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<mods:title id="E1936E68C64E98F1139F7F84C8929B05">New records of demosponges (Porifera) from the South Orkney Islands (Antarctica) with a checklist for the region</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D687FDC51D824FFF45FC1F6ECDBB90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10562220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10562220" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D687FDC51D824FFF45FC1F6ECDBB90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D687FDC51D824FFF45FC1F6ECDBB90" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF45FC1F6C69BDAC" blockId="22.[151,869,950,1012]" box="[151,869,950,977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
<heading id="D0888187C51D824FFF45FC1F6C69BDAC" bold="true" box="[151,869,950,977]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D68C51D824FFF45FC1F6C69BDAC" ID-CoL="3JC8F" authority="(Kirkpatrick, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Kirkpatrick" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[151,869,950,977]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cucurbitiformis" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B90BEAF9C51D824FFF45FC1F6C69BDAC" bold="true" box="[151,869,950,977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="B90BEAF9C51D824FFF45FC1F6E8DBDAD" bold="true" box="[151,385,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Haliclona (Gellius)</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B90BEAF9C51D824FFE7CFC1F6D65BDAD" bold="true" box="[430,617,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">cucurbitiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFDAAFC1F6C51BDAC" author="Kirkpatrick, R." box="[632,861,950,976]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref17721" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1907) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonellida of the National Antarctic Expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 20 (117), 271 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487333" type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkpatrick, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C3656560C51D824FFF45FC736ECDBB90" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF45FC736E35BD88" blockId="22.[151,869,950,1012]" box="[151,313,986,1012]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
(
<figureCitation id="13442A6EC51D824FFF4DFC736E3DBD88" box="[159,305,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[152,255,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-54@21.[151,1436,273,1746]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. af. Haliclona spongiosissima. a. general morphology, scale: 3 cm; b. oxea, scale: 55 µm, c. detail of the oscula and the screened surface in a fresh specimen, scale: 1mm, d. detail of the screened surface in a dried specimen, scale: 1mm, ef. choanosomal skeleton, detail of the spicules arrangements, scale: 200 µm; gi. H. (Gellius) rudis, g. general morphology, scale: 2 cm, h. sigma, scale: 35 µm, i. oxea, scale: 160 µm; jp. H. (G.) cf. cucurbitiformis, j. general morphology, scale: 3 cm, k. oxea, scale: 100 µm, l. sigmas, scale: 30 µm, m. macroscopic view of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 1 mm, n. macroscopic view of the surface and the ectosome, scale: 1 mm, o. microscopic view of the spicule arrangement in the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm, p. detail of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10562210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10562210/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figure 11jp</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF45FB8B6A53BA41" blockId="22.[151,1437,1058,1517]" box="[151,1375,1058,1085]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
Restricted synonymy:
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D68C51D824FFE41FB8B6C65BA41" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1907" box="[403,873,1058,1085]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Gellius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cucurbitiformis">
<emphasis id="B90BEAF9C51D824FFE41FB8B6D94BA40" box="[403,664,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Gellius cucurbitiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFD4DFB8B6C65BA41" author="Kirkpatrick, R." box="[671,873,1058,1085]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref17721" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1907) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonellida of the National Antarctic Expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 20 (117), 271 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487333" type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkpatrick, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D68C51D824FFCA6FB8B6A56BA41" authority="(Kirkpatrick, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Kirkpatrick" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[884,1370,1058,1085]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Adocia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cucurbitiformis">
<emphasis id="B90BEAF9C51D824FFCA6FB8B6B7BBA40" box="[884,1143,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Adocia cucurbitiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFB57FB8B6A5EBA41" author="Kirkpatrick, R." box="[1157,1362,1058,1085]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref17721" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1907) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonellida of the National Antarctic Expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 20 (117), 271 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487333" type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkpatrick, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF15FBEF6EA5BAF8" blockId="22.[151,1437,1058,1517]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
<materialsCitation id="3B173CB6C51D824FFF15FBEF6EA9BAF8" collectingDate="2014-02-19" collectionCode="SOI" elevation="139" latitude="-60.466667" longLatPrecision="1031" longitude="-46.483334" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="1">
Material examined:
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collected at station 1 (
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;
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B502CC51D824FFCA0FBEF6CC0BA1C" box="[882,972,1094,1120]" degrees="60" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="-60.466667">60°28'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4B502CC51D824FFC08FBEF6B32BA1C" box="[986,1086,1094,1120]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="-46.483334">46°29'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4C879B0EC51D824FFB9EFBEE6B94BA1D" box="[1100,1176,1095,1121]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="m" value="139.0">
<elevation id="0052D1D8C51D824FFB9EFBEE6B94BA1D" box="[1100,1176,1095,1121]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="m" value="139.0">139 m</elevation>
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;
<date id="FFC1102BC51D824FFB77FBEE6A16BA1D" box="[1189,1306,1095,1121]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2014-02-19">
<collectingDate id="EF85E9C3C51D824FFB77FBEE6A16BA1D" box="[1189,1306,1095,1121]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2014-02-19">19/2/2014</collectingDate>
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; MACN-In 44364; IEO-CSIC Col.)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF15FB276BDEBB68" blockId="22.[151,1437,1058,1517]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
Description: The specimen is massive, friable, beige, with an irregular surface (
<figureCitation id="13442A6EC51D824FFBA1FB276BFCBAD4" box="[1139,1264,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[152,255,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-54@21.[151,1436,273,1746]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. af. Haliclona spongiosissima. a. general morphology, scale: 3 cm; b. oxea, scale: 55 µm, c. detail of the oscula and the screened surface in a fresh specimen, scale: 1mm, d. detail of the screened surface in a dried specimen, scale: 1mm, ef. choanosomal skeleton, detail of the spicules arrangements, scale: 200 µm; gi. H. (Gellius) rudis, g. general morphology, scale: 2 cm, h. sigma, scale: 35 µm, i. oxea, scale: 160 µm; jp. H. (G.) cf. cucurbitiformis, j. general morphology, scale: 3 cm, k. oxea, scale: 100 µm, l. sigmas, scale: 30 µm, m. macroscopic view of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 1 mm, n. macroscopic view of the surface and the ectosome, scale: 1 mm, o. microscopic view of the spicule arrangement in the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm, p. detail of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10562210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10562210/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figure 11j</figureCitation>
). The skeleton consisted of axial parallel ascending fibres interconnected by secondary fibres or spicules in a subquadrangular mesh, (
<figureCitation id="13442A6EC51D824FFF3BFB7F6E82BA8D" box="[233,398,1238,1265]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[152,255,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-54@21.[151,1436,273,1746]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. af. Haliclona spongiosissima. a. general morphology, scale: 3 cm; b. oxea, scale: 55 µm, c. detail of the oscula and the screened surface in a fresh specimen, scale: 1mm, d. detail of the screened surface in a dried specimen, scale: 1mm, ef. choanosomal skeleton, detail of the spicules arrangements, scale: 200 µm; gi. H. (Gellius) rudis, g. general morphology, scale: 2 cm, h. sigma, scale: 35 µm, i. oxea, scale: 160 µm; jp. H. (G.) cf. cucurbitiformis, j. general morphology, scale: 3 cm, k. oxea, scale: 100 µm, l. sigmas, scale: 30 µm, m. macroscopic view of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 1 mm, n. macroscopic view of the surface and the ectosome, scale: 1 mm, o. microscopic view of the spicule arrangement in the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm, p. detail of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10562210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10562210/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
Figure
<quantity id="4C879B0EC51D824FFEEEFB7E6E63BA8D" box="[316,367,1239,1265]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="m" value="11.0">11m</quantity>
p
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). The ectosome is a detachable crust, evident in several parts of our specimen. Spicules are oxeas 330400 µm by 10 µm and sparse thin C-sigmata of 3040 µm by 12 µm (
<figureCitation id="13442A6EC51D824FFBE2FB536BC9BB68" box="[1072,1221,1274,1300]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[152,255,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-54@21.[151,1436,273,1746]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. af. Haliclona spongiosissima. a. general morphology, scale: 3 cm; b. oxea, scale: 55 µm, c. detail of the oscula and the screened surface in a fresh specimen, scale: 1mm, d. detail of the screened surface in a dried specimen, scale: 1mm, ef. choanosomal skeleton, detail of the spicules arrangements, scale: 200 µm; gi. H. (Gellius) rudis, g. general morphology, scale: 2 cm, h. sigma, scale: 35 µm, i. oxea, scale: 160 µm; jp. H. (G.) cf. cucurbitiformis, j. general morphology, scale: 3 cm, k. oxea, scale: 100 µm, l. sigmas, scale: 30 µm, m. macroscopic view of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 1 mm, n. macroscopic view of the surface and the ectosome, scale: 1 mm, o. microscopic view of the spicule arrangement in the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm, p. detail of the choanosomal skeleton, scale: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10562210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10562210/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figure 11kl</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC036EBC51D824FFF15FAB76ECDBB90" blockId="22.[151,1437,1058,1517]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
Remarks: This is an uncommon species, only recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFC85FAB76B20BB45" author="Kirkpatrick, R." box="[855,1068,1310,1337]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref17721" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1907) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonellida of the National Antarctic Expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 20 (117), 271 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487333" type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkpatrick (1907)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFBEAFAB66A2DBB45" author="Desqueyroux, R." box="[1080,1313,1310,1337]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="47 - 82" refId="ref16346" refString="Desqueyroux, R. (1975) Esponjas (Porifera) de la region antartica chilena. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 16 (1), 47 - 82." type="journal article" year="1975">Desqueyroux (1975)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFAFFFAB76E30BB21" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Arnaud, F." pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="9 - 24" refId="ref20289" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Arnaud, F. (1972) Invertebres marins des XIIeme et XVeme Expeditions Antarctiques francaises en Terre Adelie. 2. Demosponges. Tethys, Supplement 4, 9 - 24." type="journal article" year="1972">Vacelet &amp; Arnaud (1972)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFEA0FAEA6D1DBB21" author="Burton, M." box="[370,529,1347,1373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="237 - 392" refId="ref15825" refString="Burton, M. (1932) Sponges. Discovery Reports, 6, 237 - 392, pls. 48 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 24379" type="journal article" year="1932">Burton (1932)</bibRefCitation>
(this last publication with no description). The studied specimen presented oxeas and sigmas in a similar size range to those described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFCD2FACF6CDDBBFD" author="Kirkpatrick, R." box="[768,977,1382,1409]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref17721" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1907) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonellida of the National Antarctic Expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 20 (117), 271 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487333" type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkpatrick (1907)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFBD7FACE6BE1BBFD" author="Desqueyroux, R." box="[1029,1261,1382,1409]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="47 - 82" refId="ref16346" refString="Desqueyroux, R. (1975) Esponjas (Porifera) de la region antartica chilena. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 16 (1), 47 - 82." type="journal article" year="1975">Desqueyroux (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, but the general morphology of the specimen is massive and different from those previously described. In this sense, we prefer to keep the “cf.” (conferre). The specimens described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1AC51D824FFD2CFA076B15BBB5" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Arnaud, F." box="[766,1049,1454,1481]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="9 - 24" refId="ref20289" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Arnaud, F. (1972) Invertebres marins des XIIeme et XVeme Expeditions Antarctiques francaises en Terre Adelie. 2. Demosponges. Tethys, Supplement 4, 9 - 24." type="journal article" year="1972">Vacelet &amp; Arnaud (1972)</bibRefCitation>
presented a larger size of spicules than the present specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>