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<document id="23A10D2D8ED1802C1B54792542A9D5B2" ID-DOI="10.22073/pja.v13i4.85812" ID-ISSN="2251-8169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14668778" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1737003594861" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Durucan, Furkan" docDate="2024" docId="03DDE642FFC5EF19FB6D9690D80C273B" docLanguage="en" docName="PersJourAcarology.13.4.771-796.pdf" docOrigin="Persian Journal of Acarology 13" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B3904D664642C9C0DBE4CD09E74105CD.9:PersJourAcarology.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="B3904D664642C9C0DBE4CD09E74105CD" docStyleName="PersJourAcarology.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Copidognathus gibbus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="776" masterDocId="FFE49E3AFFC1EF1CFA789436DA4D2363" masterDocTitle="Three new records and some juveniles of the genus Copidognathus (Acari, Halacaridae) from Türkiye" masterLastPageNumber="796" masterPageNumber="771" pageNumber="775" updateTime="1737010000186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0">
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<mods:title id="6C242E0217053E2822E5AF5F31ADF158">Three new records and some juveniles of the genus Copidognathus (Acari, Halacaridae) from Türkiye</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A42E214972F78E1035EC78B656B0A7F">Durucan, Furkan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5C8625C39BF5C599C120CF74E8864F34">Persian Journal of Acarology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBAC8555480B14FD9BB1BB32C56CEF89">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DDE642FFC5EF19FB6D9690D80C273B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14668838" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DDE642FFC5EF19FB6D9690D80C273B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DDE642FFC5EF19FB6D9690D80C273B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="776" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<subSubSection id="C36E04DFFFC5EF18FB6D9690DF5221A0" box="[277,1311,678,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FB6D9690DF5221A0" blockId="4.[277,1311,678,707]" box="[277,1311,678,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<heading id="D083E038FFC5EF18FB6D9690DF5221A0" bold="true" box="[277,1311,678,707]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="775" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FB6D9690DF5221A0" bold="true" box="[277,1311,678,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC5EF18FB6D9690D97121A0" authority="(Trouessart, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[277,828,678,707]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FB6D9690D87021A0" bold="true" box="[277,573,678,707]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Copidognathus gibbus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE52AA5FFC5EF18F8359690D97921A0" author="Trouessart, E." box="[589,820,678,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775" pagination="225 - 251" refId="ref9488" refString="Trouessart, E. (1889) Revue synoptique de la famille des Halacaridae. BulletIn ScIentIfIques de la France et de la BelgIque, SerIe 3, 20: 225 - 251." type="journal article" year="1889">Trouessart, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18F9379690D9A921A0" box="[847,996,678,707]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Figs. 5A–L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18F98D9690DE0821A0" box="[1013,1093,678,707]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[151,226,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[215,1374,280,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-163@16.[208,1378,259,1914]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) – A. Leg I, medial view (female); B. Tarsus I, medial view (female); C. Leg II, medial view (female); D. Leg III, medial view (female); E. Leg IV, medial view (female); F. Tibia IV and Tarsus IV, lateral views (female); G. Leg I, lateral view (PN); H. Leg II, lateral view (PN). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668794/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">6A–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FE2D9690DEEC21A0" box="[1109,1185,678,707]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[151,226,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-127@17.[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (nymphs) – A. Leg III, lateral view (PN); B. Leg IV, lateral view (PN); C. Leg I, medial view (larva); D. Leg II, medial view (larva); E. Leg III, medial view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668796/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">7A–E</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6F662EFFFC5EF18FEC99690DF5921A0" box="[1201,1300,678,707]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="24.[151,216,236,260]" captionText="Table 4. Idiosomal lengths of Copidognathus species (C. brachyostomus, C. gibbus, C. lamelloides, C. magnipalpus, C." pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Table 4</tableCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E04DFFFC5EF19FAEF96C6D80C273B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="776" pageId="4" pageNumber="775" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAEF96C6D90F206F" blockId="4.[151,834,751,781]" box="[151,834,751,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAEF96C6DB20206E" bold="true" box="[151,365,752,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Redescription –</emphasis>
Measurements presented in
<tableCitation id="C6F662EFFFC5EF18F8A396D9D971206F" box="[731,828,751,780]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="24.[151,216,236,260]" captionText="Table 4. Idiosomal lengths of Copidognathus species (C. brachyostomus, C. gibbus, C. lamelloides, C. magnipalpus, C." pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAEF970FDBF42035" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" box="[151,441,825,854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAEF970FDBF42035" box="[151,441,825,854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Morphology and notes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAA89768DEBA273B" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA89768DB032018" bold="true" box="[208,334,862,891]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA89768DB792018" bold="true" box="[208,308,862,891]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Female</emphasis>
–
</emphasis>
All dorsal plates well developed. Porose areolae both dorsal and ventral plates with rosette pores (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FB3597B5DBFE20C3" box="[333,435,899,928]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Idiosoma anteriorly with pointed protuberance. AD has “A” shaped internal sclerite. AD rectangular posteriorly. OC with two corneae. PD with single costae and with 3–5 rosette pores wide. Pair of ds-1 near lateral margin of AD. Setae ds-2 on OC. ds-3 to ds-5 on PD. Setae ds-5 long and stout (78 long). Ventral plates uniformly punctated. First epimeral process with prominent epimeral processes both female and male specimens. GA truncate anteriorly with three pairs of setae. Genital sclerites a pair of sgs. Ovipositor extending far beyond GO and pgs-1 (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FEFF900DDEA7273B" box="[1159,1258,1083,1112]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAA89069DE542657" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
Gnathosoma (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FBF19069DBA5271F" box="[393,488,1119,1148]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
) 1.38 times longer than wide. Gnathosomal base with pair of distinct areolae. One pair of maxillary setae on gnathosomal base, other pair half-way along rostrum. Rostrum triangular, reaching end of P2. Tectum with large ridge-like process. Rostrum as long as 0.48 of gnathosoma length. Rostral sulcus long, reaching up to 0.6 of rostral length. Palps are slender and consist of four segments. P1 to P4 lengths 13, 35, 10, 40 respectively. P1 and P3 without setae, P2 with single seta, P4 with three setae at basal whorl. P4 longer than P2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAA8910ADAF025C7" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
All legs with lamellae (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18F87B910AD8C6263A" box="[515,651,1340,1369]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[151,226,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[215,1374,280,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-163@16.[208,1378,259,1914]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) – A. Leg I, medial view (female); B. Tarsus I, medial view (female); C. Leg II, medial view (female); D. Leg III, medial view (female); E. Leg IV, medial view (female); F. Tibia IV and Tarsus IV, lateral views (female); G. Leg I, lateral view (PN); H. Leg II, lateral view (PN). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668794/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 6A–F</figureCitation>
) Some of lamellae with reticulate patterns as illustrated. All basifemura and telofemora with ventrolateral lamellae. Genua I and II with lamellae, genua III and IV has no lamellae. All tibiae each with two lamellae ventrolaterally and ventromedially. Trochanter III and IV with triangular projection. Leg chaetotaxy from trochanter to tarsus (bipectinated setae between parentheses, parambulacral setae excluded): leg I: 1, 2, 5, 4, 7(2), 65; leg II: 1, 2, 5, 4, 7(1), 3; leg III: 1, 2, 2, 3, 5(1), 3; leg IV: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5(1), 2. Tarsi I to IV with 3, 3, 4, 3 dorsal setae and 32, 0, 0, 0 ventral setae. Delicately pectinate setae exist on basifemora 2, 2, 1, 1, telofemora 1, 1, 0, 0, genua 1, 1, 1, 1 and tibiae 1, 1, 1, 1. All legs with two lateral claws with accessory process and a small bidentate median claw. Fossa membrane well-developed in tarsi I and II, while slender in tarsi III and IV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF18FAA8929BD906245B" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA8929BDB6325A9" bold="true" box="[208,302,1709,1738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA8929BDB5925A9" bold="true" box="[208,276,1709,1738]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Male</emphasis>
–
</emphasis>
Male is similar to female except for the genital plate (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18F985929ADE2B25AA" box="[1021,1126,1708,1737]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
). Spermatopositor large (115), extending beyond ring of pgs (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18F80C92E7D883258D" box="[628,718,1745,1774]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
). GO 50 long, 38 wide. GO surrounded by 20 pgs. Four pairs of sgs are present; anterior pairs hair-like, posterior ones spur-like (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FE4492C0DEEE2470" box="[1084,1187,1782,1811]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
). Distance between edges of GA and GO 75, equalling 0.66 of GO length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC5EF19FAA89376DE6C224D" blockId="4.[151,1437,825,2032]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,236,707]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="776" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA89376DBC1243E" bold="true" box="[208,396,1856,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC5EF18FAA89376DB39243E" bold="true" box="[208,372,1856,1885]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Protonymph</emphasis>
–
</emphasis>
Dorsal and ventral plates and porose areolae on plates less developed than adults (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC5EF18FAD99352DB7A24E2" box="[161,311,1892,1921]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="775">Figs. 5B, E</figureCitation>
). AD with three areolae and glp-1 on lateral margin of the plate. Pair of ds-1 on middle areolae. OC longer than wide, not tail like and posteriorly extending to almost level of leg III insertions. PD with a pair of costae which is two rosette pores wide. AE with three pairs of setae and a pair of epimeral pores. PE with one dorsal and two ventral setae. Genitoanal plate is almost rectangular with genital acetabula. No setae on genital plate. Gnathosoma longer than wide. Tectum triangular and with reticulate patterns. Palps four segmented (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19F9D49527DE5F224D" box="[940,1042,273,302]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC4EF19FAA89501D8BF22A2" blockId="5.[151,1437,236,707]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">
Leg chaetotaxy (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19FBDE9500D8702230" box="[422,573,310,339]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[151,226,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[215,1374,280,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-163@16.[208,1378,259,1914]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) – A. Leg I, medial view (female); B. Tarsus I, medial view (female); C. Leg II, medial view (female); D. Leg III, medial view (female); E. Leg IV, medial view (female); F. Tibia IV and Tarsus IV, lateral views (female); G. Leg I, lateral view (PN); H. Leg II, lateral view (PN). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668794/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Figs. 6G–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19F8369500D8D32230" box="[590,670,310,339]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[151,226,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-127@17.[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (nymphs) – A. Leg III, lateral view (PN); B. Leg IV, lateral view (PN); C. Leg I, medial view (larva); D. Leg II, medial view (larva); E. Leg III, medial view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">7A–B</figureCitation>
): leg I, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5(1), 6; leg II, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5(1), 3; leg III, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5(1), 4; leg IV, 0, 1+2(basifemur + telofemur), 3, 5(1), 3. Each of tibiae I to IV with one bipectinate setae. All legs with two lateral claws with accessory process but large pectines (oil immersion) and a small bidentate median claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC4EF19FAA895FFDB5921A0" blockId="5.[151,1437,236,707]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FAA895FFDB7A2285" bold="true" box="[208,311,457,486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FAA895FFDB532285" bold="true" box="[208,286,457,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Larva</emphasis>
–
</emphasis>
Dorsal plates smaller than protonymph. The larva is charecterized by its distinctive big reticulate patterns on dorsal plates. AD with pair of gland pores and pair of setae. OC large with a gland pore and pore canaliculus. PD anteriorly narrow and has one costae. Ds-4 and ds-5 at 0.37 and 0.7 of its total length, respectively. Pair of ds-6 has not seen. Glp-3 on PD situated between ds-4 and ds-5 (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19FAA7966ADB0B211A" box="[223,326,604,633]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Gnathosoma longer than wide. Palps four segmented (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19FE68966ADE3E211A" box="[1040,1139,604,633]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[151,226,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[210,1385,236,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-213@15.[203,1385,229,1900]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (adults &amp; nymphs) – A. Idiosoma, dorsal view (L); B. Idiosoma, dorsal view (PN); C. Idiosoma, dorsal view (female); D. Idiosoma, ventral view (larva); E. Idiosoma, ventral view (PN); F. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); G. Idiosoma, ventral view (female); H. Genital opening, male; I. Spermatopositor (male); J. Gnathosoma ventral (female); K. Gnathosoma, dorsal view (PN); L. Gnathosoma, ventral view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Fig. 5L</figureCitation>
). Leg chatetotaxy (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19FF10966ADAA921FD" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[151,226,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-127@17.[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (nymphs) – A. Leg III, lateral view (PN); B. Leg IV, lateral view (PN); C. Leg I, medial view (larva); D. Leg II, medial view (larva); E. Leg III, medial view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Fig. 7C–E</figureCitation>
); leg I, 1, 1+3, 4, 5, 3; leg II, 1, 1+3, 4, 5, 4; leg III, 0, 1+2, 3, 5, 4. Lamellae not developed (
<figureCitation id="134F4BD1FFC4EF19FAD99690DB4B21A0" box="[161,262,678,707]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[151,226,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-127@17.[151,1436,229,1382]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Copidognathus gibbus (Trouessart, 1889) (nymphs) – A. Leg III, lateral view (PN); B. Leg IV, lateral view (PN); C. Leg I, medial view (larva); D. Leg II, medial view (larva); E. Leg III, medial view (larva). Scale bars: 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC4EF19FAEF96D9DB4A206F" blockId="5.[151,1436,751,1112]" box="[151,263,751,780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FAEF96D9DB4A206F" box="[151,263,751,780]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB5754FFC4EF19FAA89722D80C273B" blockId="5.[151,1436,751,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">
There are several natural groups within the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19F91F9722DE662052" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1888" box="[871,1067,788,817]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19F91F9722DE662052" box="[871,1067,788,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Copidognathus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, one of which is the
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FF3F9722DFD12052" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1351,1436,788,817]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FF3F9722DFD12052" box="[1351,1436,788,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, comprising 50 valid species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE52AA5FFC4EF19F817970FD90C2035" author="Lee, J. &amp; Shin, J. H. &amp; Chang, C. Y." box="[623,833,825,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" refId="ref9316" refString="Lee, J., Shin, J. H. &amp; Chang, C. Y. (2023) New Records of the CopIdognathus gIbbus Group (Acari, Halacaridae) from Korea, with descriptions of C. levIcostatus n. sp. and C. vIcInus. Journal of MarIne ScIence and EngIneerIng, 11 (5): 964. DOI: 10.3390 / jmse 11050964" type="journal volume" year="2023">Lee et al., 2023</bibRefCitation>
). Three species from this group (
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FE89970CDF202035" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1265,1389,825,854]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FE89970CDF202035" box="[1265,1389,825,854]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">C. gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FF07970CDB0D2018" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majusculatus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FF07970CDB0D2018" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">C. majusculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FBE09769D8642018" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[408,553,863,891]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remipes">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FBE09769D8642018" box="[408,553,863,891]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">C. remipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) have previously been reported from
<collectingCountry id="F36317C4FFC4EF19FE399768DEEB2018" box="[1089,1190,862,891]" name="Turkey" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Türkiye</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE52AA5FFC4EF19FEB89768DFC22018" author="Durucan, F." box="[1216,1423,862,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" pagination="270 - 282" refId="ref9233" refString="Durucan, F. (2019) New halacarid records from Antalya, Turkey (Acari, Halacaridae). MunIs Entomology and Zoology, 14 (1): 270 - 282." type="journal article" year="2019">Durucan, 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FAEF97B5DBF520C3" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,440,899,928]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FAEF97B5DBF520C3" box="[151,440,899,928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Copidognathus gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE52AA5FFC4EF19F89997B2D98920C3" author="Trouessart, E." box="[737,964,899,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" pagination="225 - 251" refId="ref9488" refString="Trouessart, E. (1889) Revue synoptique de la famille des Halacaridae. BulletIn ScIentIfIques de la France et de la BelgIque, SerIe 3, 20: 225 - 251." type="journal article" year="1889">Trouessart (1889)</bibRefCitation>
from the littoral zones of the French Atlantic and French Mediterranean. The species was later recorded from fine sand sediments at a depth of
<quantity id="4C8CFAB1FFC4EF19FB6297FADB1E208A" box="[282,339,972,1001]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
in
<collectingRegion id="49B099B6FFC4EF19FBF397FADBBD208A" box="[395,496,972,1001]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Antalya</collectingRegion>
(Yakamoz Beach), based on adult specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE52AA5FFC4EF19FE0797FADF0A208A" author="Durucan, F." box="[1151,1351,972,1001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" pagination="270 - 282" refId="ref9233" refString="Durucan, F. (2019) New halacarid records from Antalya, Turkey (Acari, Halacaridae). MunIs Entomology and Zoology, 14 (1): 270 - 282." type="journal article" year="2019">Durucan, 2019</bibRefCitation>
). The protonymph stage of
<taxonomicName id="4C742CD7FFC4EF19FBD597C4D865276D" baseAuthorityName="Trouessart" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[429,552,1009,1038]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Copidognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B9008B46FFC4EF19FBD597C4D865276D" box="[429,552,1009,1038]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">C. gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported and illustrated by Morselli (1970) from Livorno,
<collectingCountry id="F36317C4FFC4EF19FF1997C7DFD1276D" box="[1377,1436,1009,1038]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Italy</collectingCountry>
(Tyrrhenian Sea). The morphological characteristics of the protonymph specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F36317C4FFC4EF19FF4E9020DFD62750" box="[1334,1435,1046,1075]" name="Turkey" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Türkiye</collectingCountry>
correspond with those from
<collectingCountry id="F36317C4FFC4EF19F878900DD870273B" box="[512,573,1083,1112]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="776">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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