340 lines
56 KiB
XML
340 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="6591A3FBB50B2BFB4DDD817AC715E4C3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3918.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e59765d1-f223-4839-aa0a-15a6d904a823" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245277" ID-ZooBank="F87634FE-2F58-476A-9A9F-B31555B13041" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460989283487" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reid, C. A. M. & Beatson, M." docDate="2015" docId="03CB6450FFBBF95576A8CAF5FA174F3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03918p551.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3918 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Altica Geoffroy" docType="key" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="513" masterDocId="FFF21C28FFB2F95F763FCF39FF8B4A62" masterDocTitle="Disentangling a taxonomic nightmare: a revision of the Australian, Indomalayan and Pacific species of Altica Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="503" pageNumber="512" updateTime="1698560962389" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1299E77E68DA1C84490B9EE7906A07C3">
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<mods:title id="91261B0871DD81D420F6841E4C89D714">Disentangling a taxonomic nightmare: a revision of the Australian, Indomalayan and Pacific species of Altica Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="25A999E1CB0BB123A31EAA4074D81025">Reid, C. A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7AC17DE05E68E0AB82ACFA5D98BFD9A">Beatson, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="164D7458DA6ECB86BC1F959553A5B9B9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="30F14A1C5495E77BA1ECF946A7E0E904">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2B1563798C5CBF7B2048E64D2E13A078">
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<mods:date id="430A1DEB1EF5BEE1AAC337D71875CA88">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2F7823B75F9761DC101999CE9182A1A5">3918</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F11D166A6F11CB9C48E4F7FD021D5A33" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3918.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CB6450FFBBF95576A8CAF5FA174F3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5696578" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119596115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5696578" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB6450FFBBF95576A8CAF5FA174F3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB6450FFBBF95576A8CAF5FA174F3D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="513" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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<subSubSection id="C37886CDFFBBF95676A8CAF5FBAE4C11" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFBBF95676A8CAF5FB0F4F84" blockId="9.[151,1156,1484,1510]" box="[151,1156,1484,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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<heading id="D095622AFFBBF95676A8CAF5FB0F4F84" bold="true" box="[151,1156,1484,1510]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF95676A8CAF5FB0F4F84" bold="true" box="[151,1156,1484,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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Key to Australian, Indomalayan and southwest Pacific species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF95675FBCAF5FB0F4F84" ID-CoL="SZK" authority="Geoffroy" authorityName="Geoffroy" box="[964,1156,1484,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF95675FBCAF5FB874F84" bold="true" box="[964,1036,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Altica</emphasis>
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Geoffroy
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFBBF95676A8C92AFBAE4C11" blockId="9.[151,1436,1554,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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Note: specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF9567748C92BFD8E4C49" box="[375,517,1554,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF9567748C92BFD8E4C49" box="[375,517,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Altica aenea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF956742CC92AFD304C49" box="[531,699,1554,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Haltica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanensis">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF956742CC92AFD304C49" box="[531,699,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">A. birmanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF95674F6C92AFCC64C49" box="[713,845,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrusca">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF95674F6C92AFCC64C49" box="[713,845,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">A. corrusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF95675BBC92AFC794C49" box="[900,1010,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF95675BBC92AFC794C49" box="[900,1010,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">A. cyanea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are only reliably separated by careful examination of the genitalia, and some females of
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF95674E9C90EFCB24C2C" box="[726,825,1591,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF95674E9C90EFCB24C2C" box="[726,825,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">A. aenea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFBBF956754DC90EFB974C2D" box="[882,1052,1590,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Haltica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanensis">
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<emphasis id="B9160954FFBBF956754DC90EFB974C2D" box="[882,1052,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">A. birmanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may not be distinguishable at all. Host plants and distribution may provide useful diagnostic information (
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<tableCitation id="C6E0E0FDFFBBF95675FFC963FB934C11" box="[960,1048,1626,1651]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1048,1071]" captionText="TABLE 2. Distribution and host information for Altica species in southeast Asia to the central Pacific." pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Table 2</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37886CDFFBBF95576A8C99BFA174F3D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="513" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" type="key">
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<keyStep id="3096CDE3FFBBF95676A8C99BFA174DDD" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFBBF95676A8C99BFA104D4E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1698,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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<keyLead id="30937673FFBBF95676A8C99BFA104D4E" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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1. Eyes relatively smaller (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF95677F3C99BFDF14CD5" box="[460,634,1698,1719]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 8–10, 12–13</figureCitation>
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), EG <7.5 (usually <7), IE>1.15 (usually>1.25), HG <16 (7.5–15.3); elytra (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF956734EC99BFEB34CB6" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 1–3, 5–6</figureCitation>
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) without lateral ridges, or with short keel (usually weak) from humerus to middle; dorsum usually deep blue, less commonly bronze, purplish, dark green or with blue pronotum and green elytra; penis (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF9567242C9E4FB784C90" box="[1149,1267,1757,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 23–24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF956733CC9E4FACB4C90" box="[1283,1344,1757,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">27–28</figureCitation>
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) shorter,
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<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFBBF95676DEC9C3FED74D6D" box="[225,348,1786,1807]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" unit="mm" value="1.825" valueMax="2.15" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.15mm</quantity>
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, without ridges on venter; vaginal palpi (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF95674C3C9C3FCC14D6D" box="[764,842,1786,1807]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,502,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,481,1102]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Altica species, female genitalia (vaginal palpi, spermatheca and sternite VIII): 30, A. corrusca (Erichson); 31, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245283/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 30</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF9567568C9C3FC544D6D" box="[855,991,1786,1807]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="9" pageNumber="512">47–51, 54–57</figureCitation>
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) less elongate, length ≤1.5x width (elytra & hypomeron not microreticulate).......................................................................... 2
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFBBF95676A8C80CFA174DDD" blockId="9.[151,1436,1698,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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<keyLead id="30937673FFBBF95676A8C80CFA174DDD" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">
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- Eyes relatively larger (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF9567784C80CFDA14D28" box="[443,554,1845,1866]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 11, 14</figureCitation>
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), EG>7 (usually>8), IE <1.25 (usually <1.15), HG>16 (17–22.2); prominent longitudinal ridge (sometimes additional ridges in females), usually present on elytra (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF9567589C86BFB9B4D05" box="[950,1040,1874,1895]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 4, 7</figureCitation>
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) from humerus to 2/3 length of elytron, rarely absent; dorsum usually bronze-green to greenish-blue, rarely purplish or dark blue; penis (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF956728FC856FAA94DE6" box="[1200,1314,1903,1924]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 25–26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF956730FC856FAC24DE6" box="[1328,1353,1903,1924]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">29</figureCitation>
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) longer,
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<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFBBF95676DEC8B4FED74DC0" box="[225,348,1933,1954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.375" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="512" unit="mm" value="2.375" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.25">2.25–2.5mm</quantity>
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, strongly transversely or obliquely ridged on dorsum and venter; vaginal palpi (
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF9567246C8B4FB4D4DC0" box="[1145,1222,1933,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,502,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,481,1102]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Altica species, female genitalia (vaginal palpi, spermatheca and sternite VIII): 30, A. corrusca (Erichson); 31, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245283/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="512">Figs 31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFBBF95672ECC8B4FAD04DC0" box="[1235,1371,1933,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="9" pageNumber="512">52–53, 58–61</figureCitation>
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) more elongate, length ≥1.5x width (first antennomere usually entirely dark; outer face of midtibiae flat; habitat in wetlands)..... 5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="3096CDE3FFB8F95576A8CFAEFA104BF5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CFAEFA1E4B66" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CFAEFA1E4B66" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
2(1) External face of midtibia at midpoint convex, often with longitudinal keel as well; penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557249CFAEFB664ACE" box="[1142,1261,151,172]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 23, 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95572C4CFAEFA9F4ACE" box="[1275,1300,151,172]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">28</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually longer,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F955773BCF8CFE074AA8" box="[260,396,181,202]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.15" valueMin="1.65">1.65–2.15mm</quantity>
|
||
, straighter in lateral view, shallowly transversely ridged on middle of dorsal surface (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572C2CF8DFADB4AA8" box="[1277,1360,180,202]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572C2CF8DFADB4AA8" box="[1277,1360,180,202]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">A. aenea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95576DECFEBFEA24A85" box="[225,297,210,231]" name="Ireland" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
); tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95577B3CFEBFDCF4A85" box="[396,580,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 32–36, 39–42</figureCitation>
|
||
) with prominent lateral arms (north & east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95575D2CFEBFBCC4A85" box="[1005,1095,210,231]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95572B9CFEBFB454A85" box="[1158,1230,210,231]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557302CFEBFA1C4A85" box="[1341,1431,210,231]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">east Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, west and central Pacific)............................................................................... 3
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CE34FA104BF5" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CE34FA104BF5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
- External face of midtibia at midpoint flat with thin median ridge; penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955759FCE34FC6D4B40" box="[928,998,269,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually shorter,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F95572B0CE34FB754B40" box="[1167,1278,269,290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7mm</quantity>
|
||
, more curved in lateral view, without transverse ridges on either face; tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955750CCE13FCF64B5D" box="[819,893,298,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,502,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,481,1102]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Altica species, female genitalia (vaginal palpi, spermatheca and sternite VIII): 30, A. corrusca (Erichson); 31, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245283/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95575B8CE13FC4E4B5D" box="[903,965,298,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">39–40</figureCitation>
|
||
) with broad base and short or absent lateral arms (length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F9557714CE7EFE174B3E" box="[299,412,327,348]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="5.15" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.2">4.2–6.1mm</quantity>
|
||
; antennae black, rarely reddish at apex of first antennomere; male eyes relatively small, male EG 3.0–3.3, male HG 7.4–8.6; apex penis not kinked in lateral view; hostplants variable but including non-littoral genera; south-east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557352CE5CFE9F4BF5" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
)..............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572E4CEBBFA104BF5" authority="Erichson" authorityName="Erichson" box="[1243,1435,386,407]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572E4CEBBFABB4BF5" box="[1243,1328,386,407]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">corrusca</emphasis>
|
||
(Erichson)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="3096CDE3FFB8F95576A8CEA6FA104895" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CEA6FA174806" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CEA6FA174806" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
3(2) Eyes generally larger and more convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955744FCEA6FD414BD6" box="[624,714,415,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||
), male IE 1.20–1.55, female IE 1.2–1.5, female EG 3.5–6.85, female NE 1.93–2.23 (small-eyed forms present in both sexes but infrequent); at least apical quarter of first antennomere orange to reddish-brown, or rarely dark brown (some NW Victorian specimens); anterior of clypeus generally smoother, edge less strongly raised; apicoventer of penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95577CBCECEFDB1486E" box="[500,570,503,524]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
) with short pair of depressions (0.2–0.25x penis length), apex of penis abruptly bent in lateral view (only slightly so in some New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557451CD2CFD384848" box="[622,691,533,554]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens); tignum usually shorter,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F9557225CD2CFB144848" box="[1050,1183,533,554]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.85">0.85–0.95mm</quantity>
|
||
(length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F95572CECD2CFAEA4848" box="[1265,1377,533,554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="4.6">4.6–6.4mm</quantity>
|
||
; hostplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F9557728CD08FEF94825" box="[279,370,561,583]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Ludwigia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F9557728CD08FEF94825" box="[279,370,561,583]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Ludwigia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in wetlands and the littoral zone; north and east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557576CD0BFC2A4825" box="[841,929,562,583]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to 37°S, southeast Asia and west Pacific)..................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F955733BCD69FA174806" authority="Olivier" authorityName="Olivier" box="[1284,1436,591,613]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F955733BCD69FACA4807" box="[1284,1345,592,613]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">aenea</emphasis>
|
||
(Olivier)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CD54FA104895" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CD54FA104895" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
- Eyes generally smaller (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95577E8CD54FDC448E0" box="[471,591,621,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 10, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
), less convex, male IE 1.32–1.85, female 1.4–1.8, female EG 2.9–3.8, female NE 2.33–2.70; first antennomere variable, black or with orange apex; anterior of clypeus generally more rugose or strigose, edge more strongly raised; apicoventer of penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95574ADCD9EFD6B48DE" box="[658,736,679,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95574D2CD9EFC8D48DE" box="[749,774,679,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">28</figureCitation>
|
||
) with longer pair of depressions (0.25–0.3x length), apex of penis straight or almost so in lateral view; tignum usually longer,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F9557521CDFCFC2F48B8" box="[798,932,709,730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.145" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="0.94" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="1.145" valueMax="1.35" valueMin="0.94">0.94–1.35mm</quantity>
|
||
(length 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F9557220CDFCFBEF48B8" box="[1055,1124,709,730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3mm</quantity>
|
||
; hostplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572F3CDFDFAB248B8" box="[1228,1337,708,730]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572F3CDFDFAB248B8" box="[1228,1337,708,730]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Polygonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F9557366CDFDFE9A4895" ID-CoL="5NML" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Melastoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F9557366CDFDFE9A4895" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Melastoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; absent from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95577AACDDBFE664895" box="[405,493,738,759]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Pacific Islands)............................................................ 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="3096CDE3FFB8F95576A8CDC6FA174E7E" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CDC6FA1149E8" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CDC6FA1149E8" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
4(3) Anterior of clypeus more rugose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955740ACDC6FDF54976" box="[565,638,767,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
), anterior edge usually sharply ridged; elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955726FCDC6FB064976" box="[1104,1165,767,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) without short keel behind humerus; apicoventral depressions of penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95574AFCC24FD5C4950" box="[656,727,797,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) separated by a sharp ridge, usually also internally finely ridged; vaginal palpi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557720CC03FE00492D" box="[287,395,826,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 56–57</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, almost ovate, with rounded to truncate apex and straight or convex inner margin; tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557372CC03FA1F492D" box="[1357,1428,826,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
) with base expanded, broader than stem of apex, and broad triangular lateral arms; host
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F9557215CC6EFB1E490F" ID-CoL="5NML" box="[1066,1173,855,877]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Melastoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F9557215CC6EFB1E490F" box="[1066,1173,855,877]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Melastoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(length 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F955732ECC6EFADD490E" box="[1297,1366,855,876]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="6.1">6.1mm</quantity>
|
||
; heathland, disturbed ground, Malay Peninsula to Java and Borneo).......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F955732BCC4CFA1149E8" authority="Weber" authorityName="Weber" box="[1300,1434,885,906]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F955732BCC4CFAD349E8" box="[1300,1368,885,906]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">cyanea</emphasis>
|
||
Weber
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CCABFA174E7E" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CCABFA174E7E" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
- Anterior of clypeus smoother (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557437CCABFDC449C5" box="[520,591,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 14" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[187,1398,232,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 14. Head Altica species: 8, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 9. A. aenea (Sumatra); 10. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 11, A. caerulea (Olivier); 12, A. corrusca (Erichson); 13, A. cyanea Weber; 14, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245279/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), anterior edge flatter; elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557550CCABFC2349C5" box="[879,936,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually with short keel behind humerus; apicoventral depressions of penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95577E2CC96FDAF49A6" box="[477,548,943,964]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
) smooth, separated by broad flat ridge (ridge may be medially depressed at apex); vaginal palpi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557720CCF4FE044980" box="[287,399,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 50–51</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, almost conical, with obliquely truncate apex and concave inner margin; tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95572CCCCF4FAE94980" box="[1267,1378,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 35–36</figureCitation>
|
||
) with thin acute base, narrower than stem of apex, and small triangular or thin lateral arms; host
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F9557203CCD0FB22499D" box="[1084,1193,1001,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F9557203CCD0FB22499D" box="[1084,1193,1001,1023]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Polygonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(length 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F955731CCCD3FAE3499D" box="[1315,1384,1002,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3mm</quantity>
|
||
; wetlands, edge of rainforest, ditches; southeast Asia to Timor and New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557554CB3EFC394E7E" box="[875,946,1031,1052]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
)......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572F1CB3EFA174E7E" authority="Jacoby" authorityName="Jacoby" box="[1230,1436,1031,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Haltica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572F1CB3EFAC84E7F" box="[1230,1347,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">birmanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Jacoby)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="3096CDE3FFB8F95576A8CB1CFA174F3D" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CB1CFA104ECD" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CB1CFA104ECD" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
5(2) Elytra and prothoracic hypomeron duller, microreticulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955752CCB1CFCC44E58" box="[787,847,1061,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955759DCB1CFC634E58" box="[930,1000,1061,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 29" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1425,1447]" captionTargetBox="[160,1417,203,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[152,1435,193,1404]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 29. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 27, A. corrusca (Erichson); 28, A. cyanea Weber; 29, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245282/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly expanded from middle to apex, apicoventral grooves smooth-edged, lateral ventral ridges fewer, more oblique, subtending <90° at midline; tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557318CB7BFA1E4E35" box="[1319,1429,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 43–46</figureCitation>
|
||
) with base broader than shaft and without lateral spurs; palpal apodeme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95575AECB66FC744E16" box="[913,1023,1119,1140]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 58–61</figureCitation>
|
||
) broader, at least 1/3 width base of vaginal palp (length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A78A3FFB8F9557765CB44FE414EF0" box="[346,458,1149,1170]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="6.4" valueMax="7.2" valueMin="5.6">5.6–7.2mm</quantity>
|
||
; usually entirely dark bronze-green; host
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F9557567CB45FC544EF0" ID-CoL="5WJZ" box="[856,991,1148,1170]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Haloragaceae" genus="Myriophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F9557567CB45FC544EF0" box="[856,991,1148,1170]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Myriophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in wetlands;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557259CB44FB4B4EF0" box="[1126,1216,1149,1170]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, except southwest).......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572E8CBA0FA104ECD" authority="Blackburn" authorityName="Blackburn" box="[1239,1435,1177,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Haltica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572E8CBA0FAA94ECD" box="[1239,1314,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">gravida</emphasis>
|
||
(Blackburn)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDD546FFB8F95576A8CB8EFA174F3D" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<keyLead id="30937673FFB8F95576A8CB8EFA174F3D" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">
|
||
- Elytra and hypomeron shining, without microsculpture (but often soiled) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F955759CCB8EFC554EAE" box="[931,990,1207,1228]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[282,1294,206,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[266,1321,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Habitus Altica species: 1, A. aenea (Olivier) (Australia); 2. A. aenea (Sumatra); 3. A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 4, A. caerulea (Olivier); 5, A. corrusca (Erichson); 6, A. cyanea Weber; 7, A. gravida (Blackburn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245278/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
); penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F9557210CB8EFB164EAE" box="[1071,1181,1207,1228]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[184,1415,282,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,265,1836]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Altica species, male genitalia (penis in ventral, dorsal and lateral view): 23, A. aenea (Olivier); 24, A. birmanensis (Jacoby); 25, A. caerulea (Olivier); 26, A. caerulea, lectotype of A. elongata (Jacoby)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245281/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 25–26</figureCitation>
|
||
) parallel-sided or broadest before apex, apicoventral depressions laterally sharp-edged, lateral ventral ridges more numerous, usually less oblique, subtending approximately 90° at midline; tignum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95574B7CBCBFD7C4F65" box="[648,759,1266,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 46" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 46. Altica species, female sternite VIII: 32, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 33. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 34, A. aenea (North Queensland, Australia); 35, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 36, A. birmanensis (Vietnam); 37, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 38, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 39, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 40, A. corrusca (Tasmania, Australia); 41, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 42, A. cyanea (West Java); 43, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Australia); 44, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 45, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 46, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 37–38</figureCitation>
|
||
) with base as narrow or narrower than shaft, with or without short lateral spurs; palpal apodeme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359C9C3FFB8F95577C7CA36FDE24F46" box="[504,617,1295,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 61" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1856]" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 61. Altica species, vaginal palpi: 47, A. aenea (Olivier) (Northern Territory, Australia); 48. A. aenea (New South Wales, Australia); 49, A. aenea (north Queensland, Australia); 50, A. birmanensis (Jacoby) (West Java); 51, A. birmanensis (West Java); 52, A. caerulea (Olivier) (Northern Territory); 53, A. caerulea (Torres Straits); 54, A. corrusca (Erichson) (New South Wales); 55, A. corrusca (Tasmania); 56, A. cyanea Weber (lectotype, Sumatra); 57, A. cyanea (West Java); 58, A. gravida (Blackburn) (Victoria, Austrlalia); 59, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 60, A. gravida (eastern New South Wales); 61, A. gravida (western New South Wales). Drawn to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Figs 52–53</figureCitation>
|
||
) narrower, <1/3 width base of palp (length 5.6–7.0mm; entirely dark blue [typical colour in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557702CA14FE144F20" box="[317,415,1325,1346]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
], purplish, or dark green, or bicoloured [common in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95575A8CA14FC7F4F20" box="[919,1012,1325,1346]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
], with contrasting pronotum and elytra; host
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95576DECA70FEB74F3D" box="[225,316,1353,1375]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Ludwigia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95576DECA70FEB74F3D" box="[225,316,1353,1375]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Ludwigia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in wetlands; north & east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F9557401CA73FD1D4F3D" box="[574,662,1354,1375]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to 29°S, southeast Asia to New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37595D6FFB8F95575F3CA73FB984F3D" box="[972,1043,1354,1375]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
)................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62AEC5FFB8F95572D1CA70FA174F3D" authority="Olivier" authorityName="Olivier" box="[1262,1436,1353,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Altica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9160954FFB8F95572D1CA70FAC94F3D" box="[1262,1346,1353,1375]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="513">caerulea</emphasis>
|
||
(Olivier)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |