286 lines
36 KiB
XML
286 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="01358A178A472916DBD1507B89A75FF3" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. & Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFF981E75FEF7FA0CFC04C430" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus marki Biju & Bossuyt 2009, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="426" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="425" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="48C27F7908A4B53EB75C3EDA059CCBB7">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3955CDCD3777FF287DBD66CBDF21B029">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0830D732FAFDC908DBAA289F3ED5EEB">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="389158571FC1C6C5559EDAB79FCC3875">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2F27F2F8EBAA68D2080B9DD0FE668D94">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4D1A120A306B80987E52124F4207B157">
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<mods:date id="266325BB9A0EC5DEBD1050B5B9A2A3F1">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DC1D24A2C98084F784CD426A34765ADE">2009-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AECC2310FB4F57486F89A1E94B563D5B">155</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2332F1D5AF9C03A2B55140846A8E5C3B">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="3A37776D9CD8A8DDF7A44C265E638B01" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7D04B9CB94C906B407BA47ABBFB03E8C" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5945FFF981E75FEF7FA0CFC04C430" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492427" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF981E75FEF7FA0CFC04C430" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5945FFF981E75FEF7FA0CFC04C430" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF981E72FEF7FA0CFDE4C05C" box="[286,616,1521,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FEF7FA0CFDE4C05C" blockId="51.[286,616,1521,1542]" box="[286,616,1521,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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<heading id="D0AB9225FF981E72FEF7FA0CFDE4C05C" box="[286,616,1521,1542]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FEF7FA0CFE75C05C" ID-CoL="4G5HV" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[286,505,1521,1542]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="444" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">PHILAUTUS MARKI</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FDEAFA08FDE4C05C" bold="true" box="[515,616,1521,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF981E72FDEAFA08FDE4C05C" box="[515,616,1521,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF981E75FF1EF9E5FC04C430" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FF1EF9E5FD03C074" blockId="51.[247,655,1560,1582]" box="[247,655,1560,1582]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FF16F9E5FEC7C077" box="[255,331,1560,1581]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; –Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FEB3F9E5FE07C074" box="[346,395,1560,1582]" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="50.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,196,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-0@50.[182,1424,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 46. Distribution map. A, Philautus luteolus; B, Philautus marki sp. nov.; C, Philautus munnarensis sp. nov.; D, Philautus nerostagona." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445452/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">46B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FE73F9E5FE61C077" box="[410,493,1560,1581]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">47A–D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FE12F9E5FD96C077" box="[507,538,1560,1581]" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="51.[144,223,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-452@51.[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 48. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537) from Kaikatti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445458/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">48</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF981E72FDC1F9E5FD0BC074" box="[552,647,1560,1582]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">TABLE 2</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FF79F9C2FE67C156" blockId="51.[144,758,1598,1804]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FF79F9C2FEB8C009" box="[144,308,1598,1620]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Type material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF981E72FED7F9C3FE67C156" collectingDate="2000-07-20" collectingDateMax="2006-06-23" collectingDateMin="2000-07-20" collectionCode="SVL, SDB" country="India" location="Kaikatti-Nelliyampathi" municipality="Palakkad" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" specimenCode="BNHS 4537, BNHS 4538, BNHS 4539, BNHS 4540, BNHS 4541" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF981E72FED7F9C3FE2BC00E" box="[318,423,1598,1620]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FE5DF9C3FDB3C00E" box="[436,575,1598,1620]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">BNHS 4537</specimenCode>
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, an adult male,
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<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF981E72FF79F9A0FF4EC028" box="[144,194,1629,1650]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">SVL</collectionCode>
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<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FF20F9A0FEA1C028" box="[201,301,1629,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="22.8">22.8 mm</quantity>
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, collected by
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<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF981E72FE2FF9A0FE76C028" box="[454,506,1629,1650]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">SDB</collectionCode>
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||
on
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<date id="FFE20389FF981E72FDCFF9A0FD36C028" box="[550,698,1629,1651]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" value="2000-07-20">
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<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FF981E72FDCFF9A0FD36C028" box="[550,698,1629,1651]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" value="2000-07-20">20 July 2000</collectingDate>
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</date>
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from
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<location id="8E837392FF981E72FF79F986FE13C0CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF981E75FEF7FA0CFC04C430:8E837392FF981E72FF79F986FE13C0CB" box="[144,415,1659,1681]" country="India" municipality="Palakkad" name="Kaikatti-Nelliyampathi" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" stateProvince="Kerala">Kaikatti-Nelliyampathi</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FF981E72FE52F986FDA6C0CB" box="[443,554,1659,1681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Palakkad</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF981E72FDAEF986FD1BC0CB" box="[583,663,1659,1681]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FF981E72FD5AF986FD7EC0CB" box="[691,754,1659,1681]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">India</collectingCountry>
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||
;
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF981E72FF79F966FE88C0EA" box="[144,260,1691,1712]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FEFDF967FE2DC0EA" box="[276,417,1690,1712]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">BNHS 4538</specimenCode>
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and
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FE0CF967FDF8C0EA" box="[485,628,1690,1712]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">BNHS 4539</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF981E72FD6CF966FD7AC0EA" box="[645,758,1690,1712]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
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males, and
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FEF2F944FE2BC095" box="[283,423,1721,1743]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">BNHS 4540</specimenCode>
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and
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<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FE01F944FDFAC095" box="[488,630,1721,1743]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">BNHS 4541</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF981E72FD6FF944FD7AC095" box="[646,758,1721,1743]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
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females collected by
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<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF981E72FE6AF92AFE3BC0B6" box="[387,439,1751,1772]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">SDB</collectionCode>
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||
on
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<date id="FFE20389FF981E72FE01F92AFD0BC0B7" box="[488,647,1751,1773]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" value="2006-06-23">
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<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FF981E72FE01F92AFD0BC0B7" box="[488,647,1751,1773]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" value="2006-06-23">23 June 2006</collectingDate>
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</date>
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from the same locality as the holotype.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FF79F8C7FD08C135" blockId="51.[144,758,1850,1903]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF981E72FF79F8C7FD0CC135" collectionCode="SDB" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" specimenCode="SDB 028" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FF79F8C7FE2AC115" box="[144,422,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Other material studied:</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF981E72FE5DF8C7FDADC115" box="[436,545,1850,1871]" collectionCode="SDB" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">SDB 028</specimenCode>
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C, an adult male, collected along with the
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<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF981E72FE46F8A4FD9CC135" box="[431,528,1881,1903]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
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||
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF981E72FDC8F8A4FDFBC135" box="[545,631,1881,1903]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Table 2</tableCitation>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FCCFFCAFFC1AC220" blockId="51.[806,1422,849,1667]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FCCFFCAFFBE2C53C" box="[806,1134,849,871]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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||
Diagnosis:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FC42FCACFBE2C53C" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[939,1134,849,870]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">Philautus marki</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF981E72FB95FCAFFB54C53D" box="[1148,1240,850,871]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) small male adult snout–vent length (SVL 22.2 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FB4FFC50FB71C598" box="[1190,1277,941,962]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FAFBFC53FAAAC599" box="[1298,1318,942,963]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4); (2) snout pointed in dorsal view; (3) snout longer than the horizontal diameter of the eye; (4) skin of dorsum with small horny spinules; (5) horny ridges between the eyes, arranged in a triangle directed posteriorly; (6) flank and groin light grey with minute white marbling.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E72FCD6FB79FBF2C0D9" blockId="51.[806,1422,849,1667]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
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In general appearance, the new species could be confused with
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FC36FB5FFBB4C2ED" authorityName="Bossuyt" authorityYear="2002" box="[991,1080,1186,1207]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griet">
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FC36FB5FFBB4C2ED" box="[991,1080,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">P. griet</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FB6CFB5FFA8AC2ED" box="[1157,1286,1186,1207]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
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<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FB6CFB5FFA8AC2ED" box="[1157,1286,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">P. tinniens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FAF4FB5FFCE7C28F" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FAF4FB5FFCE7C28F" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Philautus marki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF981E72FC9BFB3CFC4AC28C" box="[882,966,1217,1238]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FBBEFB3CFB2AC28C" authorityName="Bossuyt" authorityYear="2002" box="[1111,1190,1217,1238]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griet">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FBBEFB3CFB2AC28C" box="[1111,1190,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">P. griet</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its pointed snout in dorsal view (vs. snout oval), snout longer than the horizontal diameter of the eye, SL 3.3 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FAE4FB03FAEEC349" box="[1293,1378,1278,1299]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs. EL 2.7 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FC72FAE1FC7EC368" box="[923,1010,1308,1330]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FBE2FAE0FB93C368" box="[1035,1055,1309,1330]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4, male, (vs. snout length subequal to horizontal diameter of the eye, SL 2.5 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FC8CFAA4FC36C335" box="[869,954,1369,1391]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs. EL 2.6 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FB8FFAA4FB31C335" box="[1126,1213,1369,1391]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FB38FAA7FB69C335" box="[1233,1253,1370,1391]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 5, male);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FA90FAA7FCE7C3D7" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FA90FAA7FCE7C3D7" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">P. marki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF981E72FC9CFA85FC41C3D7" box="[885,973,1400,1421]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF981E72FB81FA84FB6EC3D7" box="[1128,1250,1400,1422]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FB81FA84FB6EC3D7" box="[1128,1250,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">P. tinniens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its pointed snout in dorsal view (vs. oval snout), shank longer than thigh length, ShL 10.8 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FB2FFA48FA97C390" box="[1222,1307,1461,1482]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs. TL 9.5 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FC8CFA29FC30C3B3" box="[869,956,1492,1513]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FC3BFA29FC6AC3B3" box="[978,998,1492,1513]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4, male (vs. shank subequal to thigh length, ShL 8.5 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FBD6FA0FFB18C052" box="[1087,1172,1522,1544]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs. TL 9.0 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF981E72FAD8FA0FFA04C052" box="[1329,1416,1522,1544]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FCCFF9EFFCB6C07D" box="[806,826,1554,1575]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3), posterior surface of thighs light grey without prominent markings (vs. thighs dark brown with variable grey patches), presence of horny ridge between eyes (vs. horny ridge absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF981E75FCCFF93DFF76C7C9" blockId="51.[806,1421,1728,1903]" lastBlockId="52.[164,779,198,1107]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF981E72FCCFF93DFA01C08F" box="[806,1421,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF981E72FC1FF93DFBD8C08F" box="[1014,1108,1728,1749]" pageId="51" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(all measurements in mm):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Small frog (SVL 22.8) with a slender body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FAC8F923FA05C0AE" box="[1313,1417,1758,1780]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Figs 47A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FCCFF900FCC8C149" box="[806,836,1789,1811]" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="51.[144,223,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-452@51.[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 48. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537) from Kaikatti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445458/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">48</figureCitation>
|
||
); head length (HL 7.4) subequal to width (HW 7.2; MN 6.0; MFE 5.1; MBE 2.3); outline of snout in dorsal view pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF981E72FC3EF8C7FBB0C10A" box="[983,1084,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="425">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly protruding, snout length (SL 3.4) longer than the horizontal diameter of eye (EL 2.9); canthus rostralis sharp, loreal region acutely concave (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FE8DFF19FE4BC6A1" box="[356,455,228,251]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47B</figureCitation>
|
||
); distance between posterior margins of eyes (IBE 6.2) 1.5 times the distance between anterior margins of eyes (IFE 4.0); tympanum (TYD 1.2) distinct; supratympanic fold distinct, from back of eyes to shoulder; tongue with a lingual papilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF55FE61FD66C476" blockId="52.[164,779,198,1107]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Forelimb (FLL 4.5) shorter than hand (HAL 6.3; TFL 4.0); subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, single (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FF17FE24FEEDC7B5" box="[254,353,473,495]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47C</figureCitation>
|
||
); prepollex distinct, oval; supernumerary tubercles prominently present on all fingers, especially on palm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FE64FDEBFE7DC477" box="[397,497,534,557]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47C</figureCitation>
|
||
); nuptial pad absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF55FDC8FDF7C505" blockId="52.[164,779,198,1107]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Hindlimbs moderately long; shank (ShL 10.6) longer than thigh (TL 9.4), distance from base of internal metatarsal tubercle to tip of toe IV (FOL 9.0); distance from heel to tip of toe IV (TFOL 14.5); webbing small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FE86FD52FE58C49C" box="[367,468,687,710]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47D</figureCitation>
|
||
), hardly reaching up to second subarticular tubercle on inside of toe IV, and reaching above the second subarticular tubercle on outside of toe IV; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, simple, IV3 weakly developed; supernumerary tubercles present on toes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FDE0FCB5FDE3C505" box="[521,623,840,863]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF55FC9AFDCAC209" blockId="52.[164,779,198,1107]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Skin of snout shagreened, between eyes shagreened to granular, horny ridges between the eyes, arranged in a triangle directed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FDA3FC59FD22C5E0" box="[586,686,932,954]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
|
||
), upper eyelids, side of head and back with horny spinules; flanks shagreened to granular, dorsal part of thighs shagreened, shanks with horny spinules, tarsus shagreened; throat weakly shagreened, chest, belly, and ventral side of thighs granular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF4DFB64FE95C3F9" blockId="52.[164,779,1177,1689]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF9F1E75FF4DFB64FEF2C2F4" box="[164,382,1177,1198]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Colour of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF9F1E75FEF0FB64FEF4C2F4" box="[281,376,1177,1198]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In life: dorsum dark grey, with a brownish concave stripe running from behind the eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FF45FB2BFF71C2B6" box="[172,253,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="51.[144,223,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-452@51.[148,757,849,1213]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 48. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537) from Kaikatti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445458/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
), a brownish stripe between the eyes, upper eyelids light grey, loreal and tympanic regions light greyish brown; groin light grey, minutely marbled with white; iris golden brown; limbs light brown with light-brown cross bands, both elbows brownish; posterior surface of thighs light grey; ventral side light grey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF55FA50FF7EC0C3" blockId="52.[164,779,1177,1689]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">In preservation: dorsum light-brownish grey with a pair of dark-grey concave stripes running from behind the eye to half of the dorsum, a light-grey stripe between the eyes forming a triangular grey-coloured snout; limbs light brown with dark-brown cross bands; both elbows light grey; ventral side uniform creamy white with dark-grey spots, especially on the throat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FF4DF922FE27C135" blockId="52.[164,779,1758,1903]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF9F1E75FF4DF922FE98C0AE" box="[164,276,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Variation:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF9F1E75FEC9F922FE83C135" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" specimenCode="BNHS 4540" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF9F1E75FE1DF923FD19C0AE" box="[500,661,1758,1780]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF9F1E75FF3CF900FE8AC148" box="[213,262,1789,1810]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF9F1E75FE16F900FDD8C148" box="[511,596,1789,1811]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. There is little colour variation, but the concentration of dorsal markings and cross bands on limbs is less in
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF9F1E75FD28F8C7FF57C135" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">BNHS 4540</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF9F1E75FEF0F8A4FE2BC135" box="[281,423,1881,1903]" collectionCode="BNHS" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" specimenCode="BNHS 4541" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF9F1E75FEF0F8A4FE2BC135" box="[281,423,1881,1903]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">BNHS 4541</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FCD3FF3BFB88C70C" blockId="52.[826,1441,198,342]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF9F1E75FCD3FF3BFC34C681" box="[826,952,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named after Mark Wilkinson of the Natural History Museum, London, in great appreciation of his contribution to Indian amphibian research, and his generous support of SDB’s amphibian research.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF9F1E75FCD3FE83FC04C430" blockId="52.[826,1442,382,618]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF9F1E75FCD3FE83FAF5C7C9" box="[826,1401,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">
|
||
Distribution and natural history:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF9F1E75FB55FE83FAF5C7C9" authority="Biju & Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju & Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1212,1401,382,403]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">Philautus marki</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF9F1E75FA68FE83FCE4C7E8" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is presently known only from the type locality: Kaikatti (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF9F1E75FC59FE46FB9FC78B" box="[944,1043,443,465]" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="50.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,196,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-0@50.[182,1424,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 46. Distribution map. A, Philautus luteolus; B, Philautus marki sp. nov.; C, Philautus munnarensis sp. nov.; D, Philautus nerostagona." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445452/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Fig. 46B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF9F1E75FBCFFE46FBF4C78B" box="[1062,1144,443,465]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[164,228,200,219]" captionText="Table 1. Collection localities that are discussed in the text. Localities are arranged by state" pageId="52" pageNumber="426">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF9F1E75FB39FE46FABDC78B" box="[1232,1329,443,465]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF9F1E75FA91FE46FCFEC7B5" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF9F1E75FC69FE27FC7DC7B5" box="[896,1009,474,495]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected during a rainy late evening from leaves about 1-m high near disturbed evergreen forest patches. The
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF9F1E75FB4DFDEAFAA8C477" box="[1188,1316,535,557]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF9F1E75FAD9FDEAFA2DC476" box="[1328,1441,535,556]" pageId="52" pageNumber="426" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected from the ground on the surface of dead leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |