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<document id="60267FB6140E3A3B90A9168451F76A84" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214095" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f3ca685-719a-436b-8780-fe7ca7ec1d05" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214095" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460500547718" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tu, Tzu-Hsuan, Dai, Chang-Feng &amp; Jeng, Ming-Shiou" docDate="2012" docId="03B5F71353535C27FF6B476EFA4798B2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03395p017.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3395" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Coralliidae" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FF8C8F6B53505C23FFFC4206FFDB9A2D" masterDocTitle="Precious corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the northern West Pacific region with descriptions of two New Species" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698311697179" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BE6496527E0DCDF5C910AAD1D4E18E07">Precious corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the northern West Pacific region with descriptions of two New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BAE0869EA1353695FE28A04CF69A246F">Tu, Tzu-Hsuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B18545BFC224DD45C1DE505BF377C343">Dai, Chang-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B5F71353535C27FF6B476EFA4798B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178973" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119521167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6178973" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B5F71353535C27FF6B476EFA4798B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B5F71353535C27FF6B476EFA4798B2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B476EFCE99FAF" blockId="3.[151,818,1384,1410]" box="[151,818,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0EBF16953535C20FF6B476EFCE99FAF" bold="true" box="[151,818,1384,1410]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FF6B476EFCE99FAF" bold="true" box="[151,818,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FE92476EFE219FAF" ID-CoL="84K38" box="[366,506,1384,1410]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Coralliidae</taxonomicName>
in northern West Pacific
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B47A9FA479FCC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B47A9FA479FE9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1455,1476]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B47A9FA479FE9" box="[151,1436,1455,1476]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
1. Autozooids seated in deep axial pits with a prominently beaded margin..............................
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB1147A9FA4B9FE9" box="[1261,1424,1455,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB1147A9FA5B9FE9" box="[1261,1408,1455,1476]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Paracorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paracorallium</taxonomicName>
...
</emphasis>
2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B47CAFA479FCC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1484,1505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B47CAFA479FCC" box="[151,1436,1484,1505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Autozooids not seated in deep axial pits with a prominently beaded margin..............................
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FAED47CAFA4B9FCC" box="[1297,1424,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FAED47CAFAA39FCC" ID-CoL="84MJB" box="[1297,1400,1484,1505]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
...
</emphasis>
4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B47ECFA479C31" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B47ECFA479FD2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1514,1535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B47ECFA479FD2" box="[151,1436,1514,1535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
2. Double clubs present.............................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB7D47ECFA969FD2" ID-CoL="4CR8S" authority="Kishinouye" authorityName="Kishinouye" box="[1153,1357,1514,1535]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Paracorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="inutile">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB7D47ECFB029FD2" box="[1153,1241,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. inutile</emphasis>
Kishinouye
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAA747ECFA489FD2" box="[1371,1427,1514,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1384,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1361]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1363]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paracorallium inutile (Kishinouye, 1903), ASIZ 0000964: (A) fragment of the colony, arrows indicate parazoanthids; (B) close-up view of autozooids; (C) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214096/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4401FA479C31" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1543,1564]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4401FA479C31" box="[151,1436,1543,1564]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Double clubs absent................................................................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B4422FA479C7A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4422FA479C14" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1572,1593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4422FA479C14" box="[151,1436,1572,1593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
3. Autozooids occurring all around stems and branches; axis pink..........................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB854422FB299C14" ID-CoL="4CR8Y" box="[1145,1266,1572,1593]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Paracorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tortuosum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB854422FB299C14" box="[1145,1266,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. tortuosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D3BF453535C20FAD94422FA4E9C14" author="Bayer" box="[1317,1429,1572,1593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1993) Generic reassignment and affinities of Sympodium salomonense Thomson &amp; Mackinnon (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Precious Corals &amp; Octocoral Research, 1, 14 - 19." type="journal article" year="1993">Bayer 1993</bibRefCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4444FA479C7A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1602,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4444FA479C7A" box="[151,1436,1602,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Autozooids more or less strictly arranged on one side of colony; axis red..........................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB2D4444FA959C7A" ID-CoL="4CR8T" box="[1233,1358,1602,1623]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Paracorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="japonicum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB2D4444FA959C7A" box="[1233,1358,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. japonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAA74444FA4E9C7A" box="[1371,1429,1602,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1256,1279]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,519,1235]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,519,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paracorallium japonicum (Kishinouye, 1903), ASIZ 0000965: (A) fragment of the colony; (B) deep autozooid pits without beaded margins; (C) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214097/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B4459FA479CBC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4459FA479C59" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1631,1652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4459FA479C59" box="[151,1436,1631,1652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4. Autozooids retractile within short, hemispherical or cylindrical cortical mounds; long spindles in tentacles absent......... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B447AFA479CBC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1660,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B447AFA479CBC" box="[151,1436,1660,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Autozooids non-retractile forming prominent cylinders when contracted; long spindles in tentacles present.............. 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B449CFA409CE1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B449CFA479C82" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1690,1711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B449CFA479C82" box="[151,1436,1690,1711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">5. Cortical mounds distributed predominantly on one side of the colony............................................. 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B44B1FA409CE1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1435,1719,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B44B1FA409CE1" box="[151,1435,1719,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Cortical mounds distributed on all sides of the colony or arranged biserially...................................... 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B44D2FA479D2A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B44D2FA479CC4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1748,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B44D2FA479CC4" box="[151,1436,1748,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">6. Cortical mounds evenly distributed on one side of the colony................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B44F4FA479D2A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1778,1799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B44F4FA479D2A" box="[151,1436,1778,1799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Cortical mounds clustered in groups on one side of the colony.................................................. 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B4509FA479D6C" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4509FA479D09" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1807,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4509FA479D09" box="[151,1436,1807,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
7. Slender, prickle-like twigs on front surface absent; 6-radiates abundant; axis orange....................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB0E4509FA959D09" ID-CoL="5ZZK6" box="[1266,1358,1807,1828]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elatius">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB0E4509FA959D09" box="[1266,1358,1807,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. elatius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAA74509FA4F9D09" box="[1371,1428,1807,1828]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1806,1829]" captionTargetBox="[168,1418,193,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[168,1419,193,1747]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Corallium cf. elatius (Ridley, 1882), ASIZ 0000962. (A) left, “ front ” of colony, right, “ back ” of colony with white arrows indicating the openings of solenial canals; (B) close-up view of cortical mounds and papillae, with white arrow indicating a siphonozooid, black arrow indicating a papillae; (C) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214098/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B452AFA479D6C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1836,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B452AFA479D6C" box="[151,1436,1836,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Slender, prickle-like twigs on front surface present; 6-radiates rare; axis pale-pink to white...........
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB2E452AFA959D6C" ID-CoL="77S2D" box="[1234,1358,1836,1857]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secundum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB2E452AFA959D6C" box="[1234,1358,1836,1857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. secundum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAA7452AFA4E9D6C" box="[1371,1429,1836,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1648,1671]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1627]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1627]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Corallium secundum (Dana, 1846), USNM 1010758: (A) left, “ front ” of colony, right, “ back ” of colony; (B) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214099/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B454CFA409D51" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B454CFA479D72" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1436,1866,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B454CFA479D72" box="[151,1436,1866,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">8. Octoradiates not present or rare.......................................................................... 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4561FA409D51" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" box="[151,1435,1895,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4561FA409D51" box="[151,1435,1895,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Octoradiates most abundant............................................................................ 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053535C20FF6B4582FA479DDC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B4582FA409D9A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B4582FA409D9A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
9. Cortical mounds short and cylindrical; cortex with fine granular surface; 8-radiates present; axis orange............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FBAB45A4FB2A9D9A" ID-CoL="5ZZJY" box="[1111,1265,1954,1975]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carusrubrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FBAB45A4FB2A9D9A" box="[1111,1265,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. carusrubrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B276C53535C20FB0A45A7FAF69D9B" box="[1270,1325,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB0A45A7FAF69D9B" bold="true" box="[1270,1325,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAC645A4FAA69D9A" box="[1338,1405,1954,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,686,709]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,665]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,195,665]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Corallium carusrubrum n. sp. holotype, ASIZ 0000960: (A) “ front ” of colony; (B) close-up of cortical mounds; (C) “ back ” of colony; (D) SEM image of cortex—the pore is the opening of a solenial canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214100/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FA7445A4FA4E9D9A" box="[1416,1429,1954,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[180,1402,195,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[180,1404,195,1922]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Corallium carusrubrum n. sp. holotype, ASIZ 0000960: (A) cortical sclerites from the “ front ”; (B) cortical sclerites from the “ back ”; (C) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214101/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">6</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553535C20FF6B45B9FA479DDC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053535C20FF6B45B9FA479DDC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Cortical mounds hemispherical; cortex smooth; end twigs thick; 8-radiates absent; axis milky-white with pinkish center...........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653535C20FB1645DAFA959DDC" ID-CoL="5ZZLN" box="[1258,1358,2012,2033]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="konojoi">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753535C20FB1645DAFA959DDC" box="[1258,1358,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. konojoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053535C20FAA745DAFA4E9DDC" box="[1371,1429,2012,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1668,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1647]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Corallium konojoi Kishinouye, 1903, ASIZ 0000963: (A) “ front ” of colony and close-up of cortical mounds and autozooids, with arrows indicating siphonozooids; (B) ” back ” of colony, with arrows indicating the opening of solenial canals; (C) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214102/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B4291FA409AE7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4291FA479A81" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4291FA479A81" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
10. Six-radiates present and common; cortex not papillate; axis white.................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FB10429EFA959A80" ID-CoL="5ZZLT" box="[1260,1358,152,173]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="niveum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB10429EFA959A80" box="[1260,1358,152,173]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. niveum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FAA74291FA4F9A81" box="[1371,1428,151,172]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1186,1209]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1164]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,165,1165]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Corallium niveum Bayer, 1956, holotype, USNM 49328: (A) “ front ” of colony; (B) close-up of cortical mounds (C) “ back ” of colony; (D) sclerites from cortical mounds and autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214103/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B42B3FA409AE7" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1435,181,202]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B42B3FA409AE7" box="[151,1435,181,202]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Six-radiates absent; cortex papillate; axis orangish to yellowish-orange.....
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FC3342B3FBE59AE7" ID-CoL="5ZZM7" box="[975,1086,181,202]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pusillum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FC3342B3FBE59AE7" box="[975,1086,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. pusillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D3BF453545C27FB8C42B3FACC9AE7" author="Kishinouye" box="[1136,1303,181,202]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Kishinouye, K. (1904) Notes on the natural history of corals. Journal of Imperial Fishery Bureau, 14, 1 - 32. (in Japanese)" type="journal article" year="1904">Kishinouye 1904</bibRefCitation>
; plate V, 34)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B42D4FA409B0F" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B42D4FA409B28" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B42D4FA409B28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
11. Cortical mounds distributed on all sides of the colony, which is branched on all sides; smooth double heads predominant..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FAE142F6FA409B28" ID-CoL="5ZZL2" box="[1309,1435,240,261]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borneense">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FAE142F6FA409B28" box="[1309,1435,240,261]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. borneense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B430BFA409B0F" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1435,269,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B430BFA409B0F" box="[151,1435,269,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Cortical mounds raised and arranged biserially; colony branched in one plane; smooth double heads absent...
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FAEF430BFA409B0F" ID-CoL="5ZZLK" box="[1299,1435,269,290]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kishinouyei">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FAEF430BFA409B0F" box="[1299,1435,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. kishinouyei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B432CFA479B71" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B432CFA409B12" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1435,298,319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B432CFA409B12" box="[151,1435,298,319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12. Double clubs present.................................................................................. 13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4341FA479B71" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4341FA479B71" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Double clubs absent....................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FB20434EFA959B70" ID-CoL="5ZZLM" box="[1244,1358,328,349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB20434EFA959B70" box="[1244,1358,328,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FAA74341FA4E9B71" box="[1371,1429,327,348]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1976,1999]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1289,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1289,1955]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Corallium laauense Bayer, 1956, holotype, USNM 49327: sclerites from autozooids. (Images by F. M. Bayer through the courtesy of Stephen Cairns)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214104/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B4363FA479BBA" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4363FA479B57" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,357,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4363FA479B57" box="[151,1436,357,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
13. Heads of double clubs smooth with weak protuberances.......................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FB2F4363FA999B57" ID-CoL="5ZZL5" box="[1235,1346,357,378]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abyssale">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB2F4363FA999B57" box="[1235,1346,357,378]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. abyssale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FAB34363FA4E9B57" box="[1359,1429,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,952,975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,929]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,931]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium abyssale Bayer, 1956, holotype, USNM 49326: sclerites from autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214105/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4384FA479BBA" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,386,407]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4384FA479BBA" box="[151,1436,386,407]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">- Heads of double clubs rough with obvious protuberances..................................................... 14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B4399FA479BC2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4399FA479B99" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,415,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4399FA479B99" box="[151,1436,415,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">14. Autozooids arranged biserially; oval shape 8-radiates absent; cortex not covered by irregular creases.................. 15</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B43BBFA479BC2" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B43BBFA479BC2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Autozooids distributed in the front side and not arranged biserally; oval shape 8-radiates present; cortex thin and covered by irregular creases..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FBCB43DCFB189BC2" ID-CoL="5ZZL8" box="[1079,1219,474,495]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="taiwanicum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FBCB43DCFB189BC2" box="[1079,1219,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. taiwanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB3543DCFACE9BC2" bold="true" box="[1225,1301,474,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B276C53545C27FB3543DCFACE9BC2" box="[1225,1301,474,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FADF43DCFAA99BC2" box="[1315,1394,474,495]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,1024,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[167,1442,1024,1867]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 11. Corallium taiwanicum n. sp. holotype, NMNS- 6606 - 001: (A) “ front ” and “ back ” of colony; (B) SEM image of autozooid body and tentacles; (C) SEM image of autozooids, with arrows indicating openings of solenial canals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214106/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FA8043DCFA4E9BC2" box="[1404,1429,474,495]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1977,2000]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,193,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[164,1424,193,1945]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 12. Corallium taiwanicum n. sp. holotype, NMNS- 6606 - 001: (A) cortical sclerites from “ front ”; (B) cortical sclerites from “ back ”; (C) sclerites from autozooid body; (D) tentacle sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214107/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B43F1FA479807" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B43F1FA479821" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,503,524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B43F1FA479821" box="[151,1436,503,524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">15. Crosses and irregular radiates present; spheroidal 6-radiates absent............................................. 16</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4013FA479807" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" box="[151,1436,533,554]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4013FA479807" box="[151,1436,533,554]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Crosses and irregular sclerites absent;, spheroidal 6-radiates present...............................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FB154013FA9A9807" ID-CoL="5ZZM6" box="[1257,1345,533,554]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB154013FA9A9807" box="[1257,1345,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FAB34013FA4F9807" box="[1359,1428,533,554]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="13.[151,250,840,863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,818]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,819]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 13. Corallium regale Bayer, 1956, holotype, USNM 49520: cortical sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214108/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E85EA053545C27FF6B4034FA4798B2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B4034FA479849" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B4034FA479849" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
16. Main branches laterally compressed; terminal twigs sharply pointed; colony color yellow, axis milk white............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FC524056FBE89848" ID-CoL="874SX" box="[942,1075,592,613]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="boshuensis">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FC524056FBE89848" box="[942,1075,592,613]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. boshuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D3BF453545C27FB9A4049FAD59849" author="Kishinouye" box="[1126,1294,591,612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Kishinouye, K. (1904) Notes on the natural history of corals. Journal of Imperial Fishery Bureau, 14, 1 - 32. (in Japanese)" type="journal article" year="1904">Kishinouye 1904</bibRefCitation>
; plate III, 34)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA3460553545C27FF6B406BFA4798B2" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30EDE53053545C27FF6B406BFA4798B2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Branched in one plane, tiny branchelets on the frontal side and some of them anastomose with each other; colony color red or pink, axis pink with white center........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C1C3D8653545C27FB3A408CFAE398B2" ID-CoL="5ZZKW" box="[1222,1336,650,671]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcatum">
<emphasis id="B9689A1753545C27FB3A408CFAE398B2" box="[1222,1336,650,671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. sulcatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13275A8053545C27FABA408CFA4E98B2" box="[1350,1429,650,671]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,193,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[186,1399,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 14. Corallium sulcatum Kishinouye, 1903, ASIZ 0000966: (A) left, “ front ” of colony, right, “ back ” of colony; (B) close up of axis; (C) close up of autozooids; (D) SEM image of axis surface; (E) sclerites from cortex; (F) sclerites from autozooids." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214109/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>