306 lines
30 KiB
XML
306 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="AA185313C25F3B6766824F4B95160D4C" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2020.39" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5177724" ID-ZooBank="659934F0-6B73-4571-8ADA-5E14CD3669EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628618738459" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Triapitsyn, Serguei V., Koponen, Martti, Vikberg, Veli & Várkonyi, Gergely" docDate="2020" docId="03DE8D1BB753FFB6FF60F9C8FADDF902" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPrag.60.2.565-589.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2020.39" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Erythmelus (Erythmelus) agilis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="572" masterDocId="FFE7F563B754FFBEFFA8FFE1FF96FFE2" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy, annotated new records and a checklist of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) of Finland, with description of a new species of Eustochus" masterLastPageNumber="589" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="572" updateTime="1699047875194" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="19C542BB6F0E408A3FE8BCD2CA856FF5">
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<mods:title id="9527DA237ADE543C965B0B268481C76C">Taxonomy, annotated new records and a checklist of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) of Finland, with description of a new species of Eustochus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5A11EB2FCF8996C9A6CD89A49F340D79" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AC3DAF92E8B28EAC419FE0F2126C1F3A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BC5C6D6666FC8106480247C04A73CE08">Triapitsyn, Serguei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A32B9C16484B000B6CB5D623F48FACE">Entomology Research Museum, Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CDE75BB2263EE4B208415CAD8E856C8E">Koponen, Martti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="90DAF2B7F64DA70D8181652E2AB0E745">Tuoppitie</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F2BCC5D1217234BE08D05D35277D983E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="72A415CC78E4FCD49F4816FC3AD46E4F">Vikberg, Veli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B3EF8B86D399BC8E8EE366CF7702EB41">Liinalammintie 11 as.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="36F7E5DA2055C76D598D1C8E55907F0B">Várkonyi, Gergely</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF411F53E37D7E39CF3AC92E5D501D6E">Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Biodiversity Centre, FI- 88900, Kuhmo, Finland; e-mail: gergely. varkonyi @ ymparisto. fi</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="669F07172DAF820377874A3A20E263DF">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7C094DB8C46D132F8B1CBB62E4E79215">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C03A8EB65FA37F6F8DD7852DAD60DE5A">2020-11-06</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2AE70EF23D5991BB367393820FE2CBDE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03DE8D1BB753FFB6FF60F9C8FADDF902" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE8D1BB753FFB6FF60F9C8FADDF902" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE8D1BB753FFB6FF60F9C8FADDF902" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="572" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<subSubSection id="C36D6F86B753FFB9FF60F9C8FA0BF9A2" box="[200,1437,1577,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC83C0DB753FFB9FF60F9C8FA0BF9A2" blockId="7.[200,1437,1577,1600]" box="[200,1437,1577,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<heading id="D0808B61B753FFB9FF60F9C8FA0BF9A2" box="[200,1437,1577,1600]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FF60F9C8FD53F9A2" ID-CoL="3BCHS" authority="(Enock, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Enock" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[200,709,1577,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Erythmelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis" subGenus="Erythmelus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF60F9C8FD53F9A2" bold="true" box="[200,709,1577,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF60F9C8FED1F9A2" bold="true" box="[200,327,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Erythmelus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FEFFF9C8FE40F9A2" bold="true" box="[343,470,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Erythmelus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FE4EF9C8FDB7F9A2" bold="true" box="[486,545,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">agilis</emphasis>
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(Enock, 1909)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are accepted here and expanded as follows: clava of fe-
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6F86B753FFB6FF3EF9B7FADDF902" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="573" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC83C0DB753FFB9FF3EF9B7FA0AF962" blockId="7.[150,1489,1609,2080]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF3EF9B7FEFCF98B" bold="true" box="[150,362,1622,1641]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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Material examined.
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FEE6F9B7FEF5F98B" bold="true" box="[334,355,1622,1641]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Ta</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Janakkala, Kalpalinna (6757:8369),
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<date id="FFC91ACDB753FFB9FD36F9B7FD65F98B" box="[670,755,1622,1641]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" value="2017-07-07">7.vii.2017</date>
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, male antenna 1- (entire), 2- or 3-segmented.
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FAA1F9A8FF66F966" authority="V. Vikberg" authorityName="V. Vikberg" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FAA1F9A8FA0AF982" box="[1289,1436,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Caraphractus</emphasis>
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<subScript id="17F33E48B753FFB9FF3EF990FF66F966" attach="left" box="[150,240,1649,1668]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">V. Vikberg</subScript>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D71F784B753FFB9FF54F990FE8CF966" box="[252,282,1649,1668]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED66A4C8B753FFB9FE8CF990FEF4F966" box="[292,354,1649,1668]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">VVCT</collectionCode>
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). Walker, 1846 was considered to be most closely related to
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC83C0DB753FFB9FC94F968FA53F882" blockId="7.[150,1489,1609,2080]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FC94F968FC3EF942" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[828,936,1673,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FC94F968FC3EF942" box="[828,936,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of which the former might be a derived offshoot;
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF3EF97DFEA6F951" bold="true" box="[150,304,1692,1715]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Palaearctic (
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE62F97DFDB9F951" box="[458,559,1692,1715]" name="Belgium" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FD97F97DFD35F951" box="[575,675,1692,1715]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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, Czech their only more or less significant difference was the claval Republic,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FEA4F95DFEE3F931" box="[268,373,1724,1747]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE2BF95DFE4CF931" box="[387,474,1724,1747]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Finland</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE41F95DFDC6F931" box="[489,592,1724,1747]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Germany</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FDF7F95DFD26F931" box="[607,688,1724,1747]" name="Greece" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Greece</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FD17F95DFD64F931" box="[703,754,1724,1747]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, segmentation of the female antenna: entire in the former but
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FF3EF93DFE8EF911" box="[150,280,1756,1779]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE80F93DFE27F911" box="[296,433,1756,1779]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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, North
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FDA4F93DFD1CF911" box="[524,650,1756,1779]" name="Macedonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FD31F93DFD65F911" box="[665,755,1756,1779]" name="Norway" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, 2- or 3-segmented in the latter genus (Hඎൻൾ*© & Bൺඊඎൾ*©ඈ
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FF3EF91DFF76F8F1" box="[150,224,1788,1811]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Russia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FF46F91DFEA3F8F1" box="[238,309,1788,1811]" name="Serbia" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Serbia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FEEAF91DFE0FF8F1" box="[322,409,1788,1811]" name="Sweden" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE0FF91DFDBFF8F1" box="[423,553,1788,1811]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FD9FF91DFD79F8F1" box="[567,751,1788,1811]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
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) 2007). Both genera were known from eggs of Coleoptera and Nearctic (
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE81F8FDFEEBF8D1" box="[297,381,1820,1843]" name="Canada" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Canada</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FE2EF8FDFE2BF8D1" box="[390,445,1820,1843]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">USA</collectingCountry>
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) Regions (T*©ංൺඉංඍඌඒඇ 2003b; (T*©ංൺඉංඍඌඒඇ 2012; P*©ං*öඈඉ & MඈǤඅൺඇ 2016) and are T*©ංൺඉංඍඌඒඇ et al. 2007; Sൺආκඈඏග et al. 2020). strictly Holarctic in distribution (Hඎൻൾ*© & Bൺඊඎൾ*©ඈ 2007).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC83C0DB753FFB9FC94F888FA0BF862" blockId="7.[150,1489,1609,2080]" box="[828,1437,1897,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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However, our discovery of two new species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FA87F888FA0BF862" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[1327,1437,1897,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FA87F888FA0BF862" box="[1327,1437,1897,1920]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC83C0DB753FFB6FE95F89DFADDF902" blockId="7.[150,1489,1609,2080]" lastBlockId="8.[828,1437,1577,1760]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="573" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FE95F89DFDC6F871" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[317,592,1916,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FE95F89DFDC6F871" bold="true" box="[317,592,1916,1939]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FE95F89DFE38F871" bold="true" box="[317,430,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
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Haliday, 1833
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FCDFF868FC5EF842" box="[887,968,1929,1952]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Finland</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3607C9DB753FFB9FC57F868FBF4F842" box="[1023,1122,1929,1952]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Germany</collectingCountry>
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with an entire clava (see be-
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FF3EF843FE1CF857" authority="Walker, 1846" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[150,394,1954,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF3EF843FE9BF857" box="[150,269,1954,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Caraphractus</emphasis>
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Walker, 1846
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FE3DF843FE71F857" bold="true" box="[405,487,1954,1973]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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, downgraded to a subgenus of low) shows that the variable segmentation of the clava in
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FC94F828FC3CF802" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[828,938,1993,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FC94F828FC3CF802" box="[828,938,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is not a good genus-defining character, hence
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<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FF3EF809FE93F81D" bold="true" box="[150,261,2024,2047]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The diagnoses of
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<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FE62F809FD43F81D" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[458,725,2024,2047]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FE62F809FDAEF81D" box="[458,568,2024,2047]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
Haliday, 1833
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the proposed synonymy of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FBCEF808FB6CF7E2" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[1126,1274,2025,2048]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FBCEF808FB6CF7E2" box="[1126,1274,2025,2048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B753FFB9FAABF808FAF3F7E2" box="[1283,1381,2025,2048]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
with Hඎൻൾ*© & Bൺඊඎൾ*©ඈ (2007) and P*©ං*öඈඉ & MඈǤඅൺඇ (2016)the earlier described
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB753FFB9FBBCF7E8FB17F7C2" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[1044,1153,2057,2080]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB753FFB9FBBCF7E8FB17F7C2" box="[1044,1153,2057,2080]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; furthermore, the former is treated here as its subgenus,
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE6AF9C8FE4FF9A2" box="[450,473,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">E.</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FE4FF9C8FDEDF9A2" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[487,635,1577,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE4FF9C8FDEDF9A2" box="[487,635,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) stat. revid.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FF3FF9A8FEBCF982" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,298,1609,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FF3FF9A8FEBCF982" box="[151,298,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with its sole valid member, the
|
|
<typeStatus id="54CC82AFB75CFFB6FDD1F9A8FD31F982" box="[633,679,1609,1632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FF3FF988FE1AF962" authority="Walker, 1846" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,396,1641,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FF3FF988FF68F962" box="[151,254,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">C. cinctus</emphasis>
|
|
Walker, 1846
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FE04F988FEC9F942" authority="(Walker, 1846)" authorityName="Triapitsyn & Koponen & Vikberg & Várkonyi" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctus" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Caraphractus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE04F988FD8EF962" box="[428,536,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FD8DF988FD20F962" box="[549,694,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FD6BF988FF20F942" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">cinctus</emphasis>
|
|
(Walker, 1846)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FEC2F968FE75F942" box="[362,483,1673,1696]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
), is very likely essentially nothing more than just an aquatic species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FD2BF948FD67F922" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[643,753,1705,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FD2BF948FD67F922" box="[643,753,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, while proposing this new generic synonymy, we also downgrade the taxonomic status of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FDE0F908FD4AF8E2" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[584,732,1769,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FDE0F908FD4AF8E2" box="[584,732,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to that of a subgenus of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FED2F8E8FE7EF8C2" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[378,488,1801,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FED2F8E8FE7EF8C2" box="[378,488,1801,1824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for the following reasons kindly provided by John T. Huber (personal communication): in female
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FEEFF8A8FE4DF882" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[327,475,1865,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FEEFF8A8FE4DF882" box="[327,475,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, mandible with 3 serrated teeth (2, not serrated teeth in most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FDAAF888FDE6F862" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[514,624,1897,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FDAAF888FDE6F862" box="[514,624,1897,1920]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FDDEF888FD3BF862" box="[630,685,1897,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
except with 3 teeth in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FE90F868FDA8F842" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2020" box="[312,574,1929,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koponeni" subGenus="Eustochus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE90F868FEC6F842" box="[312,336,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">E.</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FEF7F868FE5BF842" box="[351,461,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE74F868FDA8F842" box="[476,574,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">koponeni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); petiole ventrally with strong reticulations (smooth in most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FD22F848FD6EF822" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[650,760,1961,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FD22F848FD6EF822" box="[650,760,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FF3FF828FF44F802" box="[151,210,1993,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
except in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FEEEF828FDC6F802" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2020" box="[326,592,1993,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koponeni" subGenus="Eustochus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FEEEF828FEC8F802" box="[326,350,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">E.</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FEC7F828FE4BF802" box="[367,477,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE46F828FDC6F802" box="[494,592,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">koponeni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and without a longitudinal suture (suture present at least partially in most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FF3FF7E8FE93F7C2" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,261,2057,2080]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FF3FF7E8FE93F7C2" box="[151,261,2057,2080]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FEA3F7E8FED2F7C2" box="[267,324,2057,2080]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
except in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FE1AF7E8FD21F7C2" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2020" box="[434,695,2057,2080]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koponeni" subGenus="Eustochus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE1AF7E8FE5FF7C2" box="[434,457,2057,2080]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">E.</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FE70F7E8FDD0F7C2" box="[472,582,2057,2080]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FDFDF7E8FD21F7C2" box="[597,695,2057,2080]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">koponeni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); first gastral tergum laterally with about 10 longish setae (such setae absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FC4CF9A8FBC4F982" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[996,1106,1609,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FC4CF9A8FBC4F982" box="[996,1106,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FBF2F9A8FB01F982" box="[1114,1175,1609,1632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
); mps absent on funicle segments (present on several segments in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FB40F988FAC2F962" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[1256,1364,1641,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FB40F988FAC2F962" box="[1256,1364,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FAF0F988FA07F962" box="[1368,1425,1641,1664]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
). Also, male
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FC15F968FBC7F942" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[957,1105,1673,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Caraphractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FC15F968FBC7F942" box="[957,1105,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Caraphractus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have 1 less antennal flagellar segment than male
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FBA3F948FBEFF922" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[1035,1145,1705,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FBA3F948FBEFF922" box="[1035,1145,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2305D64B75CFFB6FB28F948FB2CF922" box="[1152,1210,1705,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
, but these are known only for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C77478EB75CFFB6FC3FF928FAD1F902" authority="(Curtis, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[919,1351,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Eustochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis" subGenus="Eustochus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FC3FF928FC39F902" box="[919,943,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">E.</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FC16F928FBBAF902" box="[958,1068,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eustochus</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B903E01FB75CFFB6FB93F928FB31F902" box="[1083,1191,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">atripennis</emphasis>
|
|
(Curtis, 1832)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |