366 lines
56 KiB
XML
366 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="649FBA768AFBCD4E6739DF6F55D6E48C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821026" ID-ZooBank="3BECB9C7-F4B5-4FA4-934B-1822BF3D1077" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657611643055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2022" docId="03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5164.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5164 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bathyceramaster teres Mah 2022, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FFF7FD66922BE97BEB6E4C15FFC4FFDC" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1699345508031" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="3B9A642CB560ED79F8038AE06AE00A64">New Genera, Species and Occurrences of Deep-Sea Asteroidea (Valvatacea, Forcipulatacea, Echinodermata) collected from the North Pacific Ocean by the CAPSTONE Expedition</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8382EB522EED3588F92BBC8F23230B71">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="059DA808F112AC2C701713026E121E86">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="335AE1D52886530496D3EBABFE96452C">
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<mods:date id="5D2B7823DB785E0DE02F6EEDAA1BDEF9">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="46B2450831FAA941FF0288426C5EB96A">2022-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="72ADAF3A3696A7B0FEF80D4415ABF332">5164</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E50A28E138711BD9128F99DF2FDC5E9E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5164.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E9A2C4887EA7116B71270EC5BF8412DE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F62BC01162E05C527B53E11CA9AB7FCF" type="ZooBank">3BECB9C7-F4B5-4FA4-934B-1822BF3D1077</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839208E958EBF94997FE2BFA41" box="[151,495,1410,1437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E958EBF94997FE2BFA41" blockId="35.[151,495,1410,1473]" box="[151,495,1410,1437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D09083649208E958EBF94997FE2BFA41" bold="true" box="[151,495,1410,1437]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EBF94997FE2BFA41" bold="true" box="[151,495,1410,1437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958EBF94997FE61FA41" ID-CoL="9FYB7" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,421,1410,1437]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EBF94997FE61FA41" bold="true" box="[151,421,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bathyceramaster teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619208E958EAC24996FE2BFA41" box="[428,495,1411,1437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839208E958EBF949B2FE95FA1D" box="[151,337,1447,1473]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E958EBF949B2FE95FA1D" blockId="35.[151,495,1410,1473]" box="[151,337,1447,1473]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<figureCitation id="135C288D9208E958EBF949B2FE95FA1D" box="[151,337,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 12A–F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839208E958EBF949FAFDD4F9F1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E958EBF949FAFDD4F9F1" blockId="35.[151,1437,1519,2013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EBF949FAFEDAF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,286,1519,1545]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species epithet
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958E96849FAFDFFF9D4" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[518,571,1519,1544]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958E96849FAFDFFF9D4" box="[518,571,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is Latin for “rounded or smooth” alluding to the weakly convex, bald plates on the distalmost marginal plates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839208E958EBA94A23FBA1F8F5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E958EBA94A23FBD6F8D9" blockId="35.[151,1437,1519,2013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EBA94A23FE86F98C" bold="true" box="[199,322,1590,1616]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body thick, weakly stellate (R/r=1.77), interradial arcs weakly curved. Lateral edge is thick and rounded. Abactinal plates tabulate, fasciolar grooves well-developed. Abactinals and marginal plates with coarse granules, abactinal plates each with four to fifty granules, most with 8 to 35. Ten distalmost superomarginal plates with quadrate, bald region, otherwise marginals covered by coarse granules. Pedicellariae tong-like with two or three valves, when present on actinal surface. Furrow spines, 4 to 7 with 2 to 4 subambulacrals (mostly 3). Actinal plates with dense covering of coarse granules similar to those on the abactinals.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E958EBA94B1AFBA1F8F5" blockId="35.[151,1437,1519,2013]" box="[199,1125,1807,1833]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">When alive, specimen was orange with lavender to purple colored marginal plates.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D67839208E95FEBA94B27FB7BFD75" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD834089208E95FEBA94B27FDE0FE9D" blockId="35.[151,1437,1519,2013]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EBA94B27FE8BF890" bold="true" box="[199,335,1842,1868]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Comments.</emphasis>
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A species which is identified as a species in
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958E8294B26FBC2F891" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[839,1030,1843,1869]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958E8294B26FBC2F891" box="[839,1030,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bathyceramaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the dense abactinal granulation on abactinal, marginal and actinal plates, tabulate abactinal plates and well-developed fasciolar grooves as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F99208E958EA434B6EFE07F849" author="Mah, C. L." box="[301,451,1915,1941]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="43 - 52" refId="ref47699" refString="Mah, C. L. (2016 b) A new species of Brisingenes from the Hawaii Undersea Military Munitions Assessment Area with an overview of Hawaiian brisingid in situ video observations and functional morphology of subambulacral spines (Forcipulatacea; Asteroidea). Deep-Sea Research, Part II, 128, 43 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.06.003" type="journal article" year="2016">Mah (2016b)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958EAA04B6EFD0EF848" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[462,714,1915,1941]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EAA04B6EFD0EF848" box="[462,714,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bathyceramaster teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958E9BF4B6EFCD4F849" bold="true" box="[721,784,1915,1941]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619208E958E9BF4B6EFCD4F849" box="[721,784,1915,1941]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958EF624B6EFAF6F848" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[1036,1330,1915,1941]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inornata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EF624B6EFAF6F848" box="[1036,1330,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bathyceramaster inornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EE544B6EFABDF849" bold="true" box="[1338,1401,1915,1941]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22055619208E958EE544B6EFABDF849" box="[1338,1401,1915,1941]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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on the basis of its less stellate body shape with shorter arms (R/r=1.77–2.66 versus 4.18), fewer furrow spines (5–7 versus
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<quantity id="4C9F99ED9208E958EB884BD6FEF8F801" box="[230,316,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E958EA2D4BD6FE07F800" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[323,451,1987,2012]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inornata">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E958EA2D4BD6FE07F800" box="[323,451,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. inornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and the presence of discrete bald patches on the distalmost marginal plate surfaces (
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B9208E95FEEEA4BD6FF33FF6C" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" order="Valvatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inornata">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A9208E95FEEEA4BD6FF33FF6C" italics="true" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. inornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with fully covered marginals). This bald region on the marginal plate surfaces also distinguishes
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEE2B4C82FE80FF08" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEE2B4C82FE80FF08" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bathyceramaster teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the North Pacific
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FE9254CAEFC1AFF09" authority="Mah 2016 b" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2016" box="[587,990,187,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="careyi">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FE9254CAEFC91FF08" box="[587,853,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bathyceramaster careyi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F9920FE95FE8324CAEFC1AFF09" author="Mah, C. L." box="[860,990,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="43 - 52" refId="ref47699" refString="Mah, C. L. (2016 b) A new species of Brisingenes from the Hawaii Undersea Military Munitions Assessment Area with an overview of Hawaiian brisingid in situ video observations and functional morphology of subambulacral spines (Forcipulatacea; Asteroidea). Deep-Sea Research, Part II, 128, 43 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.06.003" type="journal article" year="2016">Mah 2016b</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The body shape of
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEFD54CAEFACAFF08" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[1211,1294,187,212]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEFD54CAEFACAFF08" box="[1211,1294,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEE7B4CAEFA97FF09" bold="true" box="[1301,1363,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205561920FE95FEE7B4CAEFA97FF09" box="[1301,1363,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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is less stellate with shorter arms (R/r=1.77–2.66) than that of the North Pacific
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FE8BA4CCAFBFEFF24" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2016" box="[980,1082,223,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="careyi">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FE8BA4CCAFBFEFF24" box="[980,1082,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. careyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(R/r=1.89–3.83). The
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<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA920FE95FEE524CCAFA58FF25" box="[1340,1436,223,249]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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(USNM 1467554) is further distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FE9C24D16FCD4FEC0" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2016" box="[684,784,259,284]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="careyi">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FE9C24D16FCD4FEC0" box="[684,784,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. careyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the possession of tong-shaped bivalve or trivalve pedicellariae on the actinal surface.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94D5EFCBFFE71" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEBA94D5EFE06FEB8" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,450,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBA94D5EFE06FEB8" box="[199,450,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bathyceramaster teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEAA64D5EFDC2FEB9" bold="true" box="[456,518,331,357]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205561920FE95FEAA64D5EFDC2FEB9" box="[456,518,331,357]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
||
has several characters, suggesting affinities, which are similar to the North Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEBF94D7AFE66FE54" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,418,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="careyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBF94D7AFE66FE54" box="[151,418,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bathyceramaster careyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The abactinal plates and granules on the plates surfaces are similar and both furrow spination and subambulacral spination also resemble those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FE87E4D86FCB0FE70" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2016" box="[784,884,403,428]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="careyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FE87E4D86FCB0FE70" box="[784,884,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. careyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94DA2FE55FDE1" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBA94DA2FE0DFE0D" bold="true" box="[199,457,438,465]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEBA94DA2FE04FE0C" authority="Observations" authorityName="Observations" box="[199,448,438,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Iconaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBA94DA2FEDDFE0D" bold="true" box="[199,281,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">In Situ</emphasis>
|
||
Observations
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
When collected, USNM 1453747 was hunched over a glass sponge in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEE064DA2FF1EFE29" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEE064DA2FF1EFE29" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Waltheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FEB874DCEFE8AFE29" box="[233,334,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Following collection, the specimen had sponge spicules and tissue in the oral region suggesting it had been feeding on the sponge. This would be consistent with prior feeding observations of this species on deep-sea sponges (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF649F9920FE95FEA6E4E36FE42FDE1" author="Mah, C. L." box="[256,390,547,573]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="101 - 141" refId="ref47633" refString="Mah, C. L. (2016 a) Deep-sea (> 1000 m) Goniasteridae (Valvatida; Asteroidea) from the North Pacific, including an overview of Sibogaster, Bathyceramaster n. gen. and three new species. Zootaxa, 4175 (2), 101 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4175.2.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Mah 2016a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94E52FCA4FD59" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">The Sibelius specimen (USNM 1467554) was observed on a basalt bottom with a light epizoic cover. One arm on that specimen was extended upwards away from the bottom.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94E9BFB7BFD75" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1215,654,681]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBA94E9BFE98FD74" bold="true" box="[199,348,654,680]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Occurrence:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707498920FE95FEA0D4E9AFDD1FD75" box="[355,533,655,681]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Howland Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sibelius Seamount, North Pacific Ocean.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED920FE95FEF734E9BFB7FFD75" box="[1053,1211,654,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.307" metricValueMax="2.439" metricValueMin="2.175" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="2307.0" valueMax="2439.0" valueMin="2175.0">2175–2439 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D6783920FE95DEBA94EA7FAF8FE0D" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94EA7FDB1FD2D" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEBA94EA7FE9FFD10" bold="true" box="[199,347,690,716]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Body thick, weakly stellate (R/r=1.77–2.66) in outline, interradial arcs straight to weakly curved. Arms triangular. Armtips blunt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FE96E4EC2FDACFD2D" box="[512,616,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[176,1413,183,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[173,1413,181,1803]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bathyceramaster inornata n. sp. USNM 1457371 (Holotype) A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset: Granules on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plates=1.0 mm. Specimen partially damaged during collection, but also dissected for identification. B. Close-up showing disk plates and patterns. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar=5.0 mm. D. Abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal and inferomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. In situ observation of holotype specimen, Johnston Atoll, 1165 m. F. Adambulacral armament, including furrow spines and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821056/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94EEEFAA6FBA1" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Abactinal plates tabulate, fasciolar grooves well-developed. Abactinal plates round to polygonal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FEE454EEEFABAFCC9" box="[1323,1406,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[176,1413,183,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[173,1413,181,1803]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bathyceramaster inornata n. sp. USNM 1457371 (Holotype) A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset: Granules on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plates=1.0 mm. Specimen partially damaged during collection, but also dissected for identification. B. Close-up showing disk plates and patterns. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar=5.0 mm. D. Abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal and inferomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. In situ observation of holotype specimen, Johnston Atoll, 1165 m. F. Adambulacral armament, including furrow spines and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821056/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Ainset). Plates extend along arm, with single carinal plate series adjacent to armtip. Each abactinal plate with coarse granules, four to fifty, mostly with 8 to 35. Fewest granules present distalmost on abactinals, adjacent to superomarginal contact with highest number of granules on disk. Central disk granules vary in size relative to peripheral granules with some granules identical in size to peripherals, 25–45 centrally, 30–40 peripherally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FEF8B4F9EFA8AFC79" box="[1253,1358,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most other plates, especially along radial regions with central granules at least 1.5 to three times as large as the peripherals, ranging from a large single to two central granules surrounded by 7–10 to 10–15 central large granules. Granules most widely spaced radially, becoming more densely arranged interradially, especially adjacent to superomarginal contact. Papulae six per plate, resulting from openings around each plate. Madreporite weakly convex with welldeveloped sulci, flanked by six abactinal plates. Pedicellariae variably absent (USNM 1453747) to weakly present (USNM 1467554) with the latter specimen displaying only two to four tong-like pedicellariae per interradius.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94892FCBBF9F1" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Superomarginals 22–24 per interradius (armtip to armtip) both superomarginals and inferomarginals very wide (W>L). Superomarginals primarily situated on the abactinal side with inferomarginals forming lateral ledge out away from superomarginals. Contact between superomarginals and inferomarginals offset forming zig-zag contact between them. Marginal plate surfaces flat to weakly convex. Marginal plates covered by coarse granules, 40–80, mostly 30–70 covering plate surface, approximately five to seven along a 1.0 mm line (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FEF024902FB17FAED" box="[1132,1235,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Peripheral granules,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED920FE95FEBBB492EFED5FA89" box="[213,273,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="70.0">70 in</quantity>
|
||
total with 10 on each long side, 25 on each wide side interradially.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920FE95FEF44492EFACFFA89" authority="observations" authorityName="Observations" box="[1066,1291,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Iconaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="36" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920FE95FEF44492EFBB7FA88" box="[1066,1139,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
observations
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggest that granules cover marginal plates along the entire distance. Granules largest on plate surface where superomarginal and inferomarginal are in contact with one another becoming more in line with size on actinal plate surface. Distalmost plates, numbering 2 to 4 with distinct, weakly convex bare region on the plate surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FEFF049B2FAC2FA1D" box="[1182,1286,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bare region smooth, with no pitting or convexities. Peripheral region of these plates with one to four series of granules present, numbering 20, 40 total. Terminal plate circular, convex relatively large, about three times the size of the carinal plates adjacent to it. No pedicellariae observed on marginal plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95FEBA94A22FA83F891" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Actinal surface composed of 5–7 plate series in chevron arrangement (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FE88D4A22FBAEF98D" box="[995,1130,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three or four series complete with one or two series adjacent to the inferomarginals incomplete in irregular series. Individual plates quadrate to polygonal in outline. Weakly developed fasciolar grooves present. Actinal plates with coarse granules three to 20 per plate, granules widely to densely spaced. Granules round to quadrate in shape. Pedicellariae, when present, are tong-like with two or three valves. When present, one pedicellariae present every three plates on the actinal plate series adjacent to the adambulacral plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FE9184AFEFD26F8D9" box="[630,738,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[161,1427,181,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bathyceramaster teres n. sp., USNM 1453747 Holotype. A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm. B. Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm. C. Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm. D. Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm. F. Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm. G. In situ observation of the paratype of B. teres feeding on the glass sponge, Waltheria. R of specimen is 2.3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicellariae occurrence variable even on a single individual (USNM 1467554) with only two interradii displaying abundant pedicellariae, the other three largely lacking all but one or two pedicellariae. One specimen (USNM 1453747) displayed no pedicellariae on its actinal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920FE95DEBA94B42FD4FFE9D" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Furrow spines 5–7, short, blunt in weakly palmate convex formation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FE8B84B42FBFDF8AD" box="[982,1081,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[176,1413,183,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[173,1413,181,1803]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bathyceramaster inornata n. sp. USNM 1457371 (Holotype) A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset: Granules on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plates=1.0 mm. Specimen partially damaged during collection, but also dissected for identification. B. Close-up showing disk plates and patterns. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar=5.0 mm. D. Abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal and inferomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. In situ observation of holotype specimen, Johnston Atoll, 1165 m. F. Adambulacral armament, including furrow spines and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821056/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
|
||
), rounded in cross-section. Furrow spines set apart from other adambulacral spination by discrete rounded space. Adambulacral plates rounded in shape. Subambulacral spines, 2–4, twice as thick as each furrow spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920FE95FE8D64B8AFBD8F865" box="[952,1052,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[176,1413,183,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[173,1413,181,1803]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bathyceramaster inornata n. sp. USNM 1457371 (Holotype) A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset: Granules on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plates=1.0 mm. Specimen partially damaged during collection, but also dissected for identification. B. Close-up showing disk plates and patterns. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar=5.0 mm. D. Abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal and inferomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. In situ observation of holotype specimen, Johnston Atoll, 1165 m. F. Adambulacral armament, including furrow spines and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821056/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicellariae, present in place of subambulacrals on proximalmost three adambulacral plates. Pedicellariae tong-like, similar in size to two to three times thickness of the subambulacral spines. Adambulacral plate surface covered by six blunt granules/spines on remainder of each plate decreasing in size becoming continuous with granules on actinal plate surface. Oral plates with nine to ten furrow spines. Oral plate surface with 4–6 thick spines, each approximately two to three times as thick as oral plate furrow spines, plate otherwise bare. Oral plate and adambulacral plate details damaged during collection and so, some details are obscured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF186480920EE95EEBF94B37FBF0F831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6821062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821062/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,250,1826,1850]" targetBox="[162,1425,182,1801]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920EE95EEBF94B37FBF0F831" blockId="37.[151,1436,1825,2030]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEBF94B37FC5CF8E6" bold="true" box="[151,920,1825,1850]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
FIGURE 12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920EE95EEA464B34FDD5F8E5" authority="Mah, 2022" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[296,529,1825,1849]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEA464B34FDD5F8E5" bold="true" box="[296,529,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Bathyceramaster teres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2205561920EE95EE9764B37FD97F8E6" box="[536,595,1826,1850]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, USNM 1453747 Holotype. A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset showing granulation on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plate=0.75 to 1.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EE8C44B53FC05F882" bold="true" box="[938,961,1862,1886]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal-lateral view showing granulation on superomarginal plates. Scale bar=3.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EE92C4B7FFD9FF85E" bold="true" box="[578,603,1898,1922]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal view. Scale bar= 5.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EE8DC4B7FFC0FF85E" bold="true" box="[946,971,1898,1922]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up showing bald spots on distal superomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EE9624B9BFDE0F87A" bold="true" box="[524,548,1934,1958]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal view closeup showing pedicellariae on actinal and adambulacral plates. Scale bar=1.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEA4F4BA7FEF0F816" bold="true" box="[289,308,1970,1994]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Adambulacral spination, showing furrow and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEFD04BA7FB1CF816" bold="true" box="[1214,1240,1970,1994]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920EE95EEFB14BA6FA58F816" authority="observation" authorityName="Observation" box="[1247,1436,1970,1994]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Iconaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="37" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEFB14BA6FAE4F816" box="[1247,1312,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
observation
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920EE95EEA3F4BC2FE59F832" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2022" box="[337,413,2007,2030]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Bathyceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="teres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EEA3F4BC2FE59F832" box="[337,413,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B. teres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeding on the glass sponge,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920EE95EE9A64BC3FCEFF832" box="[712,811,2006,2030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920EE95EE9A64BC3FCEFF832" box="[712,811,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Waltheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. R of specimen is 2.3 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920DE95DEBA94D5EFAF8FE0D" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920DE95DEBA94D5EFE62FEB9" authority="observations" authorityName="Observations" box="[199,422,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Iconaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="38" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEBA94D5EFECBFEB8" box="[199,271,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
observations
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show this species as white or orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C288D920DE95DE80F4D5EFC0FFEB9" box="[865,971,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[176,1413,183,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[173,1413,181,1803]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bathyceramaster inornata n. sp. USNM 1457371 (Holotype) A. Abactinal view. Scale bar=5.0 mm. Inset: Granules on abactinal plates. Diameter of individual plates=1.0 mm. Specimen partially damaged during collection, but also dissected for identification. B. Close-up showing disk plates and patterns. Scale bar=2.0 mm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar=5.0 mm. D. Abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal and inferomarginal plates. Scale bar=2.0 mm. E. In situ observation of holotype specimen, Johnston Atoll, 1165 m. F. Adambulacral armament, including furrow spines and subambulacral spines. Scale bar=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6821056/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707498920DE95DEF7D4D5EFB03FEB9" box="[1043,1223,331,357]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Howland Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen (USNM 1453747) displayed lavender coloration along its superomarginal plate series. The other specimen (USNM 1467554) showed the more uniformly orange to yellow color with darker purple to lavender marginal plates. This suggests some variation in color within the species, possibly associated with the differently sizes of each specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D6783920DE95DEBA94DCFFDDEFD11" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920DE95DEBA94DCFFEE2FDBD" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEBA94DCFFE79FE28" bold="true" box="[199,445,474,500]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Material Examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DEAA64DCEFEE2FDBD" collectionCode="NOAA, R, ROVHD" collectorName="Coll. M. Putts & Ship" county="Papahuanaumokuakea Marine National Monument" elevation="2439" latitude="27.25" location="Sibelius Seamount" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-160.63333" municipality="North Pacific" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="USNM 1467554, EX1708, T003849" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEAA64DCEFDF8FE29" bold="true" box="[456,572,475,501]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA920DE95DEAA64DCEFDF3FE29" box="[456,567,475,501]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DE9284DCEFCC0FE29" box="[582,772,474,501]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">USNM 1467554</specimenCode>
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3920DE95DE8614DCEFC23FE29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11:8EB862D3920DE95DE8614DCEFC23FE29" box="[783,999,475,501]" county="Papahuanaumokuakea Marine National Monument" latitude="27.25" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-160.63333" municipality="North Pacific" name="Sibelius Seamount" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sibelius Seamount</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBCAE72920DE95DE8984DCEFB57FE29" box="[1014,1171,475,501]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">North Pacific</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B94C84920DE95DEFCC4DCEFE1EFDC5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Papahuanaumokuakea Marine National Monument</collectingCounty>
|
||
, 27.25/-160.63 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF920DE95DE9F64DEBFD33FDC5" box="[664,759,510,537]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="27.25">27º15’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF920DE95DE86F4DEAFCB1FDC5" box="[769,885,511,537]" degrees="160" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="-160.63333">160º38’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED920DE95DE8E94DEAFC25FDC5" box="[903,993,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.439" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2439.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004AD33B920DE95DE8E94DEAFC25FDC5" box="[903,993,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.439" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2439.0">2439 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269251DE920DE95DE8814DEAFB52FDC5" box="[1007,1174,511,537]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Coll. M. Putts</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DEFCA4DEAFB37FDC5" box="[1188,1267,511,537]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qzhp-igg5" name="National Oceanic and Atmospeheric Administration" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NOAA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="269251DE920DE95DEF934DEAFAF4FDC5" box="[1277,1328,511,537]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ship</collectorName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920DE95DEE544DEAFEA2FDE1" authority="Explorer EX 1708" authorityName="Explorer EX" authorityYear="1708" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Okeanos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEE544DEAFF3EFDE1" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Okeanos Explorer</emphasis>
|
||
EX1708
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dive 04 (20170911/004747). 1 wet spec.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DE8314E36FCB6FDE1" box="[863,882,547,573]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">R</collectionCode>
|
||
=3.2 r=1.2
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DE8974E36FB90FDE1" box="[1017,1108,547,573]" collectionCode="EX" country="Slovenia" name="The Culture Collection of Extremophilic Fungi" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">EX1708</specimenCode>
|
||
_IMG_20170911
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DEE794E36FAB9FDE1" box="[1303,1405,547,573]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">T003849</specimenCode>
|
||
Z_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DEBF94E52FF38FDBD" box="[151,252,583,609]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ROVHD</collectionCode>
|
||
.jpg
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD83408920DE95DEBA94E7EFDDEFD11" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DEBA94E7EFE3AFD59" box="[199,510,618,645]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="USNM 1453747" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEBA94E7EFEFFFD59" bold="true" box="[199,315,619,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8AAA920DE95DEBA94E7EFEF2FD59" box="[199,310,619,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DEA2D4E7EFE3AFD59" box="[323,510,618,645]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">USNM 1453747</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DE9684E7EFA85FD59" box="[518,1345,618,645]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" elevation="2175" latitude="0.8" location="Central Pacific Basin." longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-176.66667" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707498920DE95DE9684E7EFD78FD59" box="[518,700,619,645]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Howland Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3920DE95DE9A74E7EFC05FD59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11:8EB862D3920DE95DE9A74E7EFC05FD59" box="[713,961,619,645]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" latitude="0.8" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-176.66667" name="Central Pacific Basin." pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Central Pacific Basin.</location>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF920DE95DE8A64E7EFBDFFD59" box="[968,1051,619,645]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="0.8">0º48’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5352CF920DE95DEF464E7EFB66FD59" box="[1064,1186,619,645]" degrees="176" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="-176.66667">176º 40’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F99ED920DE95DEFC14E7FFAC3FD59" box="[1199,1287,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.175" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2175.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004AD33B920DE95DEFC14E7FFAC3FD59" box="[1199,1287,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.175" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2175.0">2175 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DEE234E7EFC8CFD75" collectingDate="2017-03-18" collectionCode="NOAA" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" location="Ship" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DEE234E7EFA58FD59" box="[1357,1436,619,645]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qzhp-igg5" name="National Oceanic and Atmospeheric Administration" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NOAA</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="8EB862D3920DE95DEBF94E9AFF0EFD75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE851E9208E95DEBF94997FDDEFD11:8EB862D3920DE95DEBF94E9AFF0EFD75" box="[151,202,655,681]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" name="Ship" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ship</location>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674F8B920DE95DEBBB4E9AFE60FD75" authority="Explorer" authorityName="Explorer" box="[213,420,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Okeanos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913E81A920DE95DEBBB4E9AFE60FD75" box="[213,420,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Okeanos Explorer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the D2 ROV,
|
||
<date id="FFD912C8920DE95DE9F94E9AFC8CFD75" box="[663,840,655,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-03-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9DEB20920DE95DE9F94E9AFC8CFD75" box="[663,840,655,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-03-18">18 March 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DE83D4E9AFC70FD75" box="[851,948,655,681]" collectionCode="EX" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="EX1703" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DE83D4E9AFC70FD75" box="[851,948,655,681]" collectionCode="EX" country="Slovenia" name="The Culture Collection of Extremophilic Fungi" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">EX1703</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. 1 wet spec.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DEF214E9AFA83FD75" box="[1103,1351,655,681]" collectionCode="R" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="EX1703" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DEF214E9AFBA6FD75" box="[1103,1122,655,681]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">R</collectionCode>
|
||
=2.3 r=1.3.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DEF824E9AFA83FD75" box="[1260,1351,655,681]" collectionCode="EX" country="Slovenia" name="The Culture Collection of Extremophilic Fungi" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">EX1703</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
_IMG_ 20170318
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F3E55920DE95DEA664EA7FEAAFD11" box="[264,366,690,717]" collectionCode="T" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="T225549" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC19C73920DE95DEA664EA7FEAAFD11" box="[264,366,690,717]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">T225549</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Z_
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76ACCD920DE95DEAE34EA7FE35FD11" box="[397,497,690,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ROVHD</collectionCode>
|
||
.jpg
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |