305 lines
39 KiB
XML
305 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="8E0E8B650C8700E133A6339BA211153E" ID-CLB-Dataset="304981" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="903c9627-28ff-4bfb-9c49-d911e9673c71" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033618" ID-ZooBank="5F1FBB59-9C69-4E66-9B0D-69A015F30EAA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1730712964139" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="ALEKSEEV, VITALII, MCKELLAR, RYAN C. & BUKEJS, ANDRIS" docDate="2024" docId="03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5536.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5536 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Usechus andrushchenkoi Alekseev et Bukejs 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="205" masterDocId="FFCDA740FFE06643FFC76A41BB4B5607" masterDocTitle="A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’" masterLastPageNumber="247" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="203" updateTime="1730817957888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6BC1B6E4F60B3E0547FEEEB007D17D2C">
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<mods:title id="80563BEFD03B6A2BE3DCF21439977807">A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene ‘ amber forests’</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="87119613B5F8D1A153105AF2AB9A1AD3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="12A0B50513B2AB181E1D9A2EA9887071">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B18374C943744A267B5C11C3B201027F">ALEKSEEV, VITALII</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D38A01C99043FCD48D777AE55509C90D" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4390-5443</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="356769B50F9F95450103A0939F22025E">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="65EA32106D4A7ECCCCA056670DE54B5D" type="email">alekseew0802@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A4D6DDAAC459043BC574DB24448EE90A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="37C403F42A08DCDF89C8F97169EFEBFA">MCKELLAR, RYAN C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3950C82A0D3B60D12C408386FC7D4EB1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7451-4368</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="53AA5DF79EE4BC7A0D9E13FE09FD4089">Royal Saskatchewan Museum, 2445 Albert St., Regina, SK, S 4 P 4 W 7, Canada. & Biology Department, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S 4 S 0 A 2, Canada; & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F1106C3633E7A514D0A3C0FCB9EF5399" type="email">ryan.mckellar@gov.sk.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DAE2B8460B2C4C9D3548F5286B779C72">BUKEJS, ANDRIS</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DCF6259114131B705E4818DAB55C19A8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7165-3023</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D5A7FB09E4AD81A30A8960206EE567C">Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Vienības 13, Daugavpils LV- 5401, Latvia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="02AF6D59EE2B3A8680EF23B184959757" type="email">carabidae@inbox.lv</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E0D7F9959234DFCF062E9009E517692B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9F4E5825FA2BE90D2D282251528F4E69">
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<mods:date id="BEBF692A8C11972C35E0DAB3F6F3CB60">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="56BCDCE630E9B1822CD270FDBD5E6639">2024-11-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4E28C36BAE8A68B7704D50BCF57731FC">5536</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FE41D3538A566F2997FDC167E8F178CE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="497D27DA0F7057C560923CC1948BE70D">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D2B781E4F55D0AFBDF9933A9D10CB1D2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0EA1AA67BE47FE658D89FE4442599268" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C2AF88E8B751F9B2B41D2D409A64BE83" type="GBIF-Dataset">903c9627-28ff-4bfb-9c49-d911e9673c71</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033632" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE26641FF506FE0B86B53BC" box="[151,800,1441,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE26641FF506FE0B86B53BC" blockId="2.[151,800,1441,1503]" box="[151,800,1441,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<heading id="D0AAD942FFE26641FF506FE0B86B53BC" bold="true" box="[151,800,1441,1468]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FF506FE0B86B53BC" bold="true" box="[151,800,1441,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE26641FF506FE0B9F153BC" authority="Alekseev et Bukejs" authorityName="Alekseev et Bukejs" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,698,1441,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrushchenkoi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FF506FE0BA8153BB" bold="true" box="[151,458,1441,1468]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Usechus andrushchenkoi</emphasis>
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Alekseev et Bukejs
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A0F47FFE26641FD056FE0B86B53BC" box="[706,800,1441,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE26641FF506F84BA4053D8" box="[151,267,1477,1503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE26641FF506F84BA4053D8" blockId="2.[151,800,1441,1503]" box="[151,267,1477,1503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136672ABFFE26641FF586F84BA4853D8" box="[159,259,1477,1503]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,264,1870,1894]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,486,1844]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,199,1826]" captionTargetId-0="figure-165@4.[151,1436,486,1844]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[151,1435,179,1826]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Usechus andrushchenkoi sp. nov., holotype, No. KAM 8820 [KRAM]: 1—habitus, dorsal view; 2—habitus, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–4. Usechus andrushchenkoi sp. nov., holotype, No. KAM 8820 [KRAM]: 3—schematic drawing of antenna; 4—anterior part of body, dorsal view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033620" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033622" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14033620/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14033622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE26641FF506C4CBBA251D0" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE26641FF506C4CB84C5140" blockId="2.[151,1437,1549,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<materialsCitation id="3B356473FFE26641FF506C4CB8DD504C" collectionCode="KRAM" country="Russia" county="Peninsula" determinerName="Alekseev et Bukejs" location="Yantarny" municipality="Sambian" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" specimenCode="KAM 8820" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Kaliningrad Region" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FF506C4CBA0D5020" bold="true" box="[151,326,1549,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Type material.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54E6D08CFFE26641FE896C4CBAF05020" box="[334,443,1549,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: No.
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<specimenCode id="DBFBC655FFE26641FE3F6C4FB9315020" box="[504,634,1549,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">KAM 8820</specimenCode>
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[
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<collectionCode id="ED4CF6EBFFE26641FD4E6C4FB9AD502F" box="[649,742,1550,1576]" collectionName="KRAM" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">KRAM</collectionCode>
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]; “*Holotype /
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE26641FC536C4CB8B85020" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[916,1011,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FC536C4CB8B85020" box="[916,1011,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Usechus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE26641FBCC6C4CBFF55020" authorityName="Alekseev & Bukejs" authorityYear="2024" box="[1035,1214,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrushchenkoi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FBCC6C4CBFF55020" box="[1035,1214,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">andrushchenkoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A0F47FFE26641FB016C4FBE55502F" box="[1222,1310,1550,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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/
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<determinerName id="7E3E82EAFFE26641FAF36C4CBA4F504C" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Alekseev et Bukejs</determinerName>
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des. 2024” [red handwritten label];
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<specimenCount id="9D5BA5A7FFE26641FD776C70B9A0504C" box="[688,747,1585,1611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
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, sex unknown
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</materialsCitation>
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; submentum and last abdominal ventrite not observable in the specimen. A complete beetle is included in a parallelepipedic, transparent, yellow amber piece with dimensions of 23×
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE26641FE656C38BABB5093" box="[418,496,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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and a maximum thickness of
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE26641FC866C38B8CF5093" box="[833,900,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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, preserved without supplementary fixation. The amber piece with the studied specimen was accidentally cracked during mechanical processing and then glued together. As a result, the state of preservation and visibility of the inclusion lying at the junction of the amber layers deteriorated: the cuticle was destructed in some places (antennomeres), and air bubbles appeared in cracks and on the surface of the inclusion in some places (head). Ventral side of specimen is obscured by “milky” opacity. Syninclusions: a few small stellate
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE26641FDE56D6FB9C1514F" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[546,650,1838,1864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
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trichomes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE26641FF006D10BAEF5188" blockId="2.[151,1437,1549,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FF006D10BA38516C" bold="true" box="[199,371,1873,1899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<typeStatus id="54E6D08CFFE26641FF006D10BA49516C" box="[199,258,1873,1899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
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stratum.
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</emphasis>
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Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blaue Erde deposits; estimated age: middle–late Eocene (Standke 1998).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE26641FF006DD8BBA251D0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1549,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE26641FF006DD8BA2E51B4" bold="true" box="[199,357,1945,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Type locality.</emphasis>
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<location id="8E8238F5FFE26641FEAD6DDBBA8451B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F4DF38FFE26647FF506FE0B8A057D6:8E8238F5FFE26641FEAD6DDBBA8451B3" box="[362,463,1946,1972]" country="Russia" county="Peninsula" municipality="Sambian" name="Yantarny" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" stateProvince="Kaliningrad Region">Yantarny</location>
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settlement (formerly Palmnicken),
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B86F454FFE26641FC9C6DD8B8F651B4" box="[859,957,1945,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Sambian</collectingMunicipality>
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(Samland)
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<collectingCounty id="628316A2FFE26641FBF96DD8BFE551B4" box="[1086,1198,1945,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Peninsula</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4999A0CCFFE26641FB7F6DD8BED351B4" box="[1208,1432,1945,1971]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Kaliningrad Region</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE26641FF506DFCBBAE51D0" box="[151,229,1981,2007]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Russia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE36640FF006AD7B9FA539A" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006AD7B80756FE" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FF006AD7BA1A56B7" bold="true" box="[199,337,150,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Description</emphasis>
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. Measurements: total body length
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FD126AD6B86656B6" box="[725,813,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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, maximum body width (across elytra)
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FB1C6AD6BE7F56B6" box="[1243,1332,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
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; pronotal length
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FF216AFABA0B56D2" box="[230,320,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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||
, maximum pronotal width
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||
<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FDBF6AFAB99956D2" box="[632,722,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
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, basal pronotal width 1.0 mm; elytral length (along the elytral suture, including scutellum)
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FE1F6A9EB97A56FE" box="[472,561,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
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; antennal length
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<quantity id="4CA5C3CBFFE36640FD286A9EB80356FE" box="[751,840,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006B42BE1B5762" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Body subparallel-sided, elongate, 2.9× longer than wide; weakly convex dorsally and ventrally; unicolorous black (as preserved). Pubescence: pronotum covered with decumbent, narrow, elongate setae directed anteriad and laterad; elytra homogenously covered with shorter, decumbent, narrow, elongate setae, not forming patches.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006B2EB9595482" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Head partially retracted in pronotum, transverse, widest across eyes, not constricted behind eyes, and without temples. Compound eyes vertical, reniform (emarginate anteriorly at antennal base), flat, not visible in dorsal view, apparently without interfacetal setation. Antennal insertions concealed dorsally by lateral expansion of frons; antennal grooves ventral to eye absent. Antennae short, stout, extending to about middle of pronotum; 11-segmented with 3-segmented weakly flattened club; scape short, subquadrate; pedicel subcylindrical, longest; antennomeres 3–6 as long as wide, rounded; antennomeres 7–8 weakly transverse; antennomeres 9–10 widest, subtrapezoidal, transverse; antennomere 10 shorter than antennomere 9, about 2× as wide as long; antennomere 11 round and weakly flattened, as long as wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF0068CEBF2F55A2" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Pronotum nearly hexagonal, transverse, 1.4× as wide as long; deep anterolateral antennal cavities extend to middle of pronotal length and end in round fossa; widest point at middle, coinciding with endpoint of antennal cavities; distinctly narrowed anteriad and posteriad, with maximum pronotal width / basal pronotal width = 1.3; basally bordered. Pronotal disc convex medially, without transverse basal groove; lateral sides explanate, bordered. Pronotal surface coarsely granulate. Anterior and posterior pronotal angles obtuse. Prothoracic notosternal suture complete. Hypomeron densely granulose. Intercoxal prosternal process elonagte, distinctly widened apically and forming posterolateral projections extending to posterior margin of procoxae. Procoxal cavity closed posteriorly by projection of hypomeron and posterolateral projection of intercoxal prosternal process.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF0069EEB89255CE" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,985,943,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Scutellar shield small, cordate, transverse, about 2.0× as wide as long.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006992BF53525E" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Elytra almost parallel-sided within anterior two-thirds of their length, tapered at apex, convex, 2.1× as long as wide combined, and 3.2× longer than pronotum. Humeral angles rounded. Elytra striate-punctate. Scutellary striole not apparent. Interstriae convex, without tubercles. Epipleura well-developed, widest in basal half, slightly narrowing posteriorly, reaching elytral apices. Metathoracic wings not apparent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006E22B8E5530A" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Legs short, rather robust. Procoxa nearly rounded, narrowly separated; metacoxae narrowly oval, transverse, separated by about one longitudinal diameter of metacoxa. Pro- and mesofemora nearly spindle-shaped, slightly widened; metafemora weakly curved; femora and tibiae subequal in length. Tibiae with fringe of setae apically. Tarsal formula 5-5-4; tarsomeres with fine setation ventrally; metatarsomere 4 longest, as long as metatarsomeres 2–3 combined. Claws simple, large, about 0.3× as long as tarsomere 4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006F56B9FA539A" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Abdomen with five visible ventrites, abdominal sutures distinct throughout length. Relative length ratios of ventrites 1–5 equal to 7:6:4:3:3. Setation and punctation of ventrites not apparent (possibly absent). Abdominal ventrite 1 with apically rounded intercoxal process in form of equilateral triangle, about as wide as metacoxal length. Ventrite 5 with arcuate posterior margin.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE36640FF006FE6BE47500E" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006FE6BE47500E" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FF006FE6BA6253C6" bold="true" box="[199,297,1447,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Remark</emphasis>
|
||
. The ventral side of the specimen (mesoventrite, metaventite, abdominal ventrites) is obscured by ‘milky’ opacity making these areas indistinct or insufficiently visible. The closure of mesocoxal cavities (possibly closed) and the presence of impression on abdominal ventrite 5 (=preapical groove) remain unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE36640FF006C53B81150E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006C53B824509E" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FF006C53BA85502B" bold="true" box="[199,462,1554,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FE126C52B9A5502A" authorityName="Alekseev & Bukejs" authorityYear="2024" box="[469,750,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrushchenkoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FE126C52B9A5502A" box="[469,750,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Usechus andrushchenkoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FD326C52B805502A" bold="true" box="[757,846,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A0F47FFE36640FD326C52B805502A" box="[757,846,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from all extant congeners in the combination of the following characters: relatively long elytra, about 2.1× as long as wide; weakly developed elytral relief (alternate intervals not costate, tubercles absent); transverse pronotum, 1.4× as wide as long; distinct scutellar shield; and long pedicel, as long as antennomeres 3–5 combined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006CE2B81150E6" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
The new species can be distinguished from all other described Baltic amber
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FBC96CE2BFC550BA" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1834" box="[1038,1166,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Zopheridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the nearly hexagonal pronotum and the deep anterolateral pronotal antennal cavities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE36640FF006CABB8B7514A" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36640FF006CABB8B7514A" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FF006CABBAE85103" bold="true" box="[199,419,1770,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Derivatio nominis</emphasis>
|
||
. Patronymic, the name of new species is dedicated to Konstantin V. Andrushchenko (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999A0CCFFE36640FF586D4EBA60512E" box="[159,299,1807,1833]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Kaliningrad</collectingRegion>
|
||
), a great enthusiast in collecting Baltic amber insect inclusions, who provided the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E6D08CFFE36640FB166D4EBE4A512E" box="[1233,1281,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen for description and donated the amber from his private collection to the museum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE36647FF006D17BF9C5746" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE36647FF006D17BF9C5746" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FF006D17BABF5176" bold="true" box="[199,500,1878,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Distribution of congeners</emphasis>
|
||
. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FDBE6D16B9935176" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[633,728,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FDBE6D16B9935176" box="[633,728,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Usechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a disjunct Recent distribution (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FB9D6D16BE4B5176" author="Blaisdell, F. E." box="[1114,1280,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref24659" refString="Blaisdell, F. E. (1929) A revision of the beetles of the tenebrionid tribe Usechini, with descriptions of a new genus and new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 75, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.75 - 2790.1" type="journal article" year="1929">Blaisdell 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FACC6D16BEDC5176" author="Kulzer, H." box="[1291,1431,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="304 - 317" refId="ref26358" refString="Kulzer, H. (1960) Einige neue Tenebrioniden (Col.) (20. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tenebrioniden). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 11, 304 - 317." type="journal article" year="1960">Kulzer 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FF506D3ABA5F5192" author="Saito, M." box="[151,276,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref27732" refString="Saito, M. (1999) Notes on the Japanese species of the genus Usechus (Coleoptera, Zopheridae). Elytra, 27, 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1999">Saitô 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FEE66D3DB9175192" author="Slipinski, S. A. & Lawrence, J. F." box="[289,604,1915,1943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref27981" refString="Slipinski, S. A. & Lawrence, J. F. (1999) Phylogeny and classification of Zopheridae sensu novo (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) with a review of the genera of Zopherinae (excluding Monommatini). Annales Zoologici, 49, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1999">Ślipiński & Lawrence 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FDAE6D3AB8785192" author="Kim, Y-H. & Ahn, K-J." box="[617,819,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="201 - 203" refId="ref26190" refString="Kim, Y-H. & Ahn, K-J. (2009) Usechus chujoi New to Korea (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Zopherinae). The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology, 25 (2), 201 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.5635 / KJSZ. 2009.25.2.201" type="journal article" year="2009">Kim & Ahn 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FC876D3AB8B75192" author="Jung, B. H. & Seung, J. & Park, Y. - G." box="[832,1020,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref26069" refString="Jung, B. H., Seung, J. & Park, Y. - G. (2023) Three species of the family Zopheridae (Coleoptera) new to Korea. Journal of Asia- Pacific Biodiversity, 16 (3), 446 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. japb. 2022.11.005" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||
Jung
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FCBA6D3AB8FB5192" box="[893,944,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2023
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The group occurs in western North America (2 species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FE416DDEB99051BE" authority="Motschulsky, 1845" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[390,731,1950,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacerta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FE416DDEBAB151BE" box="[390,506,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">U. lacerta</emphasis>
|
||
Motschulsky, 1845
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—California;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FCBB6DDEBFEA51BE" authority="Casey, 1889" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1889" box="[892,1185,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nucleatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FCBB6DDEBF4751BE" box="[892,1036,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">U. nucleatus</emphasis>
|
||
Casey, 1889
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—California, Oregon, Washington) and in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE36640FEBD6D82BAA851DA" box="[378,483,1987,2013]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(4 species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FDAD6D82B82051DA" authority="Kulzer, 1960" authorityName="Kulzer" authorityYear="1960" box="[618,875,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chujoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FDAD6D82B99851DA" box="[618,723,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">U. chujoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE36640FD1D6D82B82051DA" author="Kulzer, H." box="[730,875,1987,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" pagination="304 - 317" refId="ref26358" refString="Kulzer, H. (1960) Einige neue Tenebrioniden (Col.) (20. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tenebrioniden). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 11, 304 - 317." type="journal article" year="1960">Kulzer, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE36640FC4F6D82B88151DA" box="[904,970,1987,2013]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE36640FC116D82BF5551DA" box="[982,1054,1987,2013]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE36640FBEE6D82BE3551DA" authority="Kamiya, 1963" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[1065,1406,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsushimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE36640FBEE6D82BF9151DA" box="[1065,1242,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">U. tsushimensis</emphasis>
|
||
Kamiya, 1963
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE46647FF506AD6BB9156B6" box="[151,218,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE46647FF216AD6BA6556B6" box="[230,302,151,177]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FEFC6AD6B92256B6" authority="Sasaji, 1987" authorityName="Sasaji" authorityYear="1987" box="[315,617,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohdaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FEFC6AD6BA9C56B6" box="[315,471,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">U. ohdaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
Sasaji, 1987
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE46647FD416AD6B98256B6" box="[646,713,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FD116AD6B88756B6" authority="Saito, 1999" authorityName="Saito" authorityYear="1999" box="[726,972,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sasajii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FD116AD6B80956B7" box="[726,834,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">U. sasajii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FC8C6AD6B88756B6" author="Saito, M." box="[843,972,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref27732" refString="Saito, M. (1999) Notes on the Japanese species of the genus Usechus (Coleoptera, Zopheridae). Elytra, 27, 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1999">Saito, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A2EBEFFE46647FC2D6AD6BF6656B6" box="[1002,1069,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The fossil species described in the current paper establishes that the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FDB66AFAB99C56D2" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1867" box="[625,727,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Usechini">Usechini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which restricted to the present-day Holarctic realm, dates to at least the Eocene. It also confirms the presence of the tribe in the Western Palearctic in the Paleogene. The Eastern Palearctic, north-eastern Oriental, Western and Eastern Nearctic Regions are generally regarded as typical refuge areas for Eocene Laurasian relicts (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FD966B66B9AE5746" author="Andree, K." box="[593,741,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refId="ref24368" refString="Andree, K. (1951) Der Bernstein. Das Bernsteinland und sein Leben. Kosmos, Francksche Verhandlung, Stuttgart, 95 pp." type="book" year="1951">Andrée 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FD366B66B8C75746" author="Larsson, S. G." box="[753,908,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refId="ref26397" refString="Larsson, S. G. (1978) Baltic Amber - a palaeobiological study. Vol. 1. Scandinavian Science Press Ltd., Klampenborg, 192 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004631243" type="book" year="1978">Larsson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FC506B66BF815746" author="Weitschat, W. & Wichard, W." box="[919,1226,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refId="ref28436" refString="Weitschat, W. & Wichard, W. (1998) Atlas der Pflanzen und Tiere im baltischen Bernstein. Pfeil, Munchen, 256 pp." type="book" year="1998">Weitschat & Wichard 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3473DA5FFE46647FF006B0AB8A057D6" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE26E2EFFE46647FF006B0AB8A057D6" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FF006B0ABA8E5762" bold="true" box="[199,453,330,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Ecology of congeners.</emphasis>
|
||
Recent representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FD236B0AB8085762" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[740,835,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FD236B0AB8085762" box="[740,835,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Usechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur under the bark and in dead, rotting wood infested by fungi. They have been reported from deciduous (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FD276B2EB85E578E" box="[736,789,367,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FD276B2EB85E578E" box="[736,789,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Acer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FCE46B2EB8CA578E" box="[803,897,367,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FCE46B2EB8CA578E" box="[803,897,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and coniferous trees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FB466B2EBE62578E" author="Blaisdell, F. E." box="[1153,1321,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref24659" refString="Blaisdell, F. E. (1929) A revision of the beetles of the tenebrionid tribe Usechini, with descriptions of a new genus and new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 75, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.75 - 2790.1" type="journal article" year="1929">Blaisdell 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FAF26B2EBA0257AA" author="Doyen, J. T. & Lawrence, J. F." pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="333 - 377" refId="ref25548" refString="Doyen, J. T. & Lawrence, J. F. (1979) Relationships and higher classification of some Tenebrionidae and Zopheridae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 4, 333 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1979. tb 00619. x" type="journal article" year="1979">Doyen & Lawrence 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC13DFFFE46647FE916BD2BA9857AA" author="Saito, M." box="[342,467,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="103 - 111" refId="ref27732" refString="Saito, M. (1999) Notes on the Japanese species of the genus Usechus (Coleoptera, Zopheridae). Elytra, 27, 103 - 111." type="journal article" year="1999">Saitô 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D15ADFFE46647FDB26BD2B99F57AA" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[629,724,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Usechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929B23CFFE46647FDB26BD2B99F57AA" box="[629,724,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Usechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
representative, described herein, could also be associated with an analogous forest community of coniferous and fagacean wood and fungi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |