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<mods:title id="CA0A1E949E761E43B7542C9B3A6DBECB">A phylogenetic study of Chinese Velarifictorus Randell, 1964 based on COI gene with describing one new species (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF8382CF1E1BE20AAC5F99F" ID-CoL="6Y6XV" authority="(Saussure, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[151,481,1568,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micado">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BE20AAC5F99F" bold="true" box="[151,481,1568,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BE20AB83F99F" bold="true" box="[151,167,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1C3BE20AA28F99F" bold="true" box="[181,268,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">micado</emphasis>
(
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF8382CF1E1BE64A920F9DF" ID-CoL="6Y6XV" authority="Saussure, 1877" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,516,1636,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micado">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BE64AA41F9DF" box="[151,357,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Scapsipedus micado</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE68EAFFF8382CF01DBE64A920F9DF" author="Saussure, H." box="[363,516,1636,1658]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" pagination="194" refId="ref3553" refString="Saussure, H. (1877) Melanges orthopterologiques V: Gryllides. Mem. Soc Phys. d'Hist. Nat. Geneve, 25, 194." type="journal article" year="1877">Saussure, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BE83AA05F93C" box="[151,289,1667,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Ƒelarifictorus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF8382CF051BE83A922F93C" ID-CoL="6Y6XV" authority="Randell, 1964" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[295,518,1667,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micado">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF051BE83AA56F93C" box="[295,370,1667,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">micado</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE68EAFFF8382CF00EBE83A922F93C" author="Randell, R. L." box="[376,518,1667,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" pagination="1565 - 1607" refId="ref3459" refString="Randell, R. L. (1964) The male genitalia in Gryllinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and a tribal revision. The Canadian Entomologist, 96 (12), 1565 - 1607. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 961565 - 12" type="journal article" year="1964">Randell, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF8382CF1E1BEA2A922F91D" ID-CoL="8PBV7" authority="Chopard, 1933" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,518,1698,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Gryllus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latefasciatus">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BEA2AA4DF91D" box="[151,361,1698,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Gryllus latefasciatus</emphasis>
Chopard, 1933
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syn.
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<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1E1BEE1AAA1F95F" bold="true" box="[151,389,1761,1786]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Material examined.</emphasis>
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, coll. HE Zhu- Qing;
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<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF8382CF1B1BF45AA79F8FB" bold="true" box="[199,349,1861,1886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF8382CF018BF45AA94F8FB" box="[366,432,1861,1886]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">China</collectingCountry>
(
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<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF8382CF5A3BF45AE03F8FB" box="[1237,1319,1861,1886]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF8382CF44BBF45AEBCF8FB" box="[1341,1432,1861,1886]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF8382CF1E1BF67AA23F825" box="[151,263,1895,1920]" country="China" name="Shandong" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Shandong</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF8382CF064BF67AA45F825" box="[274,353,1895,1920]" country="China" name="Shanxi" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Shanxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF8382CF01ABF67AAE3F825" box="[364,455,1895,1920]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF8382CF0A7BF67A900F825" box="[465,548,1895,1920]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang),
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF8382CF238BF68A8ABF8DA" box="[846,911,1896,1919]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF8382CF2ECBF68A8C4F8DA" box="[922,992,1896,1919]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF8382CF29CBF67AF6EF825" box="[1002,1098,1895,1920]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Sulawesi and North America.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF104593FFF9382DF1E1BD8FA9EBFA61" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614881/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" startId="5.[151,250,1423,1445]" targetBox="[156,1439,203,1389]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD0151BFFF9382DF1E1BD8FA9EBFA61" blockId="5.[151,1436,1423,1476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF1E1BD8FAA37FA01" bold="true" box="[151,275,1423,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Facial morphology and male genitalia of
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF3C8BD90A9EEFA00" box="[702,714,1424,1445]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Ƒ</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF9382DF3A1BD8FA86DFA00" authorityName="Chen &amp; Shen &amp; Liu &amp; Liao &amp; He" authorityYear="2018" box="[727,841,1423,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dianxiensis">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF3A1BD8FA86DFA00" box="[727,841,1423,1445]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">dianxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Sexual dimorphism in the frons: a, male; b, female. Male genitalia: c, dorsal view; d, ventral view; e, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD0151BFFF9382DF1B1BE14AE6CF950" blockId="5.[151,1437,1556,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF1B1BE14AA22F988" bold="true" box="[199,262,1556,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Note.</emphasis>
This species is widely distributed in
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF9382DF3CBBE14A824F988" box="[701,768,1556,1581]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">China</collectingCountry>
and common in artificial environments, such as fields or parks, but is not common in natural environments such as mountains. In northern
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF9382DF55CBE36AF54F9EA" box="[1066,1136,1590,1615]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">China</collectingCountry>
, the crickets are univoltine and they overwinter as eggs, which is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF9382DF3B7BE58A864F9CA" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[705,832,1624,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersus">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF3B7BE58A9EAF9CA" box="[705,718,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF3A8BE58A864F9CA" box="[734,832,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">aspersus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter species prefers mountains. In southern
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF9382DF1E1BE78ABF9F934" box="[151,221,1656,1681]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">China</collectingCountry>
, they are bivoltine or polyvoltine, and overwinter as nymphs. The different life cycle has been observed in
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF9382DF1E1BE9AABDFF916" box="[151,251,1690,1715]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
Prov.,
<collectingCountry id="F378558BFFF9382DF03CBE9AAAB4F916" box="[330,400,1690,1715]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">China</collectingCountry>
, but individuals belonging to different life cycles do not mate with each other (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE68EAFFF9382DF473BE9AABF5F971" author="He, Z. - Q. &amp; Takeda, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="504" pagination="1" refId="ref3033" refString="He, Z. - Q. &amp; Takeda, M. (2013) Discrete modes of life cycle in Velarifictorus micado species complex (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). ISRN Entomology, 2013, 1 ¨ C 5. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 2013 / 851581" type="journal article" year="2013">He &amp; Takeda 2013</bibRefCitation>
) and retain their own cycles. Thus, in
<collectingRegion id="49ABDBF9FFF9382DF3F3BEBBA9C8F971" box="[645,748,1723,1748]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, the adult niche is: in summer,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF9382DF53BBEBCAF98F976" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[1101,1212,1723,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micado">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF53BBEBCAF7EF976" box="[1101,1114,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF51FBEBBAF98F976" box="[1129,1212,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">micado</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(nymph overwinter
<typeStatus id="54D4ABB9FFF9382DF1E1BEDDABEDF950" box="[151,201,1757,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">type</typeStatus>
) in mountains; and in autumn,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF9382DF350BEDEA9B7F950" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[550,659,1757,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micado">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF350BEDEA917F950" box="[550,563,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF337BEDDA9B7F950" box="[577,659,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">micado</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(egg overwinter
<typeStatus id="54D4ABB9FFF9382DF222BEDDA8A2F950" box="[852,902,1757,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">type</typeStatus>
) in plains and
<taxonomicName id="4C6F6E98FFF9382DF55CBEDEAF8CF950" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[1066,1192,1758,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersus">
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF55CBEDEAF13F950" box="[1066,1079,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">V</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B91BC909FFF9382DF530BEDEAF8CF950" box="[1094,1192,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">aspersus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in mountains.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>