683 lines
76 KiB
XML
683 lines
76 KiB
XML
<document id="70190EE7E05103D7F4A515C85547E4B1" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.4.4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="91768d2f-3bdc-4512-bb6b-22f841103733" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="163589" ID-ZooBank="0FC215B7-B640-42E5-9709-64CC15581D97" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1477649499394" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stuke, Jens-Hermann" docDate="2016" docId="03CE87E7B323927630DAFC1EF693FBA7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4178.4.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4178 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Physocephala vittata Fabricius 1794" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="531" masterDocId="FFF7FF9FB32B927C304DFFEFF21EFF93" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on Western Palaearctic Conopidae (Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="534" masterPageNumber="521" pageNumber="529" updateTime="1729286072211" updateUser="julia">
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<mods:titleInfo id="427203C974C48899EAD60B7CAA7B86A6">
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<mods:title id="11522133448229393D4A60775650462B">Taxonomic notes on Western Palaearctic Conopidae (Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="493F2ED416676741A9008186F4C7047D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="31263637DD31A3E40F0F4A828CBC8E75">Stuke, Jens-Hermann</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BE1DA8BA4423B06AE1F07E17F891554D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AC8CDB26E94249C244086FFB8AC9DD13">
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<mods:date id="603CA5688CAFAB2BA491C0D954814061">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="427759DD28ABC28B912796D6716AE18F">2016-10-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6D558FD103B4FFB267D9333E433AB308">4178</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CE87E7B323927630DAFC1EF693FBA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6070352" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124788280" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6070352" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE87E7B323927630DAFC1EF693FBA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE87E7B323927630DAFC1EF693FBA7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="531" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<subSubSection id="C37D657AB323927430DAFC1EF3C6FB98" box="[151,472,1009,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAFC1EF3C6FB98" blockId="8.[151,472,1009,1035]" box="[151,472,1009,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<heading id="D090819DB323927430DAFC1EF3C6FB98" bold="true" box="[151,472,1009,1035]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B323927430DAFC1EF3C6FB98" ID-CoL="9HCFS" authority="Fabricius, 1794" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1794" box="[151,472,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927430DAFC1EF3C6FB98" bold="true" box="[151,472,1009,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927430DAFC1EF2E0FB98" bold="true" box="[151,254,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">P. vittata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32392743140FC1EF3CEFB98" author="Fabricius" box="[269,464,1009,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologica systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome IV. C. G. Proft, fil et soc., Kopenhagen, [6] + 472 + [5] pp." type="journal article" year="1794">Fabricius, 1794</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D657AB323927430DAFBD6F789FBDD" box="[151,1431,1080,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAFBD6F789FBDD" blockId="8.[151,1431,1080,1102]" box="[151,1431,1080,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<materialsCitation id="3B0F3CACB323927430DAFBD6F789FBDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1328378043" box="[151,1431,1080,1102]" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Germany" location="Kiliae" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7711DFB323927430DAFBD6F789FBDD" box="[151,1431,1080,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B323927430DAFBD6F01BFBDD" ID-CoL="9H95P" authority="Fabricius, 1794: 392" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="392" authorityYear="1794" box="[151,517,1080,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Conops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927430DAFBD6F332FBDD" box="[151,300,1081,1102]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Conops vittata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC610E0B3239274317FFBD7F01BFBDD" author="Fabricius" box="[306,517,1080,1102]" page="392" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" year="1794">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3239274317FFBD7F3CCFBDD" author="Fabricius" box="[306,466,1080,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologica systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome IV. C. G. Proft, fil et soc., Kopenhagen, [6] + 472 + [5] pp." type="journal article" year="1794">Fabricius, 1794</bibRefCitation>
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: 392
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</treatmentCitation>
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; type-locality: “
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<location id="8EB8602AB323927432EAFBD7F0F9FBDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE87E7B323927630DAFC1EF693FBA7:8EB8602AB323927432EAFBD7F0F9FBDD" box="[679,743,1080,1102]" country="Germany" name="Kiliae" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Kiliae</location>
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” [
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<collectingCountry id="F3707661B323927432B3FBD7F17AFBDD" box="[766,868,1080,1102]" name="Germany" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Germany</collectingCountry>
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]; no information available about
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<typeStatus id="54DC8853B323927434FFFBD6F6C0FBDD" box="[1202,1246,1081,1102]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">type</typeStatus>
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material [
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<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B3239274350FFBD7F78FFBDD" box="[1346,1425,1080,1102]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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]
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37D657AB323927430DAFB95F388F92B" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAFB95F09FFAD4" blockId="8.[151,1437,1146,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927430DAFB95F30FFB00" bold="true" box="[151,273,1146,1171]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32392743154FB95F018FB00" box="[281,518,1146,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32392743154FB95F018FB00" box="[281,518,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an extremely variable species in characters such as colouration and dusting of the pleura, all of which show intermediates. This situation has historically resulted in the description of numerous taxa of dubious validity, some of which might represent subspecies but which are presently best interpreted as colour morphs in the absence of better information. The key to colour morphs below gives an overview of the variability and the past nomenclature of these taxa, but it should be noted there are many intermediates and it is not possible to identify all forms with certainty.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3239274308AFABDF388F92B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1146,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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Typical specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3239274318EFABBF036FAF8" box="[451,552,1364,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3239274318EFABBF036FAF8" box="[451,552,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">P. vittata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are easily recognised by the lack of dense dusting on the pleura, the lack of dense dusting on the hind coxa, the completely yellow face and the characteristic wing pattern comprising a distinct dark fore margin, with subcostal cell sc always hyaline and obviously paler than the base of radial cell r2+3, subcostal vein Sc yellowish brown and obviously paler than the dark brown radial vein R2+3, radial cell r2+3 usually hyaline, distally with an isolated spot around the vein R4+5+M. Difficulties arise with specimens which have a distinct dusted stripe on the pleura, and such specimens have in the past given rise to many misidentifications. Usually the hind coxa is not densely dusted, however, even where there is a dusting stripe on the pleura. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B323927435CAF9DBF2C1F9FC" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927435CAF9DBF2C1F9FC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">P. vittata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the dusting on the pleura —if there is any dusting at all— almost invariably arises at a point well above the mid coxa and becomes obviously narrower as it reaches the notopleuron. In addition, the mediotergite has no dense dusting stripe dorsally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D657AB323927530DAF908F782FD95" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF908F1BCF892" blockId="8.[151,930,1767,1793]" box="[151,930,1767,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
<heading id="D090819DB323927430DAF908F1BCF892" bold="true" box="[151,930,1767,1793]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927430DAF908F1BCF892" bold="true" box="[151,930,1767,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
Key to colour morphs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32392743183F908F1BCF892" ID-CoL="9HCFS" authority="Fabricius, 1794" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1794" box="[462,930,1767,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32392743183F908F0D6F892" bold="true" box="[462,712,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3239274329AF908F184F892" author="Fabricius" box="[727,922,1767,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologica systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome IV. C. G. Proft, fil et soc., Kopenhagen, [6] + 472 + [5] pp." type="journal article" year="1794">Fabricius, 1794</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<keyStep id="30932E54B323927430DAF8C7F785F8CA" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF8C7F785F8AE" blockId="8.[151,1436,1832,2026]" box="[151,1435,1832,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<keyLead id="309695C4B323927430DAF8C7F785F8AE" box="[151,1435,1832,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">1 Pleura with distinct areas of dense dusting................................................................ 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF8ABF785F8CA" blockId="8.[151,1436,1832,2026]" box="[151,1435,1860,1881]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
<keyLead id="309695C4B323927430DAF8ABF785F8CA" box="[151,1435,1860,1881]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">- Pleura without distinct areas of dense dusting.............................................................. 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30932E54B323927430DAF88EF782F823" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF88EF782F800" blockId="8.[151,1436,1832,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<keyLead id="309695C4B323927430DAF88EF782F800" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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2 Dusting on pleura restricted to a spot dorsally on the katepisternum, anepisternum without dense dusting................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3239274339AF891F60BF800" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[983,1045,1918,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3239274339AF891F60BF800" box="[983,1045,1918,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">vittata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, colour morph
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B323927434E7F892F782F800" authority="Krober, 1915" authorityName="Krober" authorityYear="1915" box="[1194,1436,1917,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B323927434E7F892F709F800" box="[1194,1303,1917,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">maculigera</emphasis>
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||
Kröber, 1915
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF874F782F823" blockId="8.[151,1436,1832,2026]" box="[151,1436,1947,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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<keyLead id="309695C4B323927430DAF874F782F823" box="[151,1436,1947,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">- Dusting on the pleura forming a band that reaches more or less up the anepisternum to close to the notopleuron........... 3</keyLead>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</keyStep>
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||
<keyStep id="30932E54B323927530DAF857F782FF5A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B323927430DAF857F785F87A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1832,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B323927430DAF857F785F87A" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">
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||
3 Darker specimens: male: with at least epandrium black, and usually the apical segments of abdomen mainly black coloured; female: tergite 3 with a black band............................................ colour morph
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32392743499F83AF785F87A" authority="Loew, 1847" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1847" box="[1236,1435,2004,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
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||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32392743499F83AF73BF879" box="[1236,1317,2005,2026]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="529">truncata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32392743566F83BF785F87A" author="Loew" box="[1323,1435,2004,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="529" refString="Loew, H. (1847) Dipterologische Beitrage. Dritter Theil. Ueber die italienischen Arten der Gattung Conops. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines zu Posen, 1846, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1847">Loew, 1847</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFF78F782FF5A" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
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||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFF78F782FF5A" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
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||
- Lighter specimens: male: epandrium orange-brown like the rest of the abdomen; female: tergite 3 with a pair of black markings.........................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927533D8FF5BF1CCFF5A" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[917,978,180,201]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927533D8FF5BF1CCFF5A" box="[917,978,180,201]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, colour morph
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<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275342BFF5BF709FF59" box="[1126,1303,180,202]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">pseudomaculigera</emphasis>
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Kröber, 1915
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||
</keyLead>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30932E54B322927530DAFF3EF785FE90" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFF3EF782FF75" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" box="[151,1436,208,230]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFF3EF782FF75" box="[151,1436,208,230]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
4 Tergite 4 shining, without a distinctly dusted hind margin...................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3229275344CFF3EF620FF75" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[1025,1086,209,230]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275344CFF3EF620FF75" box="[1025,1086,209,230]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, colour morph
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275349FFF3FF709FF75" box="[1234,1303,208,230]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">detecta</emphasis>
|
||
Becker, 1913
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFF01F785FE90" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" box="[151,1435,238,259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFF01F785FE90" box="[151,1435,238,259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">- Tergite 4 with a distinct broad dusted hind margin........................................................... 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30932E54B322927530DAFEE4F785FEE5" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFEE4F785FEAF" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFEE4F785FEAF" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
5 Dark specimens with black postcoxal bridge and thorax more or less completely black with the exception of the postpronotum..................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927533BCFEC7F62CFEAE" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[1009,1074,296,317]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927533BCFEC7F62CFEAE" box="[1009,1074,296,317]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, colour morph
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275348BFEC8F70BFEAE" box="[1222,1301,295,317]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">fraterna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275356CFEC8F78AFEAF" author="Loew" box="[1313,1428,295,316]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Loew, H. (1847) Dipterologische Beitrage. Dritter Theil. Ueber die italienischen Arten der Gattung Conops. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines zu Posen, 1846, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1847">Loew, 1847</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFEABF785FEE5" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFEABF785FEE5" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">- Lighter specimens with postcoxal bridge reddish orange and thorax paler with at most the mesoscutum black, and the pleura mostly reddish orange................................................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30932E54B322927530DAFE91F782FD95" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFE91F788FE23" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFE91F788FE23" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
6 Abdomen with distinct black markings; black colouration of mesoscutum not divided to three large black spots........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927534CEFE74F6DEFE23" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[1155,1216,411,432]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927534CEFE74F6DEFE23" box="[1155,1216,411,432]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, typical colour morph
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFE58F782FD95" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<keyLead id="309695C4B322927530DAFE58F782FD95" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
- Abdomen more or less completely orange brown, at most with small pairs of black spots on tergites but not with black bands; black colouration of mesoscutum reduced and divided to three large black spots...................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753382FE1EF612FD95" ID-CoL="9HCFS" box="[975,1036,497,518]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753382FE1EF612FD95" box="[975,1036,497,518]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, colour morph
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927534EDFE1FF782FD95" ID-CoL="4X786" authority="Krober, 1915" authorityName="Krober" authorityYear="1915" box="[1184,1436,496,518]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Sicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927534EDFE1FF708FD95" box="[1184,1302,496,518]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
Kröber, 1915
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657AB322927630DAFDDBF693FBA7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="531" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFDDBF070FDD8" blockId="9.[151,1436,562,767]" box="[151,622,562,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFDDBF2B4FDD8" box="[151,170,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530FCFDDBF3E1FDD8" authority="Macquart, 1834" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1834" box="[177,511,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530FCFDDBF32AFDD8" box="[177,308,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. maculata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275310EFDDCF3E9FDD8" author="Macquart" box="[323,503,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1834) Insectes Dipteres du Nord de la France. Athericeres: Creophiles, Oestrides, Myopaires, Conopsaires, Scenopiniens, Cephalopsides. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l' Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1833, 137 - 368." type="journal article" year="1834">Macquart, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275324BFDDCF070FDD8" bold="true" box="[518,622,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B3229275324BFDDCF070FDD8" box="[518,622,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFDB8F384FD00" blockId="9.[151,1436,562,767]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530DAFDB8F053FDFC" authority="Macquart, 1834: 348" authorityName="Macquart" authorityPageNumber="348" authorityYear="1834" box="[151,589,598,623]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Conops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFDB8F345FDFC" box="[151,347,598,623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Conops maculata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275312CFDB7F008FDFC" author="Macquart" box="[353,534,599,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1834) Insectes Dipteres du Nord de la France. Athericeres: Creophiles, Oestrides, Myopaires, Conopsaires, Scenopiniens, Cephalopsides. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l' Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1833, 137 - 368." type="journal article" year="1834">Macquart, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 348
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; type-locality: “Environs de Paris” [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753393FDB7F62DFDFC" box="[990,1075,600,623]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
];
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B32292753409FDB7F6B6FDE3" box="[1092,1192,600,624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927534E3FDB8F6CFFDFC" box="[1198,1233,599,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B3229275349AFDB8F6E4FDFC" box="[1239,1274,599,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B3229275354CFDB8F761FDFC" box="[1281,1407,598,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
of unknown sex [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B32292753174FD93F38BFD00" box="[313,405,636,659]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B32292753174FD93F38BFD00" box="[313,405,636,659]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3229275308AFD4FF31FFD6C" blockId="9.[151,1436,562,767]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
I have examined the three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B322927531A3FD4FF04EFD2B" box="[494,592,672,696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927532D0FD4FF0ECFD24" box="[669,754,672,695]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B322927532D0FD4FF0ECFD24" box="[669,754,672,695]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
and also have photographs to hand. All of the specimens fall within the variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927531D5FD2CF09AFD48" box="[408,644,707,732]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927531D5FD2CF09AFD48" box="[408,644,707,732]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927532DEFD2CF181FD4F" box="[659,927,707,732]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927532DEFD2CF181FD4F" box="[659,927,707,732]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala maculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is therefore proposed as a junior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFD07F2E9FD6C" box="[151,247,744,767]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. v i t t a t a</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFCDFF07DFCD4" blockId="9.[151,1436,814,1092]" box="[151,611,814,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFCDFF2B4FCD4" box="[151,170,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530FCFCDFF3EAFCD4" authority="Macquart 1844" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[177,500,814,839]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530FCFCDFF32EFCD4" box="[177,304,814,839]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32292753173FCC0F3F5FCD4" author="Macquart" box="[318,491,815,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1844) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxiemme. 3. e partie. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l' Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1842, 162 - 460." type="journal article" year="1844">Macquart 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927531B6FCC0F07DFCD4" bold="true" box="[507,611,815,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B322927531B6FCC0F07DFCD4" box="[507,611,815,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFCBBF316FC1C" blockId="9.[151,1436,814,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530DAFCBBF06EFCF8" authority="Macquart, 1844: 172" authorityName="Macquart" authorityPageNumber="172" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,624,851,876]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Conops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFCBBF37EFCFF" box="[151,352,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Conops flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275313DFCBBF031FCF8" author="Macquart" box="[368,559,851,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1844) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxiemme. 3. e partie. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l' Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1842, 162 - 460." type="journal article" year="1844">Macquart, 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 172
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; type-locality: “Amérique septentrionale”;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B32292753434FCBCF6F6FCFF" box="[1145,1256,851,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="holotype">holotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927534BAFCBBF712FCF8" box="[1271,1292,852,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[depository unknown]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3229275308AFC74F06DFBD0" blockId="9.[151,1436,814,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275308AFC74F36AFC27" author="Camras" box="[199,372,923,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Camras, S. (1996) New Information on the New World Physocephala (Diptera: Conopidae). News and the Proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 107, 104 - 112." type="journal article" year="1996">Camras (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B32292753275FC73F076FC27" box="[568,616,924,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927532D7FC74F1B7FC27" box="[666,937,923,948]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927532D7FC74F1B7FC27" box="[666,937,923,948]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is lost but considered that it might be a Palaearctic species as it definitely did not appear to be a Nearctic species, contrary to the locus typicus "Amérique septentrionale" given in the original description. No other specimens have come to light. The original description agrees completely with the concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753208FBE9F12FFB8C" box="[581,817,1030,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753208FBE9F12FFB8C" box="[581,817,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore the most pragmatic solution is to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927535CAFBE7F2E5FBD7" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927535CAFBE7F2E5FBD7" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753244FBC3F075FBD0" box="[521,619,1068,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753244FBC3F075FBD0" box="[521,619,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFB9BF029FB18" blockId="9.[151,1436,1139,1415]" box="[151,567,1139,1163]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFB9BF2B4FB18" box="[151,170,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530FCFB9BF3D7FB18" authority="Loew, 1847" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1847" box="[177,457,1139,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530FCFB9BF335FB18" box="[177,299,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. truncata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32292753177FB9CF3DEFB18" author="Loew" box="[314,448,1139,1163]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Loew, H. (1847) Dipterologische Beitrage. Dritter Theil. Ueber die italienischen Arten der Gattung Conops. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines zu Posen, 1846, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1847">Loew, 1847</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275319DFB9CF029FB18" bold="true" box="[464,567,1139,1163]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B3229275319DFB9CF029FB18" box="[464,567,1139,1163]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFB78F066FB47" blockId="9.[151,1436,1139,1415]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530DAFB78F03BFB3C" authority="Loew, 1847: 21" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,549,1175,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Conops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFB78F37FFB3C" box="[151,353,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Conops truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32292753121FB77F3E9FB3C" author="Loew" box="[364,503,1175,1199]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Loew, H. (1847) Dipterologische Beitrage. Dritter Theil. Ueber die italienischen Arten der Gattung Conops. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines zu Posen, 1846, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1847">Loew, 1847</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 21
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; type-locality: “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B32292753292FB79F124FB3C" box="[735,826,1174,1199]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Sicilien</collectingRegion>
|
||
; von Zeller zweimal im Juni bei Syrakus gefangen” [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B322927530D3FB54F2C7FB47" box="[158,217,1211,1236]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
];
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B322927530A1FB53F34EFB47" box="[236,336,1212,1236]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B3229275311BFB54F367FB40" box="[342,377,1211,1235]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[depository unknown]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3229275308AFB31F002FA14" blockId="9.[151,1436,1139,1415]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B322927530B3FB0FF330FB6B" box="[254,302,1248,1272]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is lost but I have seen several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753342FB31F1B2FB64" box="[783,940,1246,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753342FB31F1B2FB64" box="[783,940,1246,1271]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens that agree completely with the original description. These are best interpreted as a colour morph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927533E4FAECF68BFA88" box="[937,1173,1283,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927533E4FAECF68BFA88" box="[937,1173,1283,1308]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a distinct dusting stripe, and therefore I place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753195FAC9F0C2FAAC" box="[472,732,1318,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753195FAC9F0C2FAAC" box="[472,732,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala truncata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927533B9FAC7F646FAAC" box="[1012,1112,1320,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927533B9FAC7F646FAAC" box="[1012,1112,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The colour morph
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753570FAC7F782FAAC" box="[1341,1436,1320,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753570FAC7F782FAAC" box="[1341,1436,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">truncata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs more frequently on some Mediterranean islands such as
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B3229275333FFAA4F1D1FAF7" box="[882,975,1355,1380]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B32292753447FAA4F652FAF7" box="[1034,1100,1355,1380]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Sicily</collectingRegion>
|
||
, but can also occasionally be found anywhere in central Europe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFA57F04FFA5C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1462,1740]" box="[151,593,1462,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFA57F2B4FA5C" box="[151,170,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530FCFA57F3FCFA5C" authority="Krober, 1915" authorityName="Krober" authorityYear="1915" box="[177,482,1462,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530FCFA57F359FA5C" box="[177,327,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. curticornis</emphasis>
|
||
Kröber, 1915
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927531A4FA58F04FFA5C" bold="true" box="[489,593,1463,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B322927531A4FA58F04FFA5C" box="[489,593,1463,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAFA34F056F984" blockId="9.[151,1436,1462,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530DAFA34F097FA67" authority="Krober 1915a: 54" authorityName="Krober" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,649,1499,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAFA34F3A9FA60" box="[151,439,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala curticornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3229275318DFA34F07EFA67" author="Krober" box="[448,608,1499,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Krober, O. (1915 a) Die palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Physocephala. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 80, 43 - 77." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Kröber 1915a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 54
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–55; type-locality: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753327FA34F1DBFA60" box="[874,965,1499,1523]" name="Hungary" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Ungarn</collectingCountry>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B322927533ABFA34F65EFA60" box="[998,1088,1499,1523]" name="Hungary" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Ungarn</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Cinkota”;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B3229275348FFA33F738FA67" box="[1218,1318,1500,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B32292753563FA34F74FFA60" box="[1326,1361,1499,1523]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B32292753517FA34F762FA60" box="[1370,1404,1499,1523]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927535C2FA34F31FF984" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
without abdomen in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B322927531A2F9EFF05DF984" box="[495,579,1536,1559]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3229275308AF9CCF00BF958" blockId="9.[151,1436,1462,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
There is one specimen without abdomen in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B322927532F2F9CBF10EF9A8" box="[703,784,1572,1595]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
with the following labels: (1) “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753430F9CCF6FEF9AF" box="[1149,1248,1571,1596]" name="Hungary" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Hungria</collectingCountry>
|
||
”; (2) “antennis / brevicor / nis”; (3) “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B32292753134F9A8F3DFF9CC" box="[377,449,1607,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Typus</typeStatus>
|
||
” (rot); (4) “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753208F9A9F0FCF9CC" box="[581,738,1606,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Physocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927532A4F9A7F0E0F9CC" box="[745,766,1608,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753359F9A9F1D3F9CC" authority="Krob" authorityName="Krob" box="[788,973,1606,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">curticornis Kröb</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ O. Kröber det. 1912”. This specimen is one of the two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B32292753171F983F380F917" box="[316,414,1644,1668]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and appears to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753221F983F0AAF910" box="[620,692,1644,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753221F983F0AAF910" box="[620,692,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all respects except for the unusual shape of the head. This shape is almost certainly an abnormal deformation and therefore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3229275337FF961F64CF934" box="[818,1106,1678,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275337FF961F64CF934" box="[818,1106,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala curticornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be treated as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3229275316EF95CF010F958" box="[291,526,1715,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275316EF95CF010F958" box="[291,526,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAF913F048F880" blockId="9.[151,1436,1787,2028]" box="[151,598,1787,1812]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAF913F2B4F880" box="[151,170,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530FCF913F3F9F887" authority="Krober, 1915" authorityName="Krober" authorityYear="1915" box="[177,487,1787,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530FCF913F352F887" box="[177,332,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">P. maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
Kröber, 1915
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927531A3F914F048F880" bold="true" box="[494,598,1787,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B322927531A3F914F048F880" box="[494,598,1787,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B322927530DAF8F1F796F8EC" blockId="9.[151,1436,1787,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B322927530DAF8F1F144F8A4" authority="Krober 1915a: 71" authorityName="Krober" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,858,1822,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="truncata" variety="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B322927530DAF8F1F382F8A4" box="[151,412,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala truncata</emphasis>
|
||
Lw. var
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753248F8F1F09BF8A4" box="[517,645,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B322927532C3F8F1F130F8A4" author="Krober" box="[654,814,1822,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refString="Krober, O. (1915 a) Die palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Physocephala. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 80, 43 - 77." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Kröber 1915a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 71
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; type-locality: “Oberägypten,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B322927534F9F8F1F6E8F8A4" box="[1204,1270,1822,1847]" name="Tunisia" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927534F9F8F1F6E8F8A4" box="[1204,1270,1822,1847]" country="Tunisia" name="Tunis" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Tunis</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B3229275354FF8F1F720F8A4" box="[1282,1342,1822,1847]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Sinai</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753501F8F1F786F8A4" box="[1356,1432,1822,1847]" name="Syria" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Algir,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927530ADF8ACF330F8CF" box="[224,302,1859,1884]" country="Algeria" name="Biskra" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Biskra</collectingRegion>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753103F8ACF38FF8CF" box="[334,401,1859,1884]" name="Tunisia" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B32292753103F8ACF38FF8CF" box="[334,401,1859,1884]" country="Tunisia" name="Tunis" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Tunis</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Oberägypten,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B32292753273F8ACF094F8CF" box="[574,650,1859,1884]" name="Syria" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707661B322927532D8F8ACF0C0F8CF" box="[661,734,1859,1884]" name="Algeria" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927532D8F8ACF0C0F8CF" box="[661,734,1859,1884]" country="Algeria" name="Alger" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Algier</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927532A6F8ACF16AF8CF" box="[747,884,1859,1884]" country="Algeria" name="Constantine" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Constantine</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B32292753332F8ACF1D0F8CF" box="[895,974,1859,1884]" country="Algeria" name="Biskra" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Biskra</collectingRegion>
|
||
”;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B322927533A9F8ABF656F8CF" box="[996,1096,1860,1884]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B3229275341DF8ACF69FF8C8" box="[1104,1153,1859,1883]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="male">24♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927534C5F8ACF6A4F8C8" box="[1160,1210,1859,1883]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female">19♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B32292753484F8ACF6EEF8C8" box="[1225,1264,1859,1883]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B322927534B0F8ACF701F8C8" box="[1277,1311,1859,1883]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B3229275356AF8ABF760F8CF" box="[1319,1406,1860,1884]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927530DAF887F2F1F8EC" box="[151,239,1896,1919]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B322927530DAF887F2F1F8EC" box="[151,239,1896,1919]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the deposition of the remaining material unknown and probably at least partly destroyed (coll. Kröber)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3229276308AF863F714FF46" blockId="9.[151,1436,1787,2028]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,717]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="531" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
I have examined the three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B322927531A3F863F04EF837" box="[494,592,1932,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
held at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3F813B322927532E5F863F11FF830" box="[680,769,1932,1955]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B322927532E5F863F11FF830" box="[680,769,1932,1955]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753346F864F631F837" box="[779,1071,1931,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753346F864F631F837" box="[779,1071,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another colour morph that fits completely within the concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32292753240F841F0E6F854" box="[525,760,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32292753240F841F0E6F854" box="[525,760,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being segregated only on the basis of the dusting pattern on the pleura as described in the key above. There are, however, many intermediates between typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3229275356CF83BF777F878" box="[1313,1385,2004,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3229275356CF83BF777F878" box="[1313,1385,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927630A7FF78F374FF23" box="[234,362,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630A7FF78F374FF23" box="[234,362,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and I therefore place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763229FF76F0E1FF23" box="[612,767,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763229FF76F0E1FF23" box="[612,767,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3219276338FFF76F63BFF23" box="[962,1061,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276338FFF76F63BFF23" box="[962,1061,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763428FF78F6FBFF23" box="[1125,1253,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763428FF78F6FBFF23" box="[1125,1253,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colour morph is the most typical one encountered in North Africa, however, and might represent a distinct subspecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3219276308AFF30F373FD5F" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
|
||
The historical interpretation of
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276327DFF0EF0D5FF6B" box="[560,715,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. m a cu l i g er a</emphasis>
|
||
is a characteristic of the genus:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763407FF30F6E4FF6B" author="Krober" box="[1098,1274,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Krober, O. (1915 a) Die palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Physocephala. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 80, 43 - 77." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Kröber (1915a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the taxon as a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927631CAFEEBF092FE8F" box="[391,652,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927631CAFEEBF092FE8F" box="[391,652,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Physocephala truncata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and mentioned that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763338FEEBF609FE8F" author="Becker" box="[885,1047,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Becker, T. (1903) Agyptische Dipteren (Fortsetzung und Schluß). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 2, 67 - 195." type="journal article" year="1903">Becker (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had interpreted it as an un-named form of
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630B8FEC6F349FED3" box="[245,343,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. v i t t a t a</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763124FEC8F015FED3" author="Krober" box="[361,523,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Krober, O. (1919) Katalog der Conopiden nebst Beschreibungen der Gattungen und Arten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 83, 1 - 52 + 10 plates." type="book chapter" year="1919">Kröber (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763209FEC8F0EDFED3" author="Brunetti" box="[580,755,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Brunetti, E. (1925) New African Conopidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (16), 101 - 112. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932508633277" type="journal article" year="1925">Brunetti (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subsequently adopted this interpretation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927634ABFEC8F789FED3" author="Krober" box="[1254,1431,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Krober, O. (1915 a) Die palaearktischen Arten der Gattung Physocephala. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 80, 43 - 77." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Kröber (1915a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3219276308FFEA3F343FEF7" author="Krober" box="[194,349,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Krober, O. (1924) Agyptische Dipteren aus den Familien der Conopidae, Omphralidae, und Therevidae. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique d' Egypte, 7, 57 - 116." type="journal article" year="1924">Kröber (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763124FEA3F3BCFEF6" author="Krober" box="[361,418,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Krober, O. (1925) Conopidae. In: Lindner, E. (Eds.), Die Fliegen der Palaarktischen Region. Band IV (7). Schweitzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, pp 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1925">1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) then introduced the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3219276329AFEA2F65FFEF6" box="[727,1089,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="chrysorrhoea" variety="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276329AFEA2F197FEF6" box="[727,905,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. chrysorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276338FFEA3F65FFEF6" box="[962,1089,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763402FEA3F6F4FEF7" author="Seguy" box="[1103,1258,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Seguy, E. (1941) Dipteres Recueillis par M. L. Berland dans le Sud Marocain. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 110, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1941">Séguy (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927634BBFEA3F789FEF6" author="Camras" box="[1270,1431,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Camras, S. (1962) Records and descriptions of African Conopidae (Diptera). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 66, 203 - 242." type="journal article" year="1962">Camras (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927630DAFE9FF2CEFE1B" author="Camras" box="[151,208,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Camras, S. (2001) Additional information on Afrotropical Conopidae. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 137, 179 - 210." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B32192763142FE80F3BDFE1B" author="Smith" box="[271,419,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1980) 39. Family Conopidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Eds.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 511 - 517." type="book chapter" year="1980">Smith (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
all listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3219276325CFE9EF0B2FE1B" box="[529,684,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276325CFE9EF0B2FE1B" box="[529,684,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as valid species, whilst
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927633F6FE80F640FE1B" author="Zimina" box="[955,1118,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Zimina, L. V. (1976) Catalogue of Conopidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic. Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 15, 149 - 182. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1976">Zimina (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927634D9FE80F782FE1B" author="Chvala" box="[1172,1436,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Chvala, M. & Smith, K. G. V. (1988) Conopidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 8. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York & Tokyo, pp. 245 - 272." type="book" year="1988">Chvála & Smith (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed it as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927631F2FE7AF06DFE3E" box="[447,627,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysorrhoea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927631F2FE7AF06DFE3E" box="[447,627,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. chrysorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All of these assessments depend on the characters that are chosen to segregate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763143FE58F3B5FE43" box="[270,427,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763143FE58F3B5FE43" box="[270,427,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Physocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. If a researcher focuses on the dusting of the pleura and accepts this as a determinant for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763117FE32F00DFE66" box="[346,531,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysorrhoea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763117FE32F00DFE66" box="[346,531,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. chrysorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is likely that they will then interpret
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763458FE32F6ABFE67" box="[1045,1205,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. m ac u l i ge r a</emphasis>
|
||
as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927635CAFE32F333FD8B" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysorrhoea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927635CAFE32F333FD8B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. chrysorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. If they do not accept pleural dusting as a key character, however, they will probably come to the conclusion that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763104FDCAF3FAFDAE" box="[329,484,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763104FDCAF3FAFDAE" box="[329,484,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3219276323BFDCAF0C7FDAF" box="[630,729,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276323BFDCAF0C7FDAF" box="[630,729,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. If there are only a few specimens available to a researcher, he might come to the conclusion that
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763278FDA6F0CCFDF3" box="[565,722,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. m a c ul i g e r a</emphasis>
|
||
is a valid species because typical specimens appear easy to distinguish from both typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927631BDFD82F049FD17" box="[496,599,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927631BDFD82F049FD17" box="[496,599,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927632D9FD82F125FD16" box="[660,827,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysorrhoe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927632D9FD82F125FD16" box="[660,827,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. chrysorrhoe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The position only really becomes apparent through examining large quantities of material and noting the many intermediates between typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927634EBFD7EF6F3FD3B" box="[1190,1261,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927634EBFD7EF6F3FD3B" box="[1190,1261,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the colour morph
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927630AAFD5BF378FD5E" box="[231,358,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630AAFD5BF378FD5E" box="[231,358,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">maculigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B321927630DAFD12F032FC87" blockId="10.[151,1436,764,1077]" box="[151,556,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630DAFD12F2B9FC87" box="[151,167,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">=</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927630EAFD12F3A3FC86" authority="Zimina, 1968" authorityName="Zimina" authorityYear="1968" box="[167,445,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630EAFD12F301FC86" box="[167,287,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. jakutica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3219276316BFD13F3A3FC86" author="Zimina" box="[294,445,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Zimina, L. V. (1968) The dipterofauna of East Siberia, Syrphidae and Conopidae. Issledo-vaniya po faune Sovestskogo Soyuza. Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 11, 57 - 58. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1968">Zimina, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763189FD13F032FC87" bold="true" box="[452,556,764,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205798B32192763189FD13F032FC87" box="[452,556,764,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B321927630DAFCF0F361FCCF" blockId="10.[151,1436,764,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927630DAFCF0F076FCAB" authority="Zimina 1968: 60" authorityName="Zimina" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,616,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630DAFCF0F387FCAB" box="[151,409,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Physocephala jakutica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927631E9FCF0F022FCAB" author="Zimina" box="[420,572,799,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Zimina, L. V. (1968) The dipterofauna of East Siberia, Syrphidae and Conopidae. Issledo-vaniya po faune Sovestskogo Soyuza. Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 11, 57 - 58. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1968">Zimina 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 60
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–61; type-locality: “Yakutsk aerea” [translated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927634FDFCF0F2F9FCCF" author="Clements" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Clements, D. K. & Vincent, H. (2001) The conopid taxa described by L. V. Zimina from the former Soviet Union (Diptera, Conopidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 137, 33 - 48." type="journal article" year="2001">Clements & Vincent (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD78B321927630B7FCAAF311FCCF" box="[250,271,837,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE34B32192763151FCAAF367FCCF" box="[284,377,837,860]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49rk-3jpq" name="Zoological Museum, University of Amoy" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">ZMUM</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F1B3219276308AFC87F693FBA7" blockId="10.[151,1436,764,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
|
||
I have examined one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8853B3219276318AFC87F039FC13" box="[455,551,872,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763218FC88F146FC13" box="[597,856,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763218FC88F146FC13" box="[597,856,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Physocephala jakutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and it falls within the variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927634B2FC88F2C1FC37" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927634B2FC88F2C1FC37" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Physocephala vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B321927630BFFC63F384FC36" author="Zimina" box="[242,410,908,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Zimina, L. V. (1968) The dipterofauna of East Siberia, Syrphidae and Conopidae. Issledo-vaniya po faune Sovestskogo Soyuza. Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 11, 57 - 58. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1968">Zimina (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared this species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927632BEFC62F142FC37" box="[755,860,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927632BEFC62F142FC37" box="[755,860,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and segregated it mainly on the basis of minor colouration and dusting differences.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF64B00B3219276320DFC40F0F9FC5B" author="Zimina" box="[576,743,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" refString="Zimina, L. V. (1968) The dipterofauna of East Siberia, Syrphidae and Conopidae. Issledo-vaniya po faune Sovestskogo Soyuza. Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 11, 57 - 58. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1968">Zimina (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does also mention some differences in the structure of the genitalia, but does not illustrate or explain these in any detail. I investigated several genitalia of actual specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927630DAFC16F313FB83" box="[151,269,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927630DAFC16F313FB83" box="[151,269,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. jakutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and compare them with those of real
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927632F1FC16F13EFB83" box="[700,800,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927632F1FC16F13EFB83" box="[700,800,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but could not find any differences within the specimens identified now as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B32192763112FBF2F3DFFBA7" box="[351,449,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B32192763112FBF2F3DFFBA7" box="[351,449,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, I place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B321927632D3FBF2F10AFBA6" box="[670,788,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B321927632D3FBF2F10AFBA6" box="[670,788,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. jakutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D72B3219276346EFBF2F698FBA7" box="[1059,1158,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Conopidae" genus="Physocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE3B3219276346EFBF2F698FBA7" box="[1059,1158,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">P. vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |