treatments-xml/data/03/CE/A0/03CEA053345E7863FDDAB125AFA9FC1A.xml

<document id="A566F4558CD3747A20C3AE6647CD718D" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376790" ID-ZooBank="DB29E6F1-7925-46DB-8C9E-055C639203CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1702550585073" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matson, Tanner A." docDate="2023" docId="03CEA053345E7863FDDAB125AFA9FC1A" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.911.1-79.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 911" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2371/10397" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stamnodes mariachi Matson 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFF7D82B34477841FFB7B463AC58FF82" masterDocTitle="A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1702585554707" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="95FF4936BDDF2C589E3C2CEE83C6A7D4">A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4976D8AB489F18455D7538743D141610">Matson, Tanner A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="754BD607D9A380664E93FC28F44D6306">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 – 3043, USA. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C., USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="560827F8CD01CEA5F5D2546EC3FB07B6">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FCBAEEB023A3C2EA2E94FAD89ED0EB6B">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345E7858FDDAB125AF9FFAE3" box="[621,967,1350,1377]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E7858FDDAB125AF9FFAE3" blockId="25.[364,1223,1350,1448]" box="[621,967,1350,1377]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D090A629345E7858FDDAB125AF9FFAE3" box="[621,967,1350,1377]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FDDAB125AF3DFAE3" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[621,869,1350,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FDDAB125AF3DFAE3" bold="true" box="[621,869,1350,1377]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stamnodes mariachi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FCDAB124AF9FFAE3" box="[877,967,1351,1377]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345E7858FEDBB10AAFC5FA2A" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E7858FEDBB10AA89FFA06" blockId="25.[364,1223,1350,1448]" box="[364,1223,1385,1412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
<uuid id="FFC12B90345E7858FD23B10AA89FFA06" box="[660,1223,1385,1412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">5C4231A3-88F6-4B1B-B48D-93B1E5ED6C61</uuid>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E7858FD21B1EEAFC5FA2A" blockId="25.[364,1223,1350,1448]" box="[662,925,1421,1448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FD21B1EEAEB7FA2A" box="[662,751,1421,1448]" captionStart="Figs 11–18" captionStartId="21.[189,242,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[192,1388,1004,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-170@21.[189,1398,996,1782]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 11–18. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 11. S. fergusoni Matson &amp; Wagner, 2020, holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771260). 12. S. deceptiva Barnes &amp; McDunnough, 1918 (USNMENT01771261). 13. S. fervefactaria (Grote, 1881) (USNMENT01771262). 14. S. disrupta sp. nov., holotype (BMEC). 15. S. mariachi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMEC174828). 16. S. erupta sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771245). 17. S. ceniza sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (LEP190410CNIN). 18. S. proana (Druce, 1893), holotype (NHMUK). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376794/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 15</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FD4BB1EEAF44FA2A" box="[764,796,1421,1448]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">50</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FC9FB1EEAF10FA25" box="[808,840,1421,1447]" captionStart="Figs 67–70" captionStartId="39.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[225,1309,265,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-11@39.[219,1369,265,1889]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 67–70. Female genitalia. 67. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-261, BMEC). 68. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-283, AMNH). 69. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-286, USNM 154212). 70. S. ceniza sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2020-035, CNIN). Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376825/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">68</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FCE3B1EEAF2BFA25" box="[852,883,1421,1447]" captionStart="Figs 74–81" captionStartId="45.[189,242,1792,1818]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-11@45.[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figs 74–81. Distributions of newly described Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. 74. S. aumatlapalli sp. nov. 75. S. clara sp. nov. 76. S. carota sp. nov. 77. S. favilla sp. nov. 78. S. fuego sp. nov. 79. S. matrona sp. nov. 80. S. disrupta sp. nov. 81. S. mariachi sp. nov. Single dots may represent&gt;1 individual. Scale bars = 400 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376829/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">81</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FC37B1EEAFC5FA2A" box="[896,925,1421,1448]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">95</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345E785BFF0AB1ADAE56FEC4" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E7858FF0AB1ADAD6EFA6A" blockId="25.[189,310,1486,1512]" box="[189,310,1486,1512]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D090A629345E7858FF0AB1ADAD6EFA6A" bold="true" box="[189,310,1486,1512]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FF0AB1ADAD6EFA6A" bold="true" box="[189,310,1486,1512]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E7858FF0AB19EAE8BF968" blockId="25.[189,1401,1533,1771]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FF0AB19EADF7F995" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,431,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FF0AB19EADF7F995" box="[189,431,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stamnodes mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FE0FB19EAE4CF995" box="[440,532,1533,1559]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
may be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FC9EB19EAFF2F995" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[809,938,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disrupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FC9EB19EAFF2F995" box="[809,938,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. disrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FC04B19EA849F995" box="[947,1041,1533,1559]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FBAAB19EA88CF995" baseAuthorityName="Grote" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1053,1236,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervefactaria">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FBAAB19EA88CF995" box="[1053,1236,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fervefactaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FB54B19EA937F995" authorityName="Matson &amp; Wagner" authorityYear="2020" box="[1251,1391,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fergusoni">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FB54B19EA937F995" box="[1251,1391,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fergusoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FF58B243AD02F9B8" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[239,346,1568,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FF58B243AD02F9B8" box="[239,346,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. erupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FED5B242ADE5F9B9" box="[354,445,1569,1595]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The bright, white reticulate pattern of the underside of the hindwing and apex of the forewing stand in contrast to the more off-white to cream colour of the same areas in 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FB0DB227A936F9DF" baseAuthorityName="Grote" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1210,1390,1603,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervefactaria">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FB0DB227A936F9DF" box="[1210,1390,1603,1630]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fervefactaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FF0AB205ADF7F902" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,431,1638,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FF0AB205ADF7F902" box="[189,431,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stamnodes mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from all aforementioned species by the absence of a checkered forewing fringe and absence of an oblique white patch in the apical area of the forewing underside. Additionally, the black apical area of the forewing that broadly extends all the way down the outer margin to the tornus appears to be diagnostic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345E785BFF0AB372AE56FEC4" blockId="25.[188,1398,1809,1977]" lastBlockId="26.[188,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Male genitalia readily separate 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FD90B371AEF5F8A9" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[551,685,1809,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FD90B371AEF5F8A9" box="[551,685,1809,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FD04B371AF55F8AE" box="[691,781,1810,1836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FCACB372AF28F8AE" box="[795,880,1809,1836]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
) from 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FC0AB371A810F8AE" authorityName="Matson &amp; Wagner" authorityYear="2020" box="[957,1096,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fergusoni">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FC0AB371A810F8AE" box="[957,1096,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fergusoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB4345E7858FBE2B371A929F8AE" author="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L." box="[1109,1393,1810,1836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref40081" refString="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L. 2020. A new Stamnodes from the southwestern United States (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae). ZooKeys 923: 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 923.48290" type="journal article" year="2020">Matson &amp; Wagner 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 7). 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FEA3B356AE51F8CD" authorityName="Matson &amp; Wagner" authorityYear="2020" box="[276,521,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fergusoni">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FEA3B356AE51F8CD" box="[276,521,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stamnodes fergusoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a juxta that bears posterolateral conical processes and its vesica has a large echinate patch of cornuti; these characters are absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FC22B33BA844F8F0" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[917,1052,1880,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FC22B33BA844F8F0" box="[917,1052,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FF6AB318AD3CF817" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[221,356,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FF6AB318AD3CF817" box="[221,356,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FEC4B318ADAAF817" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[371,498,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disrupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FEC4B318ADAAF817" box="[371,498,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. disrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FE4EB31FAE0CF814" box="[505,596,1916,1942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FDD5B318AF4EF817" baseAuthorityName="Grote" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[610,790,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervefactaria">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FDD5B318AF4EF817" box="[610,790,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fervefactaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FCE0B318AF99F817" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[855,961,1915,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FCE0B318AF3EF817" box="[855,870,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FCC3B31FAF99F817" box="[884,961,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">erupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345E7858FC7FB31FA87BF814" box="[968,1059,1916,1942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are exceedingly similar with only subtle differences. While the uncus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FD01B3FCAF6DF83A" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[694,821,1950,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disrupta">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FD01B3FCAE9DF83B" box="[694,709,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FD64B3FDAF6DF83A" box="[723,821,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">disrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345E7858FCF3B3FDAFFEF83A" box="[836,934,1950,1976]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 49a</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345E7858FC52B3FCA8C2F83A" baseAuthorityName="Grote" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[997,1178,1950,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervefactaria">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345E7858FC52B3FCA8C2F83A" box="[997,1178,1950,1977]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. fervefactaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is broadly swollen medially, that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345D785BFE36B56AAE50FEA1" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[385,520,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFE36B56AAE50FEA1" box="[385,520,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">S. mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345D785BFDAFB56AAE21FEA6" box="[536,633,265,292]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 50a</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345D785BFD0EB56AAF7BFEA1" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[697,803,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erupta">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFD0EB56AAF7BFEA1" box="[697,803,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">S. erupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345D785BFC85B56AAFCCFEA6" box="[818,916,265,292]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 51a</figureCitation>
) tapers slightly along its length and lacks an apparent medial swelling.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345D785BFF0AB50DA8F8FE5B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB50DAD1CFE0A" blockId="26.[189,324,366,392]" box="[189,324,366,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D090A629345D785BFF0AB50DAD1CFE0A" bold="true" box="[189,324,366,392]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF0AB50DAD1CFE0A" bold="true" box="[189,324,366,392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB5FFA8F8FE5B" blockId="26.[189,1398,412,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
The species name 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345D785BFE29B5FFAE50FE34" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[414,520,412,438]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFE29B5FFAE50FE34" box="[414,520,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the style of traditional Mexican music that has its roots in rural Western 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA7345D785BFE91B5DCADD8FE5B" box="[294,384,447,473]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mexico</collectingRegion>
where this species may be found. The name is a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345D785BFF0AB663AE8AFC03" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB663ADF2FD98" blockId="26.[189,426,512,538]" box="[189,426,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D090A629345D785BFF0AB663ADF2FD98" bold="true" box="[189,426,512,538]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF0AB663ADF2FD98" bold="true" box="[189,426,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B18345D785BFF5DB64CAE99FD12" collectingDate="1986-08-10" collectingMethod="black light trap" collectionCode="EMEC" collectorName="J. Brown" country="Mexico" elevation="2438" latitude="23.73" location="El Salto" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="-105.35" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="EMEC174828" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Durango" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF5DB64CAD04FDCB" blockId="26.[189,1398,559,656]" box="[234,348,559,585]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF5DB64CAD04FDCB" bold="true" box="[234,348,559,585]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="54DCAFE7345D785BFF5DB64CAD04FDCB" box="[234,348,559,585]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB630AE99FD12" blockId="26.[189,1398,559,656]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F37051D5345D785BFF0AB630AD69FDEF" box="[189,305,595,621]" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFEF9B630AD3DFDEF" box="[334,357,595,621]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA7345D785BFEC1B630ADB8FDEF" box="[374,480,595,621]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Durango</collectingRegion>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A6A0867345D785BFE5AB630AE1DFDEF" box="[493,581,594,621]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345D785BFE5AB630AE74FDEE" box="[493,556,594,621]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi.</quantity>
S
</locationDeviation>
of 
<location id="8EB8479E345D785BFDC6B631AE8DFDEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEA053345E7863FDDAB125AFA9FC1A:8EB8479E345D785BFDC6B631AE8DFDEE" box="[625,725,594,620]" country="Mexico" latitude="23.73" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="-105.35" name="El Salto" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Durango">El Salto</location>
; [
<geoCoordinate id="EE537782345D785BFD5DB630AF04FDEF" box="[746,860,595,621]" degrees="23.73" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="555" value="23.73">23.73° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE537782345D785BFCDDB631AFA9FDEF" box="[874,1009,594,621]" degrees="105.35" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="555" value="-105.35">105.35° W</geoCoordinate>
]; elev. 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345D785BFBF0B630A8F8FDEE" box="[1095,1184,594,621]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="8000.0">
<elevation id="004AF676345D785BFBF0B630A8F8FDEE" box="[1095,1184,594,621]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="8000.0">8000 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="FFD93785345D785BFB18B630A90DFDEE" box="[1199,1365,594,621]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1986-08-10">
<collectingDate id="EF9DCE6D345D785BFB18B630A90DFDEE" box="[1199,1365,594,621]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1986-08-10">10 Aug. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26927493345D785BFAD3B630AD55FD12" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">J. Brown</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectingMethod id="52266952345D785BFEF8B615AE5CFD12" box="[335,516,630,656]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">black light trap</collectingMethod>
; 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFDA7B615AEE5FD12" box="[528,701,630,656]" collectionCode="EMEC" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" name="Essig Museum of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="University or college">EMEC174828</specimenCode>
.
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B18345D785BFF5DB6D4AD42FC95" collectingDate="1986-08-10" collectingDateMax="1972-08-12" collectingDateMin="1972-08-08" collectionCode="CNIN" collectorName="J. Brown" country="Mexico" elevation="2438" latitude="23.73" location="Durango" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="-105.35" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="TAM-2023-282" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Durango" typeStatus="paratype">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF5DB6D4AE58FD53" blockId="26.[189,1399,695,898]" box="[234,512,695,722]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF5DB6D4AD3FFD53" bold="true" box="[234,359,695,721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="54DCAFE7345D785BFF5DB6D4AD3FFD53" box="[234,359,695,721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFECEB6D4ADE3FD50" box="[377,443,695,722]" count="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFE7DB6D4ADAEFD50" box="[458,502,695,722]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB6B9AE8AFC03" blockId="26.[189,1399,695,898]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F37051D5345D785BFF0AB6B9AD69FD76" box="[189,305,730,756]" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFEE6B6B9AD98FD76" bold="true" box="[337,448,730,756]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA7345D785BFEE6B6B9AD98FD76" box="[337,448,730,756]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Durango</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFE6EB6B9AE51FD77" box="[473,521,730,757]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype; genitalia: 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFBF0B6B9A95CFD76" box="[1095,1284,730,756]" collectionCode="TAM-" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">TAM-2023-282</specimenCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED768980345D785BFAA7B6B9A904FD76" box="[1296,1372,730,756]" collectionName="Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad Universaria, Coleccion Nacional de Insectos" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">CNIN</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF0AB69EAD42FC95" bold="true" box="[189,282,765,791]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA7345D785BFF0AB69EAD42FC95" box="[189,282,765,791]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B18345D785BFE85B69DAEF3FCB9" collectingDate="1972-08-08" collectingDateMax="1972-08-12" collectingDateMin="1972-08-08" collectionCode="EMEC" collectorName="J. Powell &amp; D. Veirs &amp; C. D. MacNeill" country="Mexico" elevation="1951" location="8 mi. W of El Palmito" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="EMEC1748429" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFE85B69DAD38FC9A" box="[306,352,766,792]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8EB8479E345D785BFEDBB69DAE37FC95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEA053345E7863FDDAB125AFA9FC1A:8EB8479E345D785BFEDBB69DAE37FC95" box="[364,623,765,792]" country="Mexico" name="8 mi. W of El Palmito" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Sinaloa">
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345D785BFEDBB69DADF0FC95" box="[364,424,765,792]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi.</quantity>
W of El Palmito
</location>
; elev. 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345D785BFD00B69EAF56FC95" box="[695,782,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95072" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6400.0">
<elevation id="004AF676345D785BFD00B69EAF56FC95" box="[695,782,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95072" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6400.0">6400 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="FFD93785345D785BFCAEB69DAF80FC9A" box="[793,984,766,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-08-08" valueMax="1972-08-12" valueMin="1972-08-08">
<collectingDate id="EF9DCE6D345D785BFCAEB69DAF80FC9A" box="[793,984,766,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-08-08" valueMax="1972-08-12" valueMin="1972-08-08">8–12 Aug. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26927493345D785BFC54B69DA809FC95" box="[995,1105,765,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">J. Powell</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26927493345D785BFBEBB69DA8E6FC95" box="[1116,1214,765,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">D. Veirs</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26927493345D785BFB7EB69DA92FFC95" box="[1225,1399,765,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C.D. MacNeill</collectorName>
leg.; black &amp; white lights; 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFE45B742AEF3FCB9" box="[498,683,801,827]" collectionCode="EMEC" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" name="Essig Museum of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="University or college">EMEC1748429</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B18345D785BFD75B742AE09FCDD" collectingDate="1972-08-08" collectingDateMax="1972-08-12" collectingDateMin="1972-08-08" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="J. Powell &amp; D. Veirs &amp; C. D. MacNeill" country="Mexico" elevation="1951" location="8 mi. W of El Palmito" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="TAM-2023-283, IZC 00353020" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFD75B742AEB6FCB9" box="[706,750,801,827]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; genitalia: 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFA99B742AD69FCDC" collectionCode="TAM-" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">TAM-2023-283</specimenCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED768980345D785BFE8BB727ADCEFCDC" box="[316,406,836,862]" collectionName="USA, New York, New York, American Museum of Natural History" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">AMNH</collectionCode>
_ 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFE12B727AE09FCDD" box="[421,593,836,863]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">IZC 00353020</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B18345D785BFDDAB727AE97FC03" collectingDate="1972-08-08" collectingDateMax="1972-08-12" collectingDateMin="1972-08-08" collectionCode="TAM, USNM" collectorName="J. Powell &amp; D. Veirs &amp; C. D. MacNeill" country="Mexico" elevation="1951" location="8 mi. W of El Palmito" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="TAM-2023- 285, USNM 154213, USNMENT01771227" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC345D785BFDDAB727AEC5FCDD" box="[621,669,836,863]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; genitalia: 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFB5EB727ACB1FC00" collectionCode="TAM-" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">TAM-2023- 285</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFF4FB704ADEBFC00" box="[248,435,871,898]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Museum">USNM 154213</specimenCode>
); 
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E345D785BFE70B704AE97FC03" box="[455,719,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">USNMENT01771227</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE345D785CFF0AB7CBA8AAFDD7" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB7CBAD16FC40" blockId="26.[189,334,936,962]" box="[189,334,936,962]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D090A629345D785BFF0AB7CBAD16FC40" bold="true" box="[189,334,936,962]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF0AB7CBAD16FC40" bold="true" box="[189,334,936,962]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF5DB7B4AD72FC73" blockId="26.[189,586,983,1045]" box="[234,298,983,1009]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345D785BFF5DB7B4AD72FC73" bold="true" box="[234,298,983,1009]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB798AE12FB96" blockId="26.[189,586,983,1045]" box="[189,586,1018,1045]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB798AD77FB91" baselines="1038,1038" box="[189,303,1019,1045]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFE80B063ADD2FB91" baselines="1038" box="[311,394,1024,1043]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="length" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">LENGTH</smallCapsWord>
. 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345D785BFE2EB799ADB3FB97" box="[409,491,1018,1045]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
(n = 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB05FAF8AFB1E" blockId="26.[189,1399,1084,1181]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB05FACA4FBD6" baselines="1103,1103" box="[189,252,1084,1110]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
. Antenna filiform, fuscous to black. Vertex scarlet and fuscous; frons mostly fuscous, with a few midsaggital white scales and white along lateral margins. Labial palpus short, slightly porrect, subequal to diameter of eye, mostly fuscous. Cephalic collar mostly fuscous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB0A7A8D6FA83" blockId="26.[189,1398,1220,1281]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB0A7AD41FB5E" baselines="1239,1239" box="[189,281,1220,1246]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Thorax" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">THORAX</smallCapsWord>
. Patagium mixture of scarlet and fuscous; tegula mostly fuscous. Mesothorax fuscous. Legs mixture of white and fuscous; tibial spur formula 0–2–4; epiphysis well developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB14AAD47FA4D" blockId="26.[189,1401,1320,1487]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB14AAD77FAC3" baselines="1340,1340" box="[189,303,1321,1347]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
. Faintly scarlet near base, diffusing to light orange-yellow ground colour. Costa with basal lead-black patch and much larger, trigonate, costomedial, lead-black patch. Apical area and broadly along outer margin lead-black. Underside similar to upperside, but scarlet base more apparent in costal area, and costal area given toward white between lead-black costomedial patch and apical area. Fringe fuscous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB194AF1EF942" blockId="26.[187,1400,1526,1729]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB194AD77F98D" baselines="1546,1546" box="[189,303,1527,1553]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hindwing" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">HINDWING</smallCapsWord>
. Concolourous with forewing above, but ground colour mostly reduced to medial, longitudinal ray and branches between large, ill-defined, lead-black coloured patches (
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345D785BFB95B279A8D1F9B6" box="[1058,1161,1561,1588]" captionStart="Figs 11–18" captionStartId="21.[189,242,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[192,1388,1004,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-170@21.[189,1398,996,1782]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 11–18. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 11. S. fergusoni Matson &amp; Wagner, 2020, holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771260). 12. S. deceptiva Barnes &amp; McDunnough, 1918 (USNMENT01771261). 13. S. fervefactaria (Grote, 1881) (USNMENT01771262). 14. S. disrupta sp. nov., holotype (BMEC). 15. S. mariachi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMEC174828). 16. S. erupta sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771245). 17. S. ceniza sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (LEP190410CNIN). 18. S. proana (Druce, 1893), holotype (NHMUK). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 15a</figureCitation>
). Underside sharing similar pattern elements, but much more starkly contrasted with white rays between large, lead-black coloured patches; patches along costal antemedian and postmedian, thinly along outer margin, along basal half of inner margin, and at tornus (
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345D785BFD11B2E0AF55F91C" box="[678,781,1667,1694]" captionStart="Figs 11–18" captionStartId="21.[189,242,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[192,1388,1004,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-170@21.[189,1398,996,1782]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 11–18. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 11. S. fergusoni Matson &amp; Wagner, 2020, holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771260). 12. S. deceptiva Barnes &amp; McDunnough, 1918 (USNMENT01771261). 13. S. fervefactaria (Grote, 1881) (USNMENT01771262). 14. S. disrupta sp. nov., holotype (BMEC). 15. S. mariachi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMEC174828). 16. S. erupta sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (USNMENT01771245). 17. S. ceniza sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (LEP190410CNIN). 18. S. proana (Druce, 1893), holotype (NHMUK). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 15b</figureCitation>
). Basal area along costa and inner margin also more broadly highlighted with scarlet. Fringe as in forewing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB28BADFBF880" blockId="26.[189,419,1768,1794]" box="[189,419,1768,1794]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB28BAD74F882" baselines="1787,1787" box="[189,300,1768,1794]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Abdomen" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ABDOMEN</smallCapsWord>
. Fuscous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345D785BFF0AB34AAE67F82F" blockId="26.[189,1400,1833,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345D785BFF0AB34AAD69F8C0" baselines="1852,1853" box="[189,305,1833,1859]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Genitalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345D785BFEF3B34AADC5F8C6" box="[324,413,1833,1860]" captionStart="Figs 49–51" captionStartId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-15@30.[220,1367,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figs 49–51. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 49. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 50. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 51. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
). Uncus long, narrow, and tapering. Subscaphium well developed. Inner surface of valve with dense hair tuft arising from basal tubercle. Juxta shield-like, void of stiff setae or posterior processes. Vesica without large cornuti, but with extremely small rugose papillae at base of vesica and along ovoid lateral diverticulum.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1841CD345C785AFF0AB3EBA812F86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376800/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[230,1296,281,1864]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345C785AFF0AB3EBA812F86B" blockId="27.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFF0AB3EBAD14F820" bold="true" box="[189,332,1928,1954]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 41–43.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFC0CB3EBAF8EF820" bold="true" box="[955,982,1928,1954]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">41</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345C785AFC50B3EBA8C4F820" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[999,1180,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aumatlapalli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFC50B3EBA8C4F820" box="[999,1180,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. aumatlapalli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345C785AFB12B3EBA95CF820" box="[1189,1284,1928,1954]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2021-063, CNIN). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFDB3B3C8AE79F847" bold="true" box="[516,545,1963,1989]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">42</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345C785AFD8CB3C8AFEFF847" authority="(Schaus, 1927)" baseAuthorityName="Schaus" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[571,951,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cannonaria">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFD8CB3C8AEB2F847" box="[571,746,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. cannonaria</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB4345C785AFCB2B3C8AFF7F847" author="Schaus W." box="[773,943,1963,1989]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="101 - 111" refId="ref41303" refString="Schaus W. 1927. New species of Heterocera (Lepidoptera) from Central and South America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 29 (5): 101 - 111. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16195936 [accessed 13 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1927">Schaus, 1927</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(TAM-2022-104, USNM 154246). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFF0AB3ADAC82F86A" bold="true" box="[189,218,1998,2024]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">43</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345C785AFF5EB3ACAE62F86A" authority="(Dyar, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Dyar" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[233,570,1998,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penguinifera">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345C785AFF5EB3ACADC4F86A" box="[233,412,1998,2025]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. penguinifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB4345C785AFE1BB3ADAE69F86A" author="Dyar H. G." box="[428,561,1998,2024]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="229 - 273" refId="ref38875" refString="Dyar H. G. 1910. Descriptions of some new species and genera of Lepidoptera from Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 38: 229 - 273. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.38 - 1742.229" type="journal article" year="1910">Dyar, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(TAM-2020-044, CNIN). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1841CD345B785DFF0AB3EBAFC3F86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376805/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[240,1293,265,1864]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345B785DFF0AB3EBAFC3F86B" blockId="28.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFF0AB3EBAD14F820" bold="true" box="[189,332,1928,1954]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 44–46.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFC0FB3EBAF8CF820" bold="true" box="[952,980,1928,1954]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">44</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345B785DFC53B3EBA818F820" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[996,1088,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFC53B3EBA818F820" box="[996,1088,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. clara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345B785DFBFEB3EBA8F0F820" box="[1097,1192,1928,1954]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (TAM- 2022-130, AMNH). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFE03B3C8AD88F847" bold="true" box="[436,464,1963,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">45</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345B785DFE56B3C8AE16F847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[481,590,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFE56B3C8AE16F847" box="[481,590,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. carota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345B785DFDE0B3CFAEEFF844" box="[599,695,1964,1990]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2023-262, USNM 154208). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFB6BB3C8A8A1F847" bold="true" box="[1244,1273,1963,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">46</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345B785DFABCB3C8A92EF847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1291,1398,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="favilla" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345B785DFABCB3C8A92EF847" box="[1291,1398,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. favilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345B785DFF0AB3ACAD42F86B" box="[189,282,1999,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2020-042, CNIN). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345A785CFF5DB56AAD1DFEA1" blockId="29.[189,645,265,326]" box="[234,325,265,291]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFF5DB56AAD1DFEA1" bold="true" box="[234,325,265,291]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345A785CFF0AB54FAEDDFEC4" blockId="29.[189,645,265,326]" box="[189,645,300,326]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Outwardly undifferentiated from male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345A785CFF0AB50DAE2DFE05" blockId="29.[189,629,365,392]" box="[189,629,365,392]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345A785CFF0AB50DAD77FE04" baselines="385,385" box="[189,303,366,392]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345A785CFE80B510ADD2FE04" baselines="385" box="[311,394,371,390]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="length" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">LENGTH</smallCapsWord>
. 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA0345A785CFE2EB50EAE4FFE0A" box="[409,535,365,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="16.0">16–17 mm</quantity>
(n = 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD81145345A785CFF0AB5CCA8AAFDD7" blockId="29.[189,1399,430,598]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E8799345A785CFF0AB5CCAD69FE45" baselines="450,450" box="[189,305,431,457]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Genitalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC0345A785CFEF4B5CDADC2FE4A" box="[323,410,430,457]" captionStart="Figs 67–70" captionStartId="39.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[225,1309,265,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-11@39.[219,1369,265,1889]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 67–70. Female genitalia. 67. S. disrupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-261, BMEC). 68. S. mariachi sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-283, AMNH). 69. S. erupta sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2023-286, USNM 154212). 70. S. ceniza sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2020-035, CNIN). Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376825/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
). Anterior apophysis two-thirds length of posterior apophysis. Ostium large, lamella antevaginalis subcircular. Short and narrow ductus bursae with prominent anterior sclerite flattened on ventral surface and dorsolaterally rolled toward median. Corpus bursae spherical, bearing two signa; tiny signum situated near posterior base of corpus bursae (near ductus bursae) and second signum, situated at anterior third, with inward directed process and rugose areole of minute papillae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1841CD345A785CFF0AB3E5AD15F865" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376807/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[189,242,1926,1952]" targetBox="[189,1379,690,1884]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BD81145345A785CFF0AB3E5AD15F865" blockId="29.[189,1399,1926,2023]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFF0AB3E5AD14F822" bold="true" box="[189,332,1926,1952]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 47–48.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFC00B3E5AF8BF822" bold="true" box="[951,979,1926,1952]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">47</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345A785CFC54B3E5A81AF822" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[995,1090,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuego" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFC54B3E5A81AF822" box="[995,1090,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. fuego</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345A785CFBFCB3E4A8F1F823" box="[1099,1193,1927,1953]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM- 2020-027, USNM 154202). 
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFDBCB3CAAE70F841" bold="true" box="[523,552,1961,1987]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">48</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC6345A785CFD80B3C9AEEFF841" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[567,695,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matrona" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD57345A785CFD80B3C9AEEFF841" box="[567,695,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. matrona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C345A785CFD77B3C9AF45F846" box="[704,797,1962,1988]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2023-280, USNM 154215). Scale bar = 1 mm,
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1841CD3459785FFF0AB3EBA8FCF86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376811/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[240,1289,272,1860]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8BD811453459785FFF0AB3EBA8FCF86B" blockId="30.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFF0AB3EBAD11F820" bold="true" box="[189,329,1928,1954]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 49–51.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFC17B3EBAFE5F820" bold="true" box="[928,957,1928,1954]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">49</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63459785FFC7BB3EBA813F820" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[972,1099,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disrupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFC7BB3EBA813F820" box="[972,1099,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. disrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3459785FFBE6B3EBA8F5F820" box="[1105,1197,1928,1954]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM- 2023-260, USNM 154211). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFDACB3C8AE60F847" bold="true" box="[539,568,1963,1989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">50</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63459785FFDF9B3C8AE84F847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[590,732,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFDF9B3C8AE84F847" box="[590,732,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3459785FFD5DB3CFAF15F844" box="[746,845,1964,1990]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2023-285, USNM 154213). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFF0AB3ADAC82F86A" bold="true" box="[189,218,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63459785FFF5EB3ACAD0BF86A" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[233,339,1999,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erupta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573459785FFF5EB3ACAD0BF86A" box="[233,339,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. erupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3459785FFEEDB3ACADEFF86B" box="[346,439,1999,2025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2023-257, USNM 154210). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1841CD3458785EFF0AB3EBA85FF86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8BD811453458785EFF0AB3EBA85FF86B" blockId="31.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFF0AB3EBAD13F820" bold="true" box="[189,331,1928,1954]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 52–54.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFC1BB3EBAF91F820" bold="true" box="[940,969,1928,1954]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">52</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63458785EFC60B3EBA81FF820" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[983,1095,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saltillo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFC60B3EBA81FF820" box="[983,1095,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. saltillo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3458785EFBF9B3EBA8F3F820" box="[1102,1195,1928,1954]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFE15B3C8ADE5F847" bold="true" box="[418,445,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">53</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63458785EFE79B3C8AE09F847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[462,593,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFE79B3C8AE09F847" box="[462,593,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. catarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3458785EFDECB3CFAEE2F844" box="[603,698,1964,1990]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFB6BB3C8A8AFF847" bold="true" box="[1244,1271,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">54</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC63458785EFABFB3C8A92FF847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1288,1399,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD573458785EFABFB3C8A92FF847" box="[1288,1399,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. churro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C3458785EFF0AB3ACAD42F86B" box="[189,282,1999,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1841CD34677861FF0AB3EBAFF5F86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376817/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[221,1302,265,1856]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534677861FF0AB3EBAFF5F86B" blockId="32.[189,1400,1928,2025]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FF0AB3EBAD14F820" bold="true" box="[189,332,1928,1954]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 55–57.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FC0DB3EBAF8EF820" bold="true" box="[954,982,1928,1954]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">55</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634677861FC51B3EBA944F820" authority="(Druce, 1893)" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[998,1308,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FC51B3EBA834F820" box="[998,1132,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. patamon</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434677861FBC8B3EBA94CF820" author="Druce H." box="[1151,1300,1928,1954]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="9 - 184" refId="ref38763" refString="Druce H. 1893. Fam. Geometridae. In: Godman F. D. C. &amp; Salvin O. (eds) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Heterocera, Vol. 2: 9 - 184. Dulau &amp; Co., London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 730" type="journal article" year="1893">Druce, 1893</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(TAM- 2022-139, CNIN). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FE1FB3C8AD9DF847" bold="true" box="[424,453,1963,1989]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">56</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634677861FE6DB3C8AED3F847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[474,651,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferropulvisa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FE6DB3C8AED3F847" box="[474,651,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. ferropulvisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34677861FD2FB3CFAEA3F844" box="[664,763,1964,1990]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (TAM-2023-219, CNIN). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FB0BB3C8A881F847" bold="true" box="[1212,1241,1963,1989]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">57</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634677861FB59B3C8A92FF847" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1262,1399,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734677861FB59B3C8A92FF847" box="[1262,1399,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. calcarea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34677861FF0AB3ACAD42F86B" box="[189,282,1999,2025]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (TAM-2023-194, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1841CD34667860FF0AB3EBAE8DF86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376819/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[189,242,1928,1954]" targetBox="[233,1322,277,1867]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534667860FF0AB3EBAE8DF86B" blockId="33.[188,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FF0AB3EBAD10F820" bold="true" box="[189,328,1928,1954]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 58–60.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FC23B3EBAFE9F820" bold="true" box="[916,945,1928,1954]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">58</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634667860FC08B3EBA816F820" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[959,1102,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FC08B3EBA816F820" box="[959,1102,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. tenebrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34667860FBE4B3EBA8F6F820" box="[1107,1198,1928,1954]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (TAM- 2021-097, AMNH). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FE1FB3C8AD9DF847" bold="true" box="[424,453,1963,1989]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">59</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634667860FE61B3C8AEB1F847" authority="Cassino, 1920" authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1920" box="[470,745,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apollo">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FE61B3C8AE65F847" box="[470,573,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. apollo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434667860FDF3B3C8AEB1F847" author="Cassino S. E." box="[580,745,1963,1989]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="115 - 117" refId="ref38711" refString="Cassino S. E. 1920. A new Stamnodes and Marmopteryx. The Lepidopterist 3 (3): 115 - 117." type="journal article" year="1920">Cassino, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(TAM-2020-046, CNIN). 
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FBA9B3C8A863F847" bold="true" box="[1054,1083,1963,1989]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">60</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634667860FBFDB3C8A92DF847" authority="(Dyar, 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Dyar" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1098,1397,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agapetica">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734667860FBFDB3C8A883F847" box="[1098,1243,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. agapetica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434667860FB5FB3C8A935F847" author="Dyar H. G." box="[1256,1389,1963,1989]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref38921" refString="Dyar H. G. 1916. Descriptions of new Lepidoptera from Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 51: 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2139" type="journal article" year="1916">Dyar, 1916</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(TAM-2023-205, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34657863FF0AB56AAE8FFEF7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB56AAD9CFEA1" blockId="34.[189,452,265,291]" box="[189,452,265,291]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FF0AB56AAD0EFEA1" bold="true" box="[189,342,265,291]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034657863FED1B56AADE3FEA1" box="[358,443,265,291]" captionStart="Figs 74–81" captionStartId="45.[189,242,1792,1818]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-11@45.[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figs 74–81. Distributions of newly described Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. 74. S. aumatlapalli sp. nov. 75. S. clara sp. nov. 76. S. carota sp. nov. 77. S. favilla sp. nov. 78. S. fuego sp. nov. 79. S. matrona sp. nov. 80. S. disrupta sp. nov. 81. S. mariachi sp. nov. Single dots may represent&gt;1 individual. Scale bars = 400 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376829/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB554AE8FFEF7" blockId="34.[189,1398,311,373]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534657863FF0AB554AD43FED3" box="[189,283,311,337]" name="Mexico" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634657863FE9FB554AE42FED3" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[296,538,311,337]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FE9FB554AE42FED3" box="[296,538,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stamnodes mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34657863FD95B55BAE27FED0" box="[546,639,312,338]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known from the Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests of 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734657863FF08B538AD7EFEF7" box="[191,294,347,373]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Durango</collectingRegion>
and possibly 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734657863FE70B538AE47FEF7" box="[455,543,347,373]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
(see Remarks).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34657863FF0AB5FFAD9DFD8A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB5FFAD44FE34" blockId="34.[189,284,412,438]" box="[189,284,412,438]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D090A62934657863FF0AB5FFAD44FE34" bold="true" box="[189,284,412,438]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FF0AB5FFAD44FE34" bold="true" box="[189,284,412,438]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB5A8AD9DFD8A" blockId="34.[189,1398,459,520]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634657863FF0AB5A8ADF4FE67" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,428,459,485]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariachi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FF0AB5A8ADF4FE67" box="[189,428,459,485]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stamnodes mariachi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34657863FE05B5A8AE53FE67" box="[434,523,459,485]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
flies in August. The immature stages remain unknown but are likely hosted by mints (
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634657863FE85B58DADE0FD8A" box="[306,440,494,520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34657863FF0AB64CAE29FDFA" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB64CAE49FDCB" blockId="34.[189,529,559,585]" box="[189,529,559,585]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D090A62934657863FF0AB64CAE49FDCB" bold="true" box="[189,529,559,585]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FF0AB64CAE49FDCB" bold="true" box="[189,529,559,585]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Molecular characterization</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB63DAE29FDFA" blockId="34.[189,625,606,632]" box="[189,625,606,632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">This species has not been sequenced.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34657863FF0AB6FCAFA9FC1A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB6FCAD77FD3B" blockId="34.[189,303,671,697]" box="[189,303,671,697]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D090A62934657863FF0AB6FCAD77FD3B" bold="true" box="[189,303,671,697]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734657863FF0AB6FCAD77FD3B" bold="true" box="[189,303,671,697]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534657863FF0AB6ADAFA9FC1A" blockId="34.[188,1399,718,920]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Three of the 
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC34657863FEEAB6ADAE51FD6A" box="[349,521,718,744]" count="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">four paratypes</specimenCount>
were collected from “Sin. [
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734657863FCEAB6ADAFE5FD6A" box="[861,957,718,744]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
], 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034657863FC64B6ADA84BFD6A" box="[979,1043,718,744]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi.</quantity>
W of El Palmito, 6400 [ft]”. However, there is a discrepancy in the elevation as the actual elevation 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034657863FB9EB692A8DAFC89" box="[1065,1154,753,779]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 miles</quantity>
west of El Palmito, 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734657863FF0AB777AD4DFCAC" box="[189,277,788,814]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
is around 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034657863FE39B777AE6AFCAC" box="[398,562,788,815]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="ft" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2000 ft.</quantity>
Eight miles west of a different village – El Palmito, 
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734657863FB23B776A8A3FCAD" box="[1172,1275,789,815]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Durango</collectingRegion>
– matches the mentioned elevation of 
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034657863FE49B754AE0DFCD3" box="[510,597,823,849]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95072" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="ft" value="6400.0">6400 ft</quantity>
, suggesting confusion in either the recorded elevation or the precise locality due to villages with identical names. Because of this uncertainty, inferred GPS coordinates are omitted, and these three individuals are excluded from the range map.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>