859 lines
90 KiB
XML
859 lines
90 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9319AEDAC82CA644F023053D85D3F75D">Palaearctic Osmia bees of the subgenus Hoplosmia (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5955090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5955090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAF884247D82A1EE7E70B00" blockId="12.[151,678,1830,1856]" box="[151,678,1830,1856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAF884247D82A1EE7E70B00" ID-CoL="8SFHV" authority="(Kirby 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[151,678,1830,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinulosa" subGenus="Hoplosmia">
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884247D82A1EE7E70B00" bold="true" box="[151,678,1830,1856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884247D82A1EE5A40B00" bold="true" box="[151,229,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">Osmia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884247B92A1EE43B0B00" bold="true" box="[246,378,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">Hoplosmia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884246C42A1EE4BE0B00" bold="true" box="[395,511,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">spinulosa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAF884245412A1EE7DF0B00" box="[526,670,1830,1856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" refId="ref35696" refString="Kirby, W. (1802) Monographia Apum Angliae. Vol. 1 & 2. Printed for the author by J. Raw, Ipswich, 258 pp. & 388 pp." type="book">Kirby 1802</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3403AF4FFAF884347D82A5FE7330E58" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAF884247D82A5FE6150BDB" blockId="12.[151,1436,1894,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4A4E51FFAF884247D82A5FE6150BDB" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAF884247D82A5FE4A50B3C" authority="Kirby 1802: 261" authorityName="Kirby" authorityPageNumber="261" authorityYear="1802" box="[151,484,1894,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Apis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinulosa">
|
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884247D82A5FE46C0B3C" box="[151,301,1894,1916]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">Apis spinulosa</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFB4F6EFFAF8842467A2A5EE4A50B3C" author="" box="[309,484,1894,1916]" page="261" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAF8842467A2A5EE4EE0B3C" box="[309,431,1894,1916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" refId="ref35696" refString="Kirby, W. (1802) Monographia Apum Angliae. Vol. 1 & 2. Printed for the author by J. Raw, Ipswich, 258 pp. & 388 pp." type="book">Kirby 1802</bibRefCitation>
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: 261
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type material: Lectotype ♂, by designation of
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAF884244972A5EE1360B3C" box="[984,1143,1894,1916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" refId="ref37519" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1974 a) Revision und Klassifikation der bisher zur Untergattung Hoplosmia Thomson gestellten Anthocopa - Arten (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71, 114 - 135." type="journal article">Tkalců (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
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, (United Kingdom), Natural History Museum London. Type species of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAF884245382ABDE6150BDB" ID-CoL="8RZMC" authority="Thomson." authorityName="Thomson." box="[631,852,1925,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Hoplosmia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884245382ABDE7A70BDB" box="[631,742,1925,1947]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">Hoplosmia</emphasis>
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Thomson.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAF884247D82A9CE7020B98" blockId="12.[151,1436,1894,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4A4E51FFAF884247D82A9CE7020B98" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAF884247D82A9CE7280BFA" ID-CoL="8S7CF" authority="Radoszkowski 1882: 77" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,617,1956,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euchreiformis" subGenus="Hoplosmia">
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAF884247D82A9CE42D0BFA" box="[151,364,1956,1978]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">Osmia euchreiformis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFB4F6EFFAF8842463D2A9CE7280BFA" author="" box="[370,617,1956,1978]" page="77" pageId="12" pageNumber="309">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAF8842463D2A9CE7050BFA" box="[370,580,1956,1978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" refId="ref37027" refString="Radoszkowski, O. (1882) Description of new species of Hymenoptera. Proceedings of the Warsaw Society of Naturalists, Bulletin of Biology, 2, 72 - 81." type="journal article">Radoszkowski 1882</bibRefCitation>
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: 77
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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. Type material: Holotype ♂, “Echmiadzin” (Armenia), Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. Synonymy in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAF884246EE2AFAE7010B98" box="[417,576,1986,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="309" refId="ref37519" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1974 a) Revision und Klassifikation der bisher zur Untergattung Hoplosmia Thomson gestellten Anthocopa - Arten (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71, 114 - 135." type="journal article">Tkalců (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAE884347D82DAFE7330E58" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347D82DAFE4C00CF0" bold="true" box="[151,385,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Literature records.</emphasis>
|
||
SPAIN: Girona (Ceballos 1956). ANDORRA: Andorra-la-Vella (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343C02DAFE06F0CF0" box="[1167,1326,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37986" refString="Zanden, G. van der (1958) Hymenoptera aculeata van Andorra en de Franse Pyreneeen. Entomologische Berichten, 18, 89 - 91." type="journal article">Zanden 1958</bibRefCitation>
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). ITALY:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884347D82D84E40E0C94" box="[151,335,188,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36678" refString="Pagliano, G. (1994) Catalogo degli Imenotteri italiani. IV. Apoidea: Colletidae, Andrenidae, Megachilidae, Anthophoridae, Apidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana (Genova), 72, 331 - 467." type="journal article">Pagliano (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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. CROATIA:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884346AA2D84E73A0C94" box="[485,635,188,212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref35598" refString="Jozan, Z. (2009) Contribution to the knowledge of the Croatian Aculeata fauna (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Natura Somogyiensis, 15, 159 - 180." type="journal article">Józan (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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. MACEDONIA: Gorica near Ohrid (Zanden 1984). ROMANIA: Ban- Calefariu (2009). TURKEY: Aydin, Agri (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE8843453D2DE7E63B0CB8" box="[626,890,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36635" refString="Ozbek, H. & Zanden, G. van der (1992) A preliminary review of the Megachilidae of Turkey, Part I. Osmiini (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Turkiye Entomologji Dergisi, 16, 13 - 32." type="journal article">Özbek & Zanden 1992</bibRefCitation>
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). UNITED KINGDOM: southern England (Falk & Lewington 2015). FRANCE: Benoist (1931). BELGIUM:
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE8843443D2C3CE14D0D5C" box="[882,1036,260,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36720" refString="Pauly, A. (1999) Catalogues des hymenopteres aculeates de Belgique. Bulletin de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie, 135, 98 - 125." type="journal article">Pauly (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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. NETHERLANDS:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343B02C3DE5A40D00" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36748" refString="Peeters, T. M. J., Nieuwenhuijsen, H., Smit, J., Van der Meer, F., Raemakers, I. P., Heitmans, W. R. B., Van Achterberg, K., Kwak, M., Loonstra, A. J., De Rond, J., Roos, M., Reemer, M. (2012) De Nederlandse bijen (Hymenoptera: Apidae s. l.). In: Natuur van Nederland. Vol. 11. Naturalis Biodiversity Center & European Invertebrate Survey, Leiden, pp. 1 - 544." type="book">
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Peeters
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884342122C3DE0D40D5D" box="[1373,1429,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
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. (2012)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. LUXEMBOURG:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884346812C10E7940D00" box="[462,725,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37059" refString="Rasmont, P., Ebmer, P. A., Banaszak, J. & Zanden, G. (1995) Hymenoptera Apoidea Gallica. Liste taxonomique des abeilles de France, de Belgique, de Suisse et du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 100, 1 - 98." type="journal article">
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Rasmont
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<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884345712C11E7350D00" box="[574,628,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
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||
. (1995)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
. GERMANY:
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884344CB2C1FE0520D00" box="[900,1299,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37290" refString="Scheuchl, E. & Schwenninger, H. R. (2015): Kritisches Verzeichnis und aktuelle Checkliste der Wildbienen Deutschlands (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) sowie Anmerkungen zur Gefahrdung. Mitteilungen des Entomologischen Vereins Stuttgart, 50, 3 - 225." type="journal article">Scheuchl & Schwenninger (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. POLAND: Bogdanowicz
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346722C75E4320D25" box="[317,371,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004). CZECH REPUBLIQUE:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE8843445E2C74E6BD0D24" box="[785,1020,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37446" refString="Straka, J., Bogusch, P. & Pridal, A. (2007): Apoidea: Apiformes. In: Bogusch, P., Straka, J. & Kment, P. (Eds.), Annotated checklist of the Aculeata (Hymenoptera) of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 11 (Supplementum), 241 - 299." type="journal article">
|
||
Straka
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843442B2C75E6DA0D25" box="[868,923,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. SLOVAKIA:
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343E32C74E0D90D24" box="[1196,1432,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37446" refString="Straka, J., Bogusch, P. & Pridal, A. (2007): Apoidea: Apiformes. In: Bogusch, P., Straka, J. & Kment, P. (Eds.), Annotated checklist of the Aculeata (Hymenoptera) of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 11 (Supplementum), 241 - 299." type="journal article">
|
||
Straka
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843424F2C75E0770D25" box="[1280,1334,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. SWITZERLAND: Amiet
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346F12C49E4B30DC8" box="[446,498,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004). LIECHTENSTEIN: Bieri (2002). AUSTRIA:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343212C57E0D90DC8" box="[1134,1432,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref35457" refString="Gusenleitner, F., Schwarz, M. & Mazzucco, K. (2012) Apidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). In: Schuster, R. (Ed.), Checklisten der Fauna Osterreichs, 6, 9 - 129." type="journal article">
|
||
Gusenleitner
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884342492C49E0780DC8" box="[1286,1337,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. SLOVENIA: Gogala (1999). HUNGARY:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884345C22CACE6670DEC" box="[653,806,404,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref35629" refString="Jozan, Z. (2011) Checklist of Hungarian Sphecidae and Apidae species (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae and Apidae). Natura Somogyiensis, 19, 177 - 200." type="journal article">Józan (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. NORWAY: Aust-Agder, Telemark, Vestfold, Ostfold, Oslo (F. Ødegaard, http://artsdatabanken.no/Pages/148154). SWEDEN: Blekinge, Öland, Gotland, Bohuslän (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884347D12CE4E4C10DB4" box="[158,384,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref35551" refString="Janzon, L. - A., Svensson, B. G. & Erlandsson, S. (1991) Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae. Hymenoptera, Apoidea. 3. Megachilidae, Anthophoridae and Apidae. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 112, 93 - 99." type="journal article">
|
||
Janzon
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347B52CE5E4700DB5" box="[250,305,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). UKRAINE:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884345642CE4E64B0DB5" box="[555,778,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37234" refString="Romasenko, L. P. (1995) Comparative characteristics of fauna of megachilid bees of reservations and other territories of Ukraine. In: Banaszak, J. (Ed.), Changes in the Fauna of Wild Bees in Europe. Pedagogical University, Bydgoszcz, pp. 65 - 74." type="book chapter">Romasenko (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. RUSSIA: Chishmy near Ufa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343312CE4E0620DB4" box="[1150,1315,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37519" refString="Tkalcu, B. (1974 a) Revision und Klassifikation der bisher zur Untergattung Hoplosmia Thomson gestellten Anthocopa - Arten (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71, 114 - 135." type="journal article">Tkalců 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); southern European Russia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE8843462D2CC7E7270E58" box="[354,614,511,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36557" refString="Osychnyuk, A. Z., Panfilov, D. V. & Ponomareva, A. A. (1978) Apoidea. In: Tobias, V. I. (Ed.), Species of insects of the European Region of the USSR. Vol. 3. Hymenoptera. Part 1. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, pp. 279 - 519." type="journal article">
|
||
Osychnyuk
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346A42F39E75D0E58" box="[491,540,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1978
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3403AF4FFAE884347882F1CE0580818" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAE884347882F1CE0580818" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347882F1CE1870E7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140503" box="[199,1222,548,573]" collectingDate="2011-07-22" collectorName="J. Halada" country="Spain" elevation="1750" location="Girona" municipality="New" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347882F1CE4290E7D" bold="true" box="[199,360,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81F305FFAE884347882F1CE5BD0E7D" box="[199,252,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">New</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
records.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843463B2F1CE4860E7C" box="[372,455,548,572]" name="Spain" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">SPAIN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884346992F1DE7670E7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884346992F1DE7670E7C" box="[470,550,549,572]" country="Spain" municipality="New" name="Girona" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346992F1DE7670E7C" box="[470,550,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Girona</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A57705DFFAE884345752F1CE6540E7D" box="[570,789,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884345752F1CE7C70E7D" box="[570,646,548,573]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Ripoll
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="00778E4CFFAE8843446A2F1CE6C00E7C" box="[805,897,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1750.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE8843446A2F1CE6C00E7C" box="[805,897,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884344DD2F1CE1400E7C" box="[914,1025,548,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2011-07-22">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884344DD2F1CE1400E7C" box="[914,1025,548,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2011-07-22">22.7.2011</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884343032F1DE1FC0E7D" box="[1100,1213,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J. Halada</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884343992F1CE6FC0E20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140484" collectingDate="2009-08-06" collectorName="J. Smit" country="Spain" county="Lleida" latitude="41.78361" location="Canal d'Urgell" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="0.83" municipality="Balaguer" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cataluna">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628411F3FFAE884343992F1CE05C0E7D" box="[1238,1309,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884343992F1CE05C0E7D" box="[1238,1309,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Lleida</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843427E2F1CE0D60E7D" box="[1329,1431,548,573]" country="Spain" name="Catalunya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Cataluña</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81F305FFAE884347D82F7FE5BF0E20" box="[151,254,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Balaguer</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884346472F7FE4EC0E20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884346472F7FE4EC0E20" box="[264,429,583,608]" country="Spain" county="Lleida" latitude="41.78361" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="0.83" municipality="Balaguer" name="Canal d'Urgell" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Cataluna">Canal d'Urgell</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884346F82F70E77D0E20" box="[439,572,584,608]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="15" value="41.78361">41°47'01"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE8843450D2F70E7F60E20" box="[578,695,584,608]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="15" value="0.83">0°49'48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843458D2F7FE6650E20" box="[706,804,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2009-08-06">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843458D2F7FE6650E20" box="[706,804,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2009-08-06">6.8.2009</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843442C2F70E6F70E20" box="[867,950,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J. Smit</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884344882F70E1170E20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140498" box="[967,1110,584,608]" country="Andorra" location="ANDORRA" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="ANDORRA">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884344882F70E1170E20" box="[967,1110,584,608]" country="Andorra" name="Andorra la Vella" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344882F70E1170E20" box="[967,1110,584,608]" name="Andorra" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">ANDORRA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843432F2F70E5B50EC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140466" collectingDate="1999-07-20" collectorName="J. Smit" country="Andorra" location="La Massana" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Massana">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843432F2F70E1A80E1F" box="[1120,1257,584,607]" country="Andorra" name="La Massana" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">La Massana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884343BC2F70E0220E20" box="[1267,1379,584,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1999-07-20">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884343BC2F70E0220E20" box="[1267,1379,584,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1999-07-20">20.7.1999</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884347D82F55E5AC0EC5" box="[151,237,620,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J. Smit</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843464D2F54E62E0EC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140507" box="[258,879,620,645]" collectingDate="2000-07-02" collectorName="J. Halada" country="Italy" location="Muravera" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sardinia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843464D2F54E4120EC4" box="[258,339,620,644]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">ITALY</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843462F2F54E4FE0EC5" box="[352,447,620,645]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843462F2F54E4FE0EC5" box="[352,447,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sardinia</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE8843469E2F55E7000EC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE8843469E2F55E7000EC4" box="[465,577,621,644]" country="Italy" name="Muravera" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Sardinia">Muravera</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884345012F54E7F10EC4" box="[590,688,620,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-02">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884345012F54E7F10EC4" box="[590,688,620,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-02">2.7.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345B82F55E6260EC5" box="[759,871,620,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J. Halada</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884344332F54E5960EE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140492" collectorName="Z. Padr" country="Bulgaria" location="Slantschev Brjag" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344332F54E1500EC4" box="[892,1041,620,644]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">BULGARIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884343512F54E1A30EC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884343512F54E1A30EC5" box="[1054,1250,620,645]" country="Bulgaria" name="Slantschev Brjag" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Slantschev Brjag</location>
|
||
, 7.1966 (leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884342CB2F55E58E0EE8" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Z. Padr</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347A92FB7E7850EE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140482" box="[230,708,655,680]" collectingDate="1988-08-06" collectorName="P. Tyrner" country="Bulgaria" location="Primorsko" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884347A92FB7E41A0EE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884347A92FB7E41A0EE8" box="[230,347,655,680]" country="Bulgaria" name="Primorsko" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Primorsko</location>
|
||
env.,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884346EB2FB7E7470EE8" box="[420,518,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1988-08-06">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346EB2FB7E7470EE8" box="[420,518,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1988-08-06">6.8.1988</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345012FA8E7FA0EE8" box="[590,699,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">P. Tyrner</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843459D2FA8E1960EE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140483" box="[722,1239,655,680]" collectingDate="1993-12-08" collectorName="M. Halada" country="Bulgaria" location="Sofia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sofia">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE8843459D2FA8E65C0EE8" box="[722,797,655,680]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
W
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884344032FB7E6CB0EE8" box="[844,906,655,680]" country="Bulgaria" name="Sofiya-Grad" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sofia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884344D62FA8E1480EE8" box="[921,1033,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1993-12-08">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884344D62FA8E1480EE8" box="[921,1033,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1993-12-08">12.8.1993</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843431F2FA8E18E0EE8" box="[1104,1231,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Halada</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884343A92FB7E4900E8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140477" collectingDate="1996-07-20" collectorName="A. Zaykov" country="Bulgaria" location="Trakia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Plovdiv">
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884343A92FB7E0700EE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884343A92FB7E0700EE8" box="[1254,1329,655,680]" country="Bulgaria" name="Trakia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Plovdiv">Trakia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843420F2FB7E0D90EE8" box="[1344,1432,655,680]" country="Bulgaria" name="Plovdiv" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Plovdiv</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884347D82F8CE4460E8D" box="[151,263,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1996-07-20">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884347D82F8CE4460E8D" box="[151,263,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1996-07-20">20.7.1996</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884346042F8CE4880E8D" box="[331,457,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">A. Zaykov</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; Rodopi, Galabovo,
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884345F22F8CE65F0E8C" box="[701,798,692,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1997-08-01">1.8.1997</date>
|
||
(leg. Z. Pedr);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843449E2F8CE0D80E8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140478" box="[977,1433,692,717]" collectingDate="2000-07-05" collectorName="M. Snizek" country="Bulgaria" location="Stara Zagora" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Stara Zagora">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843449E2F8CE1250E8D" box="[977,1124,692,717]" country="Bulgaria" name="Stara Zagora" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Stara Zagora</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843433E2F8CE1920E8D" box="[1137,1235,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-05">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843433E2F8CE1920E8D" box="[1137,1235,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-05">5.7.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884342582F8DE0D00E8D" box="[1303,1425,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Snizek</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347D82FE0E7FA0EB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140490" box="[151,699,727,752]" collectingDate="2009-07-15" collectorName="A. Lozan" country="Moldova" location="Lozova" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884347D82FE0E4660EB0" box="[151,295,728,752]" name="Moldova" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">MOLDOVA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE8843467D2FE0E4C80EAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE8843467D2FE0E4C80EAF" box="[306,393,728,751]" country="Moldova" name="Lozova" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Lozova</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884346DB2FEFE7440EB0" box="[404,517,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2009-07-15">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346DB2FEFE7440EB0" box="[404,517,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2009-07-15">15.7.2009</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345092FE0E7F20EB0" box="[582,691,728,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">A. Lozan</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884345892FE0E0D60EB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140476" box="[710,1431,727,752]" collectingDate="1991-08-01" collectorName="K. Warncke" country="Turkey" elevation="800" location="Inonu" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eskisehir">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345892FE0E67B0EAF" box="[710,826,728,751]" name="Turkey" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843440B2FEFE6ED0EB0" box="[836,940,727,752]" country="Turkey" name="Eskisehir" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843440B2FEFE6ED0EB0" box="[836,940,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Eskisehir</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884344F32FE0E1410EAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884344F32FE0E1410EAF" box="[956,1024,728,751]" country="Turkey" name="Inonu" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Eskisehir">Inönü</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="00778E4CFFAE884343432FE0E1140EAF" box="[1036,1109,728,752]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884343432FE0E1140EAF" box="[1036,1109,728,752]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843432E2FE0E1850EB0" box="[1121,1220,728,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1991-08-01">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843432E2FE0E1850EB0" box="[1121,1220,728,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1991-08-01">1.8.1991</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843424A2FE0E0D00EB0" box="[1285,1425,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">K. Warncke</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347D82FC5E60E0F55" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140489" box="[151,847,764,789]" collectingDate="2000-07-28" collectorName="M. Kesdek" country="Turkey" location="Konya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Konya">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884347D82FC5E5A10F54" box="[151,224,765,788]" country="Turkey" name="Konya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347D82FC5E5A10F54" box="[151,224,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Konya</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Güneysinir, Güragaç,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884346B22FC4E72F0F54" box="[509,622,764,788]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-28">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346B22FC4E72F0F54" box="[509,622,764,788]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-28">28.7.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345F02FC5E6060F55" box="[703,839,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Kesdek</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843442D2FC4E4470F78" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140506" collectingDate="1991-08-25" collectorName="K. Warncke" country="Turkey" elevation="1100" location="Goreme" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nevsehir">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843442D2FC4E6870F55" box="[866,966,764,789]" country="Turkey" name="Nevsehir" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843442D2FC4E6870F55" box="[866,966,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Nevsehir</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884344922FC4E17B0F54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884344922FC4E17B0F54" box="[989,1082,764,788]" country="Turkey" name="Goreme" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Nevsehir">Göreme</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="00778E4CFFAE884343022FC4E1ED0F54" box="[1101,1196,764,788]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1100.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884343022FC4E1ED0F54" box="[1101,1196,764,788]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843438F2FC4E0710F55" box="[1216,1328,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1991-08-25">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843438F2FC4E0710F55" box="[1216,1328,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1991-08-25">25.8.1991</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884342CE2FC5E5BE0F78" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">K. Warncke</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843465D2E19E6EB0F78" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140513" box="[274,938,799,824]" collectingDate="2003-07-20" collectorName="J. G. Rozen & H. Ozbek" country="Turkey" location="Agziacik" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Erzurum">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843465D2E19E4350F78" box="[274,372,801,824]" country="Turkey" name="Erzurum" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843465D2E19E4350F78" box="[274,372,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Erzurum</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884346CB2E27E4AD0F78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884346CB2E27E4AD0F78" box="[388,492,799,824]" country="Turkey" name="Agziacik" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Erzurum">Agziacik</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884346B82E18E7260F78" box="[503,615,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2003-07-20">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346B82E18E7260F78" box="[503,615,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2003-07-20">20.7.2003</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345E62E18E6640F77" box="[681,805,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J.G. Rozen</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843447E2E18E6E30F78" box="[817,930,799,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">H. Özbek</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884344FA2E18E4000F1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140539" collectingDate="2007-07-21" collectorName="S. Belokobylskij" country="Russia" location="Chemal" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Altai">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344FA2E18E15C0F78" box="[949,1053,800,824]" name="Russia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">RUSSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884343672E27E11F0F78" box="[1064,1118,799,824]" country="Russia" name="Altay" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884343672E27E11F0F78" box="[1064,1118,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Altai</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884343222E27E1860F78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884343222E27E1860F78" box="[1133,1223,799,824]" country="Russia" name="Chemal" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Altai">Chemal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843439C2E18E0020F78" box="[1235,1347,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2007-07-21">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843439C2E18E0020F78" box="[1235,1347,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2007-07-21">21.7.2007</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884342CA2E18E47B0F1D" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">S. Belokobylskij</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884346022E7CE6660F1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140496" box="[333,807,836,861]" collectingDate="2012-11-07" collectorName="M. Shcherbakov" country="Russia" location="Tigirek" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Altai">
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884346022E7CE4E00F1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884346022E7CE4E00F1D" box="[333,417,836,861]" country="Russia" name="Tigirek" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Altai">Tigirek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884346E22E7CE75D0F1C" box="[429,540,836,860]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2012-11-07">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346E22E7CE75D0F1C" box="[429,540,836,860]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2012-11-07">11.7.2012</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345102E7DE65E0F1D" box="[607,799,836,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Shcherbakov</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE8843447D2E7CE0D90F1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140500" box="[818,1432,836,861]" collectingDate="2011-06-28" collectorName="K. Tomkovich" country="Russia" location="Shira lake" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khakassia">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843447D2E7CE6E60F1D" box="[818,935,836,861]" country="Russia" name="Khakasiya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843447D2E7CE6E60F1D" box="[818,935,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Khakassia</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884344F82E7CE16D0F1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884344F82E7CE16D0F1D" box="[951,1068,836,861]" country="Russia" name="Shira lake" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Khakassia">Shira lake</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884343772E7CE1E60F1D" box="[1080,1191,836,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2011-06-28">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884343772E7CE1E60F1D" box="[1080,1191,836,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2011-06-28">28.6.2011</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884343A62E7DE0D30F1D" box="[1257,1426,836,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">K. Tomkovich</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347D82E50E6320FC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140523" box="[151,883,871,896]" collectingDate="1995-06-27" collectorName="J. Halada" country="Kazakhstan" location="KAZAKHSTAN" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884347D82E50E41A0FC0" box="[151,347,872,896]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">KAZAKHSTAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Alma Ata, Medeo,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884345092E5FE7F40FC0" box="[582,693,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-27">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884345092E5FE7F40FC0" box="[582,693,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-27">27.6.1995</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345B42E50E62B0FC0" box="[763,874,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">J. Halada</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; Dshungarskij-Alatau, Rudnitschnij, 44°40'20''N 78°55'38''E,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE8843466B2EB4E4350FE4" box="[292,372,908,932]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884346CF2EB4E4AE0FE5" box="[384,495,908,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2002-07-25">25.7.2002</date>
|
||
(leg. M. Kuhlmann).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884345AA2EB4E41A0F88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140501" collectingDate="1995-06-03" collectorName="M. Mucka" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="41.6" location="Afleatum" longLatPrecision="6936" longitude="71.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345AA2EB4E6E60FE4" box="[741,935,908,932]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">KYRGYZSTAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884344FF2EB4E15B0FE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884344FF2EB4E15B0FE5" box="[944,1050,908,933]" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="41.6" longLatPrecision="6936" longitude="71.6" name="Afleatum" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Afleatum</location>
|
||
env.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884343122EB4E1EF0FE5" box="[1117,1198,908,933]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="5555" value="41.6">41.6°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE8843438C2EB4E0520FE5" box="[1219,1299,908,933]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="5555" value="71.6">71.6°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1–
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884342792EB4E0DD0FE5" box="[1334,1436,908,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-03">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884342792EB4E0DD0FE5" box="[1334,1436,908,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-03">3.6.1995</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843479A2E88E4120F88" box="[213,339,943,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Mücka</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884346252E97E0250F88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140504" box="[362,1380,943,968]" collectingDate="1995-06-19" collectorName="W. Dolin" country="Kyrgyzstan" elevation="1650" location="Teplokljutschinka" municipality="Issy-Kul lake" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
southern shore of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81F305FFAE8843450E2E97E79E0F88" box="[577,735,943,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Issy-Kul lake</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884345A12E97E6F80F88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884345A12E97E6F80F88" box="[750,953,943,968]" country="Kyrgyzstan" municipality="Issy-Kul lake" name="Teplokljutschinka" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Teplokljutschinka</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="00778E4CFFAE884344872E97E1650F87" box="[968,1060,943,968]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1650.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884344872E97E1650F87" box="[968,1060,943,968]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE8843437B2E97E1E50F88" box="[1076,1188,943,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-19">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843437B2E97E1E50F88" box="[1076,1188,943,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1995-06-19">19.6.1995</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884343A22E88E01D0F88" box="[1261,1372,943,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">W. Dolin</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; Ala Archa, Uzum-Bulat, 5.2000 (leg. V. Gurko); Ala Archa, Kashka-Suu,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884344952EECE1760FAC" box="[986,1079,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</quantity>
|
||
, 7.2000 (leg. V. Gurko);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884342232EECE64C0850" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140524" collectorName="V. Gurko" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Alai mountain range" location="Karakol" municipality="Katla" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628411F3FFAE884342232EECE4080850" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Alai mountain range</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81F305FFAE884346192ECFE4D40850" box="[342,405,1015,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Katla</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE884346EE2ECFE4BF0850" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE884346EE2ECFE4BF0850" box="[417,510,1015,1040]" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Alai mountain range" municipality="Katla" name="Karakol" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Karakol</location>
|
||
, 7.2000 (leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884345D62EC0E6470850" box="[665,774,1015,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">V. Gurko</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884344562ECFE0D90875" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140494" collectingDate="2000-07-05" collectorName="Makogonova & V. Gurko" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="41.833332" location="Khodza-Ata" longLatPrecision="1153" longitude="71.933334" municipality="Tchatkal mountain range" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81F305FFAE884344562ECFE1750850" box="[793,1076,1015,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Tchatkal mountain range</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE8843430F2ECFE18D0850" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE8843430F2ECFE18D0850" box="[1088,1228,1015,1040]" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="41.833332" longLatPrecision="1153" longitude="71.933334" municipality="Tchatkal mountain range" name="Khodza-Ata" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Khodza-Ata</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884343972ECFE0750850" box="[1240,1332,1015,1040]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="41.833332">41°50'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884342732ECFE0D60850" box="[1340,1431,1015,1040]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="71.933334">71°56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884347D82924E5B80875" box="[151,249,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-05">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884347D82924E5B80875" box="[151,249,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-05">5.7.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884346762924E4920875" box="[313,467,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Makogonova</collectorName>
|
||
): Ferghan mountain range, Alash-Too mountains, Alash forest, 8.2000 (leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE8843426A2925E0D00875" box="[1317,1425,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">V. Gurko</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B326322FFAE884347D82907E0540818" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1841140543" box="[151,1301,1087,1112]" collectingDate="2000-07-07" collectorName="M. Engel" country="Kyrgyzstan" elevation="2530" latitude="39.871387" location="Gultcha Ravine" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="73.35722" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Osh">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884347D82907E5860818" box="[151,199,1087,1112]" country="Kyrgyzstan" name="Osh Shaary" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Osh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E853FA4FFAE8843479D2907E4C50818" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3D869FFAF884047D82A1EE664084F:8E853FA4FFAE8843479D2907E4C50818" box="[210,388,1087,1112]" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="39.871387" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="73.35722" name="Gultcha Ravine" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Osh">Gultcha Ravine</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A57705DFFAE884346C02907E7380818" box="[399,633,1087,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884346C02907E4970818" box="[399,470,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW Gultcha
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884345CB2907E6470818" box="[644,774,1087,1112]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="15" value="39.871387">39°52'17''N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E0FB8FFAE884344412907E6CE0818" box="[782,911,1087,1112]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" precision="15" value="73.35722">73°21'26''E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="00778E4CFFAE884344D42907E6B30817" box="[923,1010,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="2530.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA2C49AFFAE884344D42907E6B30817" box="[923,1010,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="2530.0">2530 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA0B657FFAE884344B12978E1210818" box="[1022,1120,1088,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-07">
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE884344B12978E1210818" box="[1022,1120,1088,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="2000-07-07">7.7.2000</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26AF0CA9FFAE884343EF2978E04C0818" box="[1184,1293,1087,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">M. Engel</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3403AF4FFAE88434788295CE4420B0D" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAE88434788295CE7E30A48" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE88434788295CE421083D" bold="true" box="[199,352,1124,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
From southern Europe (northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345AF295CE662083D" box="[736,803,1124,1149]" name="Spain" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE88434460295CE6CE083D" box="[815,911,1124,1149]" country="Andorra" name="Andorra la Vella" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE88434460295CE6CE083D" box="[815,911,1124,1149]" name="Andorra" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Andorra</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843434B295DE112083C" box="[1028,1107,1125,1148]" name="France" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843432F295CE1D2083D" box="[1120,1171,1124,1149]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
including
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE88434241295CE02A083D" box="[1294,1387,1124,1149]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884347D829BFE5A108E0" box="[151,224,1159,1184]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sicilia</collectingRegion>
|
||
) over southeastern Europe (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843456A29BFE73D08E0" box="[549,636,1159,1184]" name="Croatia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Croatia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884345C629BFE64808E0" box="[649,777,1159,1184]" country="Greece" name="Dytiki Makedonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345C629BFE64808E0" box="[649,777,1159,1184]" name="Macedonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843445929BFE63B08E0" box="[790,890,1159,1184]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344C729BFE6B108E0" box="[904,1008,1159,1184]" name="Romania" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344B129BFE12408E0" box="[1022,1125,1159,1184]" name="Moldova" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Moldova</collectingCountry>
|
||
) to eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884343A129BFE07F08E0" box="[1262,1342,1159,1184]" name="Turkey" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Caucasus (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843465D2994E43A0885" box="[274,379,1196,1221]" name="Armenia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
); from western Europe (southernmost
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843447C2994E6B70885" box="[819,1014,1196,1221]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843434C2995E1130884" box="[1027,1106,1197,1220]" name="France" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884343102994E1820885" box="[1119,1219,1196,1221]" name="Belgium" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843439F2994E0180885" box="[1232,1369,1196,1221]" name="Netherlands" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
) over central Europe (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843460529F7E49E08A8" box="[330,479,1231,1256]" country="Luxembourg" name="Luxembourg" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843460529F7E49E08A8" box="[330,479,1231,1256]" name="Luxembourg" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Luxembourg</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884346A429E8E71508A8" box="[491,596,1232,1256]" name="Germany" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843451029F7E7F108A8" box="[607,688,1231,1256]" name="Poland" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Czech Republique,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344D629F7E6BF08A8" box="[921,1022,1231,1256]" name="Slovakia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843434629F7E1D308A8" box="[1033,1170,1231,1256]" name="Switzerland" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884343D229F7E07608A8" box="[1181,1335,1231,1256]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Liechtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843420C29F7E0D908A8" box="[1347,1432,1231,1256]" name="Austria" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884347D829CCE5BD094D" box="[151,252,1268,1293]" name="Slovenia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843464829CCE42C094C" box="[263,365,1268,1292]" name="Hungary" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
), northern Europe (southernmost
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345A929CDE600094D" box="[742,833,1269,1293]" name="Norway" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, southernmost
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884344A529CCE105094D" box="[1002,1092,1268,1293]" name="Sweden" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and eastern Europe (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843427629CCE0D9094D" box="[1337,1432,1268,1293]" name="Ukraine" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884347D8282FE5A50970" box="[151,228,1303,1328]" name="Russia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) to central Asia (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884346F8282FE77F0970" box="[439,574,1303,1328]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884345012820E7910970" box="[590,720,1304,1328]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and the Russian
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884344E5282FE15C0970" box="[938,1053,1303,1328]" country="Russia" name="Khakasiya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Khakassia</collectingRegion>
|
||
republic of eastern Siberia. The species seems to be absent from most of the Iberian Peninsula as well as from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884343452804E11C0914" box="[1034,1117,1340,1364]" name="Greece" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There is a single male from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884347D82858E5950938" box="[151,212,1376,1400]" country="Greece" name="Kriti" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Crete</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Pass near Pinakino,
|
||
<date id="FFE44FBFFFAE8843468A2867E7790938" box="[453,568,1375,1400]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" value="1986-04-19">19.4.1986</date>
|
||
, leg. W. Vöth, Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum Linz), which might have been mislabelled as no other specimens have ever been recorded from this well explored Greek island. The westernmost record is from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE884346A4289FE7D20980" box="[491,659,1447,1472]" country="United Kingdom" name="Pembrokeshire" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Pembrokeshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
in southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843442A289FE6ED0980" box="[869,940,1447,1472]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the northernmost from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843439B289FE0480980" box="[1236,1289,1447,1472]" country="Norway" name="Oslo" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Oslo</collectingRegion>
|
||
province in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE884347B128F5E41809A5" box="[254,345,1485,1509]" name="Norway" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the southernmost from Güragaç in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843441D28F5E14409A5" box="[850,1029,1484,1509]" country="Turkey" name="Konya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Konya province</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843436528F4E13B09A5" box="[1066,1146,1484,1509]" name="Turkey" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the easternmost from Shira lake in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499EA79DFFAE8843461A28D7E4890A48" box="[341,456,1519,1544]" country="Russia" name="Khakasiya" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Khakassia</collectingRegion>
|
||
republic of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34D29EFFFAE8843451F28D7E7DF0A48" box="[592,670,1519,1544]" name="Russia" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAE884347882B2CE4420B0D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347882B2CE41C0A6D" bold="true" box="[199,349,1556,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Pollen hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
Oligolectic on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884345412B2CE7C80A6C" box="[526,649,1556,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884345D72B2CE6010A6C" box="[664,832,1556,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref37927" refString="Westrich, P. (1989) Die Wildbienen Baden-Wurttembergs. Vol. 1 & 2. Ulmer, Stuttgart, 972 pp." type="book">Westrich 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884344022B2CE69C0A6C" box="[845,989,1556,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884343372B2CE1B70A6C" box="[1144,1270,1556,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347D82B0FE45C0A10" box="[151,285,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Asteroideae">Asteroideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884346132B0FE74D0A0F" authority=", Aster" authorityName="Aster" box="[348,524,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Anthemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346132B0FE4850A10" box="[348,452,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Anthemis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843469D2B00E74D0A0F" box="[466,524,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Aster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884345552B0FE7F60A10" box="[538,695,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Buphthalmum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884345552B0FE7F60A10" box="[538,695,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Buphthalmum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE8843458B2B0FE7BE0A10" box="[708,767,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Inula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843458B2B0FE7BE0A10" box="[708,767,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Inula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344422B00E6250A0F" box="[781,868,1592,1615]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344422B00E6250A0F" box="[781,868,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Senecio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Carduoideae (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884343072B0FE1E60A10" box="[1096,1191,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Carduus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884343072B0FE1E60A10" box="[1096,1191,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Carduus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884343FA2B00E06B0A0F" box="[1205,1322,1592,1615]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884343FA2B00E06B0A0F" box="[1205,1322,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Centaurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884342772B00E0D30A0F" box="[1336,1426,1592,1615]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884342772B00E0D30A0F" box="[1336,1426,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Cirsium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347872B64E4240A35" box="[200,357,1628,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cichorioideae">Cichorioideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884346E62B64E7600A35" box="[425,545,1628,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cichorium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346E62B64E7600A35" box="[425,545,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Cichorium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE8843457E2B65E73A0A34" box="[561,635,1629,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Crepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843457E2B65E73A0A34" box="[561,635,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Crepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884345C42B65E6420A34" box="[651,771,1629,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884345C42B65E6420A34" box="[651,771,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Hieracium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE8843445C2B64E6CA0A35" box="[787,907,1628,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leontodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843445C2B64E6CA0A35" box="[787,907,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Leontodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344D52B65E69C0A34" box="[922,989,1629,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Picris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344D52B65E69C0A34" box="[922,989,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Picris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344A22B65E1370A34" box="[1005,1142,1629,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tragopogon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344A22B65E1370A34" box="[1005,1142,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Tragopogon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are exploited for pollen. On the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347A02B47E4390AD8" box="[239,376,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Asteroideae">Asteroideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is probably the most important pollen host taxon among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884343D92BB8E0500AD8" box="[1174,1297,1664,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
subfamilies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136175FAFFAE884347D02B9CE5A30AFC" box="[159,226,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,655,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,655,1570]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Flower-visiting females of Osmia (Hoplosmia). 1: Osmia spinulosa on Buphthalmum salicifolium (Asteroideae). 2: Osmia spinigera on Centaurea spec. (Carduoideae; photo H. Wiesbauer). 3: Osmia bidentata on Centaurea spec.(Carduoideae; photo A. Gogala).4: Osmia pinguison Inula spec.(Asteroideae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1241996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241996/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), the females take up pollen from the surface of the capitulum directly into their scopa by rapidly moving the metasoma up and down (“abdominal drumming” sensu Cane 2017). On Carduoideae und
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE8843438F2BFFE0210AA0" box="[1216,1376,1735,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cichorioideae">Cichorioideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they use their hind legs to direct the pollen-bearing flower structures under the seesawing metasoma. To provision one brood cell, the entire pollen content of about four flower heads of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344C82A37E1F10B68" box="[903,1200,1807,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Buphthalmum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salicifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344C82A37E1F10B68" box="[903,1200,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Buphthalmum salicifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is needed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE8843427D2A37E5B90B0D" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36296" refString="Muller, A., Diener, S., Schnyder, S., Stutz, K., Sedivy, C. & Dorn, S. (2006) Quantitative pollen requirements of solitary bees: implications for bee conservation and the evolution of bee-flower relationships. Biological Conservation, 130, 604 - 615. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2006.01.023" type="journal article">
|
||
Müller
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884342C72A29E5EC0B0D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3403AF4FFAE884047882A6FE664084F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAE884047882A6FE5A10F54" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,1040]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347882A6FE4C40B30" bold="true" box="[199,389,1879,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Nesting biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346C32A61E7500B30" box="[396,529,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Nesting site</emphasis>
|
||
: The nests are built in empty snail shells of small to medium size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136175FAFFAE8843424B2A6FE0220B30" box="[1284,1379,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1500,1523]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,183,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[181,1405,181,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Nesting behaviour of Osmia (Hoplosmia). 5: Female of Osmia spinulosa entering her nest in an empty shell of Xerolenta obvia. 6: Female of Osmia spinulosa turning her nest in an empty shell of Zebrina detrita in a protected position. 7: Opened nest of Osmia pinguis inan empty snail shell containing three brood cells.8: Females of Osmia distinguenda at their nests in small rock cavities (photo G. Pisanty). 9: Opened nest of Osmia ligurica in a preexisting burrow in a dead stem of Scolymushispanicus (photo G. LeGoff).10: Female of Osmia ligurica at the entranceof her nest in a hollow plant stem (photo H. Wiesbauer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1241998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241998/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Fig. 5, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347D82A45E5AD0BD4" box="[151,236,1917,1940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Cepaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347D82A45E5AD0BD4" box="[151,236,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Cepaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347B12A44E42F0BD5" box="[254,366,1916,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Cernuella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347B12A44E42F0BD5" box="[254,366,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Cernuella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884346CF2A44E4BF0BD5" box="[384,510,1916,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Fruticicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346CF2A44E4BF0BD5" box="[384,510,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Fruticicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE8843455F2A44E7370BD5" box="[528,630,1916,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Helicella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843455F2A44E7370BD5" box="[528,630,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Helicella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884345C72A45E6300BD5" authority=", Xerolenta" authorityName="Xerolenta" box="[648,881,1916,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiidae" genus="Pomatias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884345C72A45E7B30BD4" box="[648,754,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Pomatias</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE8843444B2A44E6300BD5" box="[772,881,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Xerolenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344CC2A44E69D0BD5" box="[899,988,1916,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Zebrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344CC2A44E69D0BD5" box="[899,988,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Zebrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and occasionally also young shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884347D82A98E43A0BF8" authority="(Muller 1994)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[151,379,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884347D82A98E5950BF9" box="[151,212,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884347AD2A98E4330BF8" box="[226,370,1952,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884346CA2A99E7040BF9" box="[389,581,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Nest architecture</emphasis>
|
||
: The nests contain 1–3, mostly 2 brood cells, which are separated from each other by partitions consisting of leaf pulp, e.g. from
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884345BA2AFCE6220B9D" box="[757,867,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Potentilla</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAE884344C12AFCE1880B9C" authority="(Muller 1994)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[910,1225,1988,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sanguisorba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAE884344C12AFCE15A0B9D" box="[910,1051,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="310">Sanguisorba</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAE884343622AFCE1810B9C" box="[1069,1216,1988,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="310" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There is no basal wall that seals the innermost brood cell against the rear end of the nest. The shells are sealed at their opening with an additional wall of leaf pulp. There is an empty vestibule of varying length between nest plug and outermost cell partition. The latter probably acts as main barrier against predators or parasites as it is distinctly more robust than the other cell partitions and the nest plug, needing more than 30 flights with leaf pulp for its construction.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884042092C3DE5900D00" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Nesting cycle</emphasis>
|
||
: On average, about 30 foraging bouts are needed to provision one brood cell, which takes about 12.5 h under good weather conditions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD8840468F2C74E7120D24" box="[448,595,332,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). After having sealed the shell, the female crawls upside down under her nest and turns it with her legs so that the shell opening is directed tightly towards the ground (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136175FAFFAD884043FA2C57E1B80DC8" box="[1205,1273,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1500,1523]" captionTargetBox="[181,1404,183,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[181,1405,181,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Nesting behaviour of Osmia (Hoplosmia). 5: Female of Osmia spinulosa entering her nest in an empty shell of Xerolenta obvia. 6: Female of Osmia spinulosa turning her nest in an empty shell of Zebrina detrita in a protected position. 7: Opened nest of Osmia pinguis inan empty snail shell containing three brood cells.8: Females of Osmia distinguenda at their nests in small rock cavities (photo G. Pisanty). 9: Opened nest of Osmia ligurica in a preexisting burrow in a dead stem of Scolymushispanicus (photo G. LeGoff).10: Female of Osmia ligurica at the entranceof her nest in a hollow plant stem (photo H. Wiesbauer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1241998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241998/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), which might possibly provide some protection against inclement weather. Under good conditions, a female constructs up to 20 brood cells during her flight period, which lasts maximally 10–11 weeks. Interestingly, the females regularly control their nests up to four weeks after they have sealed them to repair holes and cracks in the nest plug with newly collected leaf pulp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884046F02F38E73A0E58" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[447,635,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinulosa" subGenus="Hoplosmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884046F02F38E73A0E58" box="[447,635,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Osmia spinulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overwinters as a prepupa in a self-spun cocoon within the brood cell. It has one generation per year. However, it seems to be a parsivoltine species since about half of all larvae that emerged from the brood cells were found to undergo metamorphosis only after the second hibernation.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884042182F7FE5BF0EC4" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Brood parasites</emphasis>
|
||
: The megachilid bee species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884045192F54E6610EC5" authorityName="Noskiewicz" authorityYear="1926" box="[598,800,620,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Stelis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odontopyga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884045192F54E6610EC5" box="[598,800,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Stelis odontopyga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
develops as cleptoparasite in the nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884042432F55E0DD0EC5" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1292,1436,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinulosa" subGenus="Hoplosmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884042432F55E0610EC4" box="[1292,1312,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD8840427E2F54E0DD0EC5" box="[1329,1436,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">spinulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD884047D12FB7E42B0EE8" box="[158,362,655,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref36474" refString="Noskiewicz, J. (1925) Neue europaische Bienen. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 4, 230 - 237." type="journal article">Noskiewicz 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Blüthgen 1926). Additional confirmed brood parasites are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884043692FB7E0050EE8" authority="(Rossi)" authorityName="Rossi" baseAuthorityName="Rossi" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1062,1348,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884043692FB7E1A90EE8" box="[1062,1256,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Chrysura cuprea</emphasis>
|
||
(Rossi)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884042CD2FA8E7740E8D" authority="(Forster)" authorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884042CD2FA8E0D40EE7" box="[1410,1429,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884047D82F8CE45B0E8D" box="[151,282,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">trimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Förster) (Chrysididae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884045082F8CE10D0E8D" authority="(Fabricius)" authorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[583,1100,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884045082F8CE64E0E8D" box="[583,783,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Anthrax aethiops</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius) (Bombyliidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884043102F8CE46D0EB0" authority="(Walker)" authorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884043102F8CE06A0E8C" box="[1119,1323,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Melittobia acasta</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker) (Eulophidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884046782FEFE72B0EB0" authority="(Retzius)" authorityName="Retzius" baseAuthorityName="Retzius" baseAuthorityYear="1783" box="[311,618,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Pteromalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884046782FEFE4BD0EB0" box="[311,508,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Pteromalus apum</emphasis>
|
||
(Retzius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884045D02FE1E1460EB0" authority="Statz" authorityName="Statz" authorityYear="1938" box="[671,1031,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Pteromalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884045D02FE1E7EC0EB0" box="[671,685,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884045F32FE1E65D0EB0" box="[700,796,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">venustus</emphasis>
|
||
Statz (Pteromalidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD884043592FE0E1D70EB0" box="[1046,1174,728,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref35731" refString="Kunz, P. X. (1994) Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wurttembergs. Beihefte zu den Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 77, 1 - 188." type="journal article">Kunz 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD884043ED2FEFE0710EB0" box="[1186,1328,727,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; BWARS 2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE5697FFFAD884047882E27E664084F" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884047882E27E4090F78" bold="true" box="[199,328,799,824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD8840461F2E27E7190F78" box="[336,600,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Male mating behaviour</emphasis>
|
||
: The males occupy small home ranges, to which they adhere during their entire flight period, which lasts maximally 5–6 weeks (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD8840445F2E7CE6E20F1C" box="[784,931,836,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within these home ranges, they search for females by patrolling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5A12FCFFAD884046C52E50E7440FC0" box="[394,517,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
flower heads along more or less fixed circular flight routes in a rapid flight, which is interrupted by short resting periods on the ground. Home ranges and flight routes are never defended against conspecifics but instead often widely overlap.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92EB56DFFAD884045E42E97E61A0F88" box="[683,859,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="311">Sleeping places</emphasis>
|
||
: The males sleep singly or in small groups within empty snail shells as do females that have not yet started their nesting activities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB148EFFAD884043732EECE18E0FAC" box="[1084,1231,980,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="311" refId="ref36221" refString="Muller, A. (1994) Die Bionomie der in leeren Schneckengehausen nistenden Biene Osmia spinulosa (Kirby 1802) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wurttemberg, 68 / 69, 291 - 334." type="journal article">Müller 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nesting females pass the night or periods of bad weather within their nests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |