201 lines
20 KiB
XML
201 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="CB03315D63F606D7EEFACC7456737C1E" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F507139931FF8A0375F907F6E4FDE7" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Ovis jubata Peters 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="693" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="693" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E48175595B9A24B54CE805C535E827DF">Bovidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE016822246CB8CDF4E3E0E41F418D22">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="514256FEAAF9A003FBFD0DF3E8AED738">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="EE53A828DB2FF131E613A923446AA8AA">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="221161E1641DE09C145AB47564BA8698" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="AB3B1F122C349C0582D28121D8475BFE">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A5B7BEAF305DD554E94003055CF2CEBE">
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<mods:title id="1C2B2AFB683B0F28B622B237093AEB51">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F507139931FF8A0375F907F6E4FDE7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6773090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6773090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F507139931FF8A0375F907F6E4FDE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F507139931FF8A0375F907F6E4FDE7" lastPageNumber="693" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0375F907FF58F932" box="[99,181,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0375F907FF58F932" blockId="122.[96,976,1669,1795]" box="[99,181,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<heading id="D0AB01699931FF8A0375F907FF58F932" box="[99,181,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<figureCitation id="1367AA809931FF8A0375F907FF58F932" box="[99,181,1669,1715]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="118.[97,127,3389,3410]" captionTargetBox="[13,2761,12,3632]" captionTargetPageId="117" captionText="On following pages: 199. Kazakhstan Argali (Ovis collium); 200. Marco Polo Argali (Ovis poli); 201. Tibetan Argali (Ovis hodgsoni); 202. Altai Argali (Ovis ammon); 203. Gobi Argali (Ovis darwini); 204. Shansi Argali (Ovis jubata); 205. Snow Sheep (Owvis nivicola); 206. Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis); 207. Dall's Sheep (Ovis dalli)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512959/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">204.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A03D0F907FE38F932" box="[198,469,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A03D0F907FE38F932" blockId="122.[96,976,1669,1795]" box="[198,469,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<heading id="D0AB01699931FF8A03D0F907FE38F932" box="[198,469,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9931FF8A03D0F907FE38F932" box="[198,469,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Shansi Argali</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0118F907FD08F932" box="[526,741,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0118F907FD08F932" blockId="122.[96,976,1669,1795]" box="[526,741,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<heading id="D0AB01699931FF8A0118F907FD08F932" box="[526,741,1669,1715]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A0118F907FD08F932" authority="Peters, 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[526,741,1669,1715]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Ovis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jubata">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0118F907FD08F932" box="[526,741,1669,1715]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Ovis jubata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0374F946FDA2F881" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0374F946FC22F958" blockId="122.[96,976,1669,1795]" box="[98,975,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<heading id="D0AB01699931FF8A0374F946FC22F958" box="[98,975,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0374F946FF50F958" bold="true" box="[98,189,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9931FF8A03D0F946FE95F958" box="[198,376,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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Mouflon de
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A0256F946FE95F958" box="[320,376,1732,1753]" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Chine</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0298F946FE36F958" bold="true" box="[398,475,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9931FF8A02F2F946FD5FF958" box="[484,690,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Nordchina-Wildschaf</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A01D1F946FCCFF958" bold="true" box="[711,802,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9931FF8A003CF946FC8CF958" box="[810,865,1732,1753]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Argali</vernacularName>
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del Shansi
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0374F969FDA2F881" blockId="122.[96,976,1669,1795]" box="[98,591,1771,1792]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<heading id="D0AB01699931FF8A0374F969FDA2F881" box="[98,591,1771,1792]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0374F969FEB5F881" bold="true" box="[98,344,1771,1792]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9931FF8A0277F969FDA2F881" box="[353,591,1771,1792]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Northern Chinese Argali</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A01DEF8B0FB38F8CE" box="[712,1237,1842,1871]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A01DEF8B0FB38F8CE" blockId="122.[707,1299,1842,2265]" box="[712,1237,1842,1871]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A01DEF8B0FC8EF8CE" bold="true" box="[712,867,1842,1871]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A006EF8B0FB3CF8CE" authority="Peters, 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[888,1233,1842,1871]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Ovis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jubata">Ovis jubata Peters, 1876</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A07F1F8B0FCCEF8F6" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A07F1F8B0FCCEF8F6" blockId="122.[707,1299,1842,2265]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<materialsCitation id="3B34BC589931FF8A07F1F8B0FCCEF8F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198465" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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NE
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A01DFF8D4FCF2F8F6" box="[713,799,1878,1911]" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A01DFF8FFFB4EF70B" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A01DFF8FFFB4EF70B" blockId="122.[707,1299,1842,2265]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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Usually classified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A00FEF8FFFB27F81F" box="[1000,1226,1917,1950]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ammon" subSpecies="jubata">O. ammon jubata</taxonomicName>
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. The type specimen was collected north of
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<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A07C8F827FD10F86C" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Beijing</collectingRegion>
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in northern Shansi Province,
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A07A0F84EFAE1F86C" box="[1206,1292,1996,2029]" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">China</collectingCountry>
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. It most closely resembles O. darwini, with which it has been confused. The boundary between this species and O. darwini has not been determined. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A01DEF71BFE2FF6A6" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF23E68D9931FF8A01DEF71BFE2FF6A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512763/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" targetBox="[94,688,1846,2254]" targetPageId="122">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A01DEF71BFE2FF6A6" blockId="122.[707,1299,1842,2265]" lastBlockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A01DEF71BFC9AF733" bold="true" box="[712,887,2201,2226]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Distribution.</emphasis>
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It was restricted to NE
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A07CCF71BFD00F758" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">China</collectingCountry>
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. Most extant museum specimens purported to be
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A0203F75DFE86F681" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[277,363,2271,2304]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Ovis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jubata">jubata</taxonomicName>
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were collected in the mountain ranges N of Hohot,
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<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A0747F75DFB15F681" box="[1105,1272,2271,2304]" country="China" name="Nei Mongol" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Nei Mongol</collectingRegion>
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S of the Mongolian border.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F6B0FB17F530" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F6B0FB17F530" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F6B0FEB6F6CE" bold="true" box="[97,347,2354,2383]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 133-159 cm (males), tail 11-13 cm (males), shoulder height 105-115 cm (males), horn length 117-132 cm (males), basal girth 42-48 cm (males). Body color is dark fawn gray. Side of face, upper neck, middle of lower throat, and shoulder are flecked with white, resulting in a pale effect, but there is no white spotting on shoulders; belly is white and segregated fairly sharply with the dark body hair. Lower legs are pale-colored, but there can be distinct stripes down the foreand hindlegs. The distinct, whitish rump patch does not surround the tail; upper part oftail brownish and connects with the brown of the back. A yellow-brown to pale gray neck ruff of hair 9-10 cm long, twice as long as body hairs,is restricted to the front of the neck; hair is also elongated on the dorsal line of the neck extending to the shoulder.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F535FE6FF57E" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F535FE6FF57E" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F535FF22F559" bold="true" box="[97,207,2743,2776]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Rough, steep hills dissected by canyons, ravines, and riparian valleys at elevations of 800-2100 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F48BFC60F4F4" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F48BFC60F4F4" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F48BFE89F4A7" bold="true" box="[97,356,2825,2854]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but nearby Gobi Argali are primarily browsers in summer. Forage preferences probably vary depending on seasonal and site-specific forage availability.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F4F9FE8AF46B" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F4F9FE8AF46B" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F4F9FF0BF41D" bold="true" box="[97,230,2939,2972]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but mating probably occurs in late autumn or early winter and lambing would then occur 155-165 days later in late spring.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0349F473FAE2F3B8" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0349F473FAE2F3B8" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0349F473FEA4F393" bold="true" box="[95,329,3057,3090]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but other argali are active in broad daylight even in summer, alternating feeding and rest periods.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F3C6FF0DF32E" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F3C6FF0DF32E" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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||
<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F3C6FCC3F3E0" bold="true" box="[97,814,3140,3169]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information for this species because current populations (if extant) are so low that no studies are available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A0377F334F9E7FD97" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A0377F334F9E7FD97" blockId="122.[95,1299,2271,3443]" lastBlockId="122.[1370,2572,267,618]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A0377F334FE29F356" bold="true" box="[97,452,3254,3287]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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CITES Appendix II (under
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A007CF334FC14F356" box="[874,1017,3254,3287]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ammon">O. ammon</taxonomicName>
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). Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List (under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869931FF8A01DEF35FFCBAF37F" box="[712,855,3293,3326]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ammon">O. ammon</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Because of its proximity to a major travel corridor and cities in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A01CAF28EFCDFF2A4" box="[732,818,3340,3365]" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was vulnerable to commercial, subsistence and sport hunting. The population north of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A00B0F2A9FBE5F2CD" box="[934,1032,3371,3404]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Beijing</collectingRegion>
|
||
was extirpated by 1900. The Shansi Argali also occurred in an area of intense grazing by domestic animals. It continued to be illegally hunted and its habitat usurped by domestic animals and human agricultural development into the 1900s. It was a favorite game mammal, excessively hunted by Americans and Europeans residing in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A0BA4FEDBF6F9FEFB" box="[2226,2324,345,378]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Beijing</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A0A4AFEDBF629FEFB" box="[2396,2500,345,378]" name="China" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Tianjin</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The Shansi Argali may be extinct. There is no known extant population that can definitely be anatomically relegated to this species. Argali populations in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A0BF4FE2AF62CFE48" box="[2274,2497,424,457]" country="China" name="Nei Mongol" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Inner Mongolia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499878E79931FF8A0ACFFE2AFA27FE71" country="China" name="Nei Mongol" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Nei Mongol</collectingRegion>
|
||
) along the border with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959931FF8A043BFE4DF85FFE71" box="[1837,1970,463,496]" name="Mongolia" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
are anatomically referable to Gobi Argali (O. darwin).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E9931FF8A064AFDA4F6E4FDE7" pageId="122" pageNumber="693" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059931FF8A064AFDA4F6E4FDE7" blockId="122.[1370,2572,267,618]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A179931FF8A064AFDA4FA1BFDBE" bold="true" box="[1372,1526,550,575]" pageId="122" pageNumber="693">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen (1940), Andrews (1921), Geist (1991a), Groves & Grubb (2011), Grubb (2005), Harris, Wingard & Hunhuai Bi (2009), Sopin (1982), Sowerby (1914), Wang Sung et al. (1997).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |