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<mods:title id="3FC46FEE08BB89D7A52C6A970B895180">Diplecogaster tonstricula, a new species of cleaning clingfish (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae) from the Canary Islands and Senegal, eastern Atlantic Ocean, with a review of the Diplecogaster-ctenocrypta species-group</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A20FFEAACD2FC21FCBDFC21" blockId="6.[426,889,863,958]" box="[464,852,898,923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Eastern Atlantic cleaner clingfish</paragraph>
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(
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Figures 1
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6
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<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAADA2FC41FE2BFC41" box="[160,450,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Diplecogaster ctenocrypta</emphasis>
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(
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, figures 364
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366 (Canary Islands: El Hierro, Tenerife, Fuerteventura,
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10
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38 m
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A20FFEAAE58FBA5FBD4FBA4" author="Brito" box="[858,1085,1030,1054]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brito" page="98" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" pagination="93 - 109" refId="ref6527" refString="Brito A, Falcon JM, Herrera R. 2007. Caracteristicas zoogeograficas de la ictiofauna litoral de las islas de Cabo Verde y comparacion con los archipielagos Macaronesicos. Rev Acad Canar Cienc. 18: 93 - 109." type="journal article" year="2007">Brito et al. 2007: 98</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A20FFEAA94BFBA5FEE9FBFB" author="Wirtz" firstAuthor="Wirtz" page="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" pagination="40 - 42" refId="ref7629" refString="Wirtz P. 2010. Senegal. ' Neue ' Fische und Wirbellose an Dakars Kuste. Aquar Terrar Z. 2010: 40 - 42." type="journal article" year="2010">Wirtz 2010: 42</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC81148A20FFEAAC7DFB8AFDCBFBFB" author="Wirtz P" box="[383,546,1065,1089]" page="78" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A20FFEAAC7DFB8AFDCBFBFB" author="Wirtz" box="[383,546,1065,1089]" firstAuthor="Wirtz" page="78" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" pagination="77 - 81" refId="ref7656" refString="Wirtz P. 2012. Seven new records of fish from NGor Island, Senegal. Arquipelago Life Mar Sci. 29: 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="2012">Wirtz 2012: 78</bibRefCitation>
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(Ngor Island,
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southsouth-west of
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14°43.806
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N
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17°32.046
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,
<collectorName id="26B8C2D38A20FFEAA924FBDDFB69FB2C" box="[1062,1152,1150,1174]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">P. Wirtz</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFF381C58A20FFEAADA2FB02FE63FB03" box="[160,394,1184,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" value="2009-10-20" valueMax="2009-10-24" valueMin="2009-10-20">
<collectingDate id="EFB7782D8A20FFEAADA2FB02FE63FB03" box="[160,394,1184,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" value="2009-10-20" valueMax="2009-10-24" valueMin="2009-10-20">
20
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAADB9FB03FF21FB02" box="[187,200,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
24 October 2009
</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A20FFEAADA2FB71FC79FACC" blockId="6.[160,1156,1234,1398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">
<materialsCitation id="3B25AD588A20FFEAADA2FB71FE4EFB51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2831772304" box="[160,423,1234,1259]" collectionCode="CCML" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAADA2FB71FEE3FB51" box="[160,266,1234,1259]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">
<typeStatus id="54F619A78A20FFEAADA2FB71FEE3FB51" box="[160,266,1234,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="ED5C3FC08A20FFEAAC1BFB70FEB3FB51" box="[281,346,1235,1259]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nz92-7j3b" name="Coleccion Ictiologica del Departamento de Ciencias Marinas de la Universidad de la Laguna" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">CCML</collectionCode>
uncat
</materialsCitation>
.,
<materialsCitation id="3B25AD588A20FFEAACB5FB70FD65FAB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2831772319" county="Eastern Atlantic Ocean" location="Fuerteventura" municipality="Canary Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D4B6C8C8A20FFEAACB5FB70FDAEFB51" box="[439,583,1235,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAAF51FB70FD1BFB51" box="[595,754,1235,1259]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0799999999999996" metricValueMax="2.29" metricValueMin="1.8699999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="mm" value="20.799999999999997" valueMax="22.9" valueMin="18.7">
18.7
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAF83FB70FD67FB51" box="[641,654,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
22.9 mm
</quantity>
SL,
<collectingCounty id="6293DF898A20FFEAAE27FB70FBC3FB51" box="[805,1066,1235,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Eastern Atlantic Ocean</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B963D7F8A20FFEAA934FB70FF06FAB4" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Canary Islands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E92F1DE8A20FFEAAC02FB55FE48FAB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E416138A20FFE0ACA8FCFCFECAFD6B:8E92F1DE8A20FFEAAC02FB55FE48FAB4" box="[256,417,1270,1294]" county="Eastern Atlantic Ocean" municipality="Canary Islands" name="Fuerteventura" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Fuerteventura</location>
,
<location id="8E92F1DE8A20FFEAACB3FB55FD99FAB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E416138A20FFE0ACA8FCFCFECAFD6B:8E92F1DE8A20FFEAACB3FB55FD99FAB4" box="[433,624,1270,1294]" county="Eastern Atlantic Ocean" municipality="Canary Islands" name="Morro del Jable" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Morro del Jable</location>
,
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAF83FB56FD65FAB4" box="[641,652,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">c</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B25AD588A20FFEAAF8DFB55FF12FA8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2831772308" collectionCode="R, V" elevation="38" latitude="28.045" location="Ventura" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-14.353333" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<geoCoordinate id="EE79C1C28A20FFEAAF8DFB55FCF8FAB4" box="[655,785,1270,1294]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" precision="15" seconds="42" value="28.045">
28°02
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAFD3FB55FD3EFAB4" bold="true" box="[721,727,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹ</emphasis>
42
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAFF0FB55FD17FAB4" bold="true" box="[754,766,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹʹ</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE79C1C28A20FFEAAE21FB55FC41FAB4" box="[803,936,1270,1294]" degrees="14" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-14.353333">
14°21
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAE60FB55FC81FAB4" bold="true" box="[866,872,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹ</emphasis>
12
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAE81FB55FC66FAB4" bold="true" box="[899,911,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="006040368A20FFEAAEBBFB55FBA5FAB4" box="[953,1100,1270,1294]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="m" value="38.0">
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAAEBBFB55FC11FAB4" box="[953,1016,1270,1294]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5C3FC08A20FFEAA95FFB55FB85FAB4" box="[1117,1132,1270,1294]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED5C3FC08A20FFEAA971FB55FB6AFAB4" box="[1139,1155,1270,1294]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<location id="8E92F1DE8A20FFEAADA2FABAFF12FA8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E416138A20FFE0ACA8FCFCFECAFD6B:8E92F1DE8A20FFEAADA2FABAFF12FA8B" box="[160,251,1305,1329]" latitude="28.045" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-14.353333" name="Ventura" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Ventura</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
<collectionCode id="ED5C3FC08A20FFEAAC0CFABAFED6FA8B" box="[270,319,1305,1329]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
uncat.
<materialsCitation id="3B25AD588A20FFEAACA1FABAFDA4FACC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2831772320" country="Senegal" elevation="28" latitude="14.7301" location="La Pointe des Almades" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-17.5341" municipality="Eastern Atlantic Ocean" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Dakar" typeStatus="paratype">
[ex. 40089],
<specimenCount id="9D4B6C8C8A20FFEAAF3EFABAFD3BFA8B" box="[572,722,1305,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAAFE7FABAFC62FA8B" box="[741,907,1304,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6450000000000002" metricValueMax="2.1100000000000003" metricValueMin="1.1800000000000002" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="mm" value="16.45" valueMax="21.1" valueMin="11.8">
11.8
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAE16FABBFCC8FA8A" box="[788,801,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
21.1 mm
</quantity>
SL,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B963D7F8A20FFEAAEC9FABAFF03FAE9" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Eastern Atlantic Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35AE7958A20FFEAADFCFA98FEB0FAE9" box="[254,345,1339,1363]" name="Senegal" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Senegal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="498969E78A20FFEAAC6CFA98FE58FAE9" box="[366,433,1339,1363]" country="Senegal" name="Dakar" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Dakar</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAACC4FA98FDF5FAE9" box="[454,540,1339,1363]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="km" value="1.3">1.3 km</quantity>
south-south-west of
<location id="8E92F1DE8A20FFEAAE28FA98FBA3FAE9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E416138A20FFE0ACA8FCFCFECAFD6B:8E92F1DE8A20FFEAAE28FA98FBA3FAE9" box="[810,1098,1339,1363]" country="Senegal" latitude="14.7301" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-17.5341" municipality="Eastern Atlantic Ocean" name="La Pointe des Almades" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" stateProvince="Dakar">La Pointe des Almades</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE79C1C28A20FFEAA95DFA98FEEAFACC" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="43.806" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" precision="1" value="14.7301">
14° 43.806
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAADE8FAFDFF19FACC" bold="true" box="[234,240,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹ</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE79C1C28A20FFEAAC12FAFDFE75FACC" box="[272,412,1374,1398]" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="32.046" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" precision="1" value="-17.5341">
17°32.046
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAC7FFAFDFE6AFACC" bold="true" box="[381,387,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="006040368A20FFEAACAAFAFDFDD8FACC" box="[424,561,1374,1398]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="m" value="28.0">
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAACAAFAFDFE0BFACC" box="[424,482,1374,1398]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, P
</materialsCitation>
. Wirtz,
<date id="FFF381C58A20FFEAAFA3FAFDFC62FACC" box="[673,907,1374,1398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" value="2009-10-20" valueMax="2009-10-24" valueMin="2009-10-20">
20
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAFBFFAFDFD23FACC" box="[701,714,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
24 October 2009
</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A20FFEAADA2FA10FE23F905" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A20FFEAADA2FA10FEFDFA77" blockId="6.[160,1156,1459,1727]" box="[160,276,1459,1485]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">
<heading id="D0BA10698A20FFEAADA2FA10FEFDFA77" box="[160,276,1459,1485]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAADA2FA10FEFDFA77" bold="true" box="[160,276,1459,1485]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" reason="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A20FFEAADA2FA74FE23F905" blockId="6.[160,1156,1459,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">
A species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A20FFEAAC3DFA75FE3FFA55" authorityName="Fraser-Brunner" authorityYear="1938" box="[319,470,1494,1519]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAC3DFA75FE3FFA55" box="[319,470,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737">Diplecogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 9 dorsal-fin rays, 8 anal-fin rays, 24
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAEC8FA74FC3EFA55" box="[970,983,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
25 pectoral-fin rays, and 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAC33FA59FED7F9A8" box="[305,318,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
15 principal caudal-fin rays; 13
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAFA8FA59FD5EF9A8" box="[682,695,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
16 rakers on third gill arch; pelvic disc without lateral papillae in region A; disc region B with 2 rows of weak papillae; principal caudal-fin rays 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAACDFF99CFE03F9ED" box="[477,490,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
15; interorbital distance
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A20FFEAAE09F99CFC92F9ED" box="[779,891,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1049" metricValueMax="1.1683999999999999" metricValueMin="1.0413999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" unit="in" value="4.35" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.1">
4.1
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAE2EF99CFCD0F9ED" box="[812,825,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
4.6 in
</quantity>
head length; distance between disc and anus 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAACE3F9C1FE07F9C0" box="[481,494,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
17% of SL; head and body with 10
<emphasis id="B9397B178A20FFEAAE9FF9C1FC43F9C0" box="[925,938,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="737"></emphasis>
13 narrow vertical brownish bars; cheek with a white ocellus surrounded by black, and with a small
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A20FFEAADA2F904FEF1F905" authorityName="F. A. Wolf" box="[160,280,1703,1727]" canonicalName="Diplocarpon rosae" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Drepanopezizaceae" genus="Diplocarpon" kingdom="Fungi" language="eng" order="Helotiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="737" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rosae">black spot</vernacularName>
in the middle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A21FFEBADA2FD51FE0EFC9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" startId="7.[160,225,754,777]" targetBox="[165,1150,143,720]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADA2FD51FE0EFC9D" blockId="7.[160,1155,754,807]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBADA2FD51FF17FCB3" bold="true" box="[160,254,754,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A21FFEBAC05FD51FE1EFCB3" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[263,503,754,777]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAC05FD51FE1EFCB3" box="[263,503,754,777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A21FFEBAF03FD51FDD4FCB3" box="[513,573,754,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ZSM 40089, holotype, 21.3 mm SL, Senegal. (A) Lateral view; (B) dorsal view.
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A21FFEBAC7FFCB3FE74FC9D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[381,413,784,807]" canonicalName="Lampetra fluviatilis" class="Petromyzonti" family="Petromyzontidae" genus="Lampetra" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Petromyzontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Bar</vernacularName>
3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A21FFE4ADA2FC23FEC2F90A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="739" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADA2FC23FECFFC20" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" box="[160,294,896,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
<heading id="D0BA10698A21FFEBADA2FC23FECFFC20" box="[160,294,896,922]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBADA2FC23FECFFC20" bold="true" box="[160,294,896,922]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADA2FC07FE3BFC65" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
Dorsal-fin ix; anal-fin viii; pectoral-fin xxiv-xxv; caudal-fin xiv-xv. Gill rakers on 3rd arch 13
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBADB9FC64FF21FC65" box="[187,200,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
16, very small, pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADC2FC4AFD79FB9E" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">Teeth small, conical, slightly recurved, in patches towards the front of each jaw, narrowing to a line of single teeth laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADC2FB8CFCF6FBD3" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
Head lateral line system with 3 pores in nasal canal, 3 pores in postorbital canal, and 2 pores in lacrymal canal (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A21FFEBACB5FBF2FDFCFBD3" box="[439,533,1105,1129]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,932,955]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,143,900]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[163,1153,142,901]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., CCML uncat., paratype, specimen 1, 22.9 mm SL. Head lateral line system. (A) Dorsal view of head; (B) ventral view of head. Bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989737/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">Figure 3</figureCitation>
); no mandibular pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFEBADC2FBD7FDD5FA7E" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
Head broad, depressed. Head length 36.2
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAFA2FBD7FD44FB36" box="[672,685,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
36.6% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAE27FBD7FC7CFB36" box="[805,917,1140,1164]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.985" metricValueMax="7.111999999999999" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="2.75" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.7">
2.7
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE45FBD7FCBDFB36" box="[839,852,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
2.8 in
</quantity>
SL). Maximum body depth 17.1
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAC1FFB34FEC3FB15" box="[285,298,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
20.1% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBACA1FB34FDFDFB15" box="[419,532,1175,1199]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3462" metricValueMax="1.4731999999999998" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="5.3" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.8">
4.8
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBACC4FB34FE3AFB15" box="[454,467,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
5.8 in
</quantity>
SL). Maximum head width 24.0
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE8AFB34FC7CFB15" box="[904,917,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
24.1% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBA90DFB34FBB8FB15" box="[1039,1105,1175,1199]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.2">4.2 in</quantity>
SL). Maximum (horizontal) orbit diameter 10.3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF8CFB1AFD72FB6B" box="[654,667,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
11.5% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAE1BFB1AFC65FB6B" box="[793,908,1209,1233]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.509" metricValueMax="8.89" metricValueMin="8.128" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="3.35" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.2">
3.2
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE39FB1AFCA1FB6B" box="[827,840,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
3.5 in
</quantity>
head length).
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A21FFEBA943FB1AFB6AFB6B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1089,1155,1209,1233]" canonicalName="Hypena proboscidalis" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Hypena" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proboscidalis">Snout</vernacularName>
short, rounded (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A21FFEBAC66FB7FFE3DFB4E" box="[356,468,1244,1268]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="7.[160,225,754,777]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,143,720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[163,1151,142,723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 1. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., ZSM 40089, holotype, 21.3 mm SL, Senegal. (A) Lateral view; (B) dorsal view. Bar 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">Figure 1a</figureCitation>
). Preorbital length 7.5
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAFE6FB7FFD18FB4E" box="[740,753,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
9.6% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAE66FB7FFC31FB4E" box="[868,984,1244,1268]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1049" metricValueMax="1.2446" metricValueMin="0.9652" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.35" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="3.8">
3.8
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE84FB7FFC7AFB4E" box="[902,915,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
4.9 in
</quantity>
head length);
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A21FFEBADA2FB5CFF09FAAD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[160,224,1279,1303]" canonicalName="Hypena proboscidalis" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Hypena" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proboscidalis">snout</vernacularName>
slightly elongate in males. Interorbital distance 8.0
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE49FB5CFCB1FAAD" box="[843,856,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
8.7% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAEC8FB5CFBD4FAAD" box="[970,1085,1279,1303]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1049" metricValueMax="1.1683999999999999" metricValueMin="1.0413999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.35" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.1">
4.1
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAEEEFB5CFC10FAAD" box="[1004,1017,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
4.6 in
</quantity>
head length). Upper jaw length 11.8
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF02FA82FDE4FA83" box="[512,525,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
14.4% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAF81FA82FD1BFA83" box="[643,754,1313,1337]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.111999999999999" metricValueMax="7.874" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">
2.5
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAFA7FA82FD5BFA83" box="[677,690,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
3.1 in
</quantity>
head length). Anus situated closer to the anal-fin origin than to the disc; distance between disc and anus 14.4
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA90BFAE7FBFFFAE6" box="[1033,1046,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
16.8% SL, distance between anus and anal-fin origin 7.9
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAFB1FAC5FD29FAC4" box="[691,704,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
9.6% SL. Preanus length 58.3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA90CFAC5FBF2FAC4" box="[1038,1051,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
59.8% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBADA4FA2AFF02FA1B" box="[166,235,1417,1441]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="1.7">1.7 in</quantity>
SL). Caudal
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAC7BFA2AFE6FFA1B" box="[377,390,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
peduncle length 5.7
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF71FA2AFD69FA1B" box="[627,640,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
9.0% SL (11.0
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAE23FA2AFCC7FA1B" box="[801,814,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAE2CFA2AFC96FA1B" box="[814,895,1417,1441]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4704" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="17.6">17.6 in</quantity>
SL). Caudal
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA90FFA2AFBF3FA1B" box="[1037,1050,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
peduncle depth 13.3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAC19FA0FFEC1FA7E" box="[283,296,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
18.2% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAC9FFA0FFDE2FA7E" box="[413,523,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" metricValueMax="1.905" metricValueMin="1.397" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="6.5" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="5.5">
5.5
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBACBDFA0FFE25FA7E" box="[447,460,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
7.5 in
</quantity>
SL).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A21FFE4ADC2FA6CFE31FA12" blockId="7.[160,1157,896,1650]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1155,1389,1448]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="739" pageId="7" pageNumber="738">
Predorsal-fin length 65.2
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBACD6FA6DFE08FA5C" box="[468,481,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
71.6% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAF56FA6CFD35FA5D" box="[596,732,1486,1511]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7211" metricValueMax="3.8862" metricValueMin="3.5559999999999996" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="1.4649999999999999" valueMax="1.53" valueMin="1.4">
1.40
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF86FA6DFD78FA5C" box="[644,657,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
1.53 in
</quantity>
SL). Preanal-fin length 69.9
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA913FA6DFBF7FA5C" box="[1041,1054,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
74.3% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBADA4FA52FEFAF9B3" box="[166,275,1521,1545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" metricValueMax="3.5559999999999996" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">
1.3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBADCBFA52FF3FF9B3" box="[201,214,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
1.4 in
</quantity>
SL). Prepectoral-fin length 35.6
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF71FA52FD69F9B3" box="[627,640,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
36.1% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAFF3FA52FCD9F9B3" box="[753,816,1521,1545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.111999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="2.8">2.8 in</quantity>
SL). Prepelvic-fin length 24.3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA974FA52FB6AF9B3" box="[1142,1155,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
24.7% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAC11F9B7FEB8F996" box="[275,337,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.1">4.1 in</quantity>
SL). Predisc length 21.1
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAF5EF9B7FD80F996" box="[604,617,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
27.5% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBAFD9F9B7FCA1F996" box="[731,840,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0541" metricValueMax="1.1938" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.15" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.6">
3.6
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBAFFCF9B7FCE2F996" box="[766,779,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
4.7 in
</quantity>
SL). Disc length 19.2
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBA930F9B7FBD6F996" box="[1074,1087,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
21.4% SL (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A21FFEBADC8F994FED2F9F5" box="[202,315,1590,1615]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2573" metricValueMax="1.3208" metricValueMin="1.1938" pageId="7" pageNumber="738" unit="in" value="4.95" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.7">
4.7
<emphasis id="B9397B178A21FFEBADEFF995FF13F9F4" box="[237,250,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="738"></emphasis>
5.2 in
</quantity>
SL). Disc membrane inserting at base of 19th-21st pectoral-fin ray. Disc with 3 rows of papillae in region A, 2 rows of weak papillae in region B, and 4 rows of weak papillae in region C (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A2EFFE4ACE6FACDFDAFFA3C" box="[484,582,1390,1414]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1279,1302]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,143,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[163,1153,142,1248]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., CCML uncat., paratype, specimen 1, 22.9 mm SL. Pelvic disc. Bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989735/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). No lateral papillae in disc region A. Caudal-fin length 20.1% SL (5.0 in SL).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A2EFFE4ADA2FB5CFEE3FA89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989735" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989735/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" startId="8.[160,225,1279,1302]" targetBox="[163,1151,143,1248]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2EFFE4ADA2FB5CFEE3FA89" blockId="8.[160,1157,1279,1331]" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2EFFE4ADA2FB5CFF13FAAC" bold="true" box="[160,250,1279,1302]" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2EFFE4AC01FB5CFE06FAAC" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[259,495,1279,1302]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2EFFE4AC01FB5CFE06FAAC" box="[259,495,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2EFFE4ACF7FB5CFDC5FAAC" box="[501,556,1279,1302]" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, CCML uncat., paratype, specimen 1, 22.9 mm SL. Pelvic disc.
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2EFFE4ADA2FABFFF29FA89" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[160,192,1308,1331]" canonicalName="Lampetra fluviatilis" class="Petromyzonti" family="Petromyzontidae" genus="Lampetra" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Petromyzontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Bar</vernacularName>
1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2EFFE4ADA2FA4AFDF8F9B9" blockId="8.[160,1156,1513,1712]" box="[160,529,1513,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2EFFE4ADA2FA4AFDF8F9B9" box="[160,529,1513,1539]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2EFFE4ADA2FA4AFDF8F9B9" bold="true" box="[160,529,1513,1539]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" reason="3">
Colour in life (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A2EFFE4AC4FFA4AFE52F9B9" box="[333,443,1513,1539]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[160,225,729,752]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,697]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[163,1153,142,698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., Senegal, Ngor Island, 28 m depth. Photograph by P. Wirtz, October 2009." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989739/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">Figures 4</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A2EFFE4ACF8FA4AFDE0F9B9" box="[506,521,1513,1539]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[161,226,1699,1722]" captionTargetBox="[177,1137,1028,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[177,1137,1028,1668]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., Canary Islands, Tenerife, Rogelio. Photograph by Joaquín Guitérrez, February 2015." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989743/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">6</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2EFFE4ADA2F9ADFEC2F90A" blockId="8.[160,1156,1513,1712]" pageId="8" pageNumber="739">
Ground colouration of head and body usually bright orange, with narrow whitish or yellowish vertical bars, the first in the interorbital region. Preorbital section of head light
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2EFFE4ADA2F9F0FF3CF9D1" baseAuthorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[160,213,1619,1643]" canonicalName="Ipimorpha subtusa" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Ipimorpha" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtusa">olive</vernacularName>
green, which whitish streaks. Eye light
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2EFFE4AF92F9F0FD2CF9D1" baseAuthorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[656,709,1619,1643]" canonicalName="Ipimorpha subtusa" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Ipimorpha" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="739" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtusa">olive</vernacularName>
green, dorsal half with five brown bars; iris surrounded by bright yellow ring. Cheek with a white ocellus surrounded by black. Fins orange.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A2FFFE5ADA2FC07FC21FC62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989737/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" startId="9.[160,225,932,955]" targetBox="[163,1151,143,900]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FC07FC21FC62" blockId="9.[160,1155,932,984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADA2FC07FF17FC01" bold="true" box="[160,254,932,955]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AC05FC07FE1EFC01" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[263,503,932,955]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AC05FC07FE1EFC01" box="[263,503,932,955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2FFFE5AF00FC07FDD4FC01" box="[514,573,932,955]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, CCML uncat., paratype, specimen 1, 22.9 mm SL. Head lateral line system. (A) Dorsal view of head; (B) ventral view of head.
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2FFFE5AE5CFC62FC97FC62" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[862,894,961,984]" canonicalName="Lampetra fluviatilis" class="Petromyzonti" family="Petromyzontidae" genus="Lampetra" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Petromyzontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Bar</vernacularName>
1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A2FFFE5ADA2FBB1FD2AFB2E" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FBB1FE10FB96" blockId="9.[160,1155,1042,1172]" box="[160,505,1042,1068]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2FFFE5ADA2FBB1FE10FB96" box="[160,505,1042,1068]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADA2FBB1FE10FB96" bold="true" box="[160,505,1042,1068]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="3">Colour of preserved material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FB95FD2AFB2E" blockId="9.[160,1155,1042,1172]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
Head and body yellowish white, with 10
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AF7BFB95FD6FFBF4" box="[633,646,1078,1102]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
13 narrow vertical brownish bars (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A2FFFE5A915FB95FB9FFBF4" box="[1047,1142,1078,1102]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="7.[160,225,754,777]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,143,720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[163,1151,142,723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 1. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp., ZSM 40089, holotype, 21.3 mm SL, Senegal. (A) Lateral view; (B) dorsal view. Bar 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989733/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">Figure 1</figureCitation>
). Nape with
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2FFFE5AC18FBFAFE73FBCB" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[282,410,1113,1137]" canonicalName="Pieris rapae" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapae">small white</vernacularName>
spots. Cheek with a white ocellus surrounded by black, and with a small
<vernacularName id="054ED72B8A2FFFE5ADE1FBDFFEB1FB2E" authorityName="F. A. Wolf" box="[227,344,1148,1172]" canonicalName="Diplocarpon rosae" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Drepanopezizaceae" genus="Diplocarpon" kingdom="Fungi" language="eng" order="Helotiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rosae">black spot</vernacularName>
in the middle. Fins translucent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A2FFFE6ADA2FB63FB6DFB7E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="741" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FB63FEF4FB60" blockId="9.[160,1155,1216,1311]" box="[160,285,1216,1242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2FFFE5ADA2FB63FEF4FB60" box="[160,285,1216,1242]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADA2FB63FEF4FB60" bold="true" box="[160,285,1216,1242]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="3">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FB47FE97FAA5" blockId="9.[160,1155,1216,1311]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">Tonstricula (Latin) means little female barber. The name refers to the cleaning behaviour of the new species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FAE8FEC6FADF" blockId="9.[160,1156,1355,1727]" box="[160,303,1355,1381]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2FFFE5ADA2FAE8FEC6FADF" box="[160,303,1355,1381]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADA2FAE8FEC6FADF" bold="true" box="[160,303,1355,1381]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" reason="3">Comparison</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2FFFE5ADA2FACCFCD0F905" blockId="9.[160,1156,1355,1727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
The
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADDFFACDFE11FA3D" box="[221,504,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">Diplecogaster-ctenocrypta</emphasis>
group, comprising the species
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AE98FACDFBACFA3D" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[922,1093,1390,1415]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AE98FACDFBACFA3D" box="[922,1093,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5ADA2FA32FEDAFA10" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[160,307,1425,1450]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADA2FA32FEDAFA10" box="[160,307,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2FFFE5AC3EFA31FE92FA10" box="[316,379,1426,1450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, is characterised by a high number of 9 rays in the dorsal fin and
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2FFFE5A977FA31FF5CFA77" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
the anal fin (other species of the genus: 4
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AF93FA17FD77FA76" box="[657,670,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
8 rays in the dorsal fin, 3
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AEB7FA17FC2BFA76" box="[949,962,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
7 rays in the anal fin), and the position of the anus which is situated closer to the anal-fin origin than to the end of the disc (other species of the genus: situated in the middle between disc and anal-fin origin). Species of the group are further distinguished from
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AEDCF9BFFEF5F9ED" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AEDCF9BFFB96F98F" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[990,1151,1564,1589]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculata">D. bimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5ADA2F99DFEF5F9ED" authorityName="Murgoci" authorityYear="1964" box="[160,284,1598,1623]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euxinica">D. euxinica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AC5EF99DFE0FF9ED" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[348,486,1598,1623]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AC5EF99DFE0FF9ED" box="[348,486,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. pectoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AF87F99CFD7BF9ED" box="[645,658,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
15 caudal-fin rays (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2FFFE5AE72F99CFC3CF9ED" box="[880,981,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" metricValueMax="5.334" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" unit="in" value="19.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="18.0">
18
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AE8FF99CFC73F9ED" box="[909,922,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
21 in
</quantity>
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AEE2F99DFEF3F9C0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AEE2F99DFB96F9ED" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[992,1151,1598,1623]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculata">D. bimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5ADA2F9C2FEF3F9C0" authorityName="Murgoci" authorityYear="1964" box="[160,282,1633,1658]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euxinica">D. euxinica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AC54F9C2FE0FF9C0" box="[342,486,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AC54F9C2FE37F9C0" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[342,478,1633,1658]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">D. pectoralis</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
, and lacking lateral papillae in disc region A (many lateral papillae present in
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AC7BF927FD70F927" box="[377,665,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AC7BF927FDFCF927" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[377,533,1668,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculata">D. bimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AF23F927FD70F927" authorityName="Murgoci" authorityYear="1964" box="[545,665,1668,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euxinica">D. euxinica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AFD1F927FCB3F927" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[723,858,1668,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AFD1F927FCB3F927" box="[723,858,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. pectoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and from
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AEDCF927FB8FF927" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[990,1126,1668,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalops">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AEDCF927FB8FF927" box="[990,1126,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. megalops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 13
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5ADB9F904FF21F905" box="[187,200,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
16 rakers on third gill arch (7
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AF14F904FDCAF905" box="[534,547,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740"></emphasis>
9 rakers in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2FFFE5AFA1F905FCC5F905" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[675,812,1702,1727]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="740" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalops">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2FFFE5AFA1F905FCC5F905" box="[675,812,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="740">D. megalops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A2CFFE6ADA2FD7AFEC7FCB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989739" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989739/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" startId="10.[160,225,729,752]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,697]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADA2FD7AFEC7FCB7" blockId="10.[160,1157,728,781]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6ADA2FD7AFF12FD4A" bold="true" box="[160,251,729,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AC06FD7BFE18FD55" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[260,497,728,751]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AC06FD7BFE18FD55" box="[260,497,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2CFFE6ACFBFD7AFDD8FD4A" box="[505,561,729,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Senegal, Ngor Island, 28 m depth. Photograph by P. Wirtz, October 2009.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADC2FCF3FB96FBC4" blockId="10.[160,1156,848,1220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6ADC2FCF3FE38FCD3" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[192,465,848,873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6ADC2FCF3FE38FCD3" box="[192,465,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2CFFE6ACD9FCF2FDF3FCD3" box="[475,538,849,873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AFB1FCF3FCBCFCD3" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[691,853,848,873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AFB1FCF3FCBCFCD3" box="[691,853,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the pelvic disc without lateral papillae in region A (lateral papillae present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AE54FCD0FC1DFC36" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[854,1012,883,908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AE54FCD0FC1DFC36" box="[854,1012,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), disc region B with 2 rows of papillae (5 rows in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AF63FC36FCEDFC14" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[609,772,917,942]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AF63FC36FCEDFC14" box="[609,772,917,942]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), lacking mandibular pores (one mandibula pore present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6ACD4FC1AFD96FC6B" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[470,639,953,977]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">D. ctenocrypta</taxonomicName>
), principal caudal-fin rays 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AEBDFC1BFC25FC6A" box="[959,972,952,976]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
15 (16 rays in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6A96EFC1BFEC9FC4E" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6A96EFC1BFEC9FC4E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the interorbital distance
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2CFFE6AF54FC7FFD2DFC4E" box="[598,708,987,1012]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1049" metricValueMax="1.1683999999999999" metricValueMin="1.0413999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" unit="in" value="4.35" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.1">
4.1
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AF75FC78FD6DFC49" box="[631,644,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
4.6 in
</quantity>
head length (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2CFFE6AE68FC7FFC45FC4E" box="[874,940,988,1012]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" unit="in" value="5.4">5.4 in</quantity>
head length in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6A96EFC78FEC9FBAC" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6A96EFC78FEC9FBAC" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the distance between disc and anus 14
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AE1FFC5DFCC3FBAC" box="[797,810,1022,1046]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
17% of SL (19% of SL in
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6A96EFC5EFEC9FB83" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6A96EFC5EFEC9FB83" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and 13
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AC85FB82FE7DFB83" box="[391,404,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
16 rakers on third gill arch (
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2CFFE6AFD8FB82FCFFFB83" box="[730,790,1057,1081]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" unit="in" value="18.0">18 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AE22FB83FC28FB83" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[800,961,1056,1081]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AE22FB83FC28FB83" box="[800,961,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The live colour pattern of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AC1BFBE0FE51FBE6" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[281,440,1091,1116]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AC1BFBE0FE51FBE6" box="[281,440,1091,1116]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unknown, but the
<typeStatus id="54F619A78A2CFFE6AFAFFBE7FCF8FBE6" box="[685,785,1092,1116]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">holotype</typeStatus>
is pale, without traces of bands, while the head and body of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6ACEBFBC6FD11FBC4" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[489,760,1125,1150]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6ACEBFBC6FD11FBC4" box="[489,760,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2CFFE6AE02FBC5FCD7FBC4" box="[768,830,1126,1150]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is covered with 10
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6A91AFBC5FBCCFBC4" box="[1048,1061,1126,1150]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
13 bars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADC2FB2AFB6DFB7E" blockId="10.[160,1156,848,1220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AC85FB2BFDF3FB1B" authorityName="Fraser-Brunner" authorityYear="1938" box="[391,538,1160,1185]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AC85FB2BFDF3FB1B" box="[391,538,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Diplecogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished with an identification key (see above). Counts and proportions of the species of the genus are compared in
<tableCitation id="C6CF92BE8A2CFFE6A92FFB0FFB97FB7E" box="[1069,1150,1196,1220]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[159,215,669,692]" captionTargetBox="[170,1727,734,1193]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of counts and proportions of the species of Diplecogaster. Character states significantly differing from those of the new species are printed in bold face." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32F78D8A27FFEDAD9DFD3EFEF7FD6B" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" tableUuid="DF32F78D8A27FFEDAD9DFD3EFEF7FD6B">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A2CFFE6ADA2FB59FEE1FA5E" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADA2FB59FE2AFAAE" blockId="10.[160,1155,1274,1508]" box="[160,451,1274,1300]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2CFFE6ADA2FB59FE2AFAAE" box="[160,451,1274,1300]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6ADA2FB59FE2AFAAE" bold="true" box="[160,451,1274,1300]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" reason="3">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADA2FABCFEE1FA5E" blockId="10.[160,1155,1274,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
Eastern Atlantic Ocean: Canary Islands (El Hierro, Tenerife, Fuerteventura),
<collectingCountry id="F35AE7958A2CFFE6A928FABCFB6AFA8D" box="[1066,1155,1311,1335]" name="Senegal" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="498969E78A2CFFE6ADA4FAE2FF05FAE3" box="[166,236,1345,1369]" country="Senegal" name="Dakar" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Dakar</collectingRegion>
). Probably more widespread in the region. The species was collected and observed at
<quantity id="4CB50AE08A2CFFE6AC34FAC7FE74FAC6" box="[310,413,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" unit="m" value="24.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="10.0">
10
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AC50FAC7FEB6FAC6" box="[338,351,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
38 m
</quantity>
depth, mainly on hard substrate. It was observed to act as a facultative cleaner of larger fishes (
<figureCitation id="1376BB808A2CFFE6AF28FA24FD6EFA25" box="[554,647,1415,1439]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[160,225,917,940]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,886]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[163,1153,142,886]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Diplecogaster tonstricula n. sp. cleaning a moray eel, Gymnothorax afer, Senegal, Ngor Island. Photograph by P. Wirtz, October 2009." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989741/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Figure 5</figureCitation>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35AE7958A2CFFE6AF96FA24FD06FA25" box="[660,751,1415,1439]" name="Senegal" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Senegal</collectingCountry>
, cleaning a muraenid,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AEECFA25FF23FA7B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AEECFA25FF23FA7B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Gymnothorax afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2CFFE6ADDEFA0AFE4CFA7B" author="Brito" box="[220,421,1449,1473]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brito" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" refId="ref6568" refString="Brito A, Pascual PJ, Falcon JM, Sancho A, Gonzalez G. 2002. Peces de las islas Canarias. Catalogo comentado e ilustrado. Tenerife: F. Lemus; 419 pp." type="book" year="2002">Brito et al. (2002</bibRefCitation>
, figures 364
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AF3AFA0AFDACFA7B" box="[568,581,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
366), Canary Islands, cleaning a muraenid and a serranid).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357F48E8A2CFFE0ADA2F9B8FECAFD6B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="743" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE6ADA2F9B8FEEFF98F" blockId="10.[160,1156,1563,1727]" box="[160,262,1563,1589]" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
<heading id="D0BA10698A2CFFE6ADA2F9B8FEEFF98F" box="[160,262,1563,1589]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6ADA2F9B8FEEFF98F" bold="true" box="[160,262,1563,1589]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2CFFE0ADA2F99CFDC1FE8B" blockId="10.[160,1156,1563,1727]" lastBlockId="12.[160,1156,142,721]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="743" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">
The new species was classified in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2CFFE6AFA2F99DFCDAF9ED" authorityName="Fraser-Brunner" authorityYear="1938" box="[672,819,1598,1623]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AFA2F99DFCDAF9ED" box="[672,819,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741">Diplecogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it agrees with the generic characters given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2CFFE6AC94F9C1FDD9F9C0" author="Briggs" box="[406,560,1634,1658]" firstAuthor="Briggs" pageId="10" pageNumber="741" refId="ref6380" refString="Briggs JC. 1955. A monograph of the clingfishes (order Xenopterygii). Stanf Ichth Bull. 6: i-iv + 1 - 224." type="book" year="1955">Briggs (1955)</bibRefCitation>
as 3½ gills, the gill membranes attached to the isthmus, the disc double, the dorsal and anal fins with strong rays, normal, the subopercular region without a spine, 24
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2CFFE6AF3AF904FDACF905" box="[568,581,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="741"></emphasis>
25 pectoral fin rays, the absence of incisors or welldeveloped canines, and 13
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0ACE2FF2DFE04FF1C" box="[480,493,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743"></emphasis>
16 rakers on the third gill arch. It is a member of the
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0ADA2FF13FE52FF73" box="[160,443,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Diplecogaster-ctenocrypta</emphasis>
group (comprising
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AFA9FF13FCA6FF73" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" box="[683,847,176,201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AFA9FF13FCA6FF73" box="[683,847,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">D. ctenocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AE91FF13FBC0FF73" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[915,1065,176,201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AE91FF13FBC0FF73" box="[915,1065,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">D. tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2AFFE0A934FF12FB93FF73" box="[1078,1146,177,201]" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), which is characterised within the genus by a high number of 9 rays in the dorsal fin and 8 rays in the anal fin, and the position of the anus which is situated closer to the anal-fin origin than to the end of the disc.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A2DFFE7ADA2FC36FD84FC73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989741" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989741/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" startId="11.[160,225,917,940]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,886]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2DFFE7ADA2FC36FD84FC73" blockId="11.[160,1155,917,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7ADA2FC36FF17FC16" bold="true" box="[160,254,917,940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2DFFE7AC05FC36FE11FC16" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[263,504,917,940]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7AC05FC36FE11FC16" box="[263,504,917,940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2DFFE7AF01FC36FDD4FC16" box="[515,573,917,940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
cleaning a moray eel,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2DFFE7AE30FC36FC0DFC16" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[818,996,917,940]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7AE30FC36FC0DFC16" box="[818,996,917,940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">Gymnothorax afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Senegal, Ngor Island. Photograph by P. Wirtz, October 2009.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32F78D8A2DFFE7ADA3F900FE77F96D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3989743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3989743/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" startId="11.[161,226,1699,1722]" targetBox="[177,1137,1028,1668]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2DFFE7ADA3F900FE77F96D" blockId="11.[161,1154,1699,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7ADA3F900FF17F900" bold="true" box="[161,254,1699,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2DFFE7AC04F900FE1CF900" authority="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito, 2015" authorityName="Fricke &amp; Wirtz &amp; Brito" authorityYear="2015" box="[262,501,1699,1722]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonstricula" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7AC04F900FE1CF900" box="[262,501,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">Diplecogaster tonstricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20AC66C8A2DFFE7ACFCF900FDD1F900" box="[510,568,1699,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="742" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2DFFE7ACFCF900FDE3F900" box="[510,522,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="742">n</emphasis>
. sp.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Canary Islands, Tenerife, Rogelio. Photograph by Joaquín Guitérrez, February 2015.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2AFFE0ADC2FE9FFC3EFE06" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">
The species was first described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2AFFE0AE09FE9FFC27FEEE" author="Brito" box="[779,974,316,340]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brito" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" refId="ref6568" refString="Brito A, Pascual PJ, Falcon JM, Sancho A, Gonzalez G. 2002. Peces de las islas Canarias. Catalogo comentado e ilustrado. Tenerife: F. Lemus; 419 pp." type="book" year="2002">Brito et al. (2002</bibRefCitation>
, p. 281, figures 364
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0ADCBFEFDFF3FFECC" box="[201,214,350,374]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743"></emphasis>
366) from the
<collectingRegion id="498969E78A2AFFE0AC81FEFDFDC3FECC" box="[387,554,350,374]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Canary islands</collectingRegion>
, but it was confused by authors with
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AEF2FEFEFE50FE23" authority="Briggs 1955" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1955" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenocrypta">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AEF2FEFEFEC9FE23" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Diplecogaster ctenocrypta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2AFFE0AC2CFE22FE50FE23" author="Briggs" box="[302,441,385,409]" firstAuthor="Briggs" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" refId="ref6380" refString="Briggs JC. 1955. A monograph of the clingfishes (order Xenopterygii). Stanf Ichth Bull. 6: i-iv + 1 - 224." type="book" year="1955">Briggs 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B25AD588A2AFFE0ACCEFE22FC3AFE06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2831772301" collectionCode="ZMUC" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" specimenCode="P9037" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
A recent examination of the
<typeStatus id="54F619A78A2AFFE0AE32FE22FC7DFE23" box="[816,916,385,409]" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">holotype</typeStatus>
of that deep-water species (
<collectionCode id="ED5C3FC08A2AFFE0AC02FE07FEAEFE06" box="[256,327,420,444]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">ZMUC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBEB0F7E8A2AFFE0AC4DFE07FE7FFE06" box="[335,406,420,444]" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">P9037</specimenCode>
) provided evidence that this is a separate species
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF2A7058A2AFFE0ADC2FE65FECAFD6B" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">
Cleaning behaviour has previously been observed in other gobiesocid fishes.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2AFFE0ADA2FE4AFE19FDBB" author="Patzner and Debelius" box="[160,496,489,513]" firstAuthor="Patzner" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" refId="ref7332" refString="Patzner R, Debelius H. 1984. Die Partnerschaft im Meer. Wuppertal: Engelbert Pfriem Verlag; 120 pp." type="book" year="1984">Patzner and Debelius (1984)</bibRefCitation>
photographed a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AE65FE4BFB6AFDBB" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[871,1155,488,513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Diplecogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AE65FE4BFB6AFDBB" box="[871,1155,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Diplecogaster bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cleaning a moray eel,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0ACAAFDA8FDB7FD9E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[424,606,523,548]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helena">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0ACAAFDA8FDB7FD9E" box="[424,606,523,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Muraena helena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2AFFE0AF6DFDAFFCCDFD9E" author="Hutchins" box="[623,804,524,548]" firstAuthor="Hutchins" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" pagination="655 - 672" refId="ref7181" refString="Hutchins JB. 1991. Descriptions of three new species of gobiesocid fishes from southern Australia, with a key to the species of Cochleoceps. Rec W Aust Mus. 15: 655 - 672." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchins (1991)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AEAAFDA8FB6AFD9E" authorityName="Hutchins" authorityYear="1991" box="[936,1155,523,548]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Cochleoceps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AEAAFDA8FB6AFD9E" box="[936,1155,523,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Cochleoceps bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from southern and south-western
<collectingCountry id="F35AE7958A2AFFE0AF4DFD8DFD5AFDFC" box="[591,691,558,582]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AE07FD8EFC66FDFC" authorityName="Hutchins" authorityYear="1991" box="[773,911,557,582]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Cochleoceps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AE07FD8EFC66FDFC" box="[773,911,557,582]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">C. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="F35AE7958A2AFFE0ADA2FDF2FEEDFDD3" box="[160,260,593,617]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Australia</collectingCountry>
, as setting up cleaning stations to remove parasites of other teleosts.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDCDAF48A2AFFE0ADA2FDD0FDF4FD31" author="Weitzmann and Mercader" box="[160,541,627,651]" firstAuthor="Weitzmann" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" pagination="487 - 488" refId="ref7597" refString="Weitzmann B, Mercader L. 2012. First report of cleaning activity of Lepadogaster candolii (Gobiesocidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Cybium. 36: 487 - 488." type="journal article" year="2012">Weitzmann and Mercader (2012)</bibRefCitation>
reported an observation of
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0AE6DFDD1FB8AFD31" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1810" box="[879,1123,626,651]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="candolii">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0AE6DFDD1FB8AFD31" box="[879,1123,626,651]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Lepadogaster candolii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the north-western Mediterranean Sea which was cleaning a grouper,
<taxonomicName id="4C4DDC868A2AFFE0A900FD36FEF4FD6B" baseAuthorityName="Lowe" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="743" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="B9397B178A2AFFE0A900FD36FEF4FD6B" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="743">Epinephelus marginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>