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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663518" ID-ZooBank="82968DC8-49F4-4E1E-9DFA-EE71531EE121" checkinTime="1677050933648" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Danielopol, Dan L., Cabral, M. Cristina, Horne, David J., Namiotko, Tadeusz &amp; Lord, Alan R." docDate="2023" docId="03DA682B2E17FFB6A398FF56FB273BD2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5244.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5244 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sagmatocythere rectum" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="330" masterDocId="FFE310532E0CFFABA30FFFC1FFCC3A7F" masterDocTitle="Reconciling diagnostic traits in living and fossil taxa: The taxonomy and evolution of the genus Microceratina (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cytheruridae)" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="328" updateTime="1677074360929" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title>Reconciling diagnostic traits in living and fossil taxa: The taxonomy and evolution of the genus Microceratina (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cytheruridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Danielopol, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-3968-5564</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Karl-Franzens University, Institute of Earth Sciences, Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Heinrichstrasse 26, A- 8010 Graz, Austria. dldanielopol @ icloud. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3968 - 5564</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cabral, M. Cristina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-8717-4043</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C 1, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal &amp; Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C 6, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal mccabral @ fc. ul. pt; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8717 - 4043</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mccabral@fc.ul.pt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Horne, David J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E 1 4 NS, UK.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Namiotko, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Gdansk, Faculty of Biology, Department of Evolutionary Genetics and Biosystematics, Laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Aquatic Invertebrates, Wita Stwosza 59, 80 - 308 Gdańsk, Poland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lord, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-0008-7746</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage 25, D- 60325 Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany alan. lord @ senckenberg. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0008 - 7746</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-21</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5244</mods:number>
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1245,151,178]" box="[151,1245,151,178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,1245,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,1245,151,178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
?
<taxonomicName authority="(Brady)" baseAuthorityName="Brady" box="[166,557,151,178]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Sagmatocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,452,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Sagmatocythere rectum</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" box="[574,765,151,177]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Loxoconchidae</taxonomicName>
) comb. nov.—A case of homeomorphy
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="328" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
?
<taxonomicName authority="(Brady, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[164,585,223,249]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Sagmatocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[164,426,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Sagmatocythere rectum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S." box="[439,577,223,249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="353 - 495" refId="ref27474" refString="Brady, G. S. (1868) A monograph of the Recent British Ostracoda. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 26 (2), 353 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096.3642.1968. tb 00199" type="journal article" year="1868">Brady, 1868</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is a Recent (presumed living) rare species, whose original description, based on the examination of only one carapace, was brief and without illustration.The analysed specimen was from Lerwick Bay,
<collectingCountry box="[208,309,295,321]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Shetland</collectingCountry>
, dredged from a depth of
<emphasis box="[596,608,296,321]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">c</emphasis>
.
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, and the species was first attributed to the genus
<taxonomicName box="[1268,1429,295,321]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1268,1429,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Cytheropteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, subfamily
<taxonomicName box="[272,456,331,357]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cytheropterinae">Cytheropterinae</taxonomicName>
. Later, the species was found in other localities (west of
<collectingCountry box="[1112,1194,331,357]" name="Ireland" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Ireland</collectingCountry>
, Bay of Biscay), and figured with some drawings in
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S. &amp; Robertson, D." box="[496,788,367,393]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="353 - 374" refId="ref27589" refString="Brady, G. S. &amp; Robertson, D. (1869) Dredging West of Ireland. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 3, 353 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936908695961" type="journal article" year="1869">Brady &amp; Robertson (1869</bibRefCitation>
, pl. XX, figs 68) and in
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M." box="[1066,1334,367,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="63 - 270" refId="ref27523" refString="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M. (1889) A monograph of the marine and freshwater Ostracoda of the North Atlantic and of North- Western Europe. Section I. Podocopa. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II, IV, 63 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460549" type="journal article" year="1889">Brady &amp; Norman (1889</bibRefCitation>
, pl. XIX, figs 13, 14).
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M." box="[299,582,403,430]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="63 - 270" refId="ref27523" refString="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M. (1889) A monograph of the marine and freshwater Ostracoda of the North Atlantic and of North- Western Europe. Section I. Podocopa. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II, IV, 63 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460549" type="journal article" year="1889">Brady &amp; Norman (1889)</bibRefCitation>
considered the species as belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName authority="Sars, 1866" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1866" box="[1154,1432,403,429]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bythocytheridae" genus="Bythocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1154,1301,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Bythocythere</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sars, G. O." box="[1309,1432,403,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref29702" refString="Sars, G. O. (1866) Oversigt af Norges Marine Ostracoder. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania, 1865, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1866">Sars, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, family
<taxonomicName box="[230,419,439,465]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bythocytheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bythocytheridae</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Athersuch, J. &amp; Horne, D. J." box="[427,728,439,466]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="29 - 38" refId="ref26812" refString="Athersuch, J. &amp; Horne, D. J. (1983) On Nannocythere pavo (Malcomson). A Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, 10, 29 - 38." type="journal article" year="1983">Athersuch &amp; Horne (1983)</bibRefCitation>
, studying specimens of
<taxonomicName authority="(Malcomson, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Malcomson" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[994,1436,439,465]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Nannocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavo">
<emphasis box="[994,1210,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Nannocythere pavo</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Malcomson, S. M." box="[1224,1428,439,465]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="259 - 264" refId="ref29071" refString="Malcomson, S. M. (1886) Recent Ostracoda of Belfast Lough. Report of Proceedings of the Belfast Natural Field Club, Appendix 9 (1884 - 1885), 259 - 264." type="journal article" year="1886">Malcomson, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and of
<taxonomicName authority="Brady, 1868" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1868" box="[228,619,475,501]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[228,474,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Cytheropteron rectum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S." box="[480,619,475,501]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="353 - 495" refId="ref27474" refString="Brady, G. S. (1868) A monograph of the Recent British Ostracoda. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 26 (2), 353 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096.3642.1968. tb 00199" type="journal article" year="1868">Brady, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, two species considered by
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M." box="[929,1206,475,502]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="63 - 270" refId="ref27523" refString="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M. (1889) A monograph of the marine and freshwater Ostracoda of the North Atlantic and of North- Western Europe. Section I. Podocopa. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II, IV, 63 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460549" type="journal article" year="1889">Brady &amp; Norman (1889)</bibRefCitation>
as only one, with
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Malcomson" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Nannocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">N. pavo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being the juveniles of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1868" box="[461,571,512,538]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[461,571,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">C. rectum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, moved both species, completely distinct, to the family
<taxonomicName box="[1198,1374,511,537]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Loxoconchidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
Our attention was initially drawn to this species by its resemblance to members of the genus
<taxonomicName box="[1269,1430,548,573]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Microceratina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1269,1430,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Microceratina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, closer examination and comparison with
<taxonomicName box="[762,1018,583,609]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis box="[762,923,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Microceratina</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
especially from the Mediterranean demonstrated that we are dealing with an example of homeomorphy that merits clarification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="330" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
The illustrations in
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M." box="[427,715,655,682]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="63 - 270" refId="ref27523" refString="Brady, G. S. &amp; Norman, A. M. (1889) A monograph of the marine and freshwater Ostracoda of the North Atlantic and of North- Western Europe. Section I. Podocopa. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series II, IV, 63 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460549" type="journal article" year="1889">Brady &amp; Norman (1889)</bibRefCitation>
, together with SEM images of
<specimenCount box="[1082,1238,655,682]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
from St Magnus Bay,
<collectingCountry box="[208,306,691,717]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Shetland</collectingCountry>
(Norman Collection
<date box="[543,653,691,717]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" value="1911-11-08">1911.11.8</date>
M3820), allow us to identify some Portuguese material (loose valves) collected in modern sediments of the Eastern Algarve continental shelf, off Tavira, and of the Mira estuary, SW
<collectingCountry box="[151,249,763,789]" name="Portugal" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, as belonging to the same species. The Portuguese specimens have a gongylodont hinge, NPC of
<specimenCount pageId="27" pageNumber="328" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
and StPC (description below), and are considered as
<taxonomicName box="[811,987,799,825]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Loxoconchidae</taxonomicName>
, in accordance with
<bibRefCitation author="Athersuch, J. &amp; Horne, D. J." pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="29 - 38" refId="ref26812" refString="Athersuch, J. &amp; Horne, D. J. (1983) On Nannocythere pavo (Malcomson). A Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, 10, 29 - 38." type="journal article" year="1983">Athersuch &amp; Horne (1983)</bibRefCitation>
. We tentatively place the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1868" box="[511,588,836,861]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[511,588,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">rectum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Athersuch" authorityYear="1976" box="[820,999,835,861]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Sagmatocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[820,999,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Sagmatocythere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described by
<bibRefCitation author="Athersuch, J." box="[1159,1357,835,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="117 - 124" refId="ref26786" refString="Athersuch, J. (1976) On Sagmatocythere napoliana (Puri). A Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, 3, 117 - 124." type="journal article" year="1976">Athersuch (1976)</bibRefCitation>
, due to its dimensions&gt;
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(L =
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), the sub-quadrangular to sub-rectangular outline, the pitted/reticulate ornamentation, the presence of few and simple marginal pore canals and of the gongylodont hinge with the terminal elements “comma-shaped” and lobate. However, the genus was described using morphological features of the valves and soft parts, the latter not available in the Portuguese material with only loose valves found. The
<taxonomicName box="[1264,1437,979,1005]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Loxoconchidae</taxonomicName>
genus
<taxonomicName authority="Schafer, 1953" authorityName="Schafer" authorityYear="1953" box="[223,539,1015,1042]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Nannocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[223,379,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Nannocythere</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, H. W." box="[385,539,1015,1042]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" pagination="351 - 389" refId="ref29805" refString="Schafer, H. W. (1953) Uber Meeres- und Brackwasser-Ostracoden aus dem Deutschen K ¸ stengebiet. Mit 2: Mitteilung ¸ ber die Ostracodenfauna Griechenlands. Hydrobiologia, 5 (4), 351 - 389. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00018667" type="journal article" year="1953">Schäfer, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
possesses some characteristics in common with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1868" box="[1079,1156,1016,1041]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[1079,1156,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">rectum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species but has a smaller size (&lt;
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), conspicuous pore conuli and an anterior marginal flange. A more complete description of the carapaces morphology, important for its taxonomy and comparison with
<taxonomicName box="[974,1135,1088,1113]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Microceratina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[974,1135,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Microceratina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is presented below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
The carapace is small, sub-rectangular in lateral outline. L &lt;
<quantity box="[924,1016,1123,1150]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
with greatest length at mid-height, anterior margin equicurvate. Greatest height located at the anterior third of L; H/L% is 5051%. Greatest width at approximately three-quarters of length from anterior, slightly larger than one-quarter of length, corresponding to the maximum development of the ventral inflation. The anterior margin displays a lamellar AMZ, representing 2.5% of L (
<figureCitation box="[183,283,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
), and which continues along the ventral and posterior margins of the valve (
<figureCitation box="[1133,1260,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15E, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
<materialsCitation collectionCode="NPC" county="These" location="The" municipality="There" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" specimenCount="2">
Lateral surface with a dorso-median sulcus (
<figureCitation box="[704,917,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15A, E, K, O</figureCitation>
), ending in an enlarged subcentral depression where the adductor muscle scars can be seen (
<figureCitation box="[691,837,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15K, L</figureCitation>
). Mid and postero-ventral zones inflated, forming a longitudinal expansion almost parallel to the dorsal margin, ending in a round alar protuberance, emphasised by a
<collectingMethod box="[151,519,1411,1438]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">thickening of the reticulation net</collectingMethod>
(
<figureCitation box="[535,628,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15I</figureCitation>
). Eye tubercle not obvious. In dorsal view the carapace is inflated, with posterior end strongly prominent and dorsal-median sulcus visible (
<figureCitation box="[930,1042,1447,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15M</figureCitation>
); in ventral view it has a sagittate outline, with a weak compression in the alar processes and the posterior margin extending beyond them (
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15N</figureCitation>
). Dorsal margin straight, with obtuse cardinal angles. Ventral margin weakly sinuous, tapering towards the posterior. Anterior margin rounded, infracurvate, with extremity below mid-height. Posterior margin flattened, rounded to slightly pointed, infracurvate. The valve surface is covered by large cells, generally of round shape. The diameter of the cells illustrated in
<figureCitation box="[598,767,1627,1654]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15B, H, I</figureCitation>
: M = 6.5 µm (r = 4.69.25, N = 19). There is no reticular polygonal pattern of muri covering the surface of the valve. Simple
<collectionCode box="[947,1001,1663,1689]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nwky-2b63" name="National Pusa Collection" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">NPC</collectionCode>
without a rim (A-
<typeStatus box="[1222,1274,1663,1689]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">type</typeStatus>
) with sensilla are visible on the tectum of the valve (
<figureCitation box="[591,696,1699,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
); the diameter for the sensillum illustrated is 1.25 µm at its basal part. There are other simple
<collectionCode box="[484,538,1735,1761]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nwky-2b63" name="National Pusa Collection" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">NPC</collectionCode>
(A”-
<typeStatus box="[597,649,1735,1761]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">type</typeStatus>
) opening either on a flat conulus (
<figureCitation box="[1057,1197,1735,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15F, H</figureCitation>
) or surrounded by a rim (
<figureCitation box="[207,304,1771,1798]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15J</figureCitation>
); their diameters vary between 11.5 µm. StPC represented by a central pore with sensillum and a perforated surrounding area (C-type pore) are distributed on the tectum of the valve (
<figureCitation box="[1129,1304,1807,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15B, C, F</figureCitation>
).
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA682B2E17FFB6A398FF56FB273BD2:8EAC8FE62E17FFB0A621F8CEFA963D56" box="[1326,1370,1807,1833]" county="These" municipality="There" name="The" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">The</location>
StPC of?
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1868" box="[198,306,1843,1869]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cytheruridae" genus="Cytheropteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[198,306,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">S. rectum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are never located in the cells.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA682B2E17FFB6A398FF56FB273BD2:8EAC8FE62E17FFB0A1AEF8F2FD153D32" box="[673,729,1843,1869]" county="These" municipality="There" name="Such" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Such</location>
StPC have a diameter of about 3.23.5 µm with the central pore having a diameter of 11.5 µm.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA682B2E17FFB6A398FF56FB273BD2:8EAC8FE62E17FFB0A15FF896FDB03D0E" box="[592,636,1879,1905]" county="These" municipality="There" name="The" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">The</location>
sensillum emerging from inside the pore is slender, e.g., those from
<figureCitation box="[151,247,1915,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
have a diameter of about 0.5 µm.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA682B2E17FFB6A398FF56FB273BD2:8EAC8FE62E17FFB0A18DF8BAFD293DE9" box="[642,741,1915,1942]" county="These" municipality="There" name="The area" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">The area</location>
around the central pore is perforated with 1015 small pores opening within tubuli which penetrate the valve.
<collectingMunicipality box="[709,774,1951,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">There</collectingMunicipality>
is one, sometimes two rows of such pores within the area surrounding the central pore (
<figureCitation box="[476,640,1987,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Figs 15B, C, F</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCounty box="[658,725,1987,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">These</collectingCounty>
minute pores have a size of: M = 0.3 µm (r = 0.180.43, N = 11)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" startId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" targetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph blockId="28.[151,1436,1649,2033]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,286,1649,1673]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
?
<taxonomicName authority="(Brady, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[302,685,1649,1673]" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Sagmatocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectum">
<emphasis box="[302,538,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Sagmatocythere rectum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Brady, G. S." box="[550,677,1649,1673]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" pagination="353 - 495" refId="ref27474" refString="Brady, G. S. (1868) A monograph of the Recent British Ostracoda. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 26 (2), 353 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096.3642.1968. tb 00199" type="journal article" year="1868">Brady, 1868</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="29.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">
Internally the selvage of the RV extends up to the OM of the valve (
<figureCitation box="[950,1048,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Fig. 15P</figureCitation>
). The diameter of pores apparently emerging from a StPC (
<figureCitation box="[422,525,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Fig. 15Q</figureCitation>
) is 3.33 µm; two tubules with a diameter of about 0.60.8 µm are visible inside the larger cavity. Other pores on the internal side of the valve are visible in
<figureCitation box="[1050,1232,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Figs 15T, V, W</figureCitation>
; their diameter is approximately 5 µm. Hinge gongylodont (
<figureCitation box="[621,853,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Figs 15P, R, S, UW</figureCitation>
) with smooth median element and “comma-shaped” and lobate terminal elements (clearer in the posterior part,
<figureCitation box="[839,982,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Figs 15S, V</figureCitation>
). Marginal zone rather wide anteriorly, relatively narrow posteriorly, both with vestibules, the posterior being very narrow; MPC straight and simple, about seven in the posterior zone, number anteriorly could not be determined; four slightly elongated adductor muscle scars, arranged in a curved vertical row, seen externally in the subcentral depression (
<figureCitation box="[1107,1246,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1649,1673]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetId="figure-28@28.[205,1383,181,1625]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15.?Sagmatocythere rectum (Brady, 1868), valve morphology:AJ, N, PT (inner continental shelf off Tavira, Eastern Algarve, Portugal); KM, O, UW (Mira lower estuary, Portugal); AD and PT—RV, SMF Xe 23996; AD—RV external; A—general lateral view; B—detail of A, round cells and StPC (C-type pore); C—detail of A, StPC (C-type pore); D—detail of A, simple NPC (A-type). EJ—LV external, SMF Xe 23997; E—general lateral view; F—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); G—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A-type) and StPC (C-type pore); H—detail of E, round cells, simple NPC (A and A”-type) and StPC (C-type pore); I—detail of E, round postero-ventral protuberance; J—detail of E, simple NPC (A”-type). KM—RV external, SMF Xe 23999; K—general lateral view; L—detail of K, adductor muscle scars; M—general dorsal view. N—LV general ventral view, SMF Xe 23998. O—LV, juvenile (A-1?), external lateral view, SMF Xe 24001. PT—RV internal (as AD); P—general view; Q—detail of P, StPC; R—detail of P, hinge, anterior; S—detail of P, hinge, posterior; T—detail of P, posterior zone with NPC. UW—LV internal, SMF Xe 24000; U—general view; V—detail of U, posterior, hinge and NPC; W—detail of U, anterior, hinge and NPC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="330">Figs 15K, L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>