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<document id="C2BEF75A5E6C245C21526CCB6FECECAB" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8061143" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1687282820830" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beek, Abraham Van De" docDate="2021" docId="03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.515.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 515 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Rubus affinis Weihe &amp; Nees 1822" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFE74E3EFF8FFFDDFFCBFFE1FF96FF93" masterDocTitle="Rubi Capenses: a further contribution to the knowledge of the genus Rubus (Rosaceae) in South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1699527950928" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="C4750EA5DD73918B33650707D7C023ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="37772E581FBBEB133BC2F2841CD2A433">Rubi Capenses: a further contribution to the knowledge of the genus Rubus (Rosaceae) in South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="6DEB8DAFC91570569E7B45DEB971A168">Beek, Abraham Van De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C14411D0D5610DFA419BD432A29B31B2">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="88AB3AE63BA90A3475B701185D138995">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CE76B09E705A2E8150C96C74BA21E1D0">2021-08-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="029A41DC6642017AA8BCE7BFEFEDFC90">515</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="68DE1AF75C49752F8737A2892977BA30">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F16F1594C0A6207A1084AF22A45B2EFD" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C24FD16604D602E8D7609C59388F230E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8071580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8071580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FF43FCC7FDEBFCD3" box="[136,637,805,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF43FCC7FDEBFCD3" blockId="53.[136,1451,805,868]" box="[136,637,805,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43FCC7FF3DFCD3" bold="true" box="[136,171,806,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFBAFFE8FF79FCC4FDEEFCD3" ID-CoL="6X9J7" authority="Weihe &amp; Nees (1822: 18)" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1822" box="[178,632,805,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF79FCC4FED8FCAC" bold="true" box="[178,334,805,832]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rubus affinis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FE9EFCC7FDEEFCD3" author="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[341,632,806,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref50345" refString="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1822) Rubi Germanici. Die deutsche Brombeerstrauche, Fasc. I &amp; II. Sch ˆ nian'sche Buchhandlung, Elberfeld, pp. 1 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1822">Weihe &amp; Nees (1822: 18)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FD4FFCC7FEFBFCF7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FD4FFCC7FEFBFCF7" blockId="53.[136,1451,805,868]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FD4FFCC7FEFBFCF7" collectionCode="MSTR" country="Germany" location="Weihe" municipality="Weihe" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFBAFFE8FD4FFCC7FD62FCD3" box="[644,756,806,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FC6CFCC7FBDCFCD3" author="Beek, A. van de" box="[935,1098,806,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref46098" refString="Beek, A. van de (1974) Die Brombeeren des geldrischen Distiktes innerhalb der Flora der Niederlande. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht 415: 1 - 195." type="journal article" year="1974">Beek 1974: 63</bibRefCitation>
):—
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFBAFFE8FBB9FCC7FA90FCD3" box="[1138,1286,806,832]" name="Germany" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FADBFCC7FACCFCD3" box="[1296,1370,806,832]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Weihe</collectingMunicipality>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFBAFFE8FAAEFCC7FF58FCF7" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FAAEFCC7FF58FCF7" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rubus affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nr. 1 (
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FEDDFCABFEF0FCF7" box="[278,358,842,868]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">MSTR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FF43FC77FC11FBA9" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF43FC77FA3EFC61" blockId="53.[136,1452,917,1155]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43FC77FEC8FC38" box="[136,350,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Heterotypic synonyms</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFBAFFE8FEB6FC74FB8FFC38" ID-CoL="4TJKM" authority="Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal (1827: 16)" authorityName="Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1827" box="[381,1049,917,939]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fastigiatus" variety="bergii">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FEB6FC74FDB0FC39" box="[381,550,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rubus fastigiatus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FD90FC74FD05FC39" box="[603,659,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">bergii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FD56FC74FB8FFC38" author="Chamisso, A. de &amp; Schlechtendal, D. de" box="[669,1049,917,939]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref46583" refString="Chamisso, A. de &amp; Schlechtendal, D. de (1827) De plantis in expeditione speculatoria romanzoffiana observatis. Linnaea 2: 1 - 20. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 10846 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1827">Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal (1827: 16)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFBAFFE8FBEDFC77FEECFC5C" ID-CoL="4TJKM" authority="(Cham. &amp; Schltdl.) Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 262)" authorityName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" authorityPageNumber="262" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bergii">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FBEDFC77FBEAFC39" box="[1062,1148,917,939]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. bergii</emphasis>
(Cham. &amp; Schltdl.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FA87FC74FEECFC5C" author="Ecklon, C. F. &amp; Zeyher, C. L. P." pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refId="ref46945" refString="Ecklon, C. F. &amp; Zeyher, C. L. P. (1836) Enumeratio plantarum Africae australis extratropicae: quae collectae, determinatae et exposita, Vol. 2. Perthes &amp; Besser, Hamburg, 144 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48" type="book" year="1836">Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836: 262)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFBAFFE8FE4FFC5BFE43FC5C" box="[388,469,954,975]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
(designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FDA6FC58FC86FC5C" author="Beek, A" box="[621,784,953,975]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref46170" refString="Beek, A, van de (2014 b) Rubus costifolius and R. bergii in the National Herbarium of Victoria. Muelleria 32: 52 - 57." type="journal article" year="2014">Beek 2014b: 176</bibRefCitation>
):—
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFBAFFE8FCF8FC58FC71FC5D" box="[819,999,953,975]" name="South Africa" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FC24FC5BFBEEFC5D" box="[1007,1144,953,975]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
: Doornhoogde, “Flora capensis. Dornhoogde. In planitie capensi. Junio. Legit Zeyher. Communicavit Drejer” (P). The
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFBAFFE8FC30FC3CFBD9FC60" box="[1019,1103,989,1011]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in B is probably destroyed in 1943.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF43FBE0FC11FBA9" blockId="53.[136,1452,917,1155]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFBAFFE8FF43FBE0FE7DFB84" ID-CoL="4TM2R" authority="Muller &amp; Wirtgen" authorityName="Muller &amp; Wirtgen" box="[136,491,1025,1047]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vigorosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43FBE0FEBCFB84" box="[136,298,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rubus vigorosus</emphasis>
Müller &amp; Wirtgen
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FDD9FBE0FD76FB85" author="Wirtgen, P." box="[530,736,1025,1047]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="117 - 167" refId="ref50657" refString="Wirtgen, P. (1860) Herbarium Ruborum Rhenanorum. Ser. I, Lief. 5. Coblenz. Exsiccata collection, pp. 117 - 167." type="book chapter" year="1860">Wirtgen (1860: 118)</bibRefCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFBAFFE8FD25FBE3FCD8FB84" box="[750,846,1026,1047]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFBAFFE8FC38FBE0FB36FB84" author="Weber, H. E." box="[1011,1184,1025,1047]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refId="ref50302" refString="Weber, H. E. (1986 [' 1985 ']) Rubi Westfalici. Die Brombeerarten Westfalens und des Raumes Osnabruck (Rubus L., Subgenus Rubus). Westfalisches Museum fur Naturkunde, Munster, 452 pp." type="book" year="1986">Weber 1986: 106</bibRefCitation>
):—
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFBAFFE8FB09FBE0FAD7FB84" box="[1218,1345,1025,1047]" name="Germany" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
. Zwischen Hillscheid und Ĥhr,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FE47FBC4FE6FFBA8" box="[396,505,1061,1083]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1859-07-01">1.Juli 1859</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FDC8FBC7FCC5FBA9" box="[515,851,1061,1083]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Wirtgen Herb. Rub. rhen. 2: no. 53</emphasis>
(JE).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FF43FBA8FD85F957" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF43FBA8FAE5FB10" blockId="53.[136,1452,917,1155]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43FBA8FF71FBCC" bold="true" box="[136,231,1097,1119]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Pictures:</emphasis>
—https://rubus-nederland.nl/nl/soorten/systematische-namenlijst/21-braam-genus-rubus-l/braam-subgenus-rubus/zwarte-braam-sectie-rubus/staande-braam-subsectie-rubus/koepelbraam-serie-semisuberecti-focke-ex-a-beek/27-r-affinis-weihe-nees
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF43FB52FD85F957" blockId="53.[136,1452,1202,2092]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43FB52FE95FB5F" box="[136,259,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Primocane</emphasis>
high arching, diam.
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FE23FB53FDD0FB5F" box="[488,582,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="4.0">4–9 mm</quantity>
, angular with flat or somewhat concave sides, reddish brown in sun, glabrous; prickles 3–15 per
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FE9FFB37FE1AFB63" box="[340,396,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
with
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FE05FB37FDBAFB63" box="[462,556,1238,1264]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
large, usually red base, compressed, usually abruptly attenuate into narrow tip, patent, declining or slightly curved, up to
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FD94FB1BFD5DFA87" box="[607,715,1274,1300]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 mm</quantity>
long; stipules linear,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FC76FB1BFBAFFA87" box="[957,1081,1274,1300]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">13–18 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FB8FFB1AFB04FA87" box="[1092,1170,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Leaves</emphasis>
5-foliolate or sometimes with divided central leaflet 6- to 7-foliolate, adaxially with some appressed hairs, abaxially almost glabrous to rather densely hairy and sometimes slightly grey tomentose; serrature irregular but usually not clearly periodical, with sharp straight or seldom slightly curved teeth; petiole
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FD22FA87FCC1FA13" box="[745,855,1382,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
, slightly hairy, with 7–17 curved or hooked prickles; central leaflet
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FEE4FA6BFE2DFA37" box="[303,443,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" metricValueMax="13.1" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="91.5" valueMax="131.0" valueMin="52.0">52–131 mm</quantity>
, ovate with cordate base, gradually to rather abruptly attenuate into long, often curved tip, width–length index 0.62–0.83, length of petiolule 21–46% of length of leaflet; petiolule of the basal leaflets
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FF43FA33FF7AFA7F" box="[136,236,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="0.0">0–4 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF31FA33FE5EFA7F" box="[250,456,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Flowering branch</emphasis>
angular, glabrous or slightly pilose; prickles 1–3 per
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FBF4FA33FBEBFA7F" box="[1087,1149,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
, with ±
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FB28FA33FAB1FA7F" box="[1251,1319,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide base, abruptly attenuate, strongly compressed, patent, declining or curved, sometimes with abruptly curved tip,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FA87FA17FA3AF983" box="[1356,1452,1526,1552]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF01F9FBFEF6F9A7" box="[202,352,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Inflorescence</emphasis>
loosely irregular pyramidal, cylindric or racemose, usually leafy, with long prickles; peduncles ascendant, with 1–4 flowers; pedicels
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FDFCF9DFFD25F9CB" box="[567,691,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 mm</quantity>
, loosely pilose, with 0–3 prickles.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FBF7F9DFFB0EF9CB" box="[1084,1176,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Flowers</emphasis>
: sepals green or greyish green with white margin, reflexed, usually unarmed; petals white or pale pink, broad ovate or suborbicular,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFBAFFE8FA89F983FA3AF9EF" box="[1346,1452,1634,1660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7–11 mm</quantity>
long; stamens much longer than styles; anthers glabrous or with some hairs; styles green or sometimes reddish; ovaries (almost) glabrous; receptacle hairy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FF76F92FFD8EF97B" box="[189,536,1742,1768]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF76F92FFD8EF97B" blockId="53.[136,1452,1202,2092]" box="[189,536,1742,1768]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF76F92FFEB0F97B" bold="true" box="[189,294,1742,1768]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Ecology:</emphasis>
—Roadsides, hedges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFE8FF76F910FF5AF8C7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFE8FF76F910FF5AF8C7" blockId="53.[136,1452,1202,2092]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF76F910FD8DF898" bold="true" box="[189,539,1777,1803]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFBAFFE8FEB3F910FD80F898" box="[376,534,1777,1803]" name="South Africa" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">South Africa</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
—Common in the hill and mountain regions of the southern part of the
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FA9BF913FF53F8A3" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
. More scattered in the rest of the
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FDE6F8F7FD51F8A3" box="[557,711,1814,1840]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
and in the
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FCF7F8F7FC44F8A3" box="[828,978,1814,1840]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
. Also at some places in northern
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FAF3F8F7FF5EF8C7" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFBAFFEBFF76F8BCFB78FEFF" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFBAFFEBFF76F8BCFB78FEFF" blockId="53.[136,1452,1202,2092]" lastBlockId="54.[136,1452,158,1049]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF76F8BCFEF7F8EB" bold="true" box="[189,353,1885,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Specimens:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FEAAF8BCFA31F8EB" box="[353,1447,1885,1912]" collectingDate="1968-01-13" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Hanekom" country="South Africa" location="Ceres" municipality="Skoongesig" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FEAAF8BCFD79F8E4" bold="true" box="[353,751,1885,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFBAFFE8FEAAF8BCFDAEF8E4" box="[353,568,1885,1911]" name="South Africa" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FD8EF8BFFD79F8E4" box="[581,751,1885,1912]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FD34F8BFFC13F8EB" box="[767,901,1886,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Skoongesig</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC5AF8BFFC42F8EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC5AF8BFFC42F8EB" box="[913,980,1886,1912]" country="South Africa" municipality="Skoongesig" name="Ceres" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ceres</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FC14F8BFFB08F8EB" box="[991,1182,1886,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1968-01-13">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FC14F8BFFB08F8EB" box="[991,1182,1886,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1968-01-13">13 January 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FB61F8BFFAC3F8EB" box="[1194,1365,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FB61F8BFFA83F8EB" box="[1194,1301,1886,1912]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hanekom</collectorName>
1037
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FAADF8BFFA09F8EB" box="[1382,1439,1886,1912]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FF43F863FDF2F80F" box="[136,612,1922,1948]" collectingDate="1930-01" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Thode" country="South Africa" location="Ceres" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCode="A2236" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF43F863FF5DF80F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF43F863FF5DF80F" box="[136,203,1922,1948]" country="South Africa" name="Ceres" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ceres</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FF1CF863FEE6F80F" box="[215,368,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1930-01">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FF1CF863FEE6F80F" box="[215,368,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1930-01">January 1930</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FEB7F863FD85F80F" box="[380,531,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FEB7F863FE54F80F" box="[380,450,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Thode</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="DBD12F2BFFBAFFE8FE02F863FD85F80F" box="[457,531,1922,1948]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">A2236</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FDE9F863FDCDF80F" box="[546,603,1922,1948]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FDBBF863FBE9F80F" box="[624,1151,1922,1948]" collectingDate="1982-08-09" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Knobel" municipality="Wellington" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FDBBF863FD79F80F" box="[624,751,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Wellington</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FD31F863FC34F80F" box="[762,930,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1982-08-09">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FD31F863FC34F80F" box="[762,930,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1982-08-09">9 August 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FC65F863FBBBF80F" box="[942,1069,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC65F863FC69F80F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC65F863FC69F80F" box="[942,1023,1922,1948]" country="South Africa" municipality="Wellington" name="Knobel" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Knobel</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FBF6F863FBE0F80F" box="[1085,1142,1922,1948]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FB40F863FEE6F853" collectingDate="1903-10" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Marloth" country="South Africa" location="Elsenburg" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FB40F863FB69F80F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FB40F863FB69F80F" box="[1163,1279,1922,1948]" country="South Africa" name="Elsenburg" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Elsenburg</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FAC1F863FA31F80F" box="[1290,1447,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1903-10">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FAC1F863FA31F80F" box="[1290,1447,1922,1948]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1903-10">October 1903</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF43F847FEB7F853" box="[136,289,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FF43F847FF72F853" box="[136,228,1958,1984]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Marloth</collectorName>
3304
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FEE4F847FEFEF853" box="[303,360,1958,1984]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FEB1F847FC40F853" box="[378,982,1958,1984]" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Marloth" country="South Africa" location="Disa Gorge" municipality="Tafelberg" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FEB1F847FE71F853" box="[378,487,1958,1984]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tafelberg</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FE3BF847FDE7F853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FE3BF847FDE7F853" box="[496,625,1958,1984]" country="South Africa" municipality="Tafelberg" name="Disa Gorge" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Disa Gorge</location>
, 12.1921,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FD29F847FC11F853" box="[738,903,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FD29F847FCA8F853" box="[738,830,1958,1984]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Marloth</collectorName>
11046
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FC5EF847FC58F853" box="[917,974,1958,1984]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FC2BF847FE3EF877" collectingDate="1980-11-30" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Stirton" country="South Africa" location="Rhodes Estate" municipality="Town" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFBAFFE8FC2BF847FB8CF853" box="[992,1050,1958,1984]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Cape</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FBD5F847FBF6F853" box="[1054,1120,1958,1984]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FBA1F847FA9CF853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FBA1F847FA9CF853" box="[1130,1290,1958,1984]" country="South Africa" municipality="Town" name="Rhodes Estate" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Rhodes Estate</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FADFF847FF55F877" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-30">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FADFF847FF55F877" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-30">30 November 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FF05F82BFECEF877" box="[206,344,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FF05F82BFE8CF877" box="[206,282,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Stirton</collectorName>
8429
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FEACF82BFE36F877" box="[359,416,1994,2020]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FE78F82BFC03F877" box="[435,917,1994,2020]" collectingDate="1916-10" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Paje" municipality="Claremont" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFBAFFE8FE78F82BFDBAF877" box="[435,556,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Claremont</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FDFCF82BFD45F877" box="[567,723,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1916-10">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FDFCF82BFD45F877" box="[567,723,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1916-10">October 1916</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FD16F82AFCD3F877" box="[733,837,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FD16F82AFC85F877" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FD16F82AFC85F877" box="[733,787,1995,2020]" country="South Africa" municipality="Claremont" name="Paje" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Paje</location>
, s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FC98F82BFC1AF877" box="[851,908,1994,2020]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FC6BF82BFF39F79B" collectingDate="2009-03-01" collectionCode="L" collectorName="Beek" country="South Africa" location="Franschhoek Pas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC6BF82BFBC9F877" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FC6BF82BFBC9F877" box="[928,1119,1994,2020]" country="South Africa" name="Franschhoek Pas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Franschhoek Pas</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FBA1F82BFA9FF877" box="[1130,1289,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="2009-03-01">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FBA1F82BFA9FF877" box="[1130,1289,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="2009-03-01">1 March 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FAD8F82BFA3DF877" box="[1299,1451,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FAD8F82BFADFF877" box="[1299,1353,1994,2020]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Beek</collectorName>
2009.10
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FF5AF80FFF30F79B" box="[145,166,2030,2056]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FF0AF80FFCB0F79B" box="[193,806,2030,2056]" collectingDate="1938-12-29" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Louw" country="South Africa" location="Franschhoek" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF0AF80FFEC5F79B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF0AF80FFEC5F79B" box="[193,339,2030,2056]" country="South Africa" name="Franschhoek" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Franschhoek</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FEAFF80FFDDFF79B" box="[356,585,2030,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1938-12-29">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FEAFF80FFDDFF79B" box="[356,585,2030,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1938-12-29">29 December 1938</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FD91F80EFD59F79B" box="[602,719,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FD91F80EFD0EF79B" box="[602,664,2031,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Louw</collectorName>
180
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FD2EF80FFC88F79B" box="[741,798,2030,2056]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FCFCF80FFA31F79B" box="[823,1447,2030,2056]" collectingDate="1980-11-22" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Stirton" country="South Africa" location="Hugosberg" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FCFCF80FFC22F79B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FCFCF80FFC22F79B" box="[823,948,2030,2056]" country="South Africa" name="Hugosberg" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hugosberg</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FC0DF80FFB38F79B" box="[966,1198,2030,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-22">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FC0DF80FFB38F79B" box="[966,1198,2030,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-22">22 November 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FB74F80FFAC6F79B" box="[1215,1360,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FB74F80FFA9DF79B" box="[1215,1291,2030,2056]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Stirton</collectorName>
8294
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FAADF80FFA09F79B" box="[1382,1439,2030,2056]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFE8FF43F7F3FC85F7BF" box="[136,787,2066,2092]" collectingDate="1991-01-19" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Henderson" country="South Africa" location="Swartbergpass" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF43F7F3FEB8F7BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FF43F7F3FEB8F7BF" box="[136,302,2066,2092]" country="South Africa" name="Swartbergpass" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Swartbergpass</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFE8FEF0F7F3FE6CF7BF" box="[315,506,2066,2092]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1991-01-19">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFE8FEF0F7F3FE6CF7BF" box="[315,506,2066,2092]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1991-01-19">19 January 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFBAFFE8FDC3F7F3FD56F7BF" box="[520,704,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFBAFFE8FDC3F7F3FD15F7BF" box="[520,643,2066,2092]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Henderson</collectorName>
1110
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFBAFFE8FD1AF7F3FC9CF7BF" box="[721,778,2066,2092]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFBAFFEBFCEBF7F3FDBBFF2B" collectingDate="1990-03-01" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Henderson" country="South Africa" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" location="Prins Alfred's Pass" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FCEBF7F3FC6CF7BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFBAFFE8FCEBF7F3FC6CF7BF" box="[800,1018,2066,2092]" country="South Africa" name="Prins Alfred's Pass" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Western Cape">Prins Alfred’s Pass</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A7A9E72FFBAFFE8FBC3F7F3FA06F7BF" box="[1032,1424,2066,2092]" firstLocation="Avontuur" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" secondLocation="Kruisvallei">between Avontuur and Kruisvallei</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFBAFFEBFA56F7F3FE82FF2B" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1990-03-01">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFBAFFEBFA56F7F3FE82FF2B" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1990-03-01">1 March 1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFEEAFF7FFE4AFF2B" box="[289,476,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFEEAFF7FFE0AFF2B" box="[289,412,158,184]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Henderson</collectorName>
1058
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFE27FF7FFDB3FF2B" box="[492,549,158,184]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFDF1FF7EFB51FF2B" box="[570,1223,158,185]" collectingDate="1923-12" collectionCode="A, PRE" collectorName="Phillips" country="South Africa" location="Diepwalle" municipality="Knysna" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFDF1FF7EFD04FF2A" box="[570,658,159,185]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Knysna</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD55FF7FFC82FF2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD55FF7FFC82FF2B" box="[670,788,158,184]" country="South Africa" municipality="Knysna" name="Diepwalle" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Western Cape">Diepwalle</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFCEAFF7FFC59FF2B" box="[801,975,158,184]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1923-12">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFCEAFF7FFC59FF2B" box="[801,975,158,184]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1923-12">December1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFC10FF7FFBE3FF2B" box="[987,1141,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFC10FF7FFBA4FF2B" box="[987,1074,158,184]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Phillips</collectorName>
218
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFBAFFF7FFBE3FF2B" box="[1124,1141,158,184]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFB4DFF7FFB29FF2B" box="[1158,1215,158,184]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFB1FFF7EFE04FF4F" collectingDate="1922-12" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Keet" country="South Africa" location="Knysna" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB1FFF7EFABAFF2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB1FFF7EFABAFF2A" box="[1236,1324,159,185]" country="South Africa" name="Knysna" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Western Cape">Knysna</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFAF3FF7FFF55FF4F" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1922-12">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFAF3FF7FFF55FF4F" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1922-12">December 1922</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF05FF22FED7FF4F" box="[206,321,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFF05FF22FE97FF4F" box="[206,257,195,220]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Keet</collectorName>
1088
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFE9AFF23FE1CFF4F" box="[337,394,194,220]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFE55FF22FCCBFF4F" box="[414,861,194,221]" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Schoonland" municipality="Knysna" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFE55FF22FE60FF4E" box="[414,502,195,221]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Knysna</collectingMunicipality>
, 1919,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFD83FF23FC9AFF4F" box="[584,780,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD83FF23FD5AFF4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD83FF23FD5AFF4F" box="[584,716,194,220]" country="South Africa" municipality="Knysna" name="Schoonland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Western Cape">Schoonland</location>
3492
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFCD0FF23FCC2FF4F" box="[795,852,194,220]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFCA2FF22FE8FFE93" collectingDate="1926-02" collectionCode="NBG" collectorName="Duthie" country="South Africa" location="Knysna River" municipality="Near" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFCA2FF22FC09FF4E" box="[873,927,195,221]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Near</collectingMunicipality>
bank of
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFBC8FF22FB36FF4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFBC8FF22FB36FF4F" box="[1027,1184,194,221]" country="South Africa" municipality="Near" name="Knysna River" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Western Cape">Knysna River</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFB60FF23FAC5FF4F" box="[1195,1363,194,220]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1926-02">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFB60FF23FAC5FF4F" box="[1195,1363,194,220]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1926-02">February 1926</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFA94FF23FF56FE93" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFA94FF23FA3DFF4F" box="[1375,1451,194,220]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Duthie</collectorName>
1030
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFF1BFF07FE87FE93" box="[208,273,230,256]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFEEEFF07FCC4FE93" box="[293,850,230,256]" collectingDate="2009-03-04" collectionCode="L" collectorName="Beek" country="South Africa" location="Nature's Valley" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFEEEFF07FE42FE93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFEEEFF07FE42FE93" box="[293,468,230,256]" country="South Africa" name="Nature's Valley" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Western Cape">Nature’s Valley</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFE14FF07FD17FE93" box="[479,641,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2009-03-04">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFE14FF07FD17FE93" box="[479,641,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2009-03-04">4 March 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFD47FF07FCB5FE93" box="[652,803,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFD47FF07FD54FE93" box="[652,706,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Beek</collectorName>
2009.11
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFCFFFF07FCDFFE93" box="[820,841,230,256]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFC96FF07FE8FFEB7" collectingDate="1943-02-13" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Giffen" country="South Africa" location="Hogsback" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFC96FF07FB96FE93" bold="true" box="[861,1024,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFB9FFEBFC96FF07FB96FE93" box="[861,1024,230,256]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFBDBFF07FB15FE93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFBDBFF07FB15FE93" box="[1040,1155,230,256]" country="South Africa" name="Hogsback" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Hogsback</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFB45FF07FACCFE93" box="[1166,1370,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1943-02-13">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFB45FF07FACCFE93" box="[1166,1370,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1943-02-13">13 February 1943</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFAAEFF07FF56FEB7" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFAAEFF07FA3DFE93" box="[1381,1451,230,256]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Giffen</collectorName>
1351
</emphasis>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFF1CFEEBFE86FEB7" box="[215,272,266,292]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFEEEFEEBFB21FEB7" box="[293,1207,266,293]" collectingDate="2012-03-07" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Jaca" country="South Africa" location="King William's Town" municipality="Hogsback" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFEEEFEEBFE0EFEB7" box="[293,408,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Hogsback</collectingMunicipality>
, on the road to
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD87FEEBFCD5FEB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFD87FEEBFCD5FEB6" box="[588,835,266,293]" country="South Africa" municipality="Hogsback" name="King William's Town" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">King William’s Town</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFC84FEEAFC64FEB7" box="[847,1010,266,293]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2012-03-07">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFC84FEEAFC64FEB7" box="[847,1010,266,293]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2012-03-07">7 March 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFC35FEEAFBF3FEB7" box="[1022,1125,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFC35FEEAFBA5FEB7" box="[1022,1075,267,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jaca</collectorName>
418
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFBBDFEEBFB39FEB7" box="[1142,1199,266,292]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFB0FFEEBFE6DFEDB" collectingDate="1948-01-15" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Story" country="South Africa" location="Keiskammahoek" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB0FFEEBFA15FEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB0FFEEBFA15FEB7" box="[1220,1411,266,292]" country="South Africa" name="Keiskammahoek" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Keiskammahoek</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFA44FEEBFEB4FEDB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1948-01-15">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFA44FEEBFEB4FEDB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1948-01-15">15 January 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFEE5FECEFE3CFEDB" box="[302,426,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFEE5FECEFEFFFEDA" box="[302,361,303,329]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Story</collectorName>
3286
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFE71FECFFE65FEDB" box="[442,499,302,328]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFDC3FECFFE12FEFF" collectingDate="1988-03-09" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Henderson" country="South Africa" county="About" location="Upper Chilton" municipality="Seymour" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingCounty id="62A9FFDCFFB9FFEBFDC3FECFFDD8FEDB" box="[520,590,302,328]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">About</collectingCounty>
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFB9FFEBFD9DFECFFD08FEDB" box="[598,670,302,328]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFD2EFECFFCDCFEDB" box="[741,842,302,328]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Seymour</collectingMunicipality>
towards
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFC78FECEFBC3FEDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFC78FECEFBC3FEDB" box="[947,1109,302,329]" country="South Africa" county="About" municipality="Seymour" name="Upper Chilton" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Upper Chilton</location>
near
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB5EFECFFB6EFEDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFB5EFECFFB6EFEDB" box="[1173,1272,302,328]" country="South Africa" county="About" municipality="Seymour" name="Strathire" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Strathire</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFACEFECFFA31FEDB" box="[1285,1447,302,328]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1988-03-09">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFACEFECFFA31FEDB" box="[1285,1447,302,328]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1988-03-09">9 March 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF43FEB3FEA2FEFF" box="[136,308,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFF43FEB3FE95FEFF" box="[136,259,338,364]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Henderson</collectorName>
934
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFE88FEB3FEEAFEFF" box="[323,380,338,364]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFB9FFEBFE5BFEB3FB7CFEFF" box="[400,1258,338,365]" collectingDate="1995-01-28" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Hoare" country="South Africa" county="Road" location="Seymour" municipality="Sudu" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingCounty id="62A9FFDCFFB9FFEBFE5BFEB3FE5DFEFF" box="[400,459,338,364]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Road</collectingCounty>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC1D2AFFB9FFEBFDC4FEB3FDDFFEFF" box="[527,585,338,364]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Sudu</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFDA6FEB3FD42FEFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFBAFFEBFF43FCC7FA3DFB8B:8EA8D18BFFB9FFEBFDA6FEB3FD42FEFF" box="[621,724,338,364]" country="South Africa" county="Road" municipality="Sudu" name="Seymour" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Seymour</location>
,
<date id="FFC9A190FFB9FFEBFD14FEB3FC0DFEFE" box="[735,923,338,365]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1995-01-28">
<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFB9FFEBFD14FEB3FC0DFEFE" box="[735,923,338,365]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1995-01-28">28 January 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFC6DFEB2FB0FFEFF" box="[934,1177,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFC6DFEB2FC7CFEFF" authorityName="Whitley" authorityYear="1951" box="[934,1002,339,364]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gerreidae" genus="Victor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Victor</taxonomicName>
and
<collectorName id="2682E286FFB9FFEBFBE9FEB2FBFFFEFF" box="[1058,1129,339,364]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Hoare</collectorName>
429
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED661F95FFB9FFEBFB63FEB3FB77FEFF" box="[1192,1249,338,364]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFB9FFEBFF76FE97FA3DFB8B" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFB9FFEBFF76FE97FD84FE6F" blockId="54.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF76FE97FE9FFE03" bold="true" box="[189,265,374,400]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Notes:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFEEDFE97FE2FFE03" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[294,441,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFEEDFE97FE2FFE03" box="[294,441,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Rubus affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was introduced from Europe very early. It was already present in the Stellenbosch region in the beginning of the 19
<superScript id="7C022A18FFB9FFEBFE77FE7BFE5FFE3B" attach="left" box="[444,457,410,424]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
century.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFDFCFE7BFC52FE27" author="Chamisso, A. de &amp; Schlechtendal, D. de" box="[567,964,410,436]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref46583" refString="Chamisso, A. de &amp; Schlechtendal, D. de (1827) De plantis in expeditione speculatoria romanzoffiana observatis. Linnaea 2: 1 - 20. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 10846 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1827">Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal (1827)</bibRefCitation>
described plants from
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFB9FFEBFB1FFE7BFAF1FE27" box="[1236,1383,410,436]" name="South Africa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">South Africa</collectingCountry>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFA58FE7AFEE1FE4B" authorityName="Chamisso &amp; Schlechtendal" authorityYear="1827" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fastigiatus" variety="bergii">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFA58FE7AFF6BFE4B" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. fastigiatus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFEFEFE5FFEE1FE4B" box="[309,375,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">bergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFE4EFE5FFD0DFE4B" author="Ecklon, C. F. &amp; Zeyher, C. L. P." box="[389,667,446,472]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref46945" refString="Ecklon, C. F. &amp; Zeyher, C. L. P. (1836) Enumeratio plantarum Africae australis extratropicae: quae collectae, determinatae et exposita, Vol. 2. Perthes &amp; Besser, Hamburg, 144 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48" type="book" year="1836">Ecklon &amp; Zeyher (1836)</bibRefCitation>
raised it to species level. The same taxon was described in Europe as
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFF43FE02FF7BFE6F" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[136,237,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF43FE02FF7BFE6F" box="[136,237,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFEDCFE03FD98FE6F" author="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[279,526,482,509]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref50345" refString="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1822) Rubi Germanici. Die deutsche Brombeerstrauche, Fasc. I &amp; II. Sch ˆ nian'sche Buchhandlung, Elberfeld, pp. 1 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1822">Weihe &amp; Nees (1822)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFB9FFEBFF76FDE7FE59FD46" blockId="54.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
The identity of both taxa was discovered recently (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFD20FDE7FCE2FDB3" author="Beek, A. van de" box="[747,884,518,544]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="172 - 196" refId="ref46136" refString="Beek, A. van de (2014 a) Nomenclatorische en taxonomische toelichting op de naamlijst van de Nederlandse bramen (Rubus L.). Gorteria 36: 172 - 196." type="journal article" year="2014">
Beek 2014
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFCA3FDE7FCE2FDB3" author="Beek, A" box="[872,884,518,544]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref46170" refString="Beek, A, van de (2014 b) Rubus costifolius and R. bergii in the National Herbarium of Victoria. Muelleria 32: 52 - 57." type="journal article" year="2014">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, 2014b).
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFC11FDE7FBE4FDB3" author="Weber, H. E." box="[986,1138,518,544]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref50302" refString="Weber, H. E. (1986 [' 1985 ']) Rubi Westfalici. Die Brombeerarten Westfalens und des Raumes Osnabruck (Rubus L., Subgenus Rubus). Westfalisches Museum fur Naturkunde, Munster, 452 pp." type="book" year="1986">Weber (1986)</bibRefCitation>
replaced the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFA8CFDE6FA3DFDB3" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[1351,1451,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFA8CFDE6FA3DFDB3" box="[1351,1451,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFF60FDCAFEA0FDD7" box="[171,310,555,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vigorosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF60FDCAFEA0FDD7" box="[171,310,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. vigorosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This replacement was based on a misinterpretation of the Code (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFBF7FDCBFB50FDD7" author="Beek, A. van de" box="[1084,1222,554,580]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="172 - 196" refId="ref46136" refString="Beek, A. van de (2014 a) Nomenclatorische en taxonomische toelichting op de naamlijst van de Nederlandse bramen (Rubus L.). Gorteria 36: 172 - 196." type="journal article" year="2014">Beek 2014a</bibRefCitation>
), but most European botanists followed
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFEAAFDAFFE68FDFB" author="Weber, H. E." box="[353,510,590,616]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref50302" refString="Weber, H. E. (1986 [' 1985 ']) Rubi Westfalici. Die Brombeerarten Westfalens und des Raumes Osnabruck (Rubus L., Subgenus Rubus). Westfalisches Museum fur Naturkunde, Munster, 452 pp." type="book" year="1986">Weber (1986)</bibRefCitation>
because of his authority, until the mistake was clarified. When the identity of the European species with
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFE40FD92FE7AFD1F" authorityName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." box="[395,492,626,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bergii">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFE40FD92FE7AFD1F" box="[395,492,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. bergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had become clear,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFD0FFD93FC33FD1F" author="Sochor, M. &amp; Travnicek, B. &amp; Manning, J. C." box="[708,933,626,653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref49411" refString="Sochor, M., Travnicek, B. &amp; Manning, J. C. (2018) Biosystematic revision of the native and naturalised species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 118: 241 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. sajb. 2018.07.015" type="journal article" year="2018">
Sochor
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFCD0FD92FCDAFD1F" box="[795,844,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
. (2018)
</bibRefCitation>
concluded that the latter should be the correct name, because it is older than
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFE1CFD76FDF7FD23" box="[471,609,663,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vigorosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFE1CFD76FDF7FD23" box="[471,609,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. vigorosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, because the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFC67FD76FB86FD23" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[940,1040,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFC67FD76FB86FD23" box="[940,1040,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not illegitimate and earlier than
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFA58FD76FF5CFD47" authorityName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bergii">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFA58FD76FF5CFD47" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. bergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this is the correct one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFB9FFEBFF76FD3FFD47FC1B" blockId="54.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Much confusion exists about the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFDB2FD3EFB93FD6B" authority="Linnaeus (1753: 493)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="493" authorityYear="1753" box="[633,1029,734,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFDB2FD3EFC91FD6B" box="[633,775,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. fruticosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFCC4FD3FFB93FD6B" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[783,1029,734,761]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref48175" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, Vol. 1. Laurentius Calvius, Holmiae, 560 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37656" type="book" year="1753">Linnaeus (1753: 493)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The conserved
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFB9FFEBFB77FD3EFB7AFD6A" box="[1212,1260,735,761]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
(LINN 653.9) is a specimen of what is presently called
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFD88FCE2FC7DFC8E" authority="Weihe &amp; Nees (1822: 15)" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityPageNumber="15" authorityYear="1822" box="[579,1003,770,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFD88FCE2FD2AFC8F" box="[579,700,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. plicatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFD0FFCE3FC7DFC8E" author="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[708,1003,770,797]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref50345" refString="Weihe, K. E. A. &amp; Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1822) Rubi Germanici. Die deutsche Brombeerstrauche, Fasc. I &amp; II. Sch ˆ nian'sche Buchhandlung, Elberfeld, pp. 1 - 28." type="book chapter" year="1822">Weihe &amp; Nees (1822: 15)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Formally the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFB1CFCE2FAF3FC8F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1239,1381,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFB1CFCE2FAF3FC8F" box="[1239,1381,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. fruticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the correct one and should be used (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFB9FFEBFE26FCC7FDFDFCD3" author="Beek, A. van de" box="[493,619,806,832]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref46098" refString="Beek, A. van de (1974) Die Brombeeren des geldrischen Distiktes innerhalb der Flora der Niederlande. Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht 415: 1 - 195." type="journal article" year="1974">Beek 1974</bibRefCitation>
). Because this name is also used for the whole complex of the blackberries in Europe and North America, much confusion is caused when it is also adopted for one of the microspecies. Therefore, European batologists use the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFDDFFC8EFD1AFC1B" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[532,652,878,904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFDDFFC8EFD1AFC1B" box="[532,652,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. plicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFB9FFEBFF76FC73FA3DFB8B" blockId="54.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFF76FC73FEF2FC3F" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[189,356,914,940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFF76FC73FEF2FC3F" box="[189,356,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Rubus plicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFE32FC72FDC9FC3F" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[505,607,914,940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFE32FC72FDC9FC3F" box="[505,607,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
especially by weaker prickles in the inflorescences (
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFB9FFEBFB7BFC73FA99FC3E" box="[1200,1295,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFB9FFEBFAF5FC73FA09FC3F" box="[1342,1439,914,940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 mm</quantity>
), patent concave sepals, and short stamens. It does not occur in
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFB9FFEBFC9AFC57FC72FC43" box="[849,996,950,976]" name="South Africa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. When the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFB67FC56FAADFC43" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1196,1339,950,976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFB67FC56FAADFC43" box="[1196,1339,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. fruticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was used for South African plants in the past, it was based on misidentifications. Even if one would not follow the European batologists and opt for the name
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFE3CFC1EFD12FB8B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[503,644,1022,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFE3CFC1EFD12FB8B" box="[503,644,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. fruticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
instead of
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFB9FFEBFCCBFC1EFCEEFB8B" authorityName="Weihe &amp; Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[768,888,1022,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFB9FFEBFCCBFC1EFCEEFB8B" box="[768,888,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. plicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this will not be relevant for South African plants.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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