380 lines
44 KiB
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380 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="D0DC2EAF4222826FBE86E96B9D8A9B08" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5394.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438079" ID-ZooBank="6D86633F-0167-414D-B511-550BCBE578CD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1703752267404" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Turner, James & Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad" docDate="2023" docId="03D45C56143B0F41178C868AFB83A6E8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5394.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5394 (1)" docSource="https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5394.1.1/52549" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.16:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="16" docTitle="Anopheles (Cellia) stephensi Liston 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFED242E14290F52171B835CFFB2A745" masterDocTitle="An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1703753015972" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E3A0389225210C52E59EC4903A2AFD6D">
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<mods:title id="C27B3139DBCD626FD8F184C472429A48">An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B93FB1463BF337F9368E0357E144F9B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FAE5D49FF2454EF78CCC8DBC793045A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="20E5BB4E95B9F2A1565F04A5D8C687FF">Dawah, Hassan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59754DA04E0BB2DBBE12F5659F7B7ECA">Centre for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, P. O. Box 2095, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia dawaha @ hotmail. co. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5642 - 7247</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C250F51157113C5F4E5EEC982CEACE8B" type="email">dawaha@hotmail.co.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D8DF24153675B784534AF5D63EC003F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="ED8CE17385D9A74606DEF442E9C1EA09">Abdullah, Mohammed A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F7BD834F515BB8B3BC223D8C1BDA5433" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3323-3623</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B1BAF57EEFF816B97970245CB8C79DA4">Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha- 61413, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia mohd _ robiya @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3323 - 3623</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ABF3B08871ABF8DD2F5AED0306EA38B3" type="email">mohd_robiya@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="792C30519BA3C78A0D6260B87B2013A1">Ahmad, Syed Kamran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0E837568BD08DD11C721F83870747DD7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6211-2345</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AD8B7E720FE30BC985C52E39ECA08B59">Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India entosaif @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6211 - 2345</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="678F60B109DA7A8AA087F7FDFCAC753A" type="email">entosaif@rediffmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="91A2EB83B39699D309FF298E8AA4F01D">Turner, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF704AADB17A42CA16BEB42F9D1837AD">National Museum of Wales, Department of Natural Sciences, Entomology Section, Cardiff, CF 10 3 NP, UK James. Turner @ museumwales. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2411 - 7396</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F75B84970FA7346CD571C703CB4DA78D" type="email">urner@museumwales.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8179D4A0585955FA4467805C6FD699E5">Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="36207F951ABA59144A3EB7F7B24C8A11">Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran azari @ gums. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9370 - 9638 * Corresponding author: azari @ gums. ac. ir</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA856A3EBE7362574CDD8BEAB5A920A0" type="email">azari@gums.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="30EF736BEF0314E063F360F38B32342B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F9E5DA0814D94620797CB8277DA92A95">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2E1EE87957DF155116DD0ACE14BE724C">
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<mods:date id="88679E0BC15B6A5F8F35E83EA5975A7D">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6FBCA01E80162B51FFE5A4966999E67C">2023-12-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6A772D9C86F3D82A2781851B62BC232D">5394</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D45C56143B0F41178C868AFB83A6E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D45C56143B0F41178C868AFB83A6E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D45C56143B0F41178C868AFB83A6E8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB143B0F40178C868AFCB3A2B5" box="[151,769,1494,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED40143B0F40178C868AFCB3A2B5" blockId="18.[151,769,1494,1521]" box="[151,769,1494,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="D08A5A2C143B0F40178C868AFCB3A2B5" bold="true" box="[151,769,1494,1521]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40178C868AFCB3A2B5" bold="true" box="[151,769,1494,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143B0F40178C868AFD20A2B4" ID-CoL="89ZGM" authority="Liston, 1901" authorityName="Liston" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,658,1494,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephensi" subGenus="Cellia">
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40178C868AFEA4A2B4" bold="true" box="[151,278,1494,1521]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Anopheles</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40163C868AFEDDA2B4" bold="true" box="[295,367,1494,1521]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cellia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40169B868AFE42A2B4" bold="true" box="[384,496,1494,1521]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">stephensi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4016E3868BFD20A2B4" author="Liston, W. G." box="[504,658,1495,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="361 - 366" refId="ref52788" refString="Liston, W. G. (1901) A year's experience of the habits of Anopheles in Ellichpur. The description of the species of Anopheles found in Ellichipur during the year. Indian Medical Gazette, 36, 361 - 366 + 441 - 443, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1901">Liston, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1346F1C5143B0F4015BA868AFD4AA2B5" box="[673,760,1494,1520]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[352,1235,489,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-149@19.[352,1235,489,1077]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 15. Anopheles stephensi, male (Natural History Museum, London, photo by James Turner, National Museum of Wales)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10438117/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB143B0F40178C8543FE41A17C" box="[151,499,1567,1593]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED40143B0F40178C8543FE41A17C" blockId="18.[151,1437,1567,2026]" box="[151,499,1567,1593]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40178C8543FE84A17C" bold="true" box="[151,310,1567,1593]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<typeStatus id="54C653E2143B0F40178C8543FF60A17C" box="[151,210,1567,1593]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Ellichpur,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143B0F4016AA8543FE5CA17C" baseAuthorityName="Horsfall" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[433,494,1567,1593]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="India" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">India</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB143B0F4017DC851FFE41A01F" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED40143B0F4017DC851FFE41A01F" blockId="18.[151,1437,1567,2026]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4017DC851FFED3A118" bold="true" box="[199,353,1603,1629]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
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This species is found in the Afrotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4013BC851FFF60A1C4" author="Azari-Hamidian, S. & Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="106 - 122" refId="ref41690" refString="Azari-Hamidian, S., Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) A detailed review of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iran and their medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 194, 106 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2019.03.019" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Azari-Hamidian
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40127E8518FA2FA118" box="[1381,1437,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4017C5853BFE67A1C4" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A." box="[222,469,1639,1665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref62791" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
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Wilkerson
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4016428534FE20A1C4" box="[345,402,1639,1665]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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2021
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In the Middle East and North Africa, it occurs in
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F401308853BFBDDA1C4" box="[1043,1135,1639,1665]" name="Bahrain" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Bahrain</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F401361853BFB72A1C4" box="[1146,1216,1639,1665]" name="Egypt" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F4013D7853BFB4EA1C4" box="[1228,1276,1639,1665]" name="Iraq" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F40121C853BFA85A1C4" box="[1287,1335,1639,1665]" name="Iran" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Iran</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F401258853BFA2AA1C4" box="[1347,1432,1639,1665]" name="Kuwait" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F40178C85D7FF6CA1E0" box="[151,222,1675,1701]" name="Oman" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Oman</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F4017F285D7FE9BA1E0" box="[233,297,1675,1701]" name="Qatar" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Qatar</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F40162885D7FE76A1E0" box="[307,452,1675,1701]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F4016E285D7FD5EA1E0" box="[505,748,1675,1701]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4015E285D7FBA8A1E3" author="Mattingly, P. F. & Knight, K. L." box="[761,1050,1675,1702]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref53894" refString="Mattingly, P. F. & Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia. I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly & Knight 1956</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F40133E85D7FB70A1E0" author="Buttiker, W." box="[1061,1218,1675,1701]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref42954" refString="Buttiker, W. (1981) Observation on urban mosquitoes in Saudi Arabia. In: Wittmer, W. & Buttiker, W. (Eds.), Fauna of Saudia Arabia. Vol. 3. Pro Entomologia c / o Natural History Museum. Ciba Geigy Ltd, Basle, pp. 472 - 479." type="book" year="1981">Büttiker 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4013D685D7FAE1A1E0" author="Minar, J." box="[1229,1363,1675,1701]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref54983" refString="Minar, J. (1991) Family Culicidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 2. Psychodidae- Chironomidae. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest and Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 74 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 19910380404" type="book" year="1991">Minář 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F40124585D7FF60A18C" author="Glick, J. I." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="125 - 153" refId="ref47913" refString="Glick, J. I. (1992) IIustrated key to the female Anopheles of southwestern Asia and Egypt. Mosquito Systematics, 24 (2), 125 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 08989629208573811" type="journal article" year="1992">Glick 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4017C585F3FE20A18C" author="Salit, A. M. & Zakaria, M. & Balba, M. & Zaghloul, T." box="[222,402,1711,1737]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="78 - 85" refId="ref58283" refString="Salit, A. M., Zakaria, M., Balba, M. & Zaghloul, T. (1994) The mosquito fauna of Kuwait. Journal of University of Kuwait, 21, 78 - 85." type="journal article" year="1994">
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Salit
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40160385ECFEE3A18C" box="[280,337,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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2021
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</bibRefCitation>
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). This species was recorded for the first time in
|
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0143B0F4012178447FA2EA070" box="[1292,1436,1819,1845]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4017A18463FE5DA01F" author="Mattingly, P. F. & Knight, K. L." box="[186,495,1855,1882]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref53894" refString="Mattingly, P. F. & Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia. I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly & Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
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|
<subSubSection id="C367BECB143B0F4117DC843FFB83A6E8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC2ED40143B0F4117DC843FFC6BA790" blockId="18.[151,1437,1567,2026]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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|
<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4017DC843FFE89A038" bold="true" box="[199,315,1891,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|
Based on egg-float ridge number,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143B0F4015D4843FFCD5A038" box="[719,871,1891,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephensi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4015D4843FFCD5A038" box="[719,871,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">An. stephensi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has three biological forms or ecological variants which represent
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D7B26C9143B0F40164884DBFE09A0E4" box="[339,443,1927,1953]" count="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="egg">three egg</specimenCount>
|
|
phenotypes,
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40154884D4FD7CA0E4" box="[595,718,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">mysorensis</emphasis>
|
|
Sweet & Rao, typical and intermediate (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F40138584DBFA22A0E4" author="Subbarao, S. K. & Vasantha, K. & Adak, T. & Sharma, V. P. & Curtis, C. F." box="[1182,1424,1927,1953]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="265 - 271" refId="ref60376" refString="Subbarao, S. K., Vasantha, K., Adak, T., Sharma, V. P. & Curtis, C. F. (1987) Egg-float ridge number in Anopheles stephensi: ecological variation and genetic analysis. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 1 (3), 265 - 271. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2915.1987. tb 00353. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
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Subbarao
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40120984D4FAFEA0E4" box="[1298,1356,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
|
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1987
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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). There are no differences in the ITS2,
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40152784F7FDDEA080" box="[572,620,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">COI</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4015B884F7FD6FA080" box="[675,733,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">COII</emphasis>
|
|
sequences of the
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D7B26C9143B0F4014BE84F7FBBEA080" box="[933,1036,1963,1989]" count="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="egg">three egg</specimenCount>
|
|
phenotypes (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4013B984F7FA23A080" author="Chavshin, A. R. & Oshaghi, M. A. & Vatandoost, H. & Hanafi-Bojd, A. A. & Raeisi, A. & Nikpoor, F." box="[1186,1425,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="47 - 51" refId="ref43861" refString="Chavshin, A. R., Oshaghi, M. A., Vatandoost, H., Hanafi-Bojd, A. A., Raeisi, A. & Nikpoor, F. (2014) Molecular characterization, biological forms and sporozoite rate of Anopheles stephensi in southern Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4 (1), 47 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 2221 - 1691 (14) 60207 - 0" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Chavshin
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40120F84F0FAFFA080" box="[1300,1357,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F40178C8493FE00A0AF" author="Gholizadeh, S. & Firooziyan, S. & Ladonni, H. & Hajipirloo, H. M. & Djadid, N. D. & Hosseini, A. & Raz, A." box="[151,434,1999,2026]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref47653" refString="Gholizadeh, S., Firooziyan, S., Ladonni, H., Hajipirloo, H. M., Djadid, N. D., Hosseini, A. & Raz, A. (2015) The Anopheles stephensi odorant binding protein 1 (AsteObp 1) gene: A new molecular marker for biological forms diagnosis. Acta Tropica, 146, 101 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2015.03.012" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Gholizadeh
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F401639848CFEEFA0AC" box="[290,349,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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(2015)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143B0F4016F58493FCB3A0AC" author="Firooziyan, S. & Dinparast Djadid, N. & Gholizadeh, S." box="[494,769,1999,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="366" refId="ref47273" refString="Firooziyan, S., Dinparast Djadid, N. & Gholizadeh, S. (2018) Speculation on the possibility for introducing Anopheles stephensi as a species complex: preliminary evidence based on odorant binding protein 1 intron I sequence. Malaria Journal, 17, 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 018 - 2523 - y" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Firooziyan
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F40156A848CFD1FA0AC" box="[625,685,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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used the odorant binding protein 1 (
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<emphasis id="B9093152143B0F4013B58493FAAEA0AC" box="[1198,1308,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">AsteObp1</emphasis>
|
|
) gene as a molecular marker to distinguish the three phenotypes. They are natural variations (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F41134E83CBFA25A7F4" author="Azari-Hamidian, S. & Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E." box="[1109,1431,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="106 - 122" refId="ref41690" refString="Azari-Hamidian, S., Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) A detailed review of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iran and their medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 194, 106 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2019.03.019" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
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Azari-Hamidian
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F41120C83CBFAE1A7F4" box="[1303,1363,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F41178C83E7FE38A790" author="Surendran, S. N. & Kesavan, L. & Jayadas, T. T. P. & Sivabalakrishnan, K. & Tharsan, A. & Liyanagedara, N. & Eswaramohan, T. & Raveendran, S. & Singh, O. P. & Ramasamy, R." box="[151,394,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="496 - 502" refId="ref60733" refString="Surendran, S. N., Kesavan, L., Jayadas, T. T. P., Sivabalakrishnan, K., Tharsan, A., Liyanagedara, N., Eswaramohan, T., Raveendran, S., Singh, O. P. & Ramasamy, R. (2022) Morphological and odorant-binding protein 1 gene intron 1 sequence variations in Anopheles stephensi from Jaffna city in northern Sri Lanka. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 36 (4), 496 - 502. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / mve. 12595" type="journal article" year="2022">
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Surendran
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<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F41160A83E7FEF8A790" box="[273,330,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
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2022
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
) that are considered to be varinants of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F41142683E7FC60A790" box="[829,978,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephensi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F41142683E7FC60A790" box="[829,978,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">An. stephensi</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC2ED40143A0F4117DC8382FB83A6E8" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4117DC8382FE0CA7BD" bold="true" box="[199,446,222,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Medical importance.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F4116DE8383FD1AA7BC" box="[453,680,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephensi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4116DE8383FD1AA7BC" box="[453,680,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Anopheles stephensi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is known as a major malaria vector in southern Asia, Africa and the Middle East (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F411630825FFDF2A658" author="Manouchehri, A. V. & Javadian, E. & Eshghy, N. & Motabar, M." box="[299,576,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="228 - 232" refId="ref53476" refString="Manouchehri, A. V., Javadian, E., Eshghy, N. & Motabar, M. (1976) Ecology of Anopheles stephensi Liston in southern Iran. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 28 (3), 228 - 232." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
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Manouchehri
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4116D2825FFE4BA658" box="[457,505,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 1976
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F411550825FFCBFA658" author="Kyalo, D. & Amratia, P. & Mundia, C. W. & Mbogo, C. M. & Coetzee, M. & Snow, R. W." box="[587,781,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref52125" refString="Kyalo, D., Amratia, P., Mundia, C. W., Mbogo, C. M., Coetzee, M. & Snow, R. W. (2017) A geo-coded inventory of anophelines in the Afrotropical Region south of the Sahara: 1898 - 2016. Wellcome Open Research, 2, 57. https: // doi. org / 10.12688 / wellcomeopenres. 12187.1" type="journal volume" year="2017">
|
|
Kyalo
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F41158E825FFD7FA658" box="[661,717,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F411403825FFBA4A658" author="Gholizadeh, S. & Firooziyan, S. & Ladonni, H. & Hajipirloo, H. M. & Djadid, N. D. & Hosseini, A. & Raz, A." box="[792,1046,258,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref47653" refString="Gholizadeh, S., Firooziyan, S., Ladonni, H., Hajipirloo, H. M., Djadid, N. D., Hosseini, A. & Raz, A. (2015) The Anopheles stephensi odorant binding protein 1 (AsteObp 1) gene: A new molecular marker for biological forms diagnosis. Acta Tropica, 146, 101 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2015.03.012" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
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Gholizadeh
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F411484825FFC7DA658" box="[927,975,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2015
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F41133B825FFAB4A658" author="Alahmed, A. M. & Munawar, K. & Khalil, S. M. S. & Harbach, R. E." box="[1056,1286,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="356" refId="ref39036" refString="Alahmed, A. M., Munawar, K., Khalil, S. M. S. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) Assessment and an updated list of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia. Parasites & Vectors, 12, 356. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 019 - 3579 - 4" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
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Alahmed
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F411397825FFB0EA658" box="[1164,1212,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2019
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). It also plays a role in transmitting
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F411695827BFD2FA604" box="[398,669,295,321]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="falciparum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F411695827BFD2FA604" box="[398,669,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plasmodium falciparum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F4115CD827BFC9CA605" box="[726,814,295,320]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="vivax">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4115CD827BFC9CA605" box="[726,814,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. vivax</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F411425827BFBFCA604" author="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M." box="[830,1102,295,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref47827" refString="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M. (1987) Supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1987">Gillies & Coetzee 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F411340827BFAB3A604" author="Peterson, A. T." box="[1115,1281,295,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="59" refId="ref56837" refString="Peterson, A. T. (2009) Shifting suitability for malaria vectors across Africa with warming climates. BMC Infectious Diseases, 9, 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2334 - 9 - 59" type="journal article" year="2009">Peterson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Females are known to vector
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F4116438217FD5DA620" authority="(Anderson 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Anderson" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[344,751,331,357]" class="Chromadorea" family="Onchocercidae" genus="Dirofilaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="repens">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4116438217FD96A621" box="[344,548,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dirofilaria repens</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F4115288217FD55A620" author="Anderson, R. C." box="[563,743,331,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref41108" refString="Anderson, R. C. (2000) Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission. 2 nd edition. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, 650 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1079 / 9780851994215.0000" type="book" year="2000">Anderson 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Also,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3143A0F4114268217FC1CA620" box="[829,942,331,357]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="berghei">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4114268217FC1CA620" box="[829,942,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. berghei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, African horse sickness virus, chikungunya virus, Chandipura virus, Tahyna virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and an unnamed Cypovirus have been isolated from or assumed to be transmitted by this species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1143A0F41143682CFFB97A6E8" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A." box="[813,1061,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref62791" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
|
Wilkerson
|
|
<emphasis id="B9093152143A0F4114B182CFFC50A6E8" box="[938,994,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |