222 lines
36 KiB
XML
222 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="C8A4C6732A8A5B9F7600FA3B6AF086F9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.276087" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38eecf64-5305-459a-8a52-a55b1a23153e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="276087" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460292765585" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Almeida-Silva, Lina M., Griswold, Charles E. & Brescovit, Antonio D." docDate="2010" docId="03CB1965721FFFF7FF5BB1D6FAAFF8BF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02630p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2630" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pandava shiva Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFF2611D7212FFE6FFCCB71DFFCBFF85" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Asian spider genus Pandava Lehtinen (Araneae: Titanoecidae): description of five new species and first record of Titanoecidae from Africa" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="30" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698251703918" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="F3AE7B49DBC687E6AEFFC888234F80BA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="306344F186956D0667AA9187A95752BB">
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<mods:title id="5771237141A34F500400D2BFF8C32BB3">Revision of the Asian spider genus Pandava Lehtinen (Araneae: Titanoecidae): description of five new species and first record of Titanoecidae from Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9CFCFCD72D6C7BC29598B189A383D883" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1A26EEA63AAF07EA15B1B4C9B938B663">
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<mods:roleTerm id="008FA1748EE83FCC85FD5AD39B53C591">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D4F820C29F8BF81F1C2131172B79F15B">Almeida-Silva, Lina M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E5BEAEB5D734F2F79073547BC9E3041D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="723C93C330F8D9FA0984B48C2355AFCC">Griswold, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="208084E12FE9EFE6A8CAB4CBB2F78E29" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="68F6BCF809E14094160DC55EB03996B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="40936C35BB6D57FA7FD5ECF209FEE01C">Brescovit, Antonio D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="399CAF782AB53C2B8755CF36C71FBE96">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="40EAA2AA8BBEFDE34F7D234B8932145C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A3557BD6AF5D1FB92DFA1585FE84E700">
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<mods:date id="34FDC394E25FF9F5402F6E4D3D86B23A">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DB3D2EDE587063B5D9B81B13CEB15DDD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B91B6BD4FBF8C0BE769530338550605F">2630</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="63551E7CB69819DDE0FF07F9B9CCA030">56</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="3E467CD6364A388436E57356E4E44B77">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="02048AC9391C7B40C157193592A92F9D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.276087</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D2B8C03B10006380CC4A03A64031C20B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CB1965721FFFF7FF5BB1D6FAAFF8BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211651" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119398935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211651" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB1965721FFFF7FF5BB1D6FAAFF8BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB1965721FFFF7FF5BB1D6FAAFF8BF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C378FBF8721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FEDDF88D" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FE67F960" blockId="13.[151,428,1739,1800]" box="[151,428,1739,1765]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0951F1F721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FE67F960" bold="true" box="[151,428,1739,1765]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FE67F960" bold="true" box="[151,428,1739,1765]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FE8CF960" ID-CoL="4CBFP" box="[151,327,1739,1765]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721FFFEBFF5BB1D6FE8CF960" bold="true" box="[151,327,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">Pandava shiva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A225C91A721FFFEBFE83B1D6FE67F960" box="[335,428,1739,1765]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721FFFEBFF5BB1F3FEDDF88D" blockId="13.[151,428,1739,1800]" box="[151,278,1774,1800]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721FFFEBFF5BB1F3FEDDF88D" box="[151,278,1774,1800]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 58 – 63" captionStart-1="FIGURES 64 – 69" captionStart-2="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStart-3="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStart-4="FIGURES 78 – 83" captionStartId-0="15.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,273,1922,1946]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,273,1929,1953]" captionStartId-4="19.[151,271,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,269,1714]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,455,1900]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetBox-3="[188,1392,194,1901]" captionTargetBox-4="[173,1416,194,1592]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[151,1436,269,1715]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[151,1436,455,1901]" captionTargetId-2="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetId-3="figure@18.[188,1393,194,1903]" captionTargetId-4="figure@19.[173,1417,194,1593]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 58 – 63. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ (CASENT 9032827, India). 58. DTA from male right palp, dorsal view; 59. Ditto, anterior view; 60. Ditto, prolateral view; 61. Male right palp bulb, ventral view; 62. Ditto frontal view; 63. Ditto retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; E—Embolus; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT— Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; ST—Subtegulum; T—Tegulum; TF— Tegular furrow." captionText-1="FIGURES 64 – 69. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, India; CASENT 9032826; Pakistan). 64. Female chelicerae, retrolateral view; 65. Ditto, detail of stridulatory setae; 66. Female left palpal femur, prolateral view; 67. Ditto, detail of stridulatory files; 68. Male right palpal femur, prolateral view; 69. Ditto, detail of stridulatory file." captionText-2="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." captionText-3="FIGURES 75 – 77. Pandava shiva sp. nov. Ψ (CASENT 9032826, Pakistan). 75. Vulva, dorsal view; 76. Ditto, left spermatheca and copulatory duct; 77. Ditto, right spermatheca lateral view. Primary pore indicated by black circles. Abbreviations: CD—Copulatory duct; FD—Fertilization duct; S—Spermathecae." captionText-4="FIGURES 78 – 83. Pandava shiva sp. nov., Ψ, (CASENT 9032826, Pakistan). 78. Spinnerets, posterior overview; 79. Left spinnerets; 80. Cribellate spigots; 81. Anterior lateral spinneret, left; 82. Posterior median spinneret, left; 83. Posterior lateral spinneret, right. Abbreviations: AC—Aciniform gland spigot; ALS—Anterior lateral spinnerets; CY— Cylindrical gland spigot; MAP—Major ampullate gland spigot; mAP—Minor ampullate gland spigot; PC—Paracribellar gland spigot; PI—Piriform gland spigot; PLS—Posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS—Posterior median spinnerets." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/276098/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/276099/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/276101/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/276102/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">Fig. 58–83</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C378FBF8721FFFEBFF5BB025FE84F846" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721FFFEBFF5BB025FE84F846" blockId="13.[151,1436,1848,1987]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721FFFEBFF5BB025FE80F8D7" bold="true" box="[151,331,1848,1874]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">
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<typeStatus id="54D916D1721FFFEBFF5BB025FF19F8D7" box="[151,210,1848,1874]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54D916D1721FFFEBFE99B024FE09F8D6" box="[341,450,1849,1875]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male and
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<typeStatus id="54D916D1721FFFEBFDF2B024FD68F8D6" box="[574,675,1849,1875]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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female from Rajasthan, Keoladeonati park,
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<collectingCountry id="F375E8E3721FFFEBFB63B024FB25F8D6" box="[1199,1262,1849,1875]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFDC8EB3721FFFEBFB37B024FA5CF8D6" box="[1275,1431,1849,1875]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" value="1989-12-03" valueMax="1989-12-05" valueMin="1989-12-03">3-5.XII.1989</date>
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, V. and B. Roth, deposited in
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<collectionCode id="ED7330B6721FFFEBFE2BB043FDEBF8FD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[487,544,1886,1912]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">CAS</collectionCode>
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(CASENT 9032827 and 9032830, respectively).
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<typeStatus id="54D916D1721FFFEBFBAFB043FB02F8FD" box="[1123,1225,1886,1912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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female from
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<quantity id="4C9A0596721FFFEBFAA4B043FA57F8FD" box="[1384,1436,1886,1912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
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Northwest of Kharian (elev.
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<quantity id="4C9A0596721FFFEBFE3CB09EFDF3F818" box="[496,568,1923,1949]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="350.0">350m</quantity>
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), W
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<collectingCountry id="F375E8E3721FFFEBFDBEB09EFD10F818" box="[626,731,1923,1949]" name="Pakistan" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFDC8EB3721FFFEBFD2BB09EFCB7F818" box="[743,892,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="43" value="1961-12-14">14.XII.1961</date>
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, E. S. Ross & D. Q. Cavagnaro, deposited in
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<collectionCode id="ED7330B6721FFFEBFF5BB0B4FF1EF846" box="[151,213,1961,1987]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="13" pageNumber="43">IBSP</collectionCode>
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(156973).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF1DF8FB721CFFE8FF5BB22CFF25FA6D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276097/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[160,1432,199,1304]" targetPageId="14">
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721CFFE8FF5BB22CFF25FA6D" blockId="14.[151,1437,1329,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FF5BB22CFEA2FACC" bold="true" box="[151,361,1329,1353]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">FIGURES 53–57.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721CFFE8FEBDB22FFD96FACC" box="[369,605,1330,1353]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunanensis">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FEBDB22FFD96FACC" box="[369,605,1330,1353]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Pandava hunanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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♂ and Ψ, (paratypes, Hunan). 53. Male left palp, dorsal view; 54. Ditto, retrolateral view; 55. Ditto, ventral view; 56. Female epigynum, ventral view; 57. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CO—Copulatory opening; E—Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MA—Median apophysis; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT— Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TP—Tegular process.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C378FBF8721CFFE8FF0AB10BFDD4F9D3" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721CFFE8FF0AB10BFDD4F9D3" blockId="14.[151,1437,1558,2033]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FF0AB10BFE98F9B5" bold="true" box="[198,339,1558,1584]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is a noun in apposition referring to the Hindu God
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721CFFE8FB62B10AFB38F9B4" box="[1198,1267,1559,1585]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva" status="sp. nov.">Shiva</taxonomicName>
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, which means the “Auspicious one” in Sanskrit.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C378FBF8721CFFE8FF09B17CFC49F96E" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDDA873721CFFE8FF09B17CFC49F96E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1558,2033]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FF09B17CFE8EF9FE" bold="true" box="[197,325,1633,1659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721CFFE8FE80B17CFE32F9FF" box="[332,505,1633,1658]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva">
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<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FE80B17CFE32F9FF" box="[332,505,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Pandava shiva</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721CFFE8FD59B17CFCFDF9FF" box="[661,822,1633,1658]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunanensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FD59B17CFCFDF9FF" box="[661,822,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">P. hunanensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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in the more anteriorly curved PLT (
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<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FB10B17CFAA1F9FE" box="[1244,1386,1633,1659]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 – 63" captionStartId="15.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,269,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,269,1715]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 58 – 63. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ (CASENT 9032827, India). 58. DTA from male right palp, dorsal view; 59. Ditto, anterior view; 60. Ditto, prolateral view; 61. Male right palp bulb, ventral view; 62. Ditto frontal view; 63. Ditto retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; E—Embolus; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT— Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; ST—Subtegulum; T—Tegulum; TF— Tegular furrow." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276098/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Figs. 58–60</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FABBB17CFF71F924" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">70, 72</figureCitation>
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); MLT with enlarged base and hyaline plate with five projections (
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<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FC24B19AFBB0F924" box="[1000,1147,1671,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 – 63" captionStartId="15.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,269,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,269,1715]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 58 – 63. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ (CASENT 9032827, India). 58. DTA from male right palp, dorsal view; 59. Ditto, anterior view; 60. Ditto, prolateral view; 61. Male right palp bulb, ventral view; 62. Ditto frontal view; 63. Ditto retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; E—Embolus; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT— Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; ST—Subtegulum; T—Tegulum; TF— Tegular furrow." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276098/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Figs. 58–60</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FB45B19AFB67F924" box="[1161,1196,1671,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">70</figureCitation>
|
||
); median apophysis absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FF3EB1B1FE4BF943" box="[242,384,1708,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 – 63" captionStartId="15.[151,271,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,269,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,269,1715]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 58 – 63. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ (CASENT 9032827, India). 58. DTA from male right palp, dorsal view; 59. Ditto, anterior view; 60. Ditto, prolateral view; 61. Male right palp bulb, ventral view; 62. Ditto frontal view; 63. Ditto retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; E—Embolus; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT— Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; ST—Subtegulum; T—Tegulum; TF— Tegular furrow." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276098/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Figs. 61–63</figureCitation>
|
||
) on the male palp; epigynum with short distance between the epigynal rims (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FAC0B1B1FAAAF943" box="[1292,1377,1708,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
) and posterior border of median field pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721CFFE8FDB0B1CCFD1AF96E" box="[636,721,1745,1771]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C378FBF8721CFFF7FF09B1EBFCFCF96A" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA873721CFFE9FF09B1EBFB9FFF52" blockId="14.[151,1437,1558,2033]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,152,215]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9167461721CFFE8FF09B1EBFE96F895" bold="true" box="[197,349,1782,1808]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D916D1721CFFE8FE7CB1EAFDD6F894" box="[432,541,1783,1809]" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Coloration: carapace brown to yellowish with cephalic area and chelicerae dark brown. Leg I and femora II–IV brown, other articles pale brown. Abdomen brown. Total length 4.60. Carapace 2.08 long; 1.28 wide; 0.63 high. Clypeus 0.13 high. Abdomen 2.40 long; 1.52 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08; ALE 0.13; PME 0.10; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.10; AME–ALE 0.10; PME– PME 0.13; PME–PLE 0.20; AME–PME 0.11; ALE–PLE 0.06. Chelicerae 1.13 long. Leg measurements: I: femur 2.18/ patella 0.90/ tibia 2.02/ metatarsus 1.68/ tarsus 0.78/ total 7.56; II: 1.88/ 0.78/ 1.75/ 1.10/ 0.73/ 6.23; III: 1.59/ 0.50/ 1.28/ 1.06/ 0.56/ 4.99; IV: 1.78/ 0.65/ 1.55/ 1.63/ 0.58/ 6.18. Leg formula 1243. Leg spination: femur I: p1ap; metatarsus III and IV: p1ap, r1ap. Male tibial crack and distally curved setae absent. Palpal femur stridulatory file with a high density of round granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F6721DFFE9FC7BB7A0FB8CFF52" box="[951,1095,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 64 – 69" captionStartId="16.[151,273,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,455,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,455,1901]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 64 – 69. Pandava shiva sp. nov., ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, India; CASENT 9032826; Pakistan). 64. Female chelicerae, retrolateral view; 65. Ditto, detail of stridulatory setae; 66. Female left palpal femur, prolateral view; 67. Ditto, detail of stridulatory files; 68. Male right palpal femur, prolateral view; 69. Ditto, detail of stridulatory file." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276099/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">Figs. 68–69</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1DF8FB721DFFE9FF5BB1D5FEF6F8DA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[151,1436,269,1714]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA873721DFFE9FF5BB1D5FEF6F8DA" blockId="15.[151,1437,1736,1887]" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9167461721DFFE9FF5BB1D5FEABF965" bold="true" box="[151,352,1736,1760]" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">FIGURES 58–63.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F0721DFFE9FEABB1D5FDC3F95A" box="[359,520,1736,1759]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9167461721DFFE9FEABB1D5FDC3F95A" box="[359,520,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">Pandava shiva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9167461721DFFE9FDC3B1D5FDADF965" bold="true" box="[527,614,1736,1760]" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A225C91A721DFFE9FDC3B1D5FDADF965" box="[527,614,1736,1760]" pageId="15" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, ♂ (CASENT 9032827, India). 58. DTA from male right palp, dorsal view; 59. Ditto, anterior view; 60. Ditto, prolateral view; 61. Male right palp bulb, ventral view; 62. Ditto frontal view; 63. Ditto retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; E—Embolus; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT— Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; ST—Subtegulum; T—Tegulum; TF— Tegular furrow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA873721DFFF6FF09B090FDB1FE17" blockId="15.[151,1436,1933,2034]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,152,402]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Female (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D916D1721DFFE9FEE1B090FE51F822" box="[301,410,1933,1959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Coloration: carapace brown. Cephalic area and chelicerae dark brown. Legs I and II brown, III and IV pale brown. Abdomen brown to grayish. Total length 4.85. Carapace 2.16 long; 1.31 wide; 1.10 high. Clypeus 0.12 high. Abdomen 2.76 long; 1.80 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08; ALE 0.12; PME 0.09; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.10; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.16; PME–PLE 0.29; AME–PME 0.10; ALE–PLE 0.03. Chelicerae 0.75 long. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.59/ patella 0.72/ tibia 1.41/ metatarsus 1.28/ tarsus 0.66/ total 5.66; II: 1.34/ 0.66/ 1.22/ 0.91/ 0.53/ 4.66; III: 1.28/ 0.59/ 0.94/ 0.84/ 0.48/ 4.14; IV: 1.44/ 0.69/ 1.28/ 0.78/ 0.34/ 4.53. Leg formula 1243. Spines and distally curved setae absent. Epigynum internally with membranous copulatory ducts, a single and elongated spermatheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F67202FFF6FB31B630FA45FEC2" box="[1277,1422,301,327]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStart-1="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStartId-0="17.[151,272,1482,1506]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,273,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1432,216,1430]" captionTargetBox-1="[188,1392,194,1901]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,208,1437]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[188,1393,194,1903]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGURES 70 – 74. Pandava shiva sp. nov. ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process." captionText-1="FIGURES 75 – 77. Pandava shiva sp. nov. Ψ (CASENT 9032826, Pakistan). 75. Vulva, dorsal view; 76. Ditto, left spermatheca and copulatory duct; 77. Ditto, right spermatheca lateral view. Primary pore indicated by black circles. Abbreviations: CD—Copulatory duct; FD—Fertilization duct; S—Spermathecae." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/276101/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">Figs. 74–77</figureCitation>
|
||
), junction between copulatory duct and spermatheca enlarged. Giant pore absent, primary pore located in the middle of the spermatheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359B4F67202FFF6FE11B665FDA6FE17" box="[477,621,376,402]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStartId="18.[151,273,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[188,1392,194,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[188,1393,194,1903]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 75 – 77. Pandava shiva sp. nov. Ψ (CASENT 9032826, Pakistan). 75. Vulva, dorsal view; 76. Ditto, left spermatheca and copulatory duct; 77. Ditto, right spermatheca lateral view. Primary pore indicated by black circles. Abbreviations: CD—Copulatory duct; FD—Fertilization duct; S—Spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276101/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">Figs. 75–77</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1DF8FB7202FFF6FF5BB09FFABCF85F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276099/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="46" targetBox="[151,1436,455,1900]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA8737202FFF6FF5BB09FFABCF85F" blockId="16.[151,1437,1922,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617202FFF6FF5BB09FFEADF81F" bold="true" box="[151,358,1922,1946]" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">FIGURES 64–69.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F07202FFF6FEA1B09EFDD8F81F" box="[365,531,1923,1946]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617202FFF6FEA1B09EFDD8F81F" box="[365,531,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">Pandava shiva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617202FFF6FDD7B09FFDBEF81F" bold="true" box="[539,629,1922,1946]" pageId="16" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A225C91A7202FFF6FDD7B09FFDBEF81F" box="[539,629,1922,1946]" pageId="16" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, ♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, India; CASENT 9032826; Pakistan). 64. Female chelicerae, retrolateral view; 65. Ditto, detail of stridulatory setae; 66. Female left palpal femur, prolateral view; 67. Ditto, detail of stridulatory files; 68. Male right palpal femur, prolateral view; 69. Ditto, detail of stridulatory file.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1DF8FB7203FFF7FF5BB2D7FC7BF904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276100/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[157,1432,216,1430]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA8737203FFF7FF5BB2D7FC7BF904" blockId="17.[151,1437,1482,1665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FF5BB2D7FEA9FA67" bold="true" box="[151,354,1482,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">FIGURES 70–74.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62D3F07203FFF7FEA6B2D7FDC7FA64" box="[362,524,1482,1505]" class="Arachnida" family="Titanoecidae" genus="Pandava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiva" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FEA6B2D7FDC7FA64" box="[362,524,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">Pandava shiva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FDDFB2D7FDA7FA67" bold="true" box="[531,620,1482,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A225C91A7203FFF7FDDFB2D7FDA7FA67" box="[531,620,1482,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
♂ and Ψ (CASENT 9032827, 9032826, India and Pakistan). 70. Male left palp, dorsal view; 71. Ditto, retrolateral view; 72. Ditto, ventral view; 73. Epigynum, ventral view; 74. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CB—Cymbium; CD—Copulatory duct; CF—Cymbial furrow; CO—Copulatory openings; E— Embolus; ER—Epigynal rim; FD—Fertilization duct; MF—Median field; MLT—Median lobe of tibial apophysis; PLT—Prolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; RLT—Retrolateral lobe of tibial apophysis; S—Spermathecae; SD—Sinuous depression; ST—Subtegulum; TF—Tegular furrow; TP—Tegular process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA8737203FFF7FF09B1ADFCFCF96A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1712,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FF09B1ADFE8BF94F" bold="true" box="[197,320,1712,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Length (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6463FA7203FFF7FE60B1ADFDF8F94F" box="[428,563,1712,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
|
||
): total 4.00–6.30; carapace 2.19–2.65; femur I 1.60–2.16.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FF09B1C8FDDAF96A" bold="true" box="[197,529,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Asia:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F375E8E37203FFF7FD91B1C8FD52F96A" box="[605,665,1749,1775]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F375E8E37203FFF7FD1FB1C8FCFCF96A" box="[723,823,1749,1775]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C378FBF87203FFF7FF09B1E7FAAFF8BF" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDDA8737203FFF7FF09B1E7FAAFF8BF" blockId="17.[151,1437,1712,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FF09B1E7FD91F891" bold="true" box="[197,602,1786,1812]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F375E8E37203FFF7FDAFB1E7FD39F891" box="[611,754,1786,1812]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">PAKISTAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91674617203FFF7FCCAB1E6FC76F891" box="[774,957,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F375E8E37203FFF7FCCAB1E6FC73F891" box="[774,952,1787,1812]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">West Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A05967203FFF7FC09B1E7FC35F891" box="[965,1022,1786,1812]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
northwest Kharian (elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A05967203FFF7FA88B1E7FA44F891" box="[1348,1423,1786,1812]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="350.0">350m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFDC8EB37203FFF7FF5BB03DFEE2F8BF" box="[151,297,1824,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="47" value="1961-12-14">14.XII.1961</date>
|
||
, E. S. Ross and D. Q. Cavagnaro (CASENT 9032826, 9 Ψ, 2 immatures;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7330B67203FFF7FB49B03DFB08F8BF" box="[1157,1219,1824,1850]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="17" pageNumber="47">IBSP</collectionCode>
|
||
156974, 2Ψ).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |