155 lines
17 KiB
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155 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="95C6A0DCE27E3471BCA73D1884FDFF62" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ceb30f74-c770-4952-859a-9d3a84a5e087" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287059" ID-ZooBank="FDFD1014-8DDA-4EED-A385-95FA4F964CFC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460903466920" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eguchi, Katsuyuki, Viet, Bui Tuan & Yamane, Seiki" docDate="2014" docId="03F8878BFFA7FFF3F5EAF99B46B7FC3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ponera Latreille 1804" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFC1FFF3FF81FFD4F57DFFFF445AFFC9" masterDocTitle="Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698360472837" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="7B0A20192581171FB92A01C20C0FD8E5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9D428BDC7AAD9AF309761B862FC099F2">
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<mods:title id="4348DFC95C46DDC9DBE8178A43A20B29">Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BCAB6018F705907BC8ECCEF73C939E74" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="641199C12249C4667841FE2021065915">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4E42DE85248A783FA9AE8E1594DFD594">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8BE3C4255B98E5FCACEEDD59472E7980">Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E915EA95877649D66D859468E305D524" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6437CE1B435A62034CEE9506FC13DB56">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8959D37547B4693C1317DFE2946E7BCC">Viet, Bui Tuan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6E1D81B58771559E9BFD76055CEA2A59" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E50622B9F42597A2AD920DB37FDCC558">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8CFE48234CEFF3A60412262AC43150B4">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5D78FFA9AECA036931E6DA8C0FB6AFE3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2C2425C7F4A3E92E29B01E0D166A4B37">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="45F18D685D8E118EE4F089EEBC65D8DB">
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<mods:date id="DC4F870C67790437C42F17FC54E97E93">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F1EC7042514ADE2BDC4914F02D31D058" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F658EBD926F4C49D81BC8811869CBFCF">3860</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="37615E1537B6BAFB2EBCBBE1763D9998">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2E2C3D62D7AB49E953F8B45BA43F3CB0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8132FC4CF8BAA95B276CB4B4744245DB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F8878BFFA7FFF3F5EAF99B46B7FC3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6124719" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127669748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6124719" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F8878BFFA7FFF3F5EAF99B46B7FC3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F8878BFFA7FFF3F5EAF99B46B7FC3F" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6516FFA7FFF3F5EAF99B46B7FC3F" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA7FFF2F5EAF99B45F1F9B7" blockId="38.[151,427,1636,1662]" box="[151,427,1636,1662]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="D0A681F1FFA7FFF2F5EAF99B45F1F9B7" bold="true" box="[151,427,1636,1662]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA7FFF2F5EAF99B45F1F9B7" ID-CoL="63NZ7" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[151,427,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA7FFF2F5EAF99B45F1F9B7" bold="true" box="[151,427,1636,1662]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA7FFF2F5EAF99B44B5F9B7" bold="true" box="[151,239,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ponera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA7FFF2F58BF99B45F1F9B7" author="Latreille" box="[246,427,1636,1662]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des insectes. Classe huitieme. Insectes, Insecta. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, 24, 129 - 200." type="journal article" year="1804">Latreille, 1804</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA7FFF2F5EAF955405BF90A" blockId="38.[151,1437,1706,2019]" box="[151,1025,1706,1731]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA7FFF2F5EAF9554540F90A" bold="true" box="[151,282,1706,1731]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA7FFF2F4E6F95445B7F90B" box="[411,493,1707,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA7FFF2F4E6F95445B7F90B" box="[411,493,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is assigned to the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA7FFF2F78BF95547A7F90A" authority="(Bolton 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Bolton" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[758,1021,1706,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ponerini">
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Ponerini (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA7FFF2F619F95547AFF90A" author="Bolton" box="[868,1013,1706,1731]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 71, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">Bolton 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA7FFF2F5BAF93141C7F92E" blockId="38.[151,1437,1706,2019]" box="[199,1437,1742,1767]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA7FFF2F5BAF931453AF92E" bold="true" box="[199,352,1742,1767]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Morphology.</emphasis>
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Workers of Vietnamese species have the following features (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA7FFF2F117F93141CAF92E" author="Schmidt" box="[1130,1424,1742,1767]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Schmidt, C. A. & Shattuck, S. O. (2014) The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa, 3817 (1), 1 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3817.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Schmidt & Shattuck 2014</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA7FFF3F5BAF90D4626FE64" blockId="38.[151,1437,1706,2019]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Worker monomorphic; head in full-face view subrectangular; frontal lobes horizontal, separated from each other by a longitudinal sulcus; antennal scrobe absent; anteromedian margin of clypeus convex; mandible subtriangular; its distinct apical tooth followed by a series of small teeth or serrate margin; basal portion of mandible without a distinct circular or near-circular pit or fovea dorsolaterally; antenna 12-segmented, gradually incrassate from segment III to XII; eye present, but often reduced (consisting of one or a few ommatidia); eye located on side of head close to mandibular insertion; mesosoma in lateral view with a flat or weakly arched dorsal outline; promesonotal suture completely separating pronotum from mesonotum; mesopleuron hardly demarcated from mesonotum by a suture, and weakly from metapleuron by a suture; metanotal groove absent or present dorsally as a weak transverse sulcus; propodeum unarmed; orifice of propodeal spiracle oval; propodeal lobe indistinct; outer surface of middle tibia with fine normal pilosity only; apicoventral part of foretibia often with a thin, simple spur behind a large pectinate spur; apicoventral part of mid and hind tibia with a single pectinate spur; petiole without anterior peduncle; petiolar node in lateral view high; subpetiolar process developed well as a lobe, anteriorly with a conspicuous round depression, posteroventrally with a pair of acute angles; girdling constriction between abdominal segments III and IV relatively distinct; abdominal sternite III with an U-shaped anteroventral ridge below helcium; sting well developed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5BAFE484052FD4D" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5BAFE484525FE19" bold="true" box="[199,383,439,464]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Differentiation.</emphasis>
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The worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F73DFE4646C9FE19" box="[576,659,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F73DFE4646C9FE19" box="[576,659,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is in general appearance most similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F1A1FE464132FE19" box="[1244,1384,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F1A1FE464132FE19" box="[1244,1384,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F5EAFE234541FE3A" box="[151,283,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5EAFE234541FE3A" box="[151,283,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cryptopone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in the latter two genera the subpetiolar process lacks an anterior round depression and a pair of posterolateral angles. Furthermore, in the worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F67FFDFF47DCFDDE" box="[770,902,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F67FFDFF47DCFDDE" box="[770,902,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cryptopone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the basal portion of mandible has a distinct circular or near-circular pit or fovea dorsolaterally, and the outer surface of midtibia bears thickened peg-like setae mixed with finer normal pilosity. The worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F7C4FDB64751FDA9" box="[697,779,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F7C4FDB64751FDA9" box="[697,779,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is also similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F159FDB640E2FDA9" box="[1060,1208,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Parvaponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F159FDB640E2FDA9" box="[1060,1208,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Parvaponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in the latter the apex of metatibia ventrally has a simple spur in front of a large pectinate spur.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5BAFD4B464AFD04" blockId="39.[199,528,692,717]" box="[199,528,692,717]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5BAFD4B464AFD04" bold="true" box="[199,528,692,717]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Vietnamese species (5 spp.).</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5B9FD024623FCF9" blockId="39.[196,1419,764,909]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5B9FD02448FFCDB" box="[196,213,765,786]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-1 [= sp. 17 of SKY in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA6FFF3F77CFD024682FCDB" box="[513,728,764,786]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Yamane, Sk., Bui, T. V., Ogata, K., Okido, H. & Eguchi, K. (2003) Ant fauna of Cuc Phuong National Park, North Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University, 25 (2002), 51 - 62." type="journal article">
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Yamane
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F724FD0246D7FCDB" box="[601,653,764,786]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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(2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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] (Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Pu Mat, Sa Pa, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5B9FCE4448FFCF9" box="[196,213,795,816]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-2 (Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5B9FCC54630FC86" blockId="39.[196,1419,764,909]" box="[196,618,825,847]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5B9FCC5448FFC86" box="[196,213,826,847]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-3 (Ba Vi, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5B9FCA64709FCA7" blockId="39.[196,1419,764,909]" box="[196,851,856,878]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5B9FCA6448FFCA7" box="[196,213,857,878]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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eg-4 [cf.
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F444FCA745CFFCA7" box="[313,405,856,878]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">kohmoku</emphasis>
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Terayama, 1996] (Chua Yen Tu, Tam Dao).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5B9FC8747E5FC45" blockId="39.[196,1419,764,909]" box="[196,959,886,909]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5B9FC87448FFC44" box="[196,213,888,909]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-5 [= sp. 28 of SKY in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA6FFF3F77CFC884682FC45" box="[513,728,886,909]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Yamane, Sk., Bui, T. V., Ogata, K., Okido, H. & Eguchi, K. (2003) Ant fauna of Cuc Phuong National Park, North Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University, 25 (2002), 51 - 62." type="journal article">
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Yamane
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F724FC8746D7FC45" box="[601,653,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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(2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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] (Cuc Phuong, Sa Pa).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA6FFF3F5BAFC4646B7FC3F" blockId="39.[151,1436,953,1014]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F5BAFC464510FC1B" bold="true" box="[199,330,953,978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bionomics.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA6FFF3F42BFC4545F3FC18" box="[342,425,954,977]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA6FFF3F42BFC4545F3FC18" box="[342,425,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. usually occur in well-developed forests and other wooded habitats. They nest in rotting log and wood fragments, and in litter and soil.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |