treatments-xml/data/03/B9/F5/03B9F52AC729FF8A04B62F2CF628F8EC.xml

365 lines
40 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="9E8ADCA1E1EDA74CEF37E9A9D765473F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746744" ID-ZooBank="F51D2CFF-49FF-4ED9-8A44-1FD0F1B10379" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726053386088" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aidek, Ahmad E., Saad, Adib, Jablonski, Daniel, Esterbauer, Hans &amp; Fritz, Uwe" docDate="2024" docId="03B9F52AC729FF8A04B62F2CF628F8EC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5506.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5506 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Mauremys caspica" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="FF808D52C725FF840421296BF408FFB5" masterDocTitle="Turtles and tortoises of Syria: Diversity, distribution, and conservation" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1726054415217" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="CDA3F09A229ADF03D431A5216D9122B6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F695943D7E4969AD047D88B1CD4878D0">
<mods:title id="4696027B5D5310CAAF5D602AD54ED471">Turtles and tortoises of Syria: Diversity, distribution, and conservation</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5E675AAF3BB5903F890BDB72493BD20C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="51C7469912CFFF56A57C698F4A30CBFC">
<mods:roleTerm id="F5F5055CCC34A9F6199EA667ECA1C85B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DB9F3D3575A3B36FE385DE8FB4830C3B">Aidek, Ahmad E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BAF0B2EC02ADFB5568647DC2D9728B78">General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Deir ez-Zor, Syria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8A842B25C4AF843D2D3775DB149E6782" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F482472D661A0B5E4D78CD746294D2CE">
<mods:roleTerm id="5F2623D9222F976D994F8E6C9336F9D5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="486EDE8726B6842D33083E11BA7005D0">Saad, Adib</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="46BAE97A8947F78DF9D5E1AA947BE894">Al-Manara University, Latakia, Syria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9A9945FEFE31BC510E135387B8CE6440" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E009501F8B1C3599419B55F406F4AC9F">
<mods:roleTerm id="17ECC4D7C3E77DD054DD62A210F9136D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F46E110EBC6DCABF77D1AE6767236BEC">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0DA8C4C0BE1EDFE7A3F33A6A91203567">Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="65B73B1CFCB0AF530ACF151030EB2798" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6E132596F942487902E71E5744026F1F">
<mods:roleTerm id="91E5AD14FFB5DBFA92EFBC5FB7BDC35F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="239049C02E29EA33F99EEE528DD88286">Esterbauer, Hans</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6DD4473BC2C9AA0A569D14F89E832B93">Johann-Puch-Strasse 27 / III / 5, 4400 Steyr, Austria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9315281700605463E74F99909D86E195" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D7C7C0EBD663481C207D54D768531E83">
<mods:roleTerm id="EF08F0679D6EE9894C1E3940CB0F5F55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E2D74F34A54EB7CE38C14CC9DAE95E57">Fritz, Uwe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3B850F84062A5190F6607006BC5063CC">Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Dresden, A. B. Meyer Building, 01109 Dresden, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1C4689A2225C09C69297C92E2BDE505D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="24FE9FEF8B0C3CC94481EB5768FB47ED" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0BB33A08859ECCD57EC6FB2431A74ECF">
<mods:title id="0A43941544860C90EC8D239E56D7BE73">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6F3B046C0219E5647467A6EF115B3208">
<mods:date id="DAF7271C905D36ABFA5FB839A7456EB0">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F47113FC9D064204C0C614C72233D632" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="AB57614BDD0C7854F571044ACF082658">2024-09-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6F493A1D8F95223A2F6800EEFFDDA261" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1E75BCFD4C242E065F56C95F11534733">5506</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="CFD72C90DC31E47DFB2F08240481562D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="07D3392EF4B664EEFBD10CE3171A55D2">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5801CFA20047906999A94D63A39EA2B1" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E558669DCEBE7B1C939385733BA4CE2A">151</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D209B97CEB999226317F55FE5E97540D">193</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="12BA3C7E90926361229E34FC6765A32C">
<mods:url id="C9025B7CA60B5BFECD0C59044C121053">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D73EC1C30757E1E4A34D0CAC921B0E4F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="04297EAA4CFCE3339A0F7F036B1AF0EA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AEE0D7F6B377566AE6F9B7C2452D940C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C61D003A511C2CFAC78CCF1B3AF97B65" type="Zenodo-Dep">13746744</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6FE5B4ABB21CE9532D4DEA26B7536250" type="ZooBank">F51D2CFF-49FF-4ED9-8A44-1FD0F1B10379</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B9F52AC729FF8A04B62F2CF628F8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC729FF8A04B62F2CF628F8EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9F52AC729FF8A04B62F2CF628F8EC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C729FF8804B62F2CF67AF930" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804B62F2CF632F9D4" blockId="12.[151,626,1607,1669]" box="[151,570,1607,1633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<heading id="D0E7F350C729FF8804B62F2CF632F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,570,1607,1633]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC729FF8804B62F2CF632F9D4" ID-CoL="3YFW8" authority="(Gmelin, 1774)" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[151,570,1607,1633]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804B62F2CF632F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,570,1607,1633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804B62F2CF571F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,377,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Mauremys caspica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC729FF8805A92F2CF63AF9D4" author="Gmelin, S. G." box="[392,562,1607,1633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" refId="ref15314" refString="Gmelin, S. G. (1774) Reise durch Russland zur Untersuchung der drey Natur-Reiche. Dritter Theil. Reise durch das nordliche Persien, in den Jahren 1770, 1771, bis im April 1772. Kayserliche Academie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, 508 pp." type="book" year="1774">Gmelin, 1774</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804B62F00F67AF930" blockId="12.[151,626,1607,1669]" box="[151,626,1643,1669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
Caspian Turtle, Caspian Terrapin (
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C729FF8806392F00F661F930" box="[536,617,1643,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1064,1088]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1041]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[151,1436,181,1041]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Caspian terrapins, Mauremys caspica. (A) Muhasan, Euphrates (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (B) Ayyash, Euphrates (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (C) Deir ez-Zor, Euphrates (photo: Abu Al-Abbas); (D) Nahr Al-Sajoor (photo: Zuhair Amr)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746772/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C729FF8804B62FD8F6BFF978" box="[151,695,1715,1742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804B62FD8F6BFF978" blockId="12.[151,1436,1715,1922]" box="[151,695,1715,1742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804B62FD8F5C9F978" bold="true" box="[151,449,1715,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">IUCN Red List Category</emphasis>
: Least Concern (LC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C729FF8A04E62FBCF4FBFAD4" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804E62FBCF026F944" blockId="12.[151,1436,1715,1922]" box="[199,1070,1751,1778]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C729FF8804E62FBCF022F944" box="[199,1066,1751,1778]" country="Azerbaijan" location="Azerbaijan" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804E62FBCF568F944" bold="true" box="[199,352,1751,1777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC729FF8804E62FBCF50AF944" box="[199,258,1751,1777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
: “Schmachie, Bach Pusahat” [Pirsagat, Shemakha],
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC729FF88078A2FBCF022F944" box="[939,1066,1751,1777]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804E62F90F562F88C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1715,1922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804E62F90F57EF8A0" bold="true" box="[199,374,1787,1813]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Type specimen</emphasis>
: Not located, specimen figured in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC729FF8806D62F90F79EF8A0" author="Gmelin, S. G." box="[759,918,1787,1813]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" refId="ref15314" refString="Gmelin, S. G. (1774) Reise durch Russland zur Untersuchung der drey Natur-Reiche. Dritter Theil. Reise durch das nordliche Persien, in den Jahren 1770, 1771, bis im April 1772. Kayserliche Academie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, 508 pp." type="book" year="1774">Gmelin (1774</bibRefCitation>
: plates 10, 11) designated as
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC729FF8800F92F90F137F8A0" box="[1240,1343,1787,1813]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC729FF8801462F90F56EF88C" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T." pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="223 - 260" refId="ref15001" refString="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T. (1997) Zur Systematik westasiatisch - sudosteuropaischer Bachschildkroten (Gattung Mauremys) (Reptilia: Testudines: Bataguridae). Zoologische Abhandlungen, 49, 223 - 260." type="journal article" year="1997">Fritz &amp; Wischuf (1997)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804E62E28F651F8E8" blockId="12.[151,1436,1715,1922]" box="[199,601,1859,1886]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804E62E28F54EF8E8" bold="true" box="[199,326,1859,1885]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Chorotype</emphasis>
: Turano-Mediterranean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC729FF8804E62E0CF030F834" blockId="12.[151,1436,1715,1922]" box="[199,1080,1895,1922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8804E62E0CF583F834" bold="true" box="[199,395,1895,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">First records for</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C729FF8805B22E0CF03BF834" box="[403,1075,1895,1922]" country="Syria" location="ar-Raqqa" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ar Raqqah">
<emphasis id="B964982EC729FF8805B22E0CF5DBF834" bold="true" box="[403,467,1895,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC729FF8805B22E0CF5DBF834" box="[403,467,1895,1921]" name="Syria" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Syria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Maskanah,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC729FF8806432E03F6C3F837" box="[610,715,1896,1922]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC729FF8806F72E0CF752F837" box="[726,858,1895,1922]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC729FF8807492E0CF023F834" author="Siebenrock, F." box="[872,1067,1895,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="171 - 225" refId="ref19218" refString="Siebenrock, F. (1913) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Expedition nach Mesopotamien, 1910. Schildkroten aus Syrien und Mesopotamien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 27, 171 - 225." type="journal article" year="1913">Siebenrock 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6F14B4C728FF8904B62C07F17BFA31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746770" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746770" box="[151,1395,1388,1412]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746770/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" startId="13.[151,250,1388,1412]" targetBox="[161,1429,191,1357]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC728FF8904B62C07F17BFA31" blockId="13.[151,1395,1388,1412]" box="[151,1395,1388,1412]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8904B62C07F516FA31" bold="true" box="[151,286,1388,1412]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC728FF8905B82C06F683FA31" box="[409,651,1388,1412]" class="Testudines" family="Emydidae" genus="Emys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="orbicularis" subSpecies="eiselti">
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8905B82C06F683FA31" box="[409,651,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Emys orbicularis eiselti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Syria. Black circle: vouchered previous record, red circle: new record.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC728FF8904E62CBDF7F7F935" blockId="13.[151,1437,1494,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8904E62CBDF589FA45" bold="true" box="[199,385,1494,1520]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Literature data</emphasis>
: Maskanah,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8906352CBCF675FA44" box="[532,637,1495,1521]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8906AB2CBDF718FA44" box="[650,784,1494,1521]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8907012CBDF7EBFA45" author="Siebenrock, F." box="[800,995,1494,1520]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="171 - 225" refId="ref19218" refString="Siebenrock, F. (1913) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Expedition nach Mesopotamien, 1910. Schildkroten aus Syrien und Mesopotamien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 27, 171 - 225." type="journal article" year="1913">Siebenrock 1913</bibRefCitation>
), Tell Al-Budeiry (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF89009A2CBDF4DAF9A1" author="Krupp, F. &amp; Schneider, W." pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="69 - 85" refId="ref16487" refString="Krupp, F. &amp; Schneider, W. (1991) Bestandserfassung der rezenten Fauna im Bereich des Nahr al-Habur. In: Kuhne, H. (Ed.), Die rezente Umwelt von Tall Seh Hamad und Daten zur Umweltrekonstruktion der assyrischen Stadt Dur-Katlimmu (Berichte der Ausgrabung von Tall Seh Hamad / Dur-Katlimmu 1). D. Reimer, Berlin, pp. 69 - 85." type="book chapter" year="1991">Krupp &amp; Schneider 1991</bibRefCitation>
), Ras Al-Ayn (N Al
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF89058D2C91F60AF9A1" box="[428,514,1530,1556]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Hasaka</collectingRegion>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF89062A2C90F69BF9A1" author="Krupp, F." box="[523,659,1530,1557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="26 - 33" refId="ref16464" refString="Krupp, F. (1992) The karst springs of Ras al-Ain. Aqua geographia, 1, 26 - 33." type="journal article" year="1992">Krupp 1992</bibRefCitation>
),
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C728FF8906842C91F6D4F9A1" box="[677,732,1530,1557]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N as-Suwar, Buhayrat Al-Asad (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8900632C91F4DBF98D" author="Lymberakis, R. &amp; Kalionzopoulou, A." pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="33 - 39" refId="ref16609" refString="Lymberakis, R. &amp; Kalionzopoulou, A. (2003) Additions to the herpetofauna of Syria. Zoology in the Middle East, 29, 33 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2003.10637967" type="journal article" year="2003">Lymberakis &amp; Kalionzopoulou 2003</bibRefCitation>
), Wadi Samum, Buhayrat Al-Khatuniyah, Wadi Furati, Tell Gunaidiya,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8907C72F74F047F98C" box="[998,1103,1567,1593]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8900792F75F0D3F98C" box="[1112,1243,1566,1593]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8900C62F75F4DBF9E9" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T." pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="223 - 260" refId="ref15001" refString="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T. (1997) Zur Systematik westasiatisch - sudosteuropaischer Bachschildkroten (Gattung Mauremys) (Reptilia: Testudines: Bataguridae). Zoologische Abhandlungen, 49, 223 - 260." type="journal article" year="1997">Fritz &amp; Wischuf 1997</bibRefCitation>
), Nahr Al-Sajoor (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8905802F29F650F9E9" author="Amr, Z. &amp; Shehab, A. &amp; Abu Baker, M." box="[417,600,1602,1628]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="21 - 26" refId="ref13174" refString="Amr, Z., Shehab, A. &amp; Abu Baker, M. (2007) Recent observations on the herpetofauna of Syria with notes on trade in reptiles. Herpetozoa, 20, 21 - 26." type="journal article" year="2007">
Amr
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8905FC2F28F61DF9E9" box="[477,533,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
), Haweijt Katee (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8907052F29F7A5F9E9" author="Aidek, E. A." box="[804,941,1602,1628]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" refId="ref12916" refString="Aidek, E. A. (2010) A Guide to the Biodiversity of Deir ez - Zor Area. Al-Quds House for Sciences, Damascus, 112 pp." type="book" year="2010">Aidek 2010</bibRefCitation>
), widespread along the Euphrates (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8901152F29F532F935" author="Murdoch, D. A. &amp; Aidek, A." pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="152 - 176" refId="ref16892" refString="Murdoch, D. A. &amp; Aidek, A. (2012) Birding sites of the OSME Region 8 - The birds of the lower Syrian Euphrates. Sandgrouse, 34, 152 - 176." type="journal article" year="2012">Murdoch &amp; Aidek 2012</bibRefCitation>
), Tell Sheikh Hamad (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8906122F0DF6E3F935" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Buschbom, J. &amp; Kami, H. G. &amp; Mazanaeva, L. F. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Auer, M. &amp; Rifai, L. &amp; Silic, T. &amp; Hundsdorfer, A. K." box="[563,747,1638,1664]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="527 - 540" refId="ref14605" refString="Fritz, U., Ayaz, D., Buschbom, J., Kami, H. G., Mazanaeva, L. F., Aloufi, A. A., Auer, M., Rifai, L., Silic, T. &amp; Hundsdorfer, A. K. (2008) Go East: Phylogeographies of Mauremys caspica and M. rivulata - Discordance of morphology, mitochondrial and nuclear genomic markers and rare hybridization. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 527 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1420 - 9101.2007.01485. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
Fritz
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8906502F0CF6A1F935" box="[625,681,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC728FF8906D72F0DF7FBF935" author="Vamberger, M. &amp; Stuckas, H. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Gracia, E. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Els, J. &amp; Mazanaeva, L. F. &amp; Kami, H. G. &amp; Fritz, U." box="[758,1011,1638,1664]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="77 - 85" refId="ref20717" refString="Vamberger, M., Stuckas, H., Ayaz, D., Gracia, E., Aloufi, A. A., Els, J., Mazanaeva, L. F., Kami, H. G. &amp; Fritz, U. (2013) Conservation genetics and phylogeography of the poorly known Middle Eastern terrapin Mauremys caspica (Testudines: Geoemydidae). Organisms, Diversity &amp; Evolution, 13, 77 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 012 - 0102 - 6" type="journal article" year="2013">
Vamberger
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8907562F0CF7B8F935" box="[887,944,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC728FF8904E62FE1F6BAF97D" blockId="13.[151,1437,1494,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8904E62FE1F5B9F911" bold="true" box="[199,433,1674,1700]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Museum specimens</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC728FF8905E02FE1F5F4F911" box="[449,508,1674,1700]" name="Syria" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Syria</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C728FF89062D2FE1F657F911" box="[524,607,1674,1700]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
73491, 73493, 73494),
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8907512FE1F7CAF911" box="[880,962,1674,1700]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
—Euphrates (
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C728FF89007F2FE1F0BDF911" box="[1118,1205,1674,1700]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">MNHN</collectionCode>
1881.397),
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8901612FE1F4B7F97C" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
(
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C728FF8904EF2FC5F51FF97D" box="[206,279,1710,1736]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">NMW</collectionCode>
29475:12, 29634:12, 29662:13).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC728FF8904E62FB9F766F959" blockId="13.[151,1437,1494,1773]" box="[199,878,1746,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B964982EC728FF8904E62FB9F5C6F959" bold="true" box="[199,462,1746,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Citizen science record</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC728FF8905FD2FB9F668F958" box="[476,608,1746,1773]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
(observation.org 2023).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6F14B4C72BFF8A04B62D43F131FBD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746772" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746772/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" startId="14.[151,250,1064,1088]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1041]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC72BFF8A04B62D43F131FBD0" blockId="14.[151,1436,1064,1125]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A04B62D43F52AFBF5" bold="true" box="[151,290,1064,1088]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Caspian terrapins,
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A05CA2D42F6A2FBF5" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[491,682,1065,1088]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05CA2D42F6A2FBF5" box="[491,682,1065,1088]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Mauremys caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A06E32D43F6DCFBF5" bold="true" box="[706,724,1064,1088]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">A</emphasis>
) Muhasan, Euphrates (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A009C2D42F0C6FBF4" bold="true" box="[1213,1230,1065,1089]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">B</emphasis>
) Ayyash, Euphrates (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05B02D27F5ABFBD1" bold="true" box="[401,419,1100,1124]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">C</emphasis>
) Deir ez-Zor, Euphrates (photo: Abu Al-Abbas); (
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A07812D26F7BAFBD0" bold="true" box="[928,946,1101,1125]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">D</emphasis>
) Nahr Al-Sajoor (photo: Zuhair Amr).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC72BFF8A04E62DDCF4FBFAD4" blockId="14.[151,1437,1207,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A04E62DDCF577FB64" bold="true" box="[199,383,1207,1233]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Recent records</emphasis>
: Abu Hardoub, Abu Kamal, Ain Arous, aj-Jawadiyeh, Al-Ashara, Ali Baljeyeh, Al-Boliel,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC72BFF8A04B62DB0F51AFB40" box="[151,274,1243,1269]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
, Al-Kasra, Al-Mayadin, Al-Mriiyah, Al-Qalteh, Al-Qamishli (Nahr Jaqjaq), Al-Qouriyah, Al-Qsupy, Al-Rheiat, Al-Shafa, Al-Shmeitiyeh, Ayyash, Buqruss, Buhayrat Al-Khatuniyah,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC72BFF8A00142D94F0B3FAAC" box="[1077,1211,1279,1305]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
, Ghandura, Hajeen, Hatla, Hazeimeh, Jarablus, Maadan, Muhasan,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC72BFF8A06892C48F719FA88" box="[680,785,1315,1341]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
, Rmeilah, Sbeikhan, Tabqah, Tell Tartab, Theiban, Tokhar Sagheir.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C72BFF8A04E62C00F09DFA1C" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC72BFF8A04E62C00F09DFA1C" blockId="14.[151,1437,1207,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A04E62C00F5C8FA31" bold="true" box="[199,448,1386,1413]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A05A12C01F5C8FA31" box="[384,448,1386,1412]" name="Syria" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Syria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Common and widespread along the Euphrates and its tributaries, Al-Sajoor, Al-Balikh, and Al-Khabour and in all suitable ponds in the northeast of Syrian Mesopotamia (
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C72BFF8A00152CE4F080FA1C" box="[1076,1160,1423,1449]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1385,1409]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,191,1357]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[151,1436,181,1361]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Records of Mauremys caspica in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circles: recently confirmed previous records, red circles: new records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746776/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C72BFF8A04E62CD8F628F8EC" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC72BFF8A04E62CD8F68CF8A4" blockId="14.[151,1437,1207,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A04E62CD8F53CFA78" bold="true" box="[199,308,1459,1485]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Remarks</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A05642CDFF610FA78" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[325,536,1460,1485]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05642CDFF610FA78" box="[325,536,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Mauremys caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread monotypic species, ranging from Central
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A00902CD8F119FA78" box="[1201,1297,1459,1485]" name="Turkey" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
through the interior of the Near and Middle East to
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A06742CBCF68DFA44" box="[597,645,1495,1521]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A06B12CBCF726FA44" box="[656,814,1495,1521]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A07482CBCF7F3FA44" box="[873,1019,1495,1521]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A002B2CBCF0A8FA44" author="TTWG &amp; Turtle Taxonomy Working Group" box="[1034,1184,1495,1521]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref20400" refString="TTWG [Turtle Taxonomy Working Group] (2021) Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9 th Ed.). Chelonian Research Monographs, 8, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.3854 / crm. 8. checklist. atlas. v 9.2021" type="journal article" year="2021">TTWG 2021</bibRefCitation>
). The three previously recognized subspecies (
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05812C97F63DF9A0" box="[416,565,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
M. c.
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A05FE2C97F63DF9A0" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[479,565,1532,1557]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">caspica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A06632C97F709F9A0" box="[578,769,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. c. siebenrocki</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A072F2C97F7FEF9A0" box="[782,1014,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. c. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
) have been synonymized (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A01012C90F51FF98C" author="Vamberger, M. &amp; Stuckas, H. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Gracia, E. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Els, J. &amp; Mazanaeva, L. F. &amp; Kami, H. G. &amp; Fritz, U." pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="77 - 85" refId="ref20717" refString="Vamberger, M., Stuckas, H., Ayaz, D., Gracia, E., Aloufi, A. A., Els, J., Mazanaeva, L. F., Kami, H. G. &amp; Fritz, U. (2013) Conservation genetics and phylogeography of the poorly known Middle Eastern terrapin Mauremys caspica (Testudines: Geoemydidae). Organisms, Diversity &amp; Evolution, 13, 77 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 012 - 0102 - 6" type="journal article" year="2013">
Vamberger
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A04B62F4BF4DAF98C" box="[151,210,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A050D2F4BF608F98C" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[300,512,1568,1593]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A050D2F4BF608F98C" box="[300,512,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Mauremys caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sporadically hybridizes with its sister species
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A00342F4BF09DF98C" box="[1045,1173,1567,1593]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulata">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A00342F4BF09DF98C" box="[1045,1173,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. rivulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Levant (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A01662F74F53EF9E8" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T." pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="223 - 260" refId="ref15001" refString="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T. (1997) Zur Systematik westasiatisch - sudosteuropaischer Bachschildkroten (Gattung Mauremys) (Reptilia: Testudines: Bataguridae). Zoologische Abhandlungen, 49, 223 - 260." type="journal article" year="1997">Fritz &amp; Wischuf 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A05602F28F5FCF9E8" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Buschbom, J. &amp; Kami, H. G. &amp; Mazanaeva, L. F. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Auer, M. &amp; Rifai, L. &amp; Silic, T. &amp; Hundsdorfer, A. K." box="[321,500,1603,1629]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="527 - 540" refId="ref14605" refString="Fritz, U., Ayaz, D., Buschbom, J., Kami, H. G., Mazanaeva, L. F., Aloufi, A. A., Auer, M., Rifai, L., Silic, T. &amp; Hundsdorfer, A. K. (2008) Go East: Phylogeographies of Mauremys caspica and M. rivulata - Discordance of morphology, mitochondrial and nuclear genomic markers and rare hybridization. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 527 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1420 - 9101.2007.01485. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
Fritz
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A055D2F2FF5BBF9E8" box="[380,435,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A05DF2F28F6F1F9E8" author="Vamberger, M. &amp; Stuckas, H. &amp; Vargas-Ramirez, M. &amp; Kehlmaier, C. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Lymberakis, P. &amp; Siroky, P. &amp; Fritz, U." box="[510,761,1603,1629]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="401 - 413" refId="ref20888" refString="Vamberger, M., Stuckas, H., Vargas-Ramirez, M., Kehlmaier, C., Ayaz, D., Aloufi, A. A., Lymberakis, P., Siroky, P. &amp; Fritz, U. (2017) Unexpected hybridization patterns in Near Eastern terrapins (Mauremys caspica, M. rivulata) indicate ancient gene flow across the Fertile Crescent. Zoologica Scripta, 46, 401 - 413. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12227" type="journal article" year="2017">
Vamberger
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A065E2F2FF6BEF9E8" box="[639,694,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A072B2F2FF7D3F9E8" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[778,987,1604,1629]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A072B2F2FF7D3F9E8" box="[778,987,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Mauremys caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an inland species whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A013E2F2FF195F9E8" box="[1311,1437,1603,1629]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulata">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A013E2F2FF195F9E8" box="[1311,1437,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. rivulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in Mediterranean coastal habitats (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A065F2F0CF78DF934" author="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T." box="[638,901,1639,1665]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="223 - 260" refId="ref15001" refString="Fritz, U. &amp; Wischuf, T. (1997) Zur Systematik westasiatisch - sudosteuropaischer Bachschildkroten (Gattung Mauremys) (Reptilia: Testudines: Bataguridae). Zoologische Abhandlungen, 49, 223 - 260." type="journal article" year="1997">Fritz &amp; Wischuf 1997</bibRefCitation>
). In the southern Levant, the local
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A01062F03F194F934" box="[1319,1436,1640,1665]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A01062F03F194F934" box="[1319,1436,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Mauremys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations resemble
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A05AC2FE7F604F910" box="[397,524,1675,1701]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulata">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05AC2FE7F604F910" box="[397,524,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. rivulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but represent a hybrid swarm with genetic signatures of
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A00A82FE7F10DF910" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[1161,1285,1676,1701]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A00A82FE7F10DF910" box="[1161,1285,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even though the geographically closest populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A06562FDBF6FDF97C" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[631,757,1712,1737]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A06562FDBF6FDF97C" box="[631,757,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are widely separated. Gene flow between the two species, resulting in the current hybrid swarm, was facilitated during more humid climate episodes of the last glaciation and the early Holocene (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC72BFF8A05582F9CF670F8A4" author="Vamberger, M. &amp; Stuckas, H. &amp; Vargas-Ramirez, M. &amp; Kehlmaier, C. &amp; Ayaz, D. &amp; Aloufi, A. A. &amp; Lymberakis, P. &amp; Siroky, P. &amp; Fritz, U." box="[377,632,1783,1809]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" pagination="401 - 413" refId="ref20888" refString="Vamberger, M., Stuckas, H., Vargas-Ramirez, M., Kehlmaier, C., Ayaz, D., Aloufi, A. A., Lymberakis, P., Siroky, P. &amp; Fritz, U. (2017) Unexpected hybridization patterns in Near Eastern terrapins (Mauremys caspica, M. rivulata) indicate ancient gene flow across the Fertile Crescent. Zoologica Scripta, 46, 401 - 413. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12227" type="journal article" year="2017">
Vamberger
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05DD2F93F63DF8A4" box="[508,565,1783,1809]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC72BFF8A04E62E70F628F8EC" blockId="14.[151,1437,1207,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
On GBIF, there are 27 records for
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A06142E77F6A5F880" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[565,685,1820,1845]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A06142E77F6A5F880" box="[565,685,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M.caspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A06CD2E70F723F880" box="[748,811,1819,1845]" name="Syria" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Syria</collectingCountry>
.Among them, 18 are actually from countries neighboring
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC72BFF8A04B62E54F4DDF8EC" box="[151,213,1855,1881]" name="Syria" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Syria</collectingCountry>
, and five refer to
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC72BFF8A05BA2E2BF611F8EC" box="[411,537,1855,1881]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Mauremys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulata">
<emphasis id="B964982EC72BFF8A05BA2E2BF611F8EC" box="[411,537,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. rivulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>