302 lines
34 KiB
XML
302 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="85CB2C1819B8A9845C681421257C65D4" ID-CLB-Dataset="160070" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6aa6dacd-1e74-46ac-a345-2fc691f92608" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154442" ID-ZooBank="96B016A1-5D9B-4013-9F9D-597A6C2FC277" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665090774762" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Worthy, Robert, González, Jorge M. & Zilli, Alberto" docDate="2022" docId="03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5194.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5194 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Castnia papilionaris" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="FFDE1B1AFFE3102214507809FFACF97F" masterDocTitle="A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="332" updateTime="1699388669752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C972B6058C8AD139984EE6079D56E02D">
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<mods:title id="95D5094935A99747434D86BE25C26599">A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J. Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="873A63D4E356F1A3FCE072D2CCDE7B64" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6400A924A2C95E466A305A2CE15447BF">Worthy, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="506150C24F523D1D948251570831EDE3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0879-6472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="63570ADD09E8453C2A7584359BFAE6F0">10 The Hill, Church Hill, Caterham, Surrey CR 3 6 SD, U. K. castnia @ btopenworld. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0879 - 6472 Austin Achieve Public Schools, Austin, Texas, (Research Associate, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4F52B43E2D58026E6884B444D6D54FE" type="email">castnia@btopenworld.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A1699C2E6D0748A231A68B493C069E1B">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C526374122AF5E528B82AAC2F0FEEF54">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="89F934A0B625CC70D9B068D4037C811A">Zilli, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5733177820EDFDB83711FA567998DCAE">Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="67CB231211EC2A9A4DEB97CA37351672">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8814C0FE3F6689ADA47EFD0AD6B9850B">
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<mods:date id="F6811B35E23D2A312AB497EBEC49A39C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="40E8AA93255110F54634DEEFE70BEEAC">2022-10-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B6C0DCF56ACBC2D611CB3774004A8508">5194</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7157416" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202149936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7157416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14C77AA1FE57FBBD" box="[151,507,680,707]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14C77AA1FE57FBBD" blockId="31.[151,507,680,743]" box="[151,507,680,707]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<heading id="D0B96518FFFC103D14C77AA1FE57FBBD" bold="true" box="[151,507,680,707]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D14C77AA1FE57FBBD" ID-CoL="967L8" authority="(Walker, [1865])" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,507,680,707]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14C77AA1FE57FBBD" bold="true" box="[151,507,680,707]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14C77AA1FE84FBBC" bold="true" box="[151,296,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">papilionaris</emphasis>
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(Walker, [1865])
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14C77AC5FE98FA37" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14C77AC5FED2FB98" blockId="31.[151,507,680,743]" box="[151,382,716,743]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFFC103D14CF7AC5FE88FB98" box="[159,292,716,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1412,1436]" captionTargetBox="[395,1183,279,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-65@17.[393,1193,270,1386]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Figures A, B: Amauta papilionaris amethystina (Houlbert, 1917): A, ♂, Panama, ex OberthÜr, dissected by J.Y. Miller, NHMUK010474233 (NHMUK); B, ♂, Costa Rica, Provincia de Limón, Limón, Nicholas Zakharoff gift (CAS). Figures C–H: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): C, ♂ HT (from Westwood, 1887). D, ♂ HT, Bogota, [Colombia], BMNH(E)806993 (NHMUK); E, ♂, Merida, Ven[ezuela], (Briceno), NHMUK010474234 (NHMUK); F, ♀, Via Chorro del Indio, 1200, IV-82, CR, crepuscular last p.m. (coll. CFR); G, ♀, W Columb[ia], Rio Dagua, 600–1000m, W. Hopp S, ex Joicey, NHMUK010474231 (NHMUK); H, ♀ HT, ambatensis (Houlbert, 1917), Ecuador, Hacienda Macháy, Paroisse Baños, Canton Pillaro, Province Ambato, Vallée du Pastaza, (J. Stolzmann), NHMUK010474227 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154458/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Figs. 8C–H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFFC103D15607AC4FED9FB98" box="[304,373,717,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1425,1449]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,191,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[380,1208,179,1399]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. A–D: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): A, ♂ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474229 (NHMUK); B, ♀ ST, velutina (Houlbert, 1917), D’un envoi fait de Guayaquil, par Erich Feyer à Carl Zacher d’Erfurt, saisi en mer par le vapeur italien “Sienna” et vendu à Toulon par le service des prises le 7-10-1915 en exécution du décret du 18-3-1915, ex Oberthür, NHMUK010474230 (NHMUK); C, ♂, Pozuzu, Huanuco, 800–1000 m (W. Hoffmanns), NHMUK010605257 (PLT of affinis) (NHMUK); D, ♀, Tingo Maria, Huanuco, Peru, October 2009 (coll. RW). E–G: Amauta papilionaris lionela Lamas, 1995: E, ♂ LT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Songo, Bol[ivia], Garl[epp], NHMUK010605256 (NHMUK); F, ♂ PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605254 (NHMUK); G, ♀, PLT, affinis Rothschild, 1919, Yahuarmayo, S.E. Peru, 1200ft, Febr. Mrch. 1912, (H. & C. Watkins), NHMUK010605255 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154460/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">9A–D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14C77B18FE98FA37" blockId="31.[151,1436,785,840]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D14F27B18FE2DFA56" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[162,385,785,809]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">CASTNIA PAPILIONARIS</taxonomicName>
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.” Walker, [1865],
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D166C7B1BFA30FA56" box="[572,1436,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum,</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977B26FF4CFA38" bold="true" box="[199,224,815,839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">31</emphasis>
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: 42–43.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14C77B7FFC6AFD87" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14C77B7FFBEAFACB" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14C77B7FFEE6FAF0" bold="true" box="[151,330,885,912]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Type material:</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D15037B7FFBEEFACB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371342" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="From Mr. Stevens'" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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Walker ([1865]) lists only
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<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D16D57B7FFC8DFAEF" box="[645,801,886,912]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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“
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<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D17647B7FFBA0FAEF" box="[820,1036,886,912]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">From Mr. Stevens’</collectorName>
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collection”, which is therefore the
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFFC103D14C77B93FF55FACB" box="[151,249,922,948]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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by monotypy of this taxon. The
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFFC103D16387B93FD61FACB" box="[616,717,922,948]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, a male, is in
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<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFFC103D17367B93FC7CFACB" box="[870,976,922,948]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFFC103D178F7B93FB95FACB" box="[991,1081,922,948]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1412,1436]" captionTargetBox="[395,1183,279,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-65@17.[393,1193,270,1386]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Figures A, B: Amauta papilionaris amethystina (Houlbert, 1917): A, ♂, Panama, ex OberthÜr, dissected by J.Y. Miller, NHMUK010474233 (NHMUK); B, ♂, Costa Rica, Provincia de Limón, Limón, Nicholas Zakharoff gift (CAS). Figures C–H: Amauta papilionaris papilionaris (Walker, [1865]): C, ♂ HT (from Westwood, 1887). D, ♂ HT, Bogota, [Colombia], BMNH(E)806993 (NHMUK); E, ♂, Merida, Ven[ezuela], (Briceno), NHMUK010474234 (NHMUK); F, ♀, Via Chorro del Indio, 1200, IV-82, CR, crepuscular last p.m. (coll. CFR); G, ♀, W Columb[ia], Rio Dagua, 600–1000m, W. Hopp S, ex Joicey, NHMUK010474231 (NHMUK); H, ♀ HT, ambatensis (Houlbert, 1917), Ecuador, Hacienda Macháy, Paroisse Baños, Canton Pillaro, Province Ambato, Vallée du Pastaza, (J. Stolzmann), NHMUK010474227 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154458/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977BB7FEADFA83" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977BB7FEC2FAA8" bold="true" box="[199,366,957,984]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Type locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D15297BB7FF51FA83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371380" country="Colombia" location="The" municipality="This" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bogota" typeStatus="holotype">
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<location id="8E9184AFFFFC103D15297BB7FE09FAA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47:8E9184AFFFFC103D15297BB7FE09FAA7" box="[377,421,958,984]" country="Colombia" municipality="This" name="The" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Bogota">The</location>
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original description gives “
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<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFFC103D16BD7BB7FCE8FAA7" box="[749,836,958,984]" country="Colombia" name="Bogota" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Bogota</collectingRegion>
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,”
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<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D170F7BB7FC7DFAA7" box="[863,977,958,984]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B95480EFFFC103D17B07BB7FBBEFAA7" box="[992,1042,958,984]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">This</collectingMunicipality>
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is confirmed by the label on the
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<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFFC103D14C77BEBFF51FA83" box="[151,253,994,1020]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977C0CFD7FFD5F" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" box="[199,723,1029,1056]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977C0CFE0DFD5F" bold="true" box="[199,417,1029,1056]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Taxonomic status:</emphasis>
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A valid species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D16257C0FFD60FD5F" authorityName="Houlbert" authorityYear="1918" box="[629,716,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Amauta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D16257C0FFD60FD5F" box="[629,716,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Amauta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977C23FC6AFD87" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977C23FED4FD3C" bold="true" box="[199,376,1065,1092]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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: (
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<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFFC103D15C47C23FE42FD3B" box="[404,494,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1170,1194]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,185,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[201,1385,179,1145]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Genitalia drawings. A: ♂ Amauta procera (coll. RW); B: ♂ A. cacica (coll. RW); C: ♂ A. angusta (coll. RW); D: ♂ A. papilionaris amethystina (NHMUK); E: ♂ A. p. papilionaris (coll. RW); F: ♂ A. p. lionela (coll. RW); G: ♂ Vadina h. hodeei (NHMUK); H: ♂ V. h. kruegeri (coll. RW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154450/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
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) Uncus simple with wide and round almost pointed apex. Gnathos moderately sclerotised, bifid anteriad. Cucullus and valvula almost quadrate, slightly rounded apically. Valvae are short and wide with ventral margin sharply cut. Sacculus projected and continues with the arms of the saccus. Phallus curved, its distal section three times the length of coecum, narrowed beyond junction with this, then straight, with subterminal portion enlarged and barely or incompletely contorted. Apex of phallus with a terminal, sclerotised section. The vesica opens to left proximad to distal sclerotised termination of phallus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14977D08FE77FCF7" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977D08FE77FCF7" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977D08FECFFC64" bold="true" box="[199,355,1281,1307]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Venezuelan specimens are known from Mérida and Táchira states.The only Colombian specimens we have seen with precise data are from Boyacá department. We have also seen specimens from the Rio Magdalena and Rio Dagua. It is also found throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D16DC7D43FD45FC1B" box="[652,745,1354,1380]" name="Ecuador" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D10427D43FBE9FC1B" box="[1042,1093,1354,1380]" name="Peru" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
as far south as Chanchamayo (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFFC103D14CF7D67FF71FCF7" box="[159,221,1390,1416]" country="Peru" name="Junin" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Junín</collectingRegion>
|
||
department) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375CEF1FFFC103D152B7D67FE62FCF7" box="[379,462,1390,1416]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[360,1225,562,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-200@33.[360,1227,558,1539]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distribution map of all known collecting localities of Amauta papilionaris, sspp. amethystina (blue circles), papilionaris (red squares) and lionela (yellow stars). The black triangle is the type locality of ambatensis, the black star is the type locality of affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154474/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14977D98FDE8FF1F" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977D98FDE8FF1F" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977D98FEE3FCD4" bold="true" box="[199,335,1425,1451]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
The nominotypical subspecies has always been considered to be confined to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D108F7D9BFAE1FCD3" box="[1247,1357,1426,1452]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
where it appears to be very rare and is only known from old specimens. It is replaced to the north in Panama by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D11217DBFFE4DFC8B" authority="(Houlbert, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="papilionaris" subSpecies="amethystina">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14C77DD3FEB2FC8B" box="[151,286,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">amethystina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFAF85FFFC103D157D7DD3FE75FC8B" author="Houlbert, C." box="[301,473,1498,1524]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" pagination="49 - 87" refId="ref29614" refString="Houlbert, C. (1917) Diagnoses de Castnies nouvelles et rectification de quelques noms indument employes. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 13, 49 - 87, pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1917">Houlbert, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is also very rare. The very few specimens known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D10CA7DD3FAA1FC8B" box="[1178,1293,1498,1524]" name="Venezuela" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
appear to be intermediate but are probably referable to
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D16217DF6FCBAFF67" box="[625,790,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
|
||
p.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D16DD7DF7FCBAFF67" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[653,790,1534,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilionaris">papilionaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D17F87DF7FBAEFF67" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[936,1026,1534,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D17F87DF7FBAEFF67" box="[936,1026,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D10BC7DF7FAE5FF67" box="[1260,1353,1534,1560]" name="Ecuador" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
but we can see no justification for this subspecific separation (see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D17737E2BFCD1FF43" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[803,893,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D17737E2BFCD1FF43" box="[803,893,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). We also extend the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D109D7E2BFA8BFF43" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1229,1319,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D109D7E2BFA8BFF43" box="[1229,1319,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to include northern and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D15D07E4FFE1FFF1F" box="[384,435,1606,1632]" name="Peru" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D15BE7E4FFD98FF1F" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[494,564,1606,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D15BE7E4FFD98FF1F" box="[494,564,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35481FFFFFC103D14977E60FE52FE47" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D274FFFC103D14977E60FE52FE47" blockId="31.[151,1437,885,1848]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D14977E60FE1EFFFC" bold="true" box="[199,434,1641,1667]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D15E77E63FDD9FFD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371361" collectorName="As" country="Venezuela" location="VENEZUELA" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D15E77E63FDA0FFFB" box="[439,524,1642,1668]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D16107E63FD06FFFB" box="[576,682,1642,1668]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
were examined for this study.
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D17A97E63FBB4FFFB" box="[1017,1048,1642,1668]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">As</collectorName>
|
||
well as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F56CD6FFFC103D10C97E63FB52FFFB" box="[1177,1278,1642,1668]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the following specimens were examined:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D159A7E87FDD9FFD7" box="[458,629,1678,1704]" name="Venezuela" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D162E7E87FC54FFD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371438" box="[638,1016,1678,1704]" collectionCode="NMHUK" collectorName="Briceno" country="Venezuela" location="Merida" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Merida" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D162E7E87FD0DFFD7" box="[638,673,1678,1704]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFFC103D16F87E87FD50FFD7" box="[680,764,1678,1704]" country="Venezuela" name="Merida" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Merida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D175E7E87FCC6FFD7" box="[782,874,1678,1704]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Briceño</collectorName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFFC103D17D07E87FC5DFFD7" box="[896,1009,1678,1704]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">NMHUK</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D10537E87FE67FFB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371369" collectorName="C. Felder" country="Venezuela" elevation="1200" location="Via Chorro del Indio" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Merida" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D10537E87FB8AFFD7" box="[1027,1062,1678,1704]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFFC103D107C7E87FAB9FFD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47:8E9184AFFFFC103D107C7E87FAB9FFD7" box="[1068,1301,1678,1704]" country="Venezuela" name="Via Chorro del Indio" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Merida">Via Chorro del Indio</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB67F91FFFC103D11707E87FADAFFD7" box="[1312,1398,1678,1704]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00633547FFFC103D11707E87FADAFFD7" box="[1312,1398,1678,1704]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, V- [19]82,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D14A07EBBFE8CFFB3" box="[240,288,1714,1740]" name="C. Felder" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">C.F.</collectorName>
|
||
R., crepuscular
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D15867EBBFC7EFFB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371373" box="[470,978,1714,1740]" collectionCode="CFR" collectorName="C. Felder" country="Colombia" elevation="1200" location="Via Chorro del Indio" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Merida" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D15867EBBFE55FFB3" box="[470,505,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D16507EBBFD9AFFB3" box="[512,566,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">idem</emphasis>
|
||
V-[19]82 7pm (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFFC103D16BB7EBBFC8AFFB3" box="[747,806,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">CFR</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D17687EBBFC7EFFB3" box="[824,978,1714,1740]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D178C7EBBFB1AFFB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371487" box="[988,1206,1714,1740]" collectorName="Rio" country="Colombia" location="Magdalena" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Magdalena" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D178C7EBBFC53FFB3" box="[988,1023,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D10567EBBFB82FFB3" box="[1030,1070,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Rio</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A1C96FFFC103D10667EBBFB1AFFB3" box="[1078,1206,1714,1740]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D10917EBBFD92FF8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371433" collectorName="W Hopp" country="Colombia" elevation="800" location="Rio Dagua" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D10917EBBFB4AFFB3" box="[1217,1254,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D10A27EBBFAB9FFB3" box="[1266,1301,1714,1740]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFFC103D114D7EBBFA34FFB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47:8E9184AFFFFC103D114D7EBBFA34FFB3" box="[1309,1432,1714,1740]" country="Colombia" name="Rio Dagua" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Rio Dagua</location>
|
||
, W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D14EF7EDFFE9CFF8F" box="[191,304,1750,1776]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB67F91FFFC103D156D7EDFFE65FF8F" box="[317,457,1750,1776]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="600.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00633547FFFC103D156D7EDFFE65FF8F" box="[317,457,1750,1776]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="600.0">600–1000m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D15897EDFFD92FF8F" box="[473,574,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">W Hopp</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D161B7EDFFBDCFF8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371331" box="[587,1136,1750,1776]" collectionCode="NMHUK" collectorName="Smith & Druce" country="Grenada" location="Grenada" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D161B7EDFFDC2FF8F" box="[587,622,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
N.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35992E4FFFC103D16CB7EDFFD51FF8F" box="[667,765,1750,1776]" name="Grenada" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D177C7EDFFCDEFF8F" box="[812,882,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Smith</collectorName>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D17F27EDFFC4AFF8F" box="[930,998,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Druce</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFFC103D17A77EDFFBC4FF8F" box="[1015,1128,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">NMHUK</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D102D7EDFFE51FE6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371379" country="Grenada" location="Ovalles" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D102D7EDFFB0CFF8F" box="[1149,1184,1750,1776]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
F.
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFFC103D10967EDFFAB0FF8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47:8E9184AFFFFC103D10967EDFFAB0FF8F" box="[1222,1308,1750,1776]" country="Grenada" name="Ovalles" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Ovalles</location>
|
||
[this is the name of the collector/supplier]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D165C7EF3FD8DFE6B" box="[524,545,1786,1812]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, F. Johnson;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D829FFFC103D16EF7EF3FE5BFE47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921371313" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Muzo, F & We" country="Grenada" location="Johnson" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4819FDFFFC103D16EF7EF3FD5BFE6B" box="[703,759,1786,1812]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D17527EF3FCC9FE6B" box="[770,869,1786,1812]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Muzo, F</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8E9184AFFFFC103D17237EF3FC63FE6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76362FFFC103D14C77AA1FE52FE47:8E9184AFFFFC103D17237EF3FC63FE6B" box="[883,975,1786,1812]" country="Grenada" name="Johnson" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">Johnson</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F4AB1FFFC103D17B17EF3FB91FE6B" box="[993,1085,1786,1812]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="26BBB7A2FFFC103D10027EF3FBDBFE6B" box="[1106,1143,1786,1812]" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">We</collectorName>
|
||
have also studied all the specimens listed under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA9F7FFFC103D15CD7F17FE5BFE47" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[413,503,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0E66FFFC103D15CD7F17FE5BFE47" box="[413,503,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="332">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |