370 lines
44 KiB
XML
370 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="E923A6ACE56C38DF9505F91F98FE55E5" ID-CLB-Dataset="5673" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.757.1421" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b98f62b-8461-4005-a418-51cf1e3b44f3" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075772" ID-ZooBank="5931D88B-70AB-4553-A023-59B23472C1DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625579837669" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Azmaz, Musa & Katilmiş, Yusuf" docDate="2021" docId="03F68783FFDD8C608DDBF9E6FB54FAC4" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-757_152-168.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 757" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.757.1421" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phanacis ciceki Azmaz & Katilmiş 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="47C3578E-5FB8-44EB-A332-03A374F41FAF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="162" masterDocId="FFCFFFFBFFD88C6A8F52FF85FFB5FFB5" masterDocTitle="Three new species of herb gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="168" masterPageNumber="152" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1699025882121" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F7606E854AD019A8582E6084E89C4B9A">
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<mods:title id="03D4C8232729F1AA8F34EF993EB97C4D">Three new species of herb gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from Turkey</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9EF16D42AEF7D3C17B8663979FEBFA47" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="927DCE024C3F93D737DBDDD73505DD1E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="228D90A0AB5131DAD172CB96286214AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="43F096792B1C3073EC115BDCE65FC19B">Azmaz, Musa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="200014AF10C87CAD710DD2D4088062CE" type="LSID">1F3AEDFB-9464-465C-92E9-8096D05D2992</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="7DE378BD3EBA0DA917F9751A53021E04">Laborant & Veterinary Health Program, Department of Veterinary, Acıpayam Vocational High School, Pamukkale University, Acıpayam, Denizli, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E08CD773584F739802F3EF75A9CE3E00" type="email">musazmaz@pau.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="864C8417F1E8A63AD6CCDDF9D52DD731">Katilmiş, Yusuf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C3FA7751788877A225913A93923C535" type="LSID">DB75240C-1FCF-431F-B35A-DEB03A4A45AD</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="360BF36A0FE2C9D660EAC54722E5B001">Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE6B0CC99A50EDDE93D65A318A7DE4EA" type="email">ykatilmis@pau.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="9BFE958B40D70BD78F6928B9D9D27E85">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D40439E3DC9C0A6F31EF83C66CD02111">
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<mods:date id="D3AD79C8E43779F31875140F8FB5A695">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A33BD6F1628119D61997A0BAA6CAC05E">2021-07-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0CDE13AEF0D15194BB55D1423F529900">757</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="72B47E5420458ED56F9B59F2DF3965E2">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.757.1421</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03F68783FFDD8C608DDBF9E6FB54FAC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5076155" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183392423" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5076155" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:47C3578E-5FB8-44EB-A332-03A374F41FAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F68783FFDD8C608DDBF9E6FB54FAC4" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C6F8DDBF9E6FC1EF9CB" box="[649,939,1635,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8DDBF9E6FC1EF9CB" blockId="5.[370,1217,1635,1733]" box="[649,939,1635,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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<heading id="D0A881F9FFDD8C6F8DDBF9E6FC1EF9CB" box="[649,939,1635,1662]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8DDBF9E6FCFCF9CB" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[649,841,1635,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8DDBF9E6FCFCF9CB" bold="true" box="[649,841,1635,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Phanacis ciceki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDD8C6F8C02F9E1FC1EF9CB" box="[848,939,1636,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C6F8E20F902FCF8F970" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8E20F902FB74F917" blockId="5.[370,1217,1635,1733]" box="[370,1217,1671,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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||
<uri id="FFCE3A97FFDD8C6F8E20F902FB74F917" box="[370,1217,1671,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFF90C40FFDD8C6F8DDDF902FB74F917" box="[655,1217,1671,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">47C3578E-5FB8-44EB-A332-03A374F41FAF</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8DB5F92EFCF8F970" blockId="5.[370,1217,1635,1733]" box="[743,845,1706,1733]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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<figureCitation id="13642A10FFDD8C6F8DB5F92EFCF8F970" box="[743,845,1706,1733]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="7.[189,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="8.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,567,1903]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,644,1907]" captionTargetId-0="figure-128@7.[189,1399,567,1903]" captionTargetId-1="figure-168@8.[189,1399,644,1907]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Phanacis ciceki sp. nov., ♀. a. Head in anterior view. b. Mesosoma in dorsal view. c. Metasoma in lateral view. d. Pronotum in dorsal view. e. Scutum in dorsal view. f. Scutellum in dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Phanacis ciceki sp. nov., ♀. a. Antenna. b. Head in dorsal view. c. Radial cell of forewing. d. Mesosoma in lateral view. e. Mesopleuron. f. Scutellum in lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075780" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075782" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5075780/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5075782/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFDD8C638FEFF969FC83FE04" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C6F8FEFF969FE83F8B3" blockId="5.[189,310,1772,1798]" box="[189,310,1772,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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<heading id="D0A881F9FFDD8C6F8FEFF969FE83F8B3" bold="true" box="[189,310,1772,1798]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FEFF969FE83F8B3" bold="true" box="[189,310,1772,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDD8C638FEFF899FC83FE04" blockId="5.[189,1399,1820,2025]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,265,434]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
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Based on the identification key of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B64FFDD8C6F8D05F899FCB6F882" author="Melika G." box="[599,771,1820,1847]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="301 - 644" refId="ref6005" refString="Melika G. 2006. Gall Wasps of Ukraine. Cynipidae. Vestnik Zoologii Supplement 21 (1 - 2): 1 - 300, 301 - 644." type="journal article" year="2006">Melika (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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, together with
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8CE4F899FAF6F883" authority="(Kieffer, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[950,1347,1820,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cichorii">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8CE4F899FB3CF883" box="[950,1161,1820,1846]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Phanacis cichorii</emphasis>
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(Kieffer, 1909)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8FEFF8C5FDBBF8EF" authority="(Perris, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Perris" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[189,526,1855,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lampsanae">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8FEFF8C5FED1F8EC" box="[189,356,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">P. lampsanae</emphasis>
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(Perris, 1873)
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</taxonomicName>
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form a group of species in which notauli distinctly and deeply impressed along entire length; Rs+M indistinct, weakly pigmented; R1 reaching wing margin and never extending to half-length of radial cell. Most closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8C67F80DFC04F814" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[821,945,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cichorii">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8C67F80DFC04F814" box="[821,945,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">P. cichorii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDD8C6F8B46F80DFBCCF814" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[1044,1145,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDD8C6F8B46F80DFBCCF814" box="[1044,1145,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">P. ciceki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDD8C6F8BD6F802FB54F814" box="[1156,1249,1927,1953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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all antennal flagellomeres with normal light setae; POL 1.5 times as long as OOL and 3.7 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; pronotum rugulose and slightly angled from above view; scutum distinctly broader than long, 2.3 times as long as scutellum; coriaceous to alutaceous; scutellar foveae separated by a thick central carina; mesopleuron coriaceous, with smooth to wrinkled in the upper half; R1 extending along wing margin to ⅓ length of radial cell; Rs + M reaching to nearly half-length of distance between areolet and basalis; metasomal tergites all without punctures, while in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDF8C6D8CE3FEF6FB98FE39" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[945,1069,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cichorii">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8CE3FEF6FB98FE39" box="[945,1069,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">P. cichorii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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all flagellomeres with long dark setae; POL 1.8 times as long as OOL and 6.3 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; pronotum alutaceous and rounded in view from above; scutum slightly longer than broad, 1.3 times as long as scutellum, reticulate; scutellar foveae confluent; mesopleuron reticulate, with some short-interrupted transverse striae in the upper half; R1 extending along margin on a short distance; Rs + M never reaching to half-length of distance between areolet and basalis; metasomal tergites only T2 without punctures. Although
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628E67FED5FE2CFEDC" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[309,409,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628E67FED5FE2CFEDC" box="[309,409,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. ciceki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD08C628EF1FED5FE4AFEDF" box="[419,511,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628D6FFED5FC27FEDC" authority="(Hedicke, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Hedicke" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[573,914,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caulicola">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628D6FFED5FD7FFEDC" box="[573,714,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. caulicola</emphasis>
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(Hedicke, 1939)
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar in terms of use of host plant (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628F95FEF6FE8FFE38" box="[199,314,371,397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628F95FEF6FEBBFE39" box="[199,270,371,396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Picris</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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), other diagnostic morphological characters allow the separation of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628B38FEF6FB7BFE39" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[1130,1230,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628B38FEF6FB7BFE39" box="[1130,1230,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. ciceki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD08C628B8AFEF6FA80FE38" box="[1240,1333,371,397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628FEDFE12FEF9FE05" baseAuthorityName="Hedicke" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[191,332,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caulicola">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628FEDFE12FEF9FE05" box="[191,332,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. caulicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628ED0FE12FE5DFE05" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[386,488,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628ED0FE12FE5DFE05" box="[386,488,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. ciceki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD08C628EA6FE13FDE0FE05" box="[500,597,406,432]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, notauli distinctly and deeply impressed along entire length; POL 1.5 times as long as OOL and 3.7 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; median mesoscutal line weakly extending to ⅓ of scutum length; R1 reaching wing margin and extending along wing margin to ⅓ length of radial cell; the radial cell of the fore wing around 3.0 times as long as broad, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628FEFFDA6FEFFFD89" baseAuthorityName="Hedicke" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[189,330,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caulicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628FEFFDA6FEFFFD89" box="[189,330,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">P. caulicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
notauli distinctly impressed only in posterior half, reaching pronotum but very indistinct, shallow; POL 1.2 times as long as OOL and 3.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; median mesoscutal line usually long, extending at least to ⅓ of scutum length; R1 indistinct, depigmented; the radial cell of the forewing 2.5 or less times as long as broad. In addition, the gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD18C638BE2FED4FAA6FEDF" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[1200,1299,336,362]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638BE2FED4FAA6FEDF" box="[1200,1299,336,362]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">P. ciceki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD18C638A49FED4FAC2FEDE" box="[1307,1399,337,363]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
develops as an irregular swelling on stem of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD18C638D9FFEF1FC8BFE3B" box="[717,830,372,398]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638D9FFEF1FCA1FE38" box="[717,788,372,397]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Picris</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while ellipsoid gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD18C638B04FEF1FB54FE3B" baseAuthorityName="Hedicke" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1110,1249,372,398]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caulicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638B04FEF1FB54FE3B" box="[1110,1249,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">P. caulicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
develops on stem of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD18C638E49FE1DFED7FE04" box="[283,354,408,433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638E49FE1DFED7FE04" box="[283,354,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Picris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, usually with no external deformations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF20661DFFDE8C6C8FEFF84BFBEAF85C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075778" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075778" box="[189,1119,1998,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075778/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="158" startId="6.[189,232,1998,2024]" targetBox="[229,1351,265,1947]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDE8C6C8FEFF84BFBEAF85C" blockId="6.[189,1119,1998,2025]" box="[189,1119,1998,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDE8C6C8FEFF84BFEBEF85D" bold="true" box="[189,267,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="158">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDE8C6C8E2AF84BFDFDF85D" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[376,584,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aulacidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turguti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDE8C6C8E2AF84BFDFDF85D" box="[376,584,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="158">Aulacidea turguti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDE8C6C8D1DF84AFD1CF85C" box="[591,681,1999,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="158" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
on host plant (photos by M. Azmaz).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF20661DFFDF8C6D8FEFF82EFB42F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075780" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075780/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" startId="7.[189,231,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,567,1903]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFDF8C6D8FEFF82EFB42F85D" blockId="7.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8FEFF82EFEBCF870" bold="true" box="[189,265,1963,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFDF8C6D8E5DF82EFE71F870" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[271,452,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8E5DF82EFE71F870" box="[271,452,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Phanacis ciceki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFDF8C6D8E99F829FD93F873" box="[459,550,1964,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, ♀.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8D06F82EFDD6F870" bold="true" box="[596,611,1963,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
|
||
. Head in anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8C24F82EFC33F870" bold="true" box="[886,902,1963,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesosoma in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8B94F82EFB66F870" bold="true" box="[1222,1235,1963,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
|
||
. Metasoma in lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8E1DF84BFEEAF85D" bold="true" box="[335,351,1998,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">d</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8DC6F84BFD14F85D" bold="true" box="[660,673,1998,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">e</emphasis>
|
||
. Scutum in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFDF8C6D8CEEF84BFC73F85D" bold="true" box="[956,966,1998,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">f</emphasis>
|
||
. Scutellum in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF20661DFFD08C628FECF82EFB94F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075782/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" startId="8.[190,233,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,644,1907]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD08C628FECF82EFB94F85D" blockId="8.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628FECF82EFEA5F870" bold="true" box="[190,272,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD08C628E4BF82EFE6DF870" authority="Azmaz & Katilmiş, 2021" authorityName="Azmaz & Katilmiş" authorityYear="2021" box="[281,472,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciceki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628E4BF82EFE6DF870" box="[281,472,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Phanacis ciceki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21857FCFFD08C628EB1F829FDF6F873" box="[483,579,1964,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, ♀.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628D28F82EFD3CF870" bold="true" box="[634,649,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">a</emphasis>
|
||
. Antenna.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628C42F82EFCAAF870" bold="true" box="[784,799,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">b</emphasis>
|
||
. Head in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628B65F82EFBF1F870" bold="true" box="[1079,1092,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">c</emphasis>
|
||
. Radial cell of forewing.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628FEFF84BFF78F85D" bold="true" box="[189,205,1998,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">d</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesosoma in lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628D45F84BFD91F85D" bold="true" box="[535,548,1998,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">e</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesopleuron.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD08C628D8EF84BFD53F85D" bold="true" box="[732,742,1998,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">f</emphasis>
|
||
. Scutellum in lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD18C638FEFFE5CFC40FD97" box="[189,1013,473,546]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFE5CFEF1FE46" blockId="9.[189,324,473,499]" box="[189,324,473,499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD18C638FEFFE5CFEF1FE46" bold="true" box="[189,324,473,499]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FEFFE5CFEF1FE46" bold="true" box="[189,324,473,499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFD8DFC40FD97" blockId="9.[189,1013,520,546]" box="[189,1013,520,546]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">In honour of Assoc. Prof. Dr Mehmet Çiçek who is an expert botanist.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD18C638FEFFDCFFB3CFCD6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFDCFFED9FDD6" blockId="9.[189,364,585,612]" box="[189,364,585,612]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD18C638FEFFDCFFED9FDD6" bold="true" box="[189,364,585,612]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FEFFDCFFED9FDD6" bold="true" box="[189,364,585,612]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FB8FDFCFEE9FD26" blockId="9.[189,1399,633,765]" box="[234,348,633,659]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FB8FDFCFEE9FD26" bold="true" box="[234,348,633,659]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E48837FFD18C638FB8FDFCFEE9FD26" box="[234,348,633,659]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFD18FF48FD48" blockId="9.[189,1399,633,765]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B373CC8FFD18C638FEFFD18FF48FD48" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314140305" collectingDate="2018-02-21" collectingDateMax="2018-05" collectingDateMin="2018-02-21" collectionCode="PAU" collectorName="M. Azmaz & Y. Katilmis" country="Turkey" elevation="1650" latitude="40.083332" location="Caglar" longLatPrecision="1165" longitude="39.283333" municipality="Kelkit" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gumushane Province">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFD18C638FEFFD18FE86FD02" box="[189,307,669,695]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFD18C638E02FD18FED2FD02" box="[336,359,669,695]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFD18C638E25FD19FDC2FD03" box="[375,631,668,694]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Gümüşhane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACEFFFD18C638DD7FD19FD64FD03" box="[645,721,668,694]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Kelkit</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E80604EFFD18C638D8DFD19FC84FD03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F68783FFDD8C608DDBF9E6FB54FAC4:8E80604EFFD18C638D8DFD19FC84FD03" box="[735,817,668,694]" country="Turkey" latitude="40.083332" longLatPrecision="1165" longitude="39.283333" municipality="Kelkit" name="Caglar" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" stateProvince="Gumushane Province">Çağlar</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B5052FFD18C638C6DFD1FFC18FD02" box="[831,941,666,695]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" precision="925" value="40.083332">40°05′ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6B5052FFD18C638CE8FD1FFB93FD02" box="[954,1062,666,695]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" precision="925" value="39.283333">39°17′ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFD18C638B66FD19FB3AFD02" box="[1076,1167,668,695]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="1650.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0072D1A6FFD18C638B66FD19FB3AFD02" box="[1076,1167,668,695]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.; ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD18C638A57FD18FEE0FD6F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638A57FD18FAF9FD03" box="[1285,1356,669,694]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Picris</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26AA5343FFD18C638E31FD45FE6AFD6F" box="[355,479,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. Azmaz</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26AA5343FFD18C638D4EFD45FD16FD6F" box="[540,675,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Y. Katılmış</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; gall collected
|
||
<date id="FFE11055FFD18C638CC0FD45FB81FD6F" box="[914,1076,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" value="2018-02-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9BDFFD18C638CC0FD45FB81FD6F" box="[914,1076,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" value="2018-02-21">21 Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFD18C638B10FD45FBC8FD6F" box="[1090,1149,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
|
||
emerged
|
||
<date id="FFE11055FFD18C638BA6FD45FAC7FD6F" box="[1268,1394,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" value="2018-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9BDFFD18C638BA6FD45FAC7FD6F" box="[1268,1394,704,730]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" value="2018-05">May 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE50FFD18C638FEFFD66FF4CFD48" box="[189,249,739,765]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">PAU</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FB8FCA0FEE9FC8A" blockId="9.[189,1161,805,867]" box="[234,348,805,831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FB8FCA0FEE9FC8A" bold="true" box="[234,348,805,831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E48837FFD18C638FB8FCA0FEE9FC8A" box="[234,348,805,831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFCCCFB3CFCD6" blockId="9.[189,1161,805,867]" box="[189,1161,840,867]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B373CC8FFD18C638FEFFCCCFB30FCD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314140306" box="[189,1157,840,867]" collectionCode="PAU" country="Turkey" location="Gumushane Province" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gumushane Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFD18C638FEFFCCCFE86FCD6" box="[189,307,841,867]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59FD1CFFD18C638E1EFCCCFECCFCD6" box="[332,377,841,867]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFD18C638ED5FCCDFD32FCD7" box="[391,647,840,866]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Gümüşhane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE50FFD18C638B1BFCCCFB30FCD6" box="[1097,1157,841,867]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">PAU</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD18C608FEFFC0FFE8CFC01" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFC0FFEFBFC11" blockId="9.[189,334,906,932]" box="[189,334,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD18C638FEFFC0FFEFBFC11" bold="true" box="[189,334,906,932]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FEFFC0FFEFBFC11" bold="true" box="[189,334,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FB8FC3CFEF0FC66" blockId="9.[189,441,953,1015]" box="[234,325,953,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD18C638FB8FC3CFEF0FC66" bold="true" box="[234,325,953,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFC58FE0CFC42" blockId="9.[189,441,953,1015]" box="[189,441,989,1015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">LENGTH. 1.8–2.0 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFB9AFD16FB16" blockId="9.[189,1399,1054,1188]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma black; mandibles and palpi dark brown; antenna brown, except much lighter pedicel and F1, and scape dark brown. Legs chestnut brown, with darker coxa and proximal tarsomeres. Metasoma chestnut brown, with much darker to black posterior tergites, hypopygium light brown to orange. Wing veins pale brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFFB4EFB8EF9D9" blockId="9.[187,1399,1227,1644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">HEAD. Delicately coriaceous to alutaceous, with uniformly sparse white setae, 1.9 times as broad as long from above, 1.15 times as broad as high and slightly broader than mesosoma. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye; not visible behind eye in front view. Malar space 0.7 times as long as height of eye, with short interrupted strong striae, radiating from clypeus and nearly reaching inner margin of eye. POL 1.5 times as long as OOL; 2.4 times as long as LOL and 3.7 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus. Transfacial distance 1.4–1.5 times as long as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.5–1.6 times as long as distance between them and 0.9 times as long as distance between torulus and eye margin. Lower face with interrupted striae, radiating from clypeus and nearly reaching eye and antennal sockets, median elevated area very slightly coriaceous. Clypeus alutaceous to smooth, rectangular, 1.5 times as high as broad; with slightly distinct anterior tentorial pits and epistomal sulcus, clypeo-pleurostomal line indistinct, ventrally rounded, slightly projecting over mandibles. Frons, vertex and occiput coriaceous to alutaceous. Postocciput around occipital foramen not impressed, alutaceous.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C638FEFF911FE19F940" blockId="9.[189,1399,1683,1781]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">ANTENNA. 14-segmented; pedicel 1.6 times as long as broad; F1 2.1 times as long as pedicel and 1.5 times as long as F2, F2 slightly shorter than F3; flagellomeres with normal light setae; placodeal sensilla on all flagellomeres.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD18C608FEFF898FE2DFDA9" blockId="9.[189,1401,1820,2025]" lastBlockId="10.[188,1399,265,540]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">MESOSOMA. Convex, longer than high in lateral view, with very sparse white setae. Pronotum rugulose and slightly angled from above view, with dense setae along antero-lateral edge. Submedian pronotal pits in form of narrow transverse impressions, without median carina. Scutum distinctly broader than long, 2.3 times as long as scutellum; coriaceous to alutaceous. Notauli distinctly and deeply impressed along entire length; median mesoscutal line weakly extending to ⅓ of scutum length; parapsidal lines narrow, indistinct, reaching tegula level; anterior parallel lines narrow, indistinctly extending to ⅓ of scutum length. Scutellum distinctly broader than long, rounded posteriorly; dull rugose along sides and posteriorly, with more delicate coriaceous sculpture towards centre of disk. Scutellar foveae separated by a thick central carina. Mesopleuron coriaceous, smooth to wrinkled in upper half; mesopleural triangle wrinkled, with white setae. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at upper ⅓ of its height; axillula with white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shining, as broad as height of metanotal trough; metapleuron rugose. Dorsellum smooth, shining, narrow medially. Propodeum rugose, lateral propodeal carinae uniformly thick, subparallel; central propodeal area rugose; lateral propodeal area rugose, with sparse white setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFDC6FD27FD72" blockId="10.[189,1399,579,711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">FORE WING. Margin with long cilia; R1 reaching wing margin and extending along wing margin to ⅓ length of radial cell; radial cell partially closed, around 3.0 times as long as broad, areolet absent, Rs + M indistinct, weakly pigmented, reaching to nearly half length of distance between areolet and basalis. Tarsal claws without basal lobe.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFD6AFE4CFCE5" blockId="10.[189,1398,751,848]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">METASOMA. Longer than high in lateral view; metasomal tergite 2 with a few setae antero-laterally; all tergites and hypopygium without punctures; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, with relatively long white setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FB8FCF2FE9FFC24" blockId="10.[189,313,887,948]" box="[234,298,887,913]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608FB8FCF2FE9FFC24" bold="true" box="[234,298,887,913]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFC1FFE8CFC01" blockId="10.[189,313,887,948]" box="[189,313,922,948]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD28C608FEFFC59FDB3FBD9" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFC59FEA9FC43" blockId="10.[189,284,988,1014]" box="[189,284,988,1014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD28C608FEFFC59FEA9FC43" bold="true" box="[189,284,988,1014]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608FEFFC59FEA9FC43" bold="true" box="[189,284,988,1014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFB8EFDB3FBD9" blockId="10.[189,1398,1035,1132]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
Only females are known. The adult wasps are known to induce galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD28C608CABFB89FAB3FB90" box="[1017,1286,1035,1062]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608CABFB89FBF5FB90" box="[1017,1088,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Picris</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The only cynipid species previously known to gall this host is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD28C608C7DFBAAFC0EFBFD" baseAuthorityName="Hedicke" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[815,955,1070,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caulicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608C7DFBAAFC0EFBFD" box="[815,955,1070,1096]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">P. caulicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Larvae overwinter in the gall, adults emerge next spring, in May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD28C608FEFFB16FD2DFB68" box="[189,664,1171,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFB16FEE3FB18" blockId="10.[189,342,1171,1197]" box="[189,342,1171,1197]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD28C608FEFFB16FEE3FB18" bold="true" box="[189,342,1171,1197]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608FEFFB16FEE3FB18" bold="true" box="[189,342,1171,1197]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFB47FD2DFB68" blockId="10.[189,664,1218,1245]" box="[189,664,1218,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
Only known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487605FFD28C608EC4FB47FE5FFB69" box="[406,490,1218,1244]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499BF877FFD28C608EABFB47FD39FB68" box="[505,652,1218,1245]" country="Turkey" name="Gumushane" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Gümüşhane</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C345651EFFD28C608FEFFA81FB54FAC4" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFA81FED8FAAB" blockId="10.[189,365,1284,1310]" box="[189,365,1284,1310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<heading id="D0A881F9FFD28C608FEFFA81FED8FAAB" bold="true" box="[189,365,1284,1310]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608FEFFA81FED8FAAB" bold="true" box="[189,365,1284,1310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Gall structure</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03695FFD28C608FEFFAB6FB54FAC4" blockId="10.[188,1398,1331,1393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">
|
||
The gall develops on the stem (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13642A10FFD28C608D77FAB6FDDFFAFB" box="[549,618,1331,1358]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[190,233,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1029,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-172@11.[189,1399,1029,1935]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Phanacis ciceki sp. nov., mature gall on host plant Picris sp. (photos by Y. Katılmış)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075784/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), forming a
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79B70FFD28C608DA8FAB6FCC2FAF8" box="[762,887,1331,1357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long irregular swelling. Multilocular. There are small larval cells in the typical form inside the stem, like in many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D16FFD28C608B39FAD3FB6CFAC5" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1860" box="[1131,1241,1366,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phanacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BEA87FFD28C608B39FAD3FB6CFAC5" box="[1131,1241,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="162">Phanacis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |