1267 lines
153 KiB
XML
1267 lines
153 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="62515D2B2CC9C4C1B976299DA85B53FF">Phylogenetic systematics of day geckos, genus Phelsuma, based on molecular and morphological data (Squamata: Gekkonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7BF94FCD506A6AD22BB413F5A03E5B43">Rocha, Sara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="75BD1C79EF7B3368C582931E84CDFC8F">Rösler, Herbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="13C65EEF92703671DC94D74365A7FCF8">Gehring, Philip-Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8EB9DC1BD1CD87D46FADB4C4C8311011">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="688CFEE0278F9D942F1ADC27E5A13E34">Posada, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B66825F2BD936EF34A2BF30CB60593BC">Harris, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F7C42A1B906CC9681B10E204853994C">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B28EF24CAE0A67CDF1F05994E7F6949F">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E8938D9884CC1B3726582CB630A51B34">2429</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="618D44A06469ED1BFBF672F0ABFAF79F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.194693</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E487B6FFA8FFD0D5CB95C1FDACFDE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5615793" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119384234" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5615793" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487B6FFA8FFD0D5CB95C1FDACFDE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487B6FFA8FFD0D5CB95C1FDACFDE4" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="C357652BFFA8FFCBD5CB95C1FDDCF889" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFA8FFCBD5CB95C1FE4DF96A" blockId="13.[151,597,1762,1823]" box="[151,452,1762,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0BA81CCFFA8FFCBD5CB95C1FE4DF96A" bold="true" box="[151,452,1762,1789]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFA8FFCBD5CB95C1FEF8F96B" box="[151,369,1763,1789]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFA8FFCBD5CB95C1FEF8F96B" bold="true" box="[151,369,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phelsuma astriata</emphasis>
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group
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFA8FFCBD5CB9427FDDCF889" blockId="13.[151,597,1762,1823]" box="[151,597,1797,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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(contains
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFA8FFCBD4569424FE08F889" box="[266,385,1798,1823]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFA8FFCBD4569424FE08F889" box="[266,385,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. astriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFA8FFCBD4E79424FDC2F889" box="[443,587,1798,1823]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundbergi">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFA8FFCBD4E79424FDC2F889" box="[443,587,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. sundbergi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<subSubSection id="C357652BFFA8FFD5D5CB9472FDE2F846" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFA8FFC8D5CB9472FE74FEB4" blockId="13.[151,1436,1872,2010]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,402]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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These two species form a small endemic radiation on the
|
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<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFA8FFCBD66A9472FC3AF8FC" box="[822,947,1872,1898]" name="Seychelles" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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islands and various subspecies have been described for both. Variation within this Seychellois group was studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFA8FFCBD1779457FB5DF819" author="Cheke" box="[1067,1236,1909,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="26" refString="Cheke, A. S. (1982) Phelsuma Gray 1825 in the Seychelles and neighboring islands: A re-appraisal of their taxonomy and description of two new forms. Senckenbergiana biologica, 62, 181 - 198." type="journal article" year="1982">Cheke (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFA8FFCBD1BE9457FA1EF819" author="Gardner" box="[1250,1431,1909,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="26" refString="Gardner, A. S. (1984) The evolutionary ecology and population systematics of day geckos (Phelsuma) in the Seychelles. Unpublished Ph. D Thesis, University of Aberdeen." type="book" year="1984">Gardner (1984</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFA8FFCBD5CB94B9FF5DF823" author="Gardner" box="[151,212,1947,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="26" refString="Gardner, A. S. (1986) Morphological evolution in the day gecko Phelsuma sundbergi in the Seychelles: A multivariate study. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 29, 223 - 244." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFA8FFCBD5BC94B9FE97F823" author="Gardner" box="[224,286,1947,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="26" refString="Gardner, A. S. (1987) The systematics of the Phelsuma madagascariensis species group of day geckos (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) in the Seychelles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 91, 93 - 105." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
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||
), and more recently, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFA8FFCBD76594B9FD7DF823" author="Radtkey" box="[569,756,1947,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" refString="Radtkey, R. (1996) Adaptive radiation of day-geckos (Phelsuma) in the Seychelles Archipelago: A phylogenetic analysis. Evolution, 50, 604 - 623." type="journal article" year="1996">Radtkey (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. The available molecular data, nuclear and mitochondrial, is unambiguous in supporting monophyly of this group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFA8FFCBD67094E2FCFCF84C" box="[812,885,1984,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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||
: clade H), which furthermore was recovered in single-gene analyses of all genes except C-
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D7CF93BAFD4BFF27" box="[659,706,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">mos</emphasis>
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, where differentiation relative to other species in clade E (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFABFFC8D5CB939FFF52FF41" box="[151,219,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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) is very low. The mitochondrial and combined analyses indicate that, possibly,
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D1DD939FFA08FF40" box="[1153,1409,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D1DD939FFA08FF40" box="[1153,1409,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Phelsuma vanheygeni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the sister species of the Seychellois clade and may be in the future included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D1C893C0FA9AFF6D" box="[1172,1299,226,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D1C893C0FA9AFF6D" box="[1172,1299,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. astriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (see section on this species below).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFABFFC8D59A920FFBBAFE04" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
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Species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D428920FFDC2FED0" box="[372,587,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
|
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D428920FFDC2FED0" box="[372,587,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Phelsuma astriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
group are all green coloured with a weak dorsal pattern and no or only weak dorsal or lateral lines, keeled dorsalia and lateralia, size-reduced vertebral scales, and are non-gluers, but otherwise appear to be quite variable in morphological characters (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CF031BFFABFFC8D6F8925AFBACFE04" box="[932,1061,376,402]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,242,151,175]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,239,725,749]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,426,1746]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Body size, colour characters and egg-laying behaviour of recognized Phelsuma species and subspecies. Abbreviations: TL, maximum total length; SVL, maximum snout-vent length (both in mm). Colour is coded as follows: green, predominant colour green or blue; grey, predominant colour grey or brown (not green); interm., intermediate or mixed colour. Pattern: strong, contrast of main pattern compared with ground colour strong respectively weak, or intermediate. Stripes: tendency of dorsal or dorsolateral stripes present, absent, or intermediate; elongated patches on head, neck and lower back not considered as stripes. Lateral stripes: dark lateral / sublateral stripes present, absent or weak. Phelsuma can either glue their eggs to the substrate (+) or not (-). Missing data are represented by question marks (?)." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Selected scale characters in species and subspecies of day geckos. Abbreviations: SL, number of supralabials" httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid-0="DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<caption id="DF326628FFABFFC8D5CB9522FA82F9E1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" targetPageId="14">
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFABFFC8D5CB9522FA82F9E1" blockId="14.[151,1436,1536,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D5CB9522FE96F98E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1536,1560]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
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Molecular phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D7399523FCB8F98E" box="[613,817,1537,1560]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D7399523FCB8F98E" box="[613,817,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Phelsuma astriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (clade H) the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D1409523FA89F98E" box="[1052,1280,1537,1560]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D1409523FA89F98E" box="[1052,1280,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, and
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D0D49523FE98F9AE" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
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<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D0D49523FE98F9AE" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. vanheygeni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D6149503FC09F9AE" box="[840,896,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations.
|
||
</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFABFFC8D5CB95E2FE27F8B5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<table id="F94DC400FFAB0039D5CB95E2FA15F8B5" box="[151,1436,1728,1827]" gridcols="12" gridrows="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<tr id="357D34E2FFAB0039D5CB95E2FA15F94C" box="[151,1436,1728,1754]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D5CB95E2FDFFF94C" box="[151,630,1728,1754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D5CB95E2FDB6F94C" bold="true" box="[151,575,1728,1754]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D5CB95E2FE67F94C" box="[151,494,1728,1754]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D5CB95E2FE67F94C" bold="true" box="[151,494,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Phelsuma madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D34E2FFAB0039D5CB95C1FA15F96B" box="[151,1436,1763,1789]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D5CB95C1FDFFF96B" box="[151,630,1763,1789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
(contains
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D45295C1FDFFF96A" box="[270,630,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D45295C1FE6FF96A" box="[270,486,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">Phelsuma abbotti</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D4AF95C1FDF9F96A" box="[499,624,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D72295C1FD1DF96B" box="[638,660,1763,1789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D72295C1FD1DF96A" box="[638,660,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D7C095C1FD73F96B" box="[668,762,1763,1789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D7C095C1FD73F96A" box="[668,762,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D7C095C1FD7DF96A" box="[668,756,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">guttata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D65E95C1FC90F96B" box="[770,793,1763,1789]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D65E95C1FC90F96A" box="[770,793,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D67C95C1FCE3F96B" box="[800,874,1763,1789]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D67C95C1FCE3F96A" box="[800,874,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D67C95C1FCEDF96A" box="[800,868,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">kochi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D62E95C1FC00F96B" box="[882,905,1763,1789]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D62E95C1FC00F96A" box="[882,905,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D6CC95C1FBF8F96B" box="[912,1137,1763,1789]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D6CC95C1FBF8F96A" box="[912,1137,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D6CC95C1FBE4F96A" box="[912,1133,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D12695C1FB18F96B" box="[1146,1169,1763,1789]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D12695C1FB18F96A" box="[1146,1169,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D1C595C1FB70F96B" box="[1177,1273,1763,1789]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D1C595C1FB70F96A" box="[1177,1273,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D1C595C1FB7CF96A" box="[1177,1269,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkeri">parkeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D05D95C1FA91F96B" box="[1281,1304,1763,1789]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D05D95C1FA91F96A" box="[1281,1304,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D07C95C1FAE1F96B" box="[1312,1384,1763,1789]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D07C95C1FAE1F96A" box="[1312,1384,1763,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seippi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D07C95C1FAE1F96A" box="[1312,1384,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">seippi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D02D95C1FA15F96B" box="[1393,1436,1763,1789]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">and</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D34E2FFAB0039D5CB942BFA15F8B5" box="[151,1436,1801,1827]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFAB0039D5CB942BFDFFF8B5" box="[151,630,1801,1827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
probably
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D45A942BFE2DF8B4" box="[262,420,1801,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="masohoala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D45A942BFE2DF8B4" box="[262,420,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. masohoala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFABFFC8D5CB9471FD7EF8FB" blockId="14.[151,1436,1875,2013]" box="[151,759,1875,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Relationships within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D4E79471FD25F8FA" box="[443,684,1875,1900]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D4E79471FD25F8FA" box="[443,684,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFABFFC9D59A945BFC5FFED1" blockId="14.[151,1436,1875,2013]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1438,152,700]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
This group is in a well-supported clade (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFABFFC8D7F8945BFD64F805" box="[676,749,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
; clade E) with the Seychellean
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D13D945BFB53F804" box="[1121,1242,1913,1938]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D13D945BFB53F804" box="[1121,1242,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. astriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, and with
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D5CB94BCFEC8F821" box="[151,321,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D5CB94BCFEB4F821" box="[151,317,1950,1975]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">P. vanheygeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The basal topology of clade E is uncertain; the position of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D16994BCFB5EF821" box="[1077,1239,1950,1975]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D16994BCFB5EF821" box="[1077,1239,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. vanheygeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFABFFC8D04D94BCFA08F821" box="[1297,1409,1950,1975]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFABFFC8D04D94BCFA08F821" box="[1297,1409,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unresolved, mainly because of conflicts between the mitochondrial and nuclear datasets. In the mitochondrial, as well as in the combined data,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D74C93BAFD3BFF27" box="[528,690,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D74C93BAFD3BFF27" box="[528,690,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. vanheygeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sister taxon to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6FB93BAFB97FF27" box="[935,1054,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6FB93BAFB97FF27" box="[935,1054,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. astriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D1FE93BAFA98FF27" box="[1186,1297,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D1FE93BAFA98FF27" box="[1186,1297,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D59D939FFE38FF40" box="[193,433,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D59D939FFE38FF40" box="[193,433,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. The nuclear data, however, place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6D3939FFBB8FF40" box="[911,1073,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6D3939FFBB8FF40" box="[911,1073,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. vanheygeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
basal in clade E, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D071939FFA15FF40" box="[1325,1436,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D071939FFA15FF40" box="[1325,1436,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
completely outside of it, albeit both placements with less than 50% PP/BS support. Because of its morphological affinities to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4A3922AFD79FEB7" box="[511,752,264,289]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4A3922AFD79FEB7" box="[511,752,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group we nevertheless include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D103922AFB47FEB7" box="[1119,1230,264,289]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D103922AFB47FEB7" box="[1119,1230,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this group, but we emphasize that further study on its phylogenetic position is needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D59A9270FBBDFDDA" blockId="15.[151,1438,152,700]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4119270FDC9FEFD" box="[333,576,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4119270FDC9FEFD" box="[333,576,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D7979270FCB4FEFD" box="[715,829,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D7979270FCB4FEFD" box="[715,829,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group as previously defined (
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D0589270FE2FFE07" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
P. g u t t a t a,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D0DA9270FF79FE07" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">P. abbotti</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D5A0925AFE2BFE07" box="[252,418,376,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="masohoala">P. masohoala</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4BF925AFDC3FE07" box="[483,586,376,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seippi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4BF925AFDC3FE07" box="[483,586,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. seippi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D707925AFCE8FE04" author="Glaw" box="[603,865,376,402]" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" refString="Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Second Edition. Vences and Glaw Verlag, Koln, 480 pp." type="book" year="1994">Glaw & Vences 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D632925AFBB7FE04" author="Glaw" box="[878,1086,376,402]" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" refString="Glaw, F., Vences, M. & Ziegler, T. (1999) Bemerkungen zu Phelsuma dubia (Boettger, 1881): Wiederentdeckung des Holotypus, Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen und Daten zur Fortpflanzung. Salamandra, 35, 267 - 278." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Glaw
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6E4925AFC7CFE07" box="[952,1013,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D117925AFAACFE04" author="Van" box="[1099,1317,376,402]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Van Heygen, E. (2004) Remarks on the Phelsuma barbouri- and Phelsuma klemmeri- phenetic groups. Phelsuma, 12, 153 - 154." type="journal article" year="2004">Van Heygen 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) does not form a monophyletic group; instead,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D71A92BFFD3FFE20" box="[582,694,413,438]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D71A92BFFD3FFE20" box="[582,694,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. guttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is placed basal in the group, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D16592BFFB1EFE20" box="[1081,1175,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. s e i p p i</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D18F92BFFACBFE20" box="[1235,1346,413,438]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D18F92BFFACBFE20" box="[1235,1346,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also do not appear to be sister species. Two members of this group originated by (long) distance colonization in a northwestwards direction:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4B992CAFCC9FD94" authority="Aldabra" authorityName="Aldabra" box="[485,832,488,514]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="abbotti" subSpecies="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4B992CAFD36FD97" box="[485,703,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. abbotti abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
(Aldabra)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D62392CAFBF8FD94" authority="(Pemba)" baseAuthorityName="Pemba" box="[895,1137,488,514]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D62392CAFC73FD97" box="[895,1018,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. parkeri</emphasis>
|
||
(Pemba)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both have their closest relatives in the northwestern/northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D708912FFD4FFDB1" box="[596,710,525,551]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
coast, the most likely area in fact from which colonizations to occur from, considering surface sea-currents in the region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D6179110FBA1FDDA" author="Ali" box="[843,1064,562,588]" pageId="15" pageNumber="26" refString="Ali, J. R. & Huber, M. (2010) Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents. Nature, 653 - 656." type="book chapter" year="2010">Ali & Huber 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D59A917AFBF6FD2A" blockId="15.[151,1438,152,700]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
One of the few nominal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4A9917AFDE0FDE7" box="[501,617,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4A9917AFDE0FDE7" box="[501,617,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phelsuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species for which no DNA sequences are available until now is
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D0DA917AFEA8FD00" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D0DA917AFE97FD00" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="masohoala">P. masohoala</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D475915FFEC3FD01" box="[297,330,637,663]" name="American Samoa" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D4AF915FFC86FD01" author="Meier" box="[499,783,637,663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Meier, H. & Bohme, W. (1996) Zum taxonomischen Status des Formenkreises von Phelsuma abbotti Stejneger, 1893, mit Bemerkungen uber P. masohoala Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1994. Salamandra, 32, 85 - 98." type="journal article" year="1996">Meier & Böhme (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
it is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6B7915FFB04FD00" box="[1003,1165,637,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="masohoala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6B7915FFB04FD00" box="[1003,1165,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. masohoala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D075915FFA15FD00" box="[1321,1436,637,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D075915FFA15FD00" box="[1321,1436,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and thus belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4F09180FD14FD2D" box="[428,669,674,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4F09180FD14FD2D" box="[428,669,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group where we provisionally include it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D5CB91CFFC2BFC90" blockId="15.[151,1438,749,1634]" box="[151,930,749,775]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Relationships among
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4C991CFFC98FC90" box="[405,785,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4C991CFFD01FC90" box="[405,648,749,774]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">P. madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D7C891CFFC84FC90" box="[660,781,749,774]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D61691CFFC2BFC90" box="[842,930,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. k o c h i</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D59A9030FE97FB9A" blockId="15.[151,1438,749,1634]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
In our molecular analysis,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D7409030FCF3FCBD" box="[540,890,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D7409030FD75FCBD" box="[540,764,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">Phelsuma grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6539030FCFFFCBD" box="[783,886,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">P. kochi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D69E9030FB32FCBD" box="[962,1211,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D69E9030FB32FCBD" box="[962,1211,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which were long considered subspecies of a single species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D798901AFC44FCC7" box="[708,973,824,849]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D798901AFC44FCC7" box="[708,973,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) did not form a clade, although the mitochondrial and nuclear data suggested different relationships among these taxa. This confirms the results of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D5E590A0FE68FC0A" box="[185,481,898,924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Raxworthy, C. J., Ingram, C. M., Rabibisoa, N. & Pearson, R. G. (2007) Applications of ecological niche modelling for species delimitation: A review and empirical evaluation using day geckos (Phelsuma) from Madagascar. Systematic Biology, 56, 907 - 923." type="journal article">
|
||
Raxworthy
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D41490A0FE0FFC0D" box="[328,390,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who recently proposed to elevate them to species level, based on data from a molecular analysis and from environmental niche modelling. Neither
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D689908AFB7DFC54" box="[981,1268,936,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Raxworthy, C. J., Ingram, C. M., Rabibisoa, N. & Pearson, R. G. (2007) Applications of ecological niche modelling for species delimitation: A review and empirical evaluation using day geckos (Phelsuma) from Madagascar. Systematic Biology, 56, 907 - 923." type="journal article">
|
||
Raxworthy
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D13D908AFB14FC57" box="[1121,1181,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
nor ourselves had sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D43B90EFFC3EFC71" authority="Meier, 1982" authorityName="Meier" authorityYear="1982" box="[359,951,973,999]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="madagascariensis" subSpecies="boehmei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D43B90EFFCA9FC70" box="[359,800,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phelsuma madagascariensis boehmei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D67490EFFC3EFC71" author="Meier" box="[808,951,973,999]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Meier, H. (1982) Ergebnisse zur Taxonomie und Okologie einiger Arten und Unterarten der Gattung Phelsuma auf Madagaskar, gesammelt in den Jahren 1972 bis 1981, mit Beschreibung einer neuen Form (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). Salamandra, 18, 168 - 190." type="journal article" year="1982">Meier, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the status of this taxon thus remains unclarified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D598973AFB20FAA1" blockId="15.[151,1438,749,1634]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
We detected deep genetic divergences among
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D786973AFC49FBA7" box="[730,960,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D786973AFCDAFBA7" box="[730,851,1048,1073]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D602973AFC35FBA7" box="[862,956,1048,1073]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">P. kochi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6A4973AFB67FBA7" box="[1016,1262,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6A4973AFB62FBA7" box="[1016,1259,1048,1073]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">P. madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
reaching up to 14% (uncorrected p-distances from cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D797971FFD53FBC0" box="[715,730,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">b</emphasis>
|
||
). Within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D614971FFC37FBC0" box="[840,958,1085,1110]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D614971FFC37FBC0" box="[840,958,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6AB971FFBDAFBC0" box="[1015,1107,1085,1110]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6AB971FFBDAFBC0" box="[1015,1107,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. kochi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distances of up to 1.1% and 9% were, respectively, observed for cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6549741FC9EFBEA" box="[776,791,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">b</emphasis>
|
||
. These surprisingly high distances prompted us to undertake a wider survey of variability in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D7E897AAFC2CFB37" box="[692,933,1160,1185]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D7E897AAFC2CFB37" box="[692,933,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. The three taxa,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D48B978FFD4AFB50" box="[471,707,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D48B978FFDDBFB50" box="[471,594,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D703978FFD36FB50" box="[607,703,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">P. kochi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D7A3978FFC78FB50" box="[767,1009,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D7A3978FFC78FB50" box="[767,1009,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are large geckos that are thought to be allopatrically distributed mainly in coastal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D7EB97F0FCC3FB7A" box="[695,842,1234,1260]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D60A97F1FBC1FB7A" box="[854,1096,1235,1260]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D60A97F1FBC1FB7A" box="[854,1096,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the east,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D18597F1FAD8FB7A" box="[1241,1361,1235,1260]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D18597F1FAD8FB7A" box="[1241,1361,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the north, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D44197DAFE09FA87" box="[285,384,1272,1297]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D44197DAFE09FA87" box="[285,384,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. kochi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the west (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFAAFFC9D77C97DAFCBFFA84" author="Meier" box="[544,822,1272,1298]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Meier, H. & Bohme, W. (1991) Zur Arealkunde von Phelsuma madagascariensis (Gray, 1831) anhand der Museumssammlungen A. Koenig und Senckenberg, mit Bemerkungen zur Variabilitat von P. m. kochi Mertens, 1954. Salamandra, 27, 143 - 151." type="journal article" year="1991">Meier & Böhme 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with contiguous distributions and contact zones between them. The new data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D4AB963FFDC1FAA1" box="[503,584,1309,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D7DD963FFD19FAA1" box="[641,656,1309,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,260,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[244,1356,197,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[244,1357,197,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma madagascariensis group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194699/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) add various new perspectives to this picture:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D5989660FC2BFA64" blockId="15.[151,1438,749,1634]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
First, we detected a second deep lineage that we here assign to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D6F29661FB85FACA" box="[942,1036,1347,1372]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6F29661FB85FACA" box="[942,1036,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. kochi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a preliminary way: a specimen (identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D462964AFE10FA17" box="[318,409,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. k o c h i</emphasis>
|
||
) from Manongarivo in the Sambirano region, far northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D1C2964AFAB8FA14" box="[1182,1329,1384,1410]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, differed strongly from specimens from the west (Tsingy de Bemaraha and Ankarafantsika). For 16S alone, it did not even form a monophyletic group with the remaining
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D6459691FCFCFA5A" box="[793,885,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. k o c h i</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D6D69690FC5AFA5A" box="[906,979,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,260,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[244,1356,197,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[244,1357,197,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma madagascariensis group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194699/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and although it did in the combined analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D45996FAFEC5FA64" box="[261,332,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), support was not significant (PP<50%; BS=50%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D59896DFFB0BF9F4" blockId="15.[151,1438,749,1634]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Second, also samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4AD96DFFD63F980" box="[497,746,1533,1558]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4AD96DFFD63F980" box="[497,746,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were deeply differentiated, with an eastern-southeastern clade (from Ambohitsara and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D7499500FDDEF9AA" box="[533,599,1570,1596]" name="Iceland" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nosy</collectingCountry>
|
||
Boraha) and a north-eastern clade (from Ankalampo), and with a differentiation between these of 7.5% uncorrected p-distance in the 16S gene (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D170956AFBFDF9F4" box="[1068,1140,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,260,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[244,1356,197,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[244,1357,197,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma madagascariensis group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194699/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D5CB95B0FD87F93A" blockId="15.[151,1436,1682,1895]" box="[151,526,1682,1708]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Differentiation within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4C295B1FD87F93A" box="[414,526,1683,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4C295B1FD87F93A" box="[414,526,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFAAFFC9D59A959AFB7DF8F1" blockId="15.[151,1436,1682,1895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
A last aspect obvious from the multi-gene phylogeny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D62E959AFC34F944" box="[882,957,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,258,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,458,1512]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma astriata group (clade H) the P. madagascariensis group, and P. vanheygeni as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194698/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the 16S data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFAAFFC9D1E1959AFA81F944" box="[1213,1288,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,260,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[244,1356,197,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[244,1357,197,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma madagascariensis group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194699/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) is the low differentiation among the various subspecies of
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D79095FFFC2BF960" box="[716,930,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D79095FFFC17F960" box="[716,926,1757,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbotti">Phelsuma abbotti</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFAAFFC9D69695FFFBD0F961" box="[970,1113,1757,1783]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D04A95FFFA15F960" box="[1302,1436,1757,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="abbotti" subSpecies="chekei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D04A95FFFA15F960" box="[1302,1436,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. a. chekei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows a slight differentiation between specimens from the north (Ankarana and Montagne des Francais) and west (Tsingy de Bemaraha).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFAAFFC9D4A9940AFD63F8D7" box="[501,746,1832,1857]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="abbotti" subSpecies="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D4A9940AFD63F8D7" box="[501,746,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phelsuma a. abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFAAFFC9D67A940AFC49F8D7" box="[806,960,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. a. s u m p t i o</emphasis>
|
||
from Aldabra and Assumption islands show some differentiation but certainly have colonized these islands very recently, as expected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF326628FFB5FFD6D5CB94B8FED0F867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194699/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[244,1356,197,1926]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB5FFD6D5CB94B8FED0F867" blockId="16.[151,1437,1946,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB5FFD6D5CB94B8FEABF824" bold="true" box="[151,290,1946,1970]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in specimens of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB5FFD6D07094B8FED5F847" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB5FFD6D07094B8FED5F847" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Phelsuma madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF326628FFB4FFD7D5CB95B4FA82F89B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB4FFD7D5CB95B4FA82F89B" blockId="17.[151,1436,1686,1805]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D5CB95B4FE96F938" bold="true" box="[151,287,1686,1710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Molecular phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB4FFD7D73995B5FCAEF938" box="[613,807,1687,1710]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D73995B5FCAEF938" box="[613,807,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Phelsuma lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (clade J), the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB4FFD7D14D95B5FB1EF938" box="[1041,1175,1687,1710]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D14D95B5FB1EF938" box="[1041,1175,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. laticauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (clade K) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB4FFD7D0D495B5FF74F958" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klemmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D0D495B5FF74F958" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. klemmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D6629595FCFFF958" box="[830,886,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB4FFD7D5CB9414FCE2F8C6" blockId="17.[151,1436,1846,2022]" box="[151,875,1846,1872]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Phenotypic characterization of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB4FFD7D7739415FC96F8C6" box="[559,799,1847,1872]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D7739415FC96F8C6" box="[559,799,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB4FFD4D59A947EFC75FEB4" blockId="17.[151,1436,1846,2022]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,152,290]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB4FFD7D428947EFD4CF8E3" box="[372,709,1884,1909]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB4FFD7D428947EFD4CF8E3" box="[372,709,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Phelsuma madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group are characterized by non-gluing egg laying behaviour, smooth ventral and subcaudal scales, keeled dorsal and lateral scales absence of nostril-rostral contact, and size-reduced vertebral scales, whereas other characters are variable among species in the group, possibly in part related to the size differences (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CF031BFFB4FFD7D76994EEFD3FF870" box="[565,694,1996,2022]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,242,151,175]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,239,725,749]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,426,1746]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Body size, colour characters and egg-laying behaviour of recognized Phelsuma species and subspecies. Abbreviations: TL, maximum total length; SVL, maximum snout-vent length (both in mm). Colour is coded as follows: green, predominant colour green or blue; grey, predominant colour grey or brown (not green); interm., intermediate or mixed colour. Pattern: strong, contrast of main pattern compared with ground colour strong respectively weak, or intermediate. Stripes: tendency of dorsal or dorsolateral stripes present, absent, or intermediate; elongated patches on head, neck and lower back not considered as stripes. Lateral stripes: dark lateral / sublateral stripes present, absent or weak. Phelsuma can either glue their eggs to the substrate (+) or not (-). Missing data are represented by question marks (?)." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Selected scale characters in species and subspecies of day geckos. Abbreviations: SL, number of supralabials" httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid-0="DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
|
||
). For example, the number of preanofemoral pores is higher in the larger species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D42393BAFB89FF27" box="[383,1024,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D42393BAFE77FF27" box="[383,510,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D75793BAFDE6FF27" box="[523,623,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">P. kochi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D72193BAFCF3FF27" box="[637,890,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">P. madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D6DB93BAFB89FF27" box="[903,1024,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkeri">P. parkeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Several characters such as nongluing behaviour, and absence of rostral-nostril contact are shared by the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D6A2939FFB79FF40" box="[1022,1264,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D6A2939FFB79FF40" box="[1022,1264,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D5CB93C0FE9BFF6D" box="[151,274,226,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D5CB93C0FE9BFF6D" box="[151,274,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. astriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, in accordance with their placement in a monophyletic group by the molecular data, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D0DA93C0FE94FEB7" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanheygeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D0DA93C0FE94FEB7" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. vanheygeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which also belongs into this clade is an egg-gluer (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF326628FFB7FFD4D5CB95ECFAFBF890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194701/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[151,1436,346,1718]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB7FFD4D5CB95ECFAFBF890" blockId="18.[151,1436,1742,1798]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D5CB95ECFE95F970" bold="true" box="[151,284,1742,1766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in specimens of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D18395EDFA15F970" box="[1247,1436,1743,1766]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D18395EDFA15F970" box="[1247,1436,1743,1766]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Phelsuma lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB7FFD4D5CB9476FDF0F820" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<table id="F94DC400FFB70039D5CB9476FA14F820" box="[151,1437,1876,1974]" gridcols="13" gridrows="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<tr id="357D34E2FFB70039D5CB9476FA14F8F8" box="[151,1437,1876,1902]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D5CB9476FDF3F8F8" box="[151,634,1876,1902]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D5CB9476FE33F8F8" bold="true" box="[151,442,1876,1902]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D5CB9476FEE0F8F8" box="[151,361,1876,1902]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D5CB9476FEE0F8F8" bold="true" box="[151,361,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Phelsuma lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D34E2FFB70039D5CB9455FA14F807" box="[151,1437,1911,1937]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D5CB9455FDF3F807" box="[151,634,1911,1937]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
(contains
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D44B9455FDF3F806" box="[279,634,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D44B9455FE39F806" box="[279,432,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">P. antanosy</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D4E19455FDFDF806" box="[445,628,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comorensis">P. comorensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D7DF9455FD12F807" box="[643,667,1911,1937]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D7DF9455FD12F806" box="[643,667,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D7F89455FCCDF807" box="[676,836,1911,1937]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D7F89455FCCDF806" box="[676,836,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D7F89455FCB6F806" box="[676,831,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">dorsivittata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D6129455FCEFF807" box="[846,870,1911,1937]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D6129455FCEFF806" box="[846,870,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D6339455FC23F807" box="[879,938,1911,1937]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D6339455FC23F806" box="[879,938,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D6339455FC2FF806" box="[879,934,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kely">kely</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D6E89455FC45F807" box="[948,972,1911,1937]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D6E89455FC45F806" box="[948,972,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D6899455FBB1F807" box="[981,1080,1911,1937]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D6899455FBB1F806" box="[981,1080,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D6899455FBBAF806" box="[981,1075,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">lineata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D11E9455FBD3F807" box="[1090,1114,1911,1937]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D11E9455FBD3F806" box="[1090,1114,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D13F9455FB3EF807" box="[1123,1207,1911,1937]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D13F9455FB3EF806" box="[1123,1207,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D13F9455FB3BF806" box="[1123,1202,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">parva</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D19D9455FB50F807" box="[1217,1241,1911,1937]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D19D9455FB50F806" box="[1217,1241,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D1BE9455FAB2F807" box="[1250,1339,1911,1937]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D1BE9455FAB2F806" box="[1250,1339,1911,1936]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D1BE9455FAB2F806" box="[1250,1339,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D0199455FAF5F807" box="[1349,1404,1911,1937]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">and,</td>
|
||
<td id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D0D99455FA14F807" box="[1413,1437,1911,1937]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D0D99455FA14F806" box="[1413,1437,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357D34E2FFB70039D5CB94BEFA14F820" box="[151,1437,1948,1974]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76AC5D9EFFB70039D5CB94BEFDF3F820" box="[151,634,1948,1974]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D5CB94BEFEC3F823" box="[151,330,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D5CB94BEFECFF823" box="[151,326,1948,1973]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">quadriocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and probably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB7FFD4D4A494BEFDE6F823" box="[504,623,1948,1973]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoeschi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB7FFD4D4A494BEFDE6F823" box="[504,623,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. hoeschi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF326628FFB6FFD5D5CB9509FC35F9F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194702/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1570]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB6FFD5D5CB9509FC35F9F4" blockId="19.[151,1435,1579,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D5CB9509FE93F9D5" bold="true" box="[151,282,1579,1603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotypes of (a)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D4899509FD49F9D4" box="[469,704,1579,1602]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D4899509FD49F9D4" box="[469,704,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Phelsuma dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMF 59373) and (b)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D6ED9509FBD6F9D4" box="[945,1119,1579,1602]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D6ED9509FBD6F9D4" box="[945,1119,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZFMK 19315) in dorsal and ventral view, as photographed in August 2009. Scale bars represent 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB6FFD5D5CB95A9FDBFF933" blockId="19.[151,1437,1675,2037]" box="[151,566,1675,1701]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Definition and content of the group</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB6FFD5D59A9592FDE2F846" blockId="19.[151,1437,1675,2037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Molecular data strongly corroborate the previously suggested (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB6FFD5D6809592FB79F95C" author="Glaw" box="[988,1264,1712,1738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="26" refString="Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Second Edition. Vences and Glaw Verlag, Koln, 480 pp." type="book" year="1994">Glaw & Vences 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) evolutionary relationships between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D4ED95F4FDA1F979" box="[433,552,1750,1775]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D4ED95F4FDA1F979" box="[433,552,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D76595F4FC98F979" box="[569,785,1750,1775]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D76595F4FC98F979" box="[569,785,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D60C95F4FC4CF979" box="[848,965,1750,1775]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D60C95F4FC4CF979" box="[848,965,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other species belonging to this well supported group are
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D4D495D9FE59F882" box="[392,464,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. k e l y</emphasis>
|
||
, the Comoran
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D72395D9FCADF882" box="[639,804,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. c o m o re n s i s,</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D63C95D9FC6FF882" box="[864,998,1787,1812]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D63C95D9FC6FF882" box="[864,998,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. antanosy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB6FFD5D6AA95D9FBB4F883" box="[1014,1085,1787,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a; clade J) Two subgroups can further be defined: (1) all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D48C9403FD14F8AC" box="[464,669,1825,1850]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D48C9403FD14F8AC" box="[464,669,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D6ED9403FA84F8AC" box="[945,1293,1825,1850]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="bimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D6ED9403FA84F8AC" box="[945,1293,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. quadriocellata bimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sometimes regarded as a distinct species –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB6FFD5D7589464FC8DF8F6" author="Glaw" box="[516,772,1862,1888]" pageId="19" pageNumber="26" refString="Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Second Edition. Vences and Glaw Verlag, Koln, 480 pp." type="book" year="1994">Glaw & Vences, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D6189464FC43F8C9" box="[836,970,1862,1887]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D6189464FC43F8C9" box="[836,970,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. antanosy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D1779464FB11F8C9" box="[1067,1176,1862,1887]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D1779464FB11F8C9" box="[1067,1176,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D1FA9464FA9BF8C9" box="[1190,1298,1862,1887]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D1FA9464FA9BF8C9" box="[1190,1298,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D07C9464FAEEF8C9" box="[1312,1383,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. k e l y</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D5CB9449FEBCF812" box="[151,309,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. c o m o re n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
. Although nuclear genes reveal unresolved or paraphyletic relationships between these (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB6FFD5D0119449FF21F83C" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
c), for the faster evolving mtDNA markers these groups already reached reciprocal monophyly and are recovered with strong support (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB6FFD5D7599494FDC5F846" box="[517,588,1974,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB6FFD2D59A94F9FF3FFE04" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB6FFD2D59A94F9FD94FF6A" blockId="19.[151,1437,1675,2037]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,152,551]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB6FFD5D59A94F9FE39F862" box="[198,432,2011,2036]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB6FFD5D59A94F9FE39F862" box="[198,432,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Phelsuma antanosy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously thought to be more closely related to either the species from the Mascarenes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D46093BAFD4BFF24" author="Raxworthy" box="[316,706,152,178]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Raxworthy, C. J. & Nussbaum, R. A. (1994) A partial systematic revision of the day geckos, Phelsuma Gray, of Madagascar (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 112, 321 - 335." type="journal article" year="1994">Raxworthy & Nussbaum 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), i.e., the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D61E93BAFC6AFF27" box="[834,995,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cepediana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D61E93BAFC6AFF27" box="[834,995,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. cepediana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group as defined here, or to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D0D993BAFE8FFF40" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D0D993BAFE8FFF40" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. laticauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D43E939FFDEBFF41" author="Glaw" box="[354,610,189,215]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" refString="Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Second Edition. Vences and Glaw Verlag, Koln, 480 pp." type="book" year="1994">Glaw & Vences 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but in the molecular analysis it is clearly nested within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D071939FFA15FF40" box="[1325,1436,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D071939FFA15FF40" box="[1325,1436,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D41193C0FD9FFF6D" box="[333,534,226,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D41193C0FD9FFF6D" box="[333,534,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB1FFD2D59A922AFF3FFE04" blockId="20.[151,1436,152,551]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Although no molecular data are yet available, we here assign the recently described (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D048922AFED2FED1" author="Berghof" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" refString="Berghof, H. P. & Trautmann, G. (2009) Eine neue Art der Gattung Phelsuma Gray, 1825 (Sauria: Gekkonidae) von der Ostkuste Madagaskars. Sauria, 31, 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="2009">Berghof & Trautmann 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D437920FFDC8FED0" box="[363,577,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoeschi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D437920FFDC8FED0" box="[363,577,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma hoeschi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D7C8920FFC8AFED0" box="[660,771,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D7C8920FFC8AFED0" box="[660,771,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group based on its dark lateral stripe and its similarities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D5EA9270FEAAFEFD" box="[182,291,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D5EA9270FEAAFEFD" box="[182,291,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D4029270FE23FEFD" box="[350,426,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kely">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D4029270FE23FEFD" box="[350,426,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. kely</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in scale characters, as also emphasized in the original description (see also
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CF031BFFB1FFD2D0719270FF21FE04" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,242,151,175]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,239,725,749]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,426,1746]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Body size, colour characters and egg-laying behaviour of recognized Phelsuma species and subspecies. Abbreviations: TL, maximum total length; SVL, maximum snout-vent length (both in mm). Colour is coded as follows: green, predominant colour green or blue; grey, predominant colour grey or brown (not green); interm., intermediate or mixed colour. Pattern: strong, contrast of main pattern compared with ground colour strong respectively weak, or intermediate. Stripes: tendency of dorsal or dorsolateral stripes present, absent, or intermediate; elongated patches on head, neck and lower back not considered as stripes. Lateral stripes: dark lateral / sublateral stripes present, absent or weak. Phelsuma can either glue their eggs to the substrate (+) or not (-). Missing data are represented by question marks (?)." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Selected scale characters in species and subspecies of day geckos. Abbreviations: SL, number of supralabials" httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid-0="DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19">Tables 1– 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB1FFD2D59A92BFFB2AFDE4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB1FFD2D59A92BFFE13FDB1" blockId="20.[151,1436,152,551]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D59A92BFFE1EFE21" author="Loveridge" box="[198,407,413,439]" pageId="20" pageNumber="27" refString="Loveridge, A. (1942) Revision of the Afro-Oriental geckos of the genus Phelsuma. Bulletin of the Museum Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 89, 439 - 482." type="journal article" year="1942">Loveridge (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
hypothesized about the dark spots of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D63192BFFBB2FE20" box="[877,1083,413,438]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D63192BFFBB2FE20" box="[877,1083,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being derived from the dark lateral band of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D41A92E0FE3DFE4D" box="[326,436,450,475]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D41A92E0FE3DFE4D" box="[326,436,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is worth mentioning that
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D65D92E0FC61FE4D" box="[769,1000,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D65D92E0FC6CFE4D" box="[769,997,450,475]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="bombetokensis">P. l. bombetokensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a geographically isolated taxon from dry forest in north-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB1FFD2D4BE92CAFDFBFD94" box="[482,626,488,514]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(still unstudied from a molecular perspective), has an intermediate pattern in this respect.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB1FFD2D5CB917AFB2AFDE4" blockId="20.[151,1437,600,2007]" box="[151,1187,600,626]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Variation within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D4DA917AFE7CFDE7" box="[390,501,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D4DA917AFE7CFDE7" box="[390,501,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex and recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D61B917AFC62FDE7" box="[839,1003,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D61B917AFC62FDE7" box="[839,1003,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at species level
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB1FFD3D59A915FFAE3FF6A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB1FFD2D59A915FFAA4FA67" blockId="20.[151,1437,600,2007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D59A915FFE1EFD00" box="[198,407,637,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D59A915FFE1EFD00" box="[198,407,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being paraphyletic in respect to
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D666915FFC0EFD00" box="[826,903,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. k e l y</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D6C0915FFBB6FD00" box="[924,1087,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. c o m o re n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D1D9915FFB7AFD00" box="[1157,1267,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. p u s i l l a</emphasis>
|
||
(if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D077915FFAF5FD00" box="[1323,1404,637,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D077915FFAF5FD00" box="[1323,1404,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered as including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D48F9180FDE0FD2D" box="[467,617,674,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D48F9180FDE0FD2D" box="[467,617,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as subspecies), exhibits consistent deep differentiation (12.8% uncorrected p-distances for cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D72491EAFD0EFD77" box="[632,647,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">b</emphasis>
|
||
) between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D65891EAFB8CFD77" box="[772,1029,712,737]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D65891EAFB8CFD77" box="[772,1029,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the far north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB1FFD2D05191EAFA15FD74" box="[1293,1436,712,738]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including a specimen of uncertain status from Marojejy in north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB1FFD2D14691CFFB27FC91" box="[1050,1198,749,775]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and the remaining individuals. Genetic distances within remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D6559030FC0DFCBD" box="[777,900,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D6559030FC0DFCBD" box="[777,900,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individuals for cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D1A89030FA8AFCBD" box="[1268,1283,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">b</emphasis>
|
||
reach 7.7% uncorrected p-distances. Also, p-distances reach as much as 8.8% within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D6B1901AFB60FCC7" box="[1005,1257,824,849]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D6B1901AFB60FCC7" box="[1005,1257,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The expanded analysis based on 16S sequences only, but including many more specimens (those sequenced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D04C907FFF74FC0A" author="Boumans" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" refString="Boumans, L., Vieites, D. R., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2007) Geographical patterns of deep mitochondrial differentiation in widespread Malagasy reptiles. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 45, 822 - 839." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Boumans
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D0DB907FFF3FFC0D" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, plus 16 others) largely confirms these conclusions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB1FFD2D62790A0FC4FFC0A" box="[891,966,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,256,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma lineata group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194701/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D68290A0FB04FC0D" box="[990,1165,898,923]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kely">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D68290A0FB04FC0D" box="[990,1165,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma kely</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D19590A0FAE2FC0D" box="[1225,1387,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. c o m o re n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
are deeply nested within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D48C908AFDCFFC57" box="[464,582,936,961]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D48C908AFDCFFC57" box="[464,582,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade. A taxonomic consequence from this fact could be to accept a paraphyletic species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D4D690EFFE71FC70" box="[394,504,973,998]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D4D690EFFE71FC70" box="[394,504,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or, given the known colour differences between populations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D19990EFFAE5FC71" author="Kruger" box="[1221,1388,973,999]" pageId="20" pageNumber="27" refString="Kruger, J. (1996 c) Zur Nomenklatur der lineata - Gruppe in der Gattung Phelsuma (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). Sauria, 18 (3), 37 - 42." type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="c">Krüger 1996c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), its partitioning into various species. The following deeply differentiated clades can be distinguished: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D0DA90D0FF60FBA7" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D0DA90D0FF60FBA7" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations from the highlands (Antananarivo, Ambohitantely, Fierenana), which would correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D5EB971FFE27FBC0" box="[183,430,1085,1110]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="elanthana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D5EB971FFE27FBC0" box="[183,430,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata elanthana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D705971FFC90FBC1" author="Kruger" box="[601,793,1085,1111]" pageId="20" pageNumber="27" refString="Kruger, J. (1996 c) Zur Nomenklatur der lineata - Gruppe in der Gattung Phelsuma (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). Sauria, 18 (3), 37 - 42." type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="c">Krüger (1996c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, (2) populations from the south east (Ste. Luce), (3) populations from the northern central east and southern central east (Andasibe, Besariaka, Ranomafana, Ifanadiana, Ambohitsara, Farafangana), and (4) as the most divergent lineage, the populations from the north, currently corresponding to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D48A978FFD1BFB50" box="[470,658,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D48A978FFD1BFB50" box="[470,658,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. l. dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D647978FFC00FB50" box="[795,905,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D647978FFC00FB50" box="[795,905,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57C9FFB1FFD2D6CD978FFB8FFB51" box="[913,1030,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is almost continuously distributed over most of Madagascar's rainforests, with probable contact and possibly hybrid zones, especially between population groups from the highlands and the northern central east. Furthermore, the nuclear genes provide no evidence for separating lineages 2 versus 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB1FFD2D7E7963FFC8FFAA1" box="[699,774,1309,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
c; highland specimens of lineage 1 not included). The available evidence is therefore insufficient for conclusive statements on the taxonomic status of the lineages 1–3. On the contrary, lineage 4 from the northern localities Montagne d'Ambre, Iharana (= Vohemar) and Marojejy is consistently recovered by mitochondrial and nuclear markers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB1FFD2D15696AFFBC6FA31" box="[1034,1103,1421,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
b–c) and is grouped basal to the clade containing
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D4C99691FD8CFA5A" box="[405,517,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. l i n e a t a</emphasis>
|
||
lineages 1–3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D7E49691FC00FA5A" box="[696,905,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D7E49691FCA4FA5A" box="[696,813,1459,1484]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">P. pusilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D6669691FC00FA5A" box="[826,905,1459,1484]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kely">P. kely</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D69A9691FBE3FA5A" box="[966,1130,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. c o m o re n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB1FFD2D1239690FB43FA5A" box="[1151,1226,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a). We see this as sufficient support for a status of the northern populations as separate species,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D17F96FAFAA4FA67" box="[1059,1325,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D17F96FAFAA0FA67" box="[1059,1321,1496,1521]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">Phelsuma dorsivittata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB1FFD3D59A96DFFAE3FF6A" blockId="20.[151,1437,600,2007]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1436,152,252]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Typical specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D49096DFFD46F980" box="[460,719,1533,1558]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D49096DFFD46F980" box="[460,719,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have several red spots on the back, which can often fuse to larger markings. Usually a red vertebral stripe is present on the anterior back. A rather indistinct dark lateral spot is present behind the forelimb, and can be also present in front of the hindlimbs, forming the anterior and posterior part of a dark lateral line (distinctly recognizable in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB1FFD2D6C6954FFB8FF911" box="[922,1030,1645,1671]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). However, the anterior spot is not isolated and not bordered by blue colour in life. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D7BB95B1FC60F93A" box="[743,1001,1683,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D7BB95B1FC60F93A" box="[743,1001,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
8–9 supralabialia (min-max) and 6–9 infralabialia (min-max) are present. Selected morphological characters of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB1FFD2D102959AFB4DF944" box="[1118,1220,1720,1746]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(SMF 59373,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB1FFD2D032959AFF2FF961" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1570]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,187,1570]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Holotypes of (a) Phelsuma dorsivittata (SMF 59373) and (b) Phelsuma parva (ZFMK 19315) in dorsal and ventral view, as photographed in August 2009. Scale bars represent 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194702/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB1FFD2D58995FFFE5EF960" box="[213,471,1757,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsivittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB1FFD2D58995FFFE5EF960" box="[213,471,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phelsuma dorsivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are as follows: SVL 55.3 mm; TL 124.4; 9/9 supralabials on the left and right side of the head; 8/7 infralabials; 1 internasal; nostril in contact with rostral and first supralabial; 28 preanofemoral pores; mental triangle-shaped; dorsals, ventrals, and subcaudals keeled. For a more detailed description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB1FFD2D5CB946FFF77F8F1" box="[151,254,1869,1895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB1FFD2D46F946FFE64F8F1" author="Mertens" box="[307,493,1869,1895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="27" refString="Mertens, R. (1964) Studien uber die Reptilienfauna Madagaskars V. Funf neue Rassen der Geckonengattung Phelsuma. Senckenbergiana biologica, 45, 99 - 112." type="journal article" year="1964">Mertens (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB1FFD2D772946FFD1EF8F1" box="[558,663,1869,1895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, upon examination in 2009 and based on the original description, shows the colour pattern as described above (distinct anterior dark marking on the flanks, red dorsal markings forming a midventral line on the anterior part of the back. However, a specimen from Marojejy (the same as included in our molecular trees) as well as another specimen from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB1FFD2D6BD949FFB9DF841" box="[993,1044,1981,2007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality Montagne d'Ambre (see Glaw & Vences 2007: p. 403 and their fig 1f) show a rather uniform dorsum with no or few red markings which do not form a longitudinal line. Whether this variation is related to the substantial molecular variation observed among these populations and among specimens from Montagne d'Ambre requires further study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB0FFD3D5CB920FFEB7FBA4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D5CB920FFB35FED1" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" box="[151,1212,301,327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Variation within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D4DB920FFDD8FED0" box="[391,593,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D4DB920FFDD8FED0" box="[391,593,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex and recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D6FE920FFB8AFED0" box="[930,1027,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D6FE920FFB8AFED0" box="[930,1027,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at species level
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D59A9270FEABFC91" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Within
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D47C9270FE7AFEFD" box="[288,499,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D47C9270FE66FEFD" box="[288,495,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">P. quadriocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
uncorrected p-distances for cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D6839270FC67FEFD" box="[991,1006,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">b</emphasis>
|
||
reach 13.4% and three main clades seem to be distinguishable by the mtDNA markers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D646925AFC04FE04" box="[794,909,376,402]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,256,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma lineata group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/194701/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
), although nuclear markers do not provide resolution (and show evidence of ancestral polymorphism) at this level. One of these likely corresponds to typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D5B292E0FE31FE4D" box="[238,440,450,475]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D5B292E0FE31FE4D" box="[238,440,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and appears to be distributed over much of the mid-altitude localities in the northern central east and southern central east, from Sahatelaka (near Lake Alaotra) to Ranomafana. A second clade was found in the lowlands of the southern central east and south east (Ifanadiana and Ste. Luce). The specimens from these two sites are distinctly smaller and have a different pattern of red dorsal markings than those from nearby Ranomafana, and thus corresponded to the current subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D129917AFA1DFDE7" box="[1141,1428,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D129917AFA1DFDE7" box="[1141,1428,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. quadriocellata parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens from lower elevations in the northern central east (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB0FFD3D62A915FFC3FFD01" box="[886,950,637,663]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nosy</collectingCountry>
|
||
Boraha and Mahasoa) clustered together (uncorrected p-distance for the 16S gene 2.2%) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D7819180FCADFD2A" box="[733,804,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,256,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma lineata group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194701/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) and correspond morphologically to two subspecies: specimens from Mahasoa possibly to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D72691EAFC85FD77" box="[634,780,712,737]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="lepida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D72691EAFC85FD77" box="[634,780,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. lepida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB0FFD3D14391EAFBE8FD74" box="[1055,1121,712,738]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nosy</collectingCountry>
|
||
Boraha possibly to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D03891EAFE92FC90" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="bimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D03891EAFE92FC90" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. bimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D59A9030FEB7FBA4" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Given that especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D48D9030FDF7FCBD" box="[465,638,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D48D9030FDF7FCBD" box="[465,638,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D7E39030FC8DFCBD" box="[703,772,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D7E39030FC8DFCBD" box="[703,772,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur in close geographic proximity (Ranomafana vs. Ifanadiana) but each of them is genetically and morphologically constant over wide areas of eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB0FFD3D5CB907FFEB9FCE1" box="[151,304,861,887]" name="Madagascar" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D418907FFD9BFCE1" authority="Ste Luce" authorityName="Ste Luce" box="[324,530,861,887]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D418907FFE07FCE0" box="[324,398,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">parva</emphasis>
|
||
: Ste Luce
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southern central east to Ifanadiana in the southern central east;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D5CB90A0FE6EFC0A" authority="Ranomafana" authorityName="Ranomafana" box="[151,487,898,924]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D5CB90A0FECAFC0D" box="[151,323,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
: Ranomafana
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southern central east to Sahatelaka in the northern central east;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D04090A0FAEBFC0A" box="[1308,1378,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,256,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,346,1718]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. BI tree of available sequences of a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene in specimens of the Phelsuma lineata group. Branches in bold are supported by PP values of 100; other relevant PP values above 50 are given as numbers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194701/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), we hypothesize that these two taxa are distinct at the species level, and consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D17A908AFB6FFC57" box="[1062,1254,936,961]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D17A908AFB6FFC57" box="[1062,1254,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as full species. Average cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D4C690EFFE20FC70" box="[410,425,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">b</emphasis>
|
||
distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D7C990EFFC0CFC70" box="[661,901,973,998]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D7C990EFFC0CFC70" box="[661,901,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D69D90EFFBAFFC70" box="[961,1062,973,998]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D69D90EFFBAFFC70" box="[961,1062,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are high (11.9%), and average distances within
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D42C90D0FE5EFB9D" box="[368,471,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. p a r v a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D74790D0FC90FB9D" box="[539,793,1010,1035]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D74790D0FC90FB9D" box="[539,793,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are high as well, 7.3% and 5.6% respectively, for cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D474973AFEBEFBA7" box="[296,311,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">b</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB0FFD3D59A971FFCDCF911" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D59A971FFE8CFA31" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D59A971FFE0FFBC0" box="[198,390,1085,1110]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D59A971FFE0FFBC0" box="[198,390,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the smallest species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D6E7971FFBA6FBC0" box="[955,1071,1085,1110]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D6E7971FFBA6FBC0" box="[955,1071,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; its total length does not reach more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B45FFB0FFD3D4469740FEE6FBEA" box="[282,367,1122,1148]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB0FFD3D4DC9740FD9AFBEA" author="Meier" box="[384,531,1122,1148]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Meier, H. (1983) Neue Ergebnisse uber Phelsuma lineata pusilla Mertens, 1964, Phelsuma bimaculata Kaudern, 1922 und Phelsuma quadriocellata (Peters, 1883), mit Beschreibung von zwei neuen Unterarten (Sauria: Gekkonidae). Salamandra, 19, 108 - 122." type="journal article" year="1983">Meier 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Glaw & Vences 2007). The body has a slender shape with a bright green colouration. It has distinct red spots on the back and a dark spot behind the forelimb that is variable in size, more or less round and often surrounded by a blue ring.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D67F978FFC68FB50" box="[803,993,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D67F978FFC68FB50" box="[803,993,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterised by 7–10 supralabialia (min-max), 7–8 infralabialia (min-max). Selected morphological characters of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB0FFD3D19097F0FABFFB7A" box="[1228,1334,1234,1260]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(ZFMK 19315,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D5B397DAFEBDFA84" box="[239,308,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,255,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1570]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,187,1570]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Holotypes of (a) Phelsuma dorsivittata (SMF 59373) and (b) Phelsuma parva (ZFMK 19315) in dorsal and ventral view, as photographed in August 2009. Scale bars represent 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194702/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D43997DAFDADFA87" box="[357,548,1272,1297]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D43997DAFDADFA87" box="[357,548,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are as follows: SVL 36.2 mm; TL 80.6; 7/7 supralabials; 7/7 infralabials; 1 internasal; nostril in contact with rostral and first supralabial; 22 preanofemoral pores; mental triangle-shaped; dorsals, ventrals, and subcaudals keeled. For a more detailed description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB0FFD3D16F9660FB13FACA" box="[1075,1178,1346,1372]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B51FFB0FFD3D1919660FAE5FACA" author="Meier" box="[1229,1388,1346,1372]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Meier, H. (1983) Neue Ergebnisse uber Phelsuma lineata pusilla Mertens, 1964, Phelsuma bimaculata Kaudern, 1922 und Phelsuma quadriocellata (Peters, 1883), mit Beschreibung von zwei neuen Unterarten (Sauria: Gekkonidae). Salamandra, 19, 108 - 122." type="journal article" year="1983">Meier (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. All specimens collected by us and included in our molecular trees agree in size and colour closely with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB0FFD3D5CB96AFFE8BFA31" box="[151,258,1421,1447]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D59A9690FCDCF911" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Specimens assigned to the newly defined species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D64B9691FC51FA5A" box="[791,984,1459,1484]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D64B9691FC51FA5A" box="[791,984,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phelsuma parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not form a monophyletic group in the analysis based on nuclear DNA sequences (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D7AE96FAFCC9FA64" box="[754,832,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
c). However, the same would also be true for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D0D996FAFECDF980" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D0D996FAFECDF980" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57C9FFB0FFD3D41696DFFE48F981" box="[330,449,1533,1559]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D4B896DFFDA1F980" box="[484,552,1533,1558]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D4B896DFFDA1F980" box="[484,552,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was seen as subspecies of such an inclusive species. Moreover, the fact that rather well-defined species such as
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D73F9501FBC3F9AA" box="[611,1098,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D73F9501FD70F9AA" box="[611,761,1571,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">P. antanosy</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D65B9501FC32F9AA" box="[775,955,1571,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comorensis">P. comorensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D6959501FBCCF9AA" box="[969,1093,1571,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">P. pusilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D1D79501FB69F9AA" box="[1163,1248,1571,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kely">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D1D79501FB69F9AA" box="[1163,1248,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. kely</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cluster among individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D41C956AFE29F9F7" box="[320,416,1608,1633]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D41C956AFE29F9F7" box="[320,416,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D485956AFDCDF9F7" box="[473,580,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. l i n e a t a</emphasis>
|
||
in the nuclear gene tree indicates that these placements are probably due to incomplete lineage sorting in these complexes of species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357652BFFB0FFD0D59A95B0FDACFDE4" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB0FFD3D59A95B0FD04F841" blockId="21.[151,1437,301,2007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
The recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D4EB95B1FD95F93A" box="[439,540,1683,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D4EB95B1FD95F93A" box="[439,540,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at species level also rises questions about the status of individuals here assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D478959AFE6CF947" box="[292,485,1720,1745]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="bimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D478959AFE6CF947" box="[292,485,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. bimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D77C959AFD2FF947" box="[544,678,1720,1745]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="lepida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D77C959AFD2FF947" box="[544,678,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. lepida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which in the mitochondrial analysis form a clade with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D065959AFA15F947" box="[1337,1436,1720,1745]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D065959AFA15F947" box="[1337,1436,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D47C95FFFD85F960" box="[288,524,1757,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="quadriocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D47C95FFFD85F960" box="[288,524,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. q. quadriocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB0FFD3D74295FFFDEEF961" box="[542,615,1757,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). These forms have distinct differences in colour patterns from each other, from
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D47C9421FD84F88A" box="[288,525,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D47C9421FD80F88A" box="[288,521,1795,1820]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quadriocellata" subSpecies="quadriocellata">P. q. quadriocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and from
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D7D99421FD63F88A" box="[645,746,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. p a r v a.</emphasis>
|
||
We have little doubts that they are to be assigned to one or possibly even two separate species. However, the nomenclatural situation is convoluted because (1) a clear definition of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB0FFD3D4F8946FFDA1F8F0" box="[420,552,1869,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D4F8946FFDA1F8F0" box="[420,552,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">bimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a re-examination of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68802FFB0FFD3D6D0946FFC37F8F1" box="[908,958,1869,1895]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is missing, and (2) our analysis does not include topotypical samples of
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB0FFD3D7329451FD3EF81A" box="[622,695,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">lepida</emphasis>
|
||
(which was described from near Andapa in the North-East), so that the identity of this taxon requires confirmation too. We therefore here refrain from taxonomic conclusions and postpone these to forthcoming studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB3FFD0D5CB93BAFD60FF24" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,626]" box="[151,745,152,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Phenotypic characterization of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D77393BAFD14FF27" box="[559,669,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D77393BAFD14FF27" box="[559,669,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB3FFD0D59A939FFC65FE21" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D5A3939FFE47FF40" box="[255,462,189,214]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D5A3939FFE47FF40" box="[255,462,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Phelsuma lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group is characterized by a predominant green colour with usually a pattern of lateral/sublateral stripes, typically with keeled ventral and subcaudal scales (except
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D1D993C0FEEEFEB7" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D1D993C0FAF7FF6D" box="[1157,1406,226,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="punctulata">P. lineata punctulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D0DA93C0FEEEFEB7" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="elanthana">P. lineata elanthana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D4FD922AFDC9FEB7" box="[417,576,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. c o m o re n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
), absence of rostral-nostril contact, a relatively low number of midbody scales (below 98, except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D4AD920FFDF5FED0" box="[497,636,301,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antanosy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D4AD920FFDF5FED0" box="[497,636,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. antanosy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and absence of size-reduced vertebral scales (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CF031BFFB3FFD0D1EF920FFAB0FED1" box="[1203,1337,301,327]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,242,151,175]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,239,725,749]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,426,1746]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Body size, colour characters and egg-laying behaviour of recognized Phelsuma species and subspecies. Abbreviations: TL, maximum total length; SVL, maximum snout-vent length (both in mm). Colour is coded as follows: green, predominant colour green or blue; grey, predominant colour grey or brown (not green); interm., intermediate or mixed colour. Pattern: strong, contrast of main pattern compared with ground colour strong respectively weak, or intermediate. Stripes: tendency of dorsal or dorsolateral stripes present, absent, or intermediate; elongated patches on head, neck and lower back not considered as stripes. Lateral stripes: dark lateral / sublateral stripes present, absent or weak. Phelsuma can either glue their eggs to the substrate (+) or not (-). Missing data are represented by question marks (?)." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Selected scale characters in species and subspecies of day geckos. Abbreviations: SL, number of supralabials" httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" tableUuid-0="DF326628FFA1FFC2D5CB93B5FF32FE19">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D0DA920FFF60FEFD" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D0DA920FFF60FEFD" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group shares with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D4A89270FD09FEFD" box="[500,640,338,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D4A89270FD09FEFD" box="[500,640,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. laticauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (see below), which is its sister group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A25FFB3FFD0D1CD9270FB53FEFA" box="[1169,1242,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,258,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1665]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Molecular phylogeny of the Phelsuma lineata group (clade J), the P. laticauda group (clade K) and P. klemmeri as calculated from the multi-gene dataset of Rocha et al. (2009). Shown are the respective clades from the Bayesian 50 % majority-rule consensus trees based on (a) the combined dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, (b) the mitochondrial genes only, and (c) the nuclear genes only. See caption to Fig. 2 for further explanations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194700/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), the non-gluing behaviour and absence of nostril-rostral contact, but species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D6FD925AFBA5FE07" box="[929,1068,376,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D6FD925AFBA5FE07" box="[929,1068,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. laticauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group have smooth ventral and subcaudal scales, and several of them have size-reduced vertebral scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236A0FFB3FFD0D59892E0FDACFDE4" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D5A692E0FEE2FE4D" box="[250,363,450,475]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D5A692E0FEE2FE4D" box="[250,363,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group as defined here is one of the genetically most diverse clades within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D1B092E0FAE8FE4D" box="[1260,1377,450,475]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D1B092E0FAE8FE4D" box="[1260,1377,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Phelsuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and will probably turn out to be the most species-rich clade after a thorough taxonomic study. We had no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D07292CAFE9EFDB0" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="punctulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D07292CAFE9EFDB0" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. lineata punctulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D23FFB3FFD0D41C912FFDE2FDB0" box="[320,619,525,550]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Phelsuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lineata" subSpecies="bombetokensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAB2FFB3FFD0D41C912FFDE2FDB0" box="[320,619,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. lineata bombetokensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available but considering their isolate distribution (in central North and North-West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7630FFB3FFD0D4009110FE64FDDA" box="[348,493,562,588]" name="Madagascar" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively) it is possible that these taxa will again turn out to be genetically differentiated from the remaining.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |