186 lines
15 KiB
XML
186 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739808" approvalRequired="13" approvalRequired_for_treatments="13" checkinTime="1585778501182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03BD87A2C66AA218FF5CF7A2FD465305" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hipposideros hypophyllus Kock & Bhat 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="255" masterDocId="FF84FFDAC676A204FFF8FF9AFFEF4346" masterDocTitle="Hipposideridae" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="255" updateTime="1658321659381" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>227</mods:start>
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<mods:end>258</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3739808</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810882" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163433776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87A2C66AA218FF5CF7A2FD465305" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87A2C66AA218FF5CF7A2FD465305" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<heading pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<subSubSection box="[164,241,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[161,1554,2103,2265]" box="[164,241,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<figureCitation box="[164,241,2104,2165]" captionStart="Plate 19: Hipposideridae" captionStartId="26.[167,210,4414,4443]" captionTargetBox="[0,3699,0,4866]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="67. Timor Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros crumeniferus), 68. Bornean Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros doriae), 69. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros durgadasi), 70. Dayak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros dyacorum), 71. House-dwelling Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros einnaythu), 72. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros gentilis), 73. Fulvus Leaf-nosed (Bat Hipposiderosfulvus), 74. Thailand Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros halophyllus), 75. Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus), 76. Phou Khao Khouay Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros khaokhouayensis), 77. Kunz’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros kunzi), 78. Big-eared Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros macrobullotus), 79. Maggie Taylor’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros maggietaylorae), 80. Malayan Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nequam), 81. Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nicobarulae), 82. Philippine Forest Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros obscurus), 83. Orbiculus Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros orbiculus), 84. Biak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros papua), 85. Pomona Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pomona), 86. Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pygmaeus), 87. Ridley’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ridleyi), 88. Laotian Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros rotalis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3739818/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">75.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[266,856,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[161,1554,2103,2265]" box="[266,856,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<vernacularName box="[266,856,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[921,1554,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[161,1554,2103,2265]" box="[921,1554,2104,2165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock & Bhat" authorityYear="1994" box="[921,1554,2104,2165]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophyllus">
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<emphasis box="[921,1554,2104,2165]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Hipposideros hypophyllus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[161,1554,2103,2265]" box="[162,1416,2183,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[162,263,2185,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[276,541,2183,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Phyllorhine du Kolar</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[567,690,2185,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[702,966,2183,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Kolar-Rundblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[992,1116,2185,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1128,1416,2183,2210]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Hiposidérido de Kolar</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="28.[161,1554,2103,2265]" box="[161,1134,2236,2263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,494,2238,2263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[506,773,2236,2263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Kolar Roundleaf Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[789,1134,2236,2263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[981,1777,2337,2905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[981,1192,2337,2376]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Kock & Bhat, 1994" authorityName="Kock & Bhat" authorityYear="1994" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophyllus">Hipposideros hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[981,1777,2337,2905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3753598357" latitude="13.15" longitude="78.11667" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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“Hanumanahalli village,
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<quantity box="[985,1098,2441,2480]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
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E of Kolar Town,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1445,1615,2441,2480]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" precision="925" value="13.15">13°09’N-</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1615,1768,2441,2480]" degrees="78" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" precision="925" value="78.11667">78°07’E</geoCoordinate>
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, Kolar District]., Bangalore Region,
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<collectingRegion country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1130,1236,2548,2587]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">India</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[981,1777,2337,2905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock & Bhat" authorityYear="1994" box="[982,1419,2601,2640]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophyllus">Hipposideros hypophyllus</taxonomicName>
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was previously included in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[1281,1393,2654,2693]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
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species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6470445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6470445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6470445/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" startId="28.[161,292,2916,2955]" targetBox="[158,951,2339,2897]" targetPageId="28">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[981,1777,2337,2905]" lastBlockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[981,1220,2866,2905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to S
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<collectingCountry box="[1534,1636,2866,2905]" name="India" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">India</collectingCountry>
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(Kolar district,
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<collectingRegion box="[316,516,2916,2955]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
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), known only from type locality. Previously also on nearby Therahalli, where now absent.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[160,498,3021,3060]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 40-9—41-7 mm, tail 23-3-24-3 mm, ear 16-7-17-7 mm, hindfoot 6-7-6-9 mm, forearm 38-49 mm. Ears of the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat are broad. Noseleaf has two lateral supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf is smoothly rounded, with no emargination. Intemarial septum is broader at base and forms a narrow triangle at tip. Dorsal pelage is grayish brown or rufous brown; ventral area is white to fulvous-white. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,311,3339,3378]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical dry shrubland near villages and agricultural fields. The Kolar Leafnosed Bat can be found at elevations of up to
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<quantity box="[1025,1144,3390,3429]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="570.0">570 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[161,830,3445,3484]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" box="[161,830,3445,3484]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,513,3445,3484]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[161,1468,3498,3537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" box="[161,1468,3498,3537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,342,3498,3537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Pregnant and lactating females were found in late summer.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,475,3550,3589]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat was documented to accumulate fat in winter, suggesting it may use torpor in colder months. Entire known population of this species roosts in a narrow, inaccessible, subterranean cave on a monolithic granite hill. Echolocation call frequency is 103-105 kHz.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,1123,3761,3800]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat shares roosts with Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bats (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Khajuria" authorityYear="1970" box="[933,1172,3813,3852]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="durgadasi">H. durgadasi</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName box="[1204,1323,3813,3852]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulvus">Fulvus</taxonomicName>
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Leaf-nosed Bats {
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulvus">H. fulvus</taxonomicName>
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), and Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bats (
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<taxonomicName box="[902,1079,3865,3904]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speoris">H. speoris</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[162,628,3918,3957]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Critically Endangered on IUCNRed List. The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat is very rare and found in only one cave, with a population of less than 200 individuals. The major threat is habitat loss due to granite mining.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="255" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[159,1776,2916,4163]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[163,369,4082,4111]" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Chakravarty et al. (2016), Kock &
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<collectingRegion box="[862,929,4082,4111]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bafata" pageId="28" pageNumber="255">Bhat</collectingRegion>
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(1994), Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu & Kaur (2016), Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu, Kaur, Shah et al. (2014).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |