208 lines
28 KiB
XML
208 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="66CA70C6DAB54832EB9881A6FBD03C9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="53775" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5222.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24e01e7e-1490-47c6-89ad-c5f61d54ca9a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7469935" ID-ZooBank="AB8A29BD-87BF-4913-8501-51AD7B647E67" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1671438789347" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rafael, José A., Marques, Dayse W. A., González, Christian R. & Sinclair, Bradley J." docDate="2022" docId="03D9A938AF1FFF81CE875C32FCCDA6B7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5222.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5222 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Homalocnemis Philippi 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="FFE0D140AF1EFF83CE105A23FFB2A432" masterDocTitle="Review of Homalocnemidae of Chile with a key to species and descriptions of male and female terminalia (Diptera: Empidoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="168" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1699413656870" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="67395FCF78A17B48894C62A3D4AA839D">Review of Homalocnemidae of Chile with a key to species and descriptions of male and female terminalia (Diptera: Empidoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="37ED57784FBE45306A7458A0F263A70C">Rafael, José A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B06BE985923CE55FA00EAC040E12023">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazo ̂ nia, INPA, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. jarafael @ inpa. gov. br, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0170 - 0514</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="795C3F5F759FE3CFB9956269CD59C12F">Marques, Dayse W. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="952307AC8F126D9E002869E07F7F1B8A">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazo ̂ nia, INPA, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. willkenia @ gmail. com, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7260 - 5760</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E987ED5AAE919B920DF881E274E75E23">González, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="21038D62C6220566AA4738CBA98DF430">Instituto de Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile. christian. gonzalez @ umce. cl, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2582 - 6071</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="16005B94FA4982EC0AF1588EC1A2684B">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="60C0A708628CF7759660F66200705A1C">Canadian National Collection of Insects & Canadian Food Inspection Agency, OPL-Entomology, Ottawa, Canada. bradley. sinclair @ inspection. gc. ca, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6413 - 1606</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9F5740E6C3F2EC659EA8A59BD34116A7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5F67258FEAFC875EBA27A8AB45A98E3C">
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<mods:date id="D26FB5972B3E36397D2AEFF910346FA1">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7EBEFB0510710FF8AB247330E076A73C">5222</mods:number>
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CE875C32FDEBA219" bold="true" box="[151,601,1553,1580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CEFE5C32FDEBA219" authority="Philippi, 1865" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1865" box="[238,601,1553,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Homalocnemiidae" genus="Homalocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CEFE5C32FE17A21E" bold="true" box="[238,421,1553,1580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Homalocnemis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CFBC5C32FDEBA219" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[428,601,1553,1579]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref6109" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1865) Aufza ¨ hlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-ko ¨ niglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD13E3FAF1FFF82CE875C75FE49A25C" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[151,507,1622,1646]" page="752" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" year="1865">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CE875C75FE49A25C" authority="Philippi, 1865: 752" authorityName="Philippi" authorityPageNumber="752" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,507,1622,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Homalocnemiidae" genus="Homalocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CE875C75FE9DA25C" box="[151,303,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Homalocnemis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF255C75FE49A25C" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[309,507,1622,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref6109" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1865) Aufza ¨ hlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-ko ¨ niglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865: 752</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="C36A4BA5AF1FFF82CC155C75FE08A2BF" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" type="type_taxon">
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Type-species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CC865C75FC4CA25C" authority="Philippi" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1865" box="[662,1022,1622,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Homalocnemiidae" genus="Homalocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripennis">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CC865C75FC15A25F" box="[662,935,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Homalocnemis nigripennis</emphasis>
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Philippi
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</taxonomicName>
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(mon.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF182EAF1FFF82CE875C57FE08A2BF" blockId="1.[151,1104,1622,1677]" box="[151,442,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD13E3FAF1FFF82CE875C57FE04A2BF" author="Hutton, F. W." box="[151,438,1652,1677]" page="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" year="1901">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CE875C57FE04A2BF" authority="Hutton, 1901: 23" authorityName="Hutton" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,438,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Fraudator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CE875C57FEB3A2BE" box="[151,257,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Fraudator</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF175C56FE04A2BF" author="Hutton, F. W." box="[263,438,1653,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref5482" refString="Hutton, F. W. (1901) Synopsis of the Diptera Brachycera of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 33, 1 - 95. [1900]" type="journal article" year="1901">Hutton, 1901: 23</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36A4BA5AF1FFF82CFD05C57FBBEA2BF" box="[448,1036,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" type="multiple">
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Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CC415C57FC09A2BF" authority="Hutton, 1901" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1901" box="[593,955,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Fraudator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspicuus">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CC415C57FC9DA2BE" box="[593,815,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Fraudator perspicuus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CD255C56FC09A2BF" author="Hutton, F. W." box="[821,955,1653,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref5482" refString="Hutton, F. W. (1901) Synopsis of the Diptera Brachycera of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 33, 1 - 95. [1900]" type="journal article" year="1901">Hutton, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(mon.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36A4BA5AF1FFF82CE875C99FD07A3C7" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BCF182EAF1FFF82CE875C99FD07A3C7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1722,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CE875C99FE92A2E6" bold="true" box="[151,288,1722,1748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">References.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF3A5C98FE55A2E7" author="Reed, E. P." box="[298,487,1723,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="271 - 316" refId="ref6199" refString="Reed, E. P. (1888) Catalogo de los insectos Dipteros de Chile. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 73, 271 - 316. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8562" type="journal article" year="1888">Reed, 1888: 301</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CC2C5C98FD4FA2E7" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[572,765,1723,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="111 - 134" refId="ref5091" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. (1889) DipteIres nouveaux ou peu connus. 34 e partie. XLII. Empidi (J. B.). Annales de la Socieitei Entomologique de France, Series 6, 9, 111 - 134." type="journal article" year="1889">Bigot, 1889: 121</bibRefCitation>
|
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(refs.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CD4C5C98FBADA2E7" author="Bezzi, M." box="[860,1055,1723,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="296 - 406" refId="ref5055" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna. Fam. Empididae. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91 (1), 296 - 406." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909: 301</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in key);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CA845C98FAE3A2E7" author="Kertesz, K." box="[1172,1361,1723,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5518" refString="Kertesz, K. (1909) Catalogus dipterorum hucusque descriptorum. Vol. VI. Empididae, Dolichopodidae, Musidoridae. Museum Nationale Hungaricum, Budapestini [Budapest], 362 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5145" type="book" year="1909">Kertész, 1909: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CE875CFCFEC2A2CB" author="Melander, A. L." box="[151,368,1759,1785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref5754" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, 185 (1927), pp. 1 - 434." type="journal article" year="1928">Melander, 1928: 12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in key), 14 (redes.), pl. 5, fig. 41;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CCE25CFCFC2BA2CB" author="Collin, J. E." box="[754,921,1759,1785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5280" refString="Collin, J. E. (1928) New Zealand Empididae based on material in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum (Natural History), London, 110 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 122473 c 0" type="book" year="1928">Collin, 1928: 2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(list), 3 (in key), 54–55 (classif., syn.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CB5F5CFCFF5DA32F" author="Collin, J. E." pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5328" refString="Collin, J. E. (1933) Part IV Empididae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. British Museum (Natural History), London, 334 pp." type="book" year="1933">Collin, 1933: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in key), 27 (com.), 28–29 (redes.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CC8F5D20FCC9A32F" author="Stuardo, C." box="[671,891,1795,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref6773" refString="Stuardo, C. (1946) Catalogo de los dipteros de Chile. Imprenta Universitaria. Santiago, 250 pp." type="book" year="1946">Stuardo, 1946: 104</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CDC25D20FBCDA32F" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[978,1151,1795,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref6650" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). 39. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, SaTo Paulo, pp. 1 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1967">Smith, 1967: 9</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CAC55D20FA2EA32F" author="Chvala, M." box="[1237,1436,1795,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 279" refId="ref5183" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General Part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála, 1983: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(classif.), 19, 21, 25, 33, 35, 47, 70, 87 (com.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CCB25D04FCD1A373" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[674,867,1831,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="382 - 392" refId="ref6709" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1989) 43. Family Empididae. In: Evenhuis, N. L. (Ed.), Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanic Regions. Bishop Museum Special Publication 86. Bishop Museum Press and E. J. Brill, Honolulu, pp. 382 - 392." type="book chapter" year="1989">Smith, 1989: 388</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.); Chvála, 1991: 13, 17 (com.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CAE95D04FF73A357" author="Sinclair, B. J." pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="665 - 752" refId="ref6306" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (1995) Generic revision of the Clinocerinae (Empididae), and description and phylogenetic relationships of the Trichopezinae, new status (Diptera: Empidoidea). The Canadian Entomologist, 127, 665 - 752. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 127665 - 5" type="journal article" year="1995">Sinclair, 1995: 720</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(tax.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF035D68FE58A357" author="Sinclair, B. J." box="[275,490,1867,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="131 - 145" refId="ref6364" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (1999) Review of the genera Dipsomyia Bezzi, Zanclotus Wilder, and an allied new Gondwanan genus (Diptera: (Empidoidea, Ragas - group). Entomological Science, 2 (1), 131 - 145." type="journal article" year="1999">Sinclair, 1999: 131</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 141 (com.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CC905D68FCEBA357" author="Sabrosky, C. W." box="[640,857,1867,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref6243" refString="Sabrosky, C. W. (1999) Family-Group names in Diptera. An annotated catalog. Myia, 10, 1 - 360." type="journal article" year="1999">Sabrosky, 1999: 24</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 159 (cat.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1FFF82CDC55D68FB9BA357" box="[981,1065,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
family group names);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CB385D68FED9A3BB" author="Sinclair, B. J. & Cumming, J. M." pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref6529" refString="Sinclair, B. J. & Cumming, J. M. (2006) The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera). Zootaxa, 1180 (1), 1 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1180.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">Sinclair & Cumming, 2006: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(com.), 9 (dist.); 22 (com.), 25, 26, 49, 61, 62, (phy.), 64 (biol.), 68 (com.), 72 (classif.), 82 (in key);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CEC85DB0FE67A39F" author="Yang, D. & Yao, G. & Zhang, K. & Zhang, J." box="[216,469,1939,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref6841" refString="Yang, D., Yao, G., Zhang, K. & Zhang, J. (2007) World Catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 704 pp." type="book" year="2007">
|
||
Yang
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1FFF82CF0A5DB0FEE9A39F" box="[282,347,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2007: 280
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CC385DB0FC5DA39F" author="Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Stuckenberg, B. R." box="[552,1007,1939,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="155 - 196" refId="ref5566" refString="Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Stuckenberg, B. R. (2009) Chapter Six. Afrotropical Diptera. In: Pape, T., Bickel, D. & Meier, R. (Eds.), Dipteran Diversity: Status, Challenges and Tools. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, pp. 155 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004148970. I- 459.31" type="book chapter" year="2009">Kirk-Spriggs & Stuckenberg, 2009: 160</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 179 (com., fig. 6.2);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CAF95DB0FF73A3E3" author="Marshall, S. A." pageId="1" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5722" refString="Marshall, S. A. (2012) Flies: the natural history and diversity of Diptera. Firefly Books Ltd., Richmond Hill, Ontario, 616 pp." type="book" year="2012">Marshall, 2012: 231</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(com.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF325D94FD16A3E3" author="Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Muller, B. S." box="[290,676,1975,2001]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="203 - 238" refId="ref5645" refString="Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Muller, B. S. (2017) 9. Biogeography of Diptera. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 1. Introductory chapters and keys to Diptera familie s. Suricata 4. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 203 - 238." type="book chapter" year="2017">Kirk-Spriggs & Muller, 2017: 207</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(com.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CD155D94FC0DA3E3" author="Sinclair, B. J." box="[773,959,1975,2001]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="1261 - 1264" refId="ref6412" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (2017 a) 55. Homalocnemidae (Homalocnemid dance flies). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 2. Nematocerous Diptera and Lower Brachycera. Suricata 5. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1261 - 1264." type="book chapter" year="2017">Sinclair (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1261 (tax.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CA455D94FF14A3C7" author="Wahlberg, E. & Johanson, K. A." pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="619 - 636" refId="ref6795" refString="Wahlberg, E. & Johanson, K. A. (2018) Molecular phylogenetics reveals novel relationships within Empidoidea (Diptera). Systematic Entomology, 43, 619 - 636. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12297" type="journal article" year="2018">Wahlberg & Johanson, 2018: 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 6 (phy.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1FFF82CF095DF8FDC3A3C7" author="Gonzalez, C. R. & Llanos, L." box="[281,625,2011,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" pagination="101 - 124" refId="ref5401" refString="Gonzalez, C. R. & Llanos, L. (2019) 5. Diipteros (Insecta: Diptera) en la Cordillera de la Costa centro-sur de Chile: una mirada a su diversidad. In: Smith-Ramiirez, C. & Squeo, F. A. (Eds.), Biodiversidad y Ecologiia de los Bosques Costeros de Chile. Editorial Universidad de Los Lagos, Los Lagos, pp. 101 - 124." type="book chapter" year="2019">González & Llanos, 2019: 121</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(list).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4BA5AF1CFF81CED75AB5FB62A5C7" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF182EAF1CFF81CED75AB5FB62A5C7" blockId="2.[151,1436,150,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1CFF81CED75AB5FEF0A482" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Medium-sized flies (wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B5CBAF1CFF81CCC55AB5FCF9A483" box="[725,843,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="6.75" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="5.0">5-8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
); darkish in colour; head large, wider than height, narrower than thorax; compound eye large, encompassing entire lateral surface of head; males and females with eyes closely approximated on frons for long distance, upper facets enlarged; ocellar triangle prominent, elevated above eyes; antenna with postpedicel elongate; stylus elongate, cylindrical, not tapered, comprised of 2 articles, bearing apical peg-like receptor; proboscis thick, tubular, projecting horizontally slightly beyond head; labrum lacking epipharyngeal blades; palpus arched, closely appressed to concave face; thorax distinctly humped; wing elongate, with costal vein circumambient; vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17F41A6BAF1CFF81CCDF5BA2FD5AA5BD" attach="left" box="[719,744,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">4+5</subScript>
|
||
branched; vein M
|
||
<subScript id="17F41A6BAF1CFF81CDAD5BA2FC77A5BD" attach="left" box="[957,965,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">1</subScript>
|
||
sinuous; cell cua longer than basal cells br and bm, with lower angle acute; mid femur swollen, raptorial with geniculate tibia; male terminalia unrotated; phallus either articulated with hypandrium, fused to apex of hypandrium, or enclosed by the hypandrium; female terminalia without acanthophorites; single spermatheca oval, darkly pigmented (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE165DFAF1CFF81CA0B5BF8FB76A5C7" author="Sinclair, B. J." box="[1051,1220,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" pagination="1261 - 1264" refId="ref6412" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (2017 a) 55. Homalocnemidae (Homalocnemid dance flies). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 2. Nematocerous Diptera and Lower Brachycera. Suricata 5. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1261 - 1264." type="book chapter" year="2017">Sinclair 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4BA5AF1CFF81CED75BDCFCCDA6B7" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF182EAF1CFF81CED75BDCFCCDA6B7" blockId="2.[151,1436,150,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1CFF81CED75BDCFE89A62B" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal details of the terminalia of the Chilean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1CFF81CDC25BDCFBC8A62B" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1865" box="[978,1146,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Homalocnemiidae" genus="Homalocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C43CAF1CFF81CDC25BDCFBC8A62B" box="[978,1146,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">Homalocnemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been previously presented and here we add figures for both sexes. The terminalia are unique on the basis of the position of the phallus in association with the hypandrium (as presented under “Discussion” below) and support the distinctiveness of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7063ADAF1CFF81CEA65848FECEA6B7" authorityName="Collin" authorityYear="1928" box="[182,380,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Homalocnemidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Homalocnemidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an independent lineage within Empidoidea
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |