334 lines
38 KiB
XML
334 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530695" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1652084412237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Slavenko, Alex, Tamar, Karin, Tallowin, Oliver J S, Kraus, Fred, Allison, Allen, Carranza, Salvador & Meiri, Shai" docDate="2022" docId="03EF4E777C39CA4AFF6DFD57229CFE15" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab052.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 (1)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/220/6365875" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Ornithuroscincus shearmani Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri 2022, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="267" masterDocId="FFD6360F7C17CA7AFFB0FFB42066FFA4" masterDocTitle="Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="278" masterPageNumber="220" pageNumber="266" updateTime="1673543820768" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Slavenko, Alex</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tamar, Karin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tallowin, Oliver J S</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kraus, Fred</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Allison, Allen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carranza, Salvador</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Meiri, Shai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>195</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>220</mods:start>
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<mods:end>278</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/220/6365875</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6530695</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6536344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6536344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C39CA4AFF6DFD57229CFE15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF4E777C39CA4AFF6DFD57229CFE15" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="266" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[221,720,739,763]" box="[221,720,739,763]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<heading box="[221,720,739,763]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="8SHZ5" ID-ENA="2855681" authority="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri, 2022" authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[221,614,739,763]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani" status="sp. nov.">ORNITHUROSCINCUS SHEARMANI</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[621,720,739,763]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[621,720,739,763]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[268,673,778,803]" box="[268,673,778,803]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">SHEARMAN’ S SMOOTH- EARED SKINK</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[343,598,817,842]" box="[343,598,817,842]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[352,440,817,842]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="25.[144,224,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-145@25.[145,1425,195,1499]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 16. Pictures in life of (A) Ornithuroscincus bengaun (holotype; BPBM 37741); (B) Ornithuroscincus pterophilus (holotype; BPBM 45705); (C) Ornithuroscincus sabini (BPBM 16761); (D) Ornithuroscincus shearmani (holotype; BPBM 47951); (E) Ornithuroscincus viridis (holotype; BPBM 44744). Images A, C by Fred Kraus, images B, D, E by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530735/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">FIGS 16</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[454,482,817,842]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[401,1169,196,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-236@31.[401,1169,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22. Ornithuroscincus shearmani holotype (BPBM 47915), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530747/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">22</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation box="[494,590,817,842]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[142,206,414,436]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of morphometrics and meristics for specimens of species treated in this study (mean values in parentheses). Only adult specimens were examined for morphometric measurements, but juveniles were included for meristics" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39AFE97C1ECA73FF3EFE2A2460FE75" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" tableUuid="DF39AFE97C1ECA73FF3EFE2A2460FE75">TABLE 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[163,785,855,911]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis box="[163,499,855,879]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:</emphasis>
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u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
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<uuid box="[249,767,886,911]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">E9C004B6-8694-4984-9FA1-A438E335141D</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[163,779,958,1072]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-09-05" collectorName="P. Shearman" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="3456" latitude="-9.7192" location="Mt Suckling" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="148.9846" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Milne Bay" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[163,274,958,979]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<typeStatus box="[163,269,958,979]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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BPBM 47915 (field tag AA 19603), adult female, collected by
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<collectorName box="[439,605,989,1011]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">P. Shearman</collectorName>
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at
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<geoCoordinate box="[658,772,989,1010]" degrees="9.7192" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" precision="5" value="-9.7192">9.7192°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[163,292,1020,1042]" degrees="148.9846" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" precision="5" value="148.9846">148.9846°E</geoCoordinate>
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(WGS 84),
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<elevation box="[416,555,1020,1042]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.456" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="3456.0">
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<quantity box="[416,497,1020,1042]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.456" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="3456.0">3456 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C39CA4AFF6DFD57229CFE15:8E99A9BA7C39CA54FD86FC4822A6FBB6" box="[566,704,1020,1042]" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-9.7192" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="148.9846" name="Mt Suckling" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" stateProvince="Milne Bay">Mt Suckling</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Milne Bay" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Milne Bay Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[324,544,1050,1072]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date box="[555,762,1050,1072]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" value="2009-09-05">
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<collectingDate box="[555,762,1050,1072]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" value="2009-09-05">5 September 2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[163,780,1113,1718]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis box="[163,281,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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A large species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[506,703,1113,1134]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[506,703,1113,1134]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Ornithuroscincus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(adult SVL
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<quantity box="[217,315,1144,1166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.92" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="69.2">69.2 mm</quantity>
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), characterized by the unique combination of short limbs (forelimbs 28.4% of SVL, hindlimbs 35.6% of SVL); frontoparietals fused; nuchals single pair; paravertebral scales 83; mid-body scale rows 37; 4
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<superScript attach="left" box="[708,722,1235,1247]" fontSize="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">th</superScript>
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digit on front foot longer than 3
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<superScript attach="none" box="[443,457,1266,1278]" fontSize="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">rd</superScript>
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; subdigital lamellae 18 under 4
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<superScript attach="left" box="[176,190,1296,1308]" fontSize="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">th</superScript>
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toe; single supradigital scales four on 4
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<superScript attach="left" box="[640,654,1296,1308]" fontSize="5" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">th</superScript>
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toe; dorsal coloration jet black; medial dorsal golden striations extending posteriorly from occiput to tail, bordered laterally by fragmented golden stripes made up of narrow spots one to two scales long; dorsolateral stripes present as narrow uniform golden stripes, a half scale wide, extending from postorbital region to tail, bordered on both sides by parallel narrow golden striations; flanks jet black, marked with multiple spots one scale wide, pale blue in preservative, pale yellow in life; ventral surfaces pale blue in preservative, with dark brown blotches on chin and dark brown striations on chest, abdomen, thighs, precloacal region and tail, becoming more pronounced posteriorly; palmar and plantar surfaces dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[163,779,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="46.[827,1444,197,311]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis box="[163,676,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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Comparisons:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[342,676,1758,1779]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">Ornithuroscincus shearmani</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is easily distinguished from all other species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[581,779,1789,1810]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[581,779,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">Ornithuroscincus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its large size (adult SVL 69.2 vs.
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<quantity box="[596,766,1820,1842]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.584999999999999" metricValueMax="6.2299999999999995" metricValueMin="2.94" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="45.849999999999994" valueMax="62.3" valueMin="29.4">29.4–62.3 mm</quantity>
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), high paravertebral scale count (83 vs. 47–70) and unique colour pattern consisting of jet black dorsal coloration with golden mid-dorsal striations. It further differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Vogt" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[973,1148,228,249]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albodorsalis">
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<emphasis box="[973,1148,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O. albodorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1162,1318,228,249]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nototaenia">
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<emphasis box="[1162,1318,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O. nototaenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1332,1436,228,249]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sabini">
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<emphasis box="[1332,1436,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O. sabini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[827,980,259,280]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">
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<emphasis box="[827,980,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O. inornatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[997,1170,258,280]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterophilus">
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<emphasis box="[997,1170,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O. pterophilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Brongersma" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1236,1409,258,280]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="266" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venemai">
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<emphasis box="[1236,1262,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">O.</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis box="[1309,1409,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">venemai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having fused (vs. unfused) frontoparietals.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="46.[827,1443,346,1901]" lastBlockId="47.[145,761,197,1078]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis box="[827,1182,346,368]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">
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Description of the
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<typeStatus box="[1068,1175,346,367]" pageId="46" pageNumber="266">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
|
||
Rostral broad and shallow, wider than deep, projecting slightly onto top of snout; nasals more or less rectangular, separated by rostral and frontonasal contact, projecting anterodorsally onto dorsum of snout; nostril circular, centred within nasal; frontonasal large, with seven sides, extending laterally to slightly above the level of nares, not contacting frontal; prefrontals large, in shallow medial contact, bordered ventrolaterally by two loreals; supraoculars four, anterior two in contact with frontal, posterior three in contact with frontoparietals; frontal kite shaped, widest anteriorly, suture with frontoparietal shallowly convex; frontoparietal single, partially cleft by a suture on the posterior edge, in contact with frontal; interparietal smaller than fused frontoparietal, diamond shaped, widest anteriorly; parietal eye spot absent; parietals in contact behind interparietal, in contact anteriorly with frontoparietal, posteriormost supraocular and pretemporals; single pair of transversely enlarged nuchals, wider than long, separated from secondary temporal by a single smaller intercalated scale on the left side and two fragmented scales, possibly due to damage, on the right side. Anterior loreal similar in size to posterior loreal, higher than long; posterior loreal roughly as high as long; lower preocular wedge shaped; upper preocular much smaller, longer than high; presubocular single, slightly smaller than lower preocular; postsuboculars two, lower interdigitated between subocular supralabial and penultimate supralabial; lower eyelid scaly, moveable, with an opaque palpebral disc of roughly similar size as ear opening; supraciliaries eight, anteriormost not contacting frontal, posteriormost projecting medially and interdigitated between posteriormost supraocular and upper pretemporal; primary temporal single, interdigitated between penultimate and posteriormost supralabials; secondary temporals two, upper larger and overlapping lower; supralabials seven, fifth in contact with small scales of lower eyelid; postsupralabials two; ear opening moderate sized and oval, without lobules. Mental single; postmental single, contacting two anteriormost infralabials; infralabials six; enlarged chin shields four on left side and three on right side, the first right in medial contact with first and second left, second right narrowly separated by single medial scale from second and third left, third right separated by three medial scales from third and fourth left; posteriormost chin shield in contact with antepenultimate infralabial. Body scales smooth, in 37 rows at midbody; paravertebral scales 83; medial precloacal scales enlarged, overlapping lateral precloacals. Scales on dorsal surface of 4th toe in two rows proximally, single row distally beginning at third interphalangeal joint, four single scales; subdigital lamellae under 4th toe 18, smooth. In preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[454,536,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[401,1169,196,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-236@31.[401,1169,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22. Ornithuroscincus shearmani holotype (BPBM 47915), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530747/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal colour jet black, extending to tail, with medial dorsal golden striations extending posteriorly from occiput to tail, bordered laterally by fragmented golden stripes made up of thin spots one to two scale long; golden striations become less pronounced posteriorly on tail; dorsolateral stripes present as narrow (0.5 scale wide) unfragmented golden stripes extending from postorbital region to tail, bordered on both sides by parallel narrow golden striations, becoming less pronounced posteriorly on tail; flanks jet black, marked irregularly with multiple pale blue spots one scale wide; head scales dark brown to jet black, lighter brown on snout; anterior margins of head scales light brown to golden; labials dark brown at margins and pale blue or light brown in centre; ventral surfaces pale blue with dark brown blotches on chin and dark brown striations on chest, abdomen, thighs, precloacal region and tail, becoming more pronounced posteriorly; golden spots cover dorsal surfaces of limbs; palmar and plantar surfaces dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[145,761,1118,1355]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,298,1118,1140]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Colour in life:</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal surfaces dark brown to jet black, with medial golden striations extending posteriorly from occiput to tail, bordered laterally by fragmented pale yellow stripes made up of thin spots one to two scales long (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[287,366,1241,1263]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="25.[144,224,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-145@25.[145,1425,195,1499]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 16. Pictures in life of (A) Ornithuroscincus bengaun (holotype; BPBM 37741); (B) Ornithuroscincus pterophilus (holotype; BPBM 45705); (C) Ornithuroscincus sabini (BPBM 16761); (D) Ornithuroscincus shearmani (holotype; BPBM 47951); (E) Ornithuroscincus viridis (holotype; BPBM 44744). Images A, C by Fred Kraus, images B, D, E by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530735/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsolateral stripes pale yellow. Sides dark brown to jet black, marked irregularly with multiple pale yellow to white spots a single scale wide. Pale yellow spots cover dorsal surfaces of limbs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[145,761,1402,1455]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,271,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named in honour of Dr Phil Shearman, who collected the sole specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[145,761,1502,1616]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,291,1502,1523]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Known from a single population near the summit of Mt Suckling in the southern Owen Stanley Mts, at
|
||
<quantity box="[235,320,1563,1585]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.456" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="3456.0">3456 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., of which a single specimen was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[145,761,1664,1900]" lastBlockId="47.[809,1426,197,1353]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,354,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Natural history:</emphasis>
|
||
Our single collection, and all additional sightings of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[432,596,1694,1716]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[432,596,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">O. shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were from a small area on the south-eastern side of a large (
|
||
<emphasis box="[695,706,1726,1747]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">c</emphasis>
|
||
. 450 ha) grassy plateau above the tree line enclosed by ridges of Goë Denedeniwa, a peak within the main summit complex of Mt Suckling. The grasslands were dominated by two tussock-forming species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Hitchc.) Pirie & H. P. Linder" authorityName="Pirie & H. P. Linder" baseAuthorityName="Hitchc." box="[145,761,1878,1900]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chimaerochloa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="archboldii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,439,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Chimaerochloa archboldii</emphasis>
|
||
(Hitchc.) Pirie & H.P.Linder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ridl." authorityName="Ridl." box="[861,1165,197,219]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="klossii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[861,1098,197,218]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Deschampsia klossii</emphasis>
|
||
Ridl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and included pockets of a shrub,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="C. T. White & W. D. Francis" authorityName="C. T. White & W. D. Francis" box="[941,1424,228,250]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pentaphylacaceae" genus="Eurya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albiflora">
|
||
<emphasis box="[941,1122,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Eurya albiflora</emphasis>
|
||
C.T.White & W.D.Francis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[816,1027,258,280]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pentaphylacaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pentaphylacaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and scattered populations of the tree fern
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(C. Chr.) R. M. Tryon. The" authorityName="R. M. Tryon. The" baseAuthorityName="C. Chr." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cyatheaceae" genus="Alsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cyatheales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gleichenioides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[916,1191,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Alsophila gleichenioides</emphasis>
|
||
(C.Chr.) R.M.Tryon. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
area was drained by a small stream, with numerous adjacent bogs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[809,1426,197,1353]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
The lizards appeared to be confined to a small, dry, rocky area dominated by the woody ground creeper
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Sleumer" authorityName="Sleumer" box="[809,1195,442,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prostratum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,1083,443,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Vaccinium prostratum</emphasis>
|
||
Sleumer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and several small shrubs including
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1006,1287,473,494]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Acrothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaveolens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1006,1287,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Acrothamnus suaveolens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ridl." authorityName="Ridl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hypericaceae" genus="Hypericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papuanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Hypericum papuanum</emphasis>
|
||
Ridl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="W. R. B. Oliv." box="[1050,1419,503,525]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1050,1285,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Coprosma papuensis</emphasis>
|
||
W.R.B.Oliv.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[809,1426,197,1353]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">They were active for only a few hours each day, beginning at around 08:00–09:00 h, when the first sun reached the area. The temperature during the night generally dropped below -5°C and ground frosts were common. The ambient temperature when the lizards were initially active was only around 5–7°C, but the ground quickly warmed under direct sun. The lizards occurred mostly on scattered rocky outcrops and boulders and were occasionally seen on the ground. Although there appeared to be a wide expanse of suitable habitat along the margins of the plateau, the lizards were confined to this one area.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[809,1426,197,1353]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
We did not find any other species of amphibians and reptiles on the plateau or on the summit of Goë Denedeniwa. However, the monotreme
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Thomas, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Mammalia" family="Tachyglossidae" genus="Zaglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monotremata" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bartoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Zaglossus bartoni</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomas, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was common in bogs along the stream and wallabies were common in the grasslands. We occasionally saw tree kangaroos (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ramsay, 1883" authorityName="Ramsay" authorityYear="1883" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dendrolagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorianus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Dendrolagus dorianus</emphasis>
|
||
Ramsay, 1883
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), bandicoots and we found a skull of a quoll,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Schlegel, 1880" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityYear="1880" box="[980,1422,1117,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyuridae" genus="Dasyurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[980,1254,1117,1138]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Dasyurus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
Schlegel, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[809,1426,197,1353]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">The lizards were extremely wary and difficult to approach. This was a little surprising because the area is rarely visited by people. Although quolls are voracious predators, they tend to be nocturnal so are unlikely to prey upon the lizards. The bandicoot we observed was diurnal and is a possible but unlikely predator.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[809,1426,1383,1896]" lastBlockId="48.[163,779,197,434]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,1042,1384,1405]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
We estimate a population of ~50 individuals at the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1011,1060,1414,1435]" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. Another plateaeu with a similar habitat is located ~
|
||
<quantity box="[1108,1219,1445,1467]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 m</quantity>
|
||
lower in elevation than the topotypic site, but we were unable to survey it to determine if
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1018,1176,1506,1527]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1018,1176,1506,1527]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">O. shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs there as well. Thus, true population size and trend is unknown. It does not occur near any protected areas. However, the entire area around the collecting locality is wilderness for many kilometres, and human disturbance in this vast area is virtually unknown. The extremely dark pigmentation of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1008,1169,1690,1711]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1008,1169,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">O. shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only found in four other species with alpine distributions:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1294,1418,1721,1742]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Alpinoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1294,1418,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">A. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[809,965,1751,1773]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Alpinoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subalpinus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,965,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">A. subalpinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[978,1106,1751,1773]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Nubeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glacialis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[978,1106,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">N. glacialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1163,1293,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1163,1288,1751,1773]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Nubeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">N. stellaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This would suggest
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[904,1058,1782,1803]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[904,1058,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="267">O. shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an alpine specialist, endemic to the summit of Mt Suckling, and is unlikely to occur in lower elevations nearby. Therefore, global warming is likely to cause range contraction. However, this is also a remote location with few anthropogenic disturbances posing additional immediate threats. Further surveys on Mt Suckling are needed to fully assess its lower distributional boundaries, but since it likely only occurs in a single location, and climate change poses a viable future threat to its persistence, with little suitable habitat to escape to, we recommend assigning a status of Vulnerable D2 to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[603,755,412,433]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="48" pageNumber="268" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[603,755,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="268">O. shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |