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<document id="FA7FC11701E439D1160B51F3164490F6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13256886" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13256886" ID-ZooBank="D65ED7B5-6587-4D7F-992A-A0D99C64528D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1723049939232" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grootaert, Patrick" docDate="2018" docId="03E7879BFFF2FFDD6007F544FB9F4AFA" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.66.413-473.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A.5:RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Thinophilus evenhuisi Grootaert, 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="429" masterDocId="FFDEFFE3FFFDFFCD6102F233FFCD4E0F" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Thinophilus Wahlberg (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Singapore and adjacent regions: A long term study with a prudent reconciliation of a genetic to a classic morphological approach" masterLastPageNumber="473" masterPageNumber="413" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1723053617283" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C6FE523E9FCE24E88026249DB63F49F7">Revision of the genus Thinophilus Wahlberg (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Singapore and adjacent regions: A long term study with a prudent reconciliation of a genetic to a classic morphological approach</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="958C54D0F82C81C6FC10599DBD3864E4">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C409D18CC2EA99583FA8A0D0C4A46A2F">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1D3A200101A222DEFA2FBC5B48D5F36F">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E7879BFFF2FFDD6007F544FB9F4AFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E7879BFFF2FFDD6007F544FB9F4AFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E7879BFFF2FFDD6007F544FB9F4AFA" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFF2FFC26007F544FE3749A0" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC26007F544FD904980" blockId="15.[261,605,1911,1967]" box="[261,605,1911,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<heading id="D0B981E1FFF2FFC26007F544FD904980" box="[261,605,1911,1935]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D0EFFF2FFC26007F544FE334980" ID-CoL="8FFCB" authorityName="Grootaert" authorityYear="2018" box="[261,510,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Thinophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evenhuisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC26007F544FE334980" bold="true" box="[261,510,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Thinophilus evenhuisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957E4FFF2FFC26305F54BFD904980" box="[519,605,1912,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC26065F5A4FE3749A0" blockId="15.[261,605,1911,1967]" box="[359,506,1943,1967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">(Figs. 15, 16)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFF2FFC26173F5E4FC7F4A06" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC26173F5E4FF3B463F" blockId="15.[113,752,2007,2096]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC26173F5E4FE9F49E0" bold="true" box="[113,338,2007,2031]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B263CD0FFF2FFC26059F5E4FF3B463F" collectingDate="2005-09-12" collectionCode="LKCNHM" country="Singapore" location="Pulau Ubin" municipality="Chek Jawa" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54F5882FFFF2FFC26059F5E4FE7349E0" box="[347,446,2007,2031]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Male.
<collectingCountry id="F359761DFFF2FFC2630FF5EBFD6A49FF" box="[525,679,2008,2032]" name="Singapore" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8E916056FFF2FFC263B1F5E4FF644600" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E7879BFFF2FFDD6007F544FB9F4AFA:8E916056FFF2FFC263B1F5E4FF644600" country="Singapore" municipality="Chek Jawa" name="Pulau Ubin" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Pulau Ubin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95ACF7FFF2FFC261B6F5C4FEE14600" box="[180,300,2039,2063]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Chek Jawa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFF0104DFFF2FFC26035F5CBFDC74600" box="[311,522,2039,2064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" value="2005-09-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB4E9A5FFF2FFC26035F5CBFDC74600" box="[311,522,2039,2064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" value="2005-09-12">12 September 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, (reg. 25343, Si1040,
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE48FFF2FFC26170FA2BFF26463F" box="[114,235,2072,2096]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF151FAB54D95" blockId="15.[813,1451,866,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
Fig. 15.
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D0EFFF2FFC26289F151FBB44D75" authorityName="Grootaert" authorityYear="2018" box="[907,1145,866,890]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Thinophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evenhuisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC26289F151FBB44D75" box="[907,1145,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Thinophilus evenhuisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957E4FFF2FFC26583F151FB144D76" box="[1153,1241,866,889]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male. A, Antenna; B, Fore leg anteriorly; C, Mid femur; D, Hind femur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF1E2FC7F4A06" blockId="15.[813,1451,977,1033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<materialsCitation id="3B263CD0FFF2FFC2622FF1E2FC634A06" country="Singapore" location="SINGAPORE" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54F5882FFFF2FFC2622FF1E2FC544DE6" box="[813,921,977,1001]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F359761DFFF2FFC262A6F1E2FBF34DE6" box="[932,1086,977,1001]" name="Singapore" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D48FD04FFF2FFC2654BF1E2FB7F4DE6" box="[1097,1202,977,1001]" count="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
with same provenance as
<typeStatus id="54F5882FFFF2FFC2624FF1C2FC634A06" box="[845,942,1009,1033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFF2FFC2622FF602FC304A86" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF602FC304A86" blockId="15.[813,1452,1073,1161]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC2622FF602FC7F4A46" bold="true" box="[813,946,1073,1097]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is dedicated to Neal Evenhuis, with whom I started the study of the dolichopodid fauna in
<collectingCountry id="F359761DFFF2FFC2622CF642FC574A86" box="[814,922,1137,1161]" name="Singapore" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Singapore</collectingCountry>
in 2000.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFF2FFDD622FF682FC2F4A5A" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF682FBEF4BE6" blockId="15.[811,1453,1201,1513]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC2622FF682FC6C4AC6" bold="true" box="[813,929,1201,1225]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A small species with 4 almost equally strong dc. Fore coxa yellow with short pale bristling anteriorly and at tip. All trochanters yellow. Fore femur with 2 very long, black bristles near middle (twice as long as femur is deep; sometimes a third brown or pale bristle towards base). Mid femur with a strong ventral bristle near middle. Hind femur with a row of long ventral bristles in basal half. Postpedicel dorsally and at tip brown, rest yellow. Apical tarsal segments of all legs brown. Epandrium about ¼ length of abdomen. Cerci yellowish white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF422FAAB4827" blockId="15.[813,1382,1553,1577]" box="[813,1382,1553,1577]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC2622FF422FCA04826" bold="true" box="[813,877,1553,1577]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Male.</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="4CB69B68FFF2FFC26501F422FBA54827" box="[1027,1128,1553,1577]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="2.29">2.29 mm</quantity>
; wing length
<quantity id="4CB69B68FFF2FFC265FCF422FAAF4827" box="[1278,1378,1553,1577]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="2.11">2.11 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFC2622FF462FC744966" blockId="15.[811,1452,1617,1897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC2622FF462FCAB4866" box="[813,870,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Head</emphasis>
. Frons and face with shining dark metallic green ground colour. Face wide, at its narrowest point near middle, as wide as third antennal segment is long. Clypeus a little protruding. Palpus yellow with pale brown hairs. Postcranium slightly concave, shining dark metallic green. 2 long, diverging ocellars; 2 long (only slightly) shorter, converging verticals, pointing forward; no postocellars; 2 distinct postverticals. Postoculars black and uniseriate above (56), longer and white below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFF2FFDD622FF5A2FA5D4F5A" blockId="15.[813,1453,1937,2089]" lastBlockId="16.[835,1476,189,341]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFF2FFC2622FF5A2FC4A49A7" box="[813,903,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">Antenna</emphasis>
(Fig. 15A) yellow, but first and second segment and third segment dorsally and with tip brownish black. Inner protuberance of second segment brown, outer one with lateral margin black; second segment with dorsal and slightly longer ventral bristles. Third segment about as long
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F28EFC6F4EDA" box="[835,930,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Mid leg.</emphasis>
Coxa with a short, pale exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 15C) swollen in basal half, near middle with 3 brown to black ventral bristles nearly as long as femur is wide. No anterior preapical. Tibia with an ad on basal quarter and a longer pd near middle; crown of short, apical bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F34EFB284C3A" blockId="16.[835,1476,381,566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F34EFC6B4F9A" box="[835,934,381,405]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Hind leg.</emphasis>
Coxa with a tiny, pale exterior bristle. Femur (Fig. 15B) ventrally straight, dorsally swollen in basal half. In basal half with 4 brown to black ventral bristles as long as femur is wide. No dorsal, no anterior preapical bristles; just a small preapical pv. Tibia with a tiny dorsal near middle and a stronger preapical dorsal bristle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F06DFB144D1A" blockId="16.[834,1476,605,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F06DFCB64C7A" box="[835,891,606,629]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Wing</emphasis>
clear. Veins brownish, hardly paler near base. Apical part of M
<subScript id="17CA34C8FFEDFFDD62A6F0BAFC714C98" attach="none" box="[932,956,649,663]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">1+2</subScript>
practically straight; tip of R
<subScript id="17CA34C8FFEDFFDD65D9F0BAFB3E4C98" attach="left" box="[1243,1267,649,663]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">4+5</subScript>
slightly converging with M
<subScript id="17CA34C8FFEDFFDD6291F09AFC614CB8" attach="right" box="[915,940,681,695]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">1+2</subScript>
. Wing boss present at about one Tp length from Tp. Apical part of M
<subScript id="17CA34C8FFEDFFDD652BF0FAFB8C4CD8" attach="left" box="[1065,1089,713,727]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">3+4</subScript>
, 1.5 times as long as tp. Anal vein dark brown at its base, apical half not indicated. Haltere white. Squama white, with pale cilia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F10EFF284A60" blockId="16.[835,1475,829,1013]" lastBlockId="16.[136,776,1047,1135]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F10EFC614D5A" box="[835,940,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Abdomen</emphasis>
with a shining metallic green ground-colour. Tergites covered with short black bristles and somewhat longer marginals (those at side of first tergum longest). Sternum 1 sclerotised. All sternites with fine, white hairs (longer than those on tergites). Surstyli and genital capsule (Fig. 16) brown; cerci yellowish white, dorsally not fused. Fig. 16.
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D0EFFEDFFDD61E0F624FE004A20" authorityName="Grootaert" authorityYear="2018" box="[226,461,1047,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Thinophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evenhuisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD61E0F624FE004A20" box="[226,461,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Thinophilus evenhuisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957E4FFEDFFDD60D6F62BFDE54A20" box="[468,552,1048,1071]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male. A, Epandrium ventrally; B, Epandrium and cercus laterally; C, Cerci dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD618AF694FE744AF1" blockId="16.[136,774,1190,1279]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">as wide, apically rounded, truncate. Arista dorsal, 2.53 times as long as antenna, black, shortly pubescent; basal aristal segment short, black.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD618AF715FD244BD1" blockId="16.[134,776,1318,1502]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD618AF715FF184B31" box="[136,213,1318,1342]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Thorax</emphasis>
and scutellum shining dark metallic green; no dull black spots as far as can be seen in alcohol. No acr; 4 almost equally long dc (anterior shortest, posterior longest), preceded by a few tiny hairs. Scutellum with 2 marginals, without a minute lateral hairs at outer side. 1 upper and 2 lower, short (shorter than fore coxa is wide) pale propleural bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD618AF434FED44871" blockId="16.[136,775,1542,1662]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD618AF434FF774811" box="[136,186,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Legs</emphasis>
yellow with most hairs and bristles black. Fore coxa completely yellow, mid and hind coxae black. Legs with apical 3 tarsomeres completely darkened; tarsomere 5 almost black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD618AF494FD924611" blockId="16.[135,777,1702,2079]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD618AF494FF2348B1" box="[136,238,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Fore leg.</emphasis>
Coxa with short pale (yellowish) anteriorly and apically (not the usual long black bristles). Femur (Fig. 15B) swollen in basal third, apically slender with a row of ventral bristles: near middle with 23 long, black ventral bristles, about twice as long as femur is wide and one or two short, pale bristle near base. In apical third with a few, pale, brown av. A single, short brown preapical pv. Tibia without dorsal but a tiny pd on basal quarter; in basal 2/3 with an anteroventral row of tiny bristles, not as long as tibia is wide; ventrally without bristles. First tarsomere ventrally with only short bristling. Apical pair of bristles on tarsomeres very short (shorter than tarsomere is wide).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F62EFC2F4A5A" blockId="16.[835,1474,1053,1109]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F62EFC504A3A" bold="true" box="[835,925,1053,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Female.</emphasis>
Similar to male but lacking the long ventral bristles on the femora.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFEDFFDD6241F64EFA6B4ABA" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F64EFA6B4ABA" blockId="16.[835,1475,1149,1205]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F64EFC7F4A9A" bold="true" box="[835,946,1149,1173]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Remarks.</emphasis>
This small species should be compared with
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D0EFFEDFFDD64AFF64DFC4E4ABA" authorityName="Grootaert" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Thinophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD64AFF64DFC4E4ABA" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">T. minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957E4FFEDFFDD628EF6ADFC2F4ABA" box="[908,994,1182,1205]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The differences can be found in the key.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546506FFEDFFDD6241F6EEFB9F4AFA" box="[835,1106,1245,1269]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF1368DFFEDFFDD6241F6EEFB9F4AFA" blockId="16.[835,1106,1245,1269]" box="[835,1106,1245,1269]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="B93AEA9FFFEDFFDD6241F6EEFC1B4AFA" bold="true" box="[835,982,1245,1269]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F359761DFFEDFFDD62DCF6EEFB834AFA" box="[990,1102,1245,1269]" name="Singapore" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Singapore</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>