362 lines
45 KiB
XML
362 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="2A0BEECF25775F384C52399DE3B6F681" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182350" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd26476a-c762-414a-aff7-184254ac9d65" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182350" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459860179369" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Franz, Nico M." docDate="2008" docId="03B2C225FFAFFFEEFF52611EA8DDF91F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01782p033.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1782" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cotithene globulicollis Voss" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FF8BBA5DFFBBFFF9FFC56213A939FFBD" masterDocTitle="Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Vo s s (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="33" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698226000503" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="ADBB52FC90D3B1D9E4D9C9DDF7E272F3">Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Vo s s (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="73BB65CD68D8F772DDFB3CAE857C9F96">Franz, Nico M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="369B07416F136196D6DE59998CE1D0A1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4A1483862BE023F42EBDF07750ABB6E4">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1D266FB8128F131628A45F6151DB626">1782</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4F7203678D3F8CD3B17B869CE2DE437D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182350</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B2C225FFAFFFEEFF52611EA8DDF91F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119368069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2C225FFAFFFEEFF52611EA8DDF91F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2C225FFAFFFEEFF52611EA8DDF91F" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFAFFFEDFF52611EA8DDFC9A" box="[151,484,781,807]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFAFFFEDFF52611EA8DDFC9A" blockId="20.[151,484,781,807]" box="[151,484,781,807]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<heading id="D0ECC45FFFAFFFEDFF52611EA8DDFC9A" bold="true" box="[151,484,781,807]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAFFFEDFF52611EA8DDFC9A" authority="Voss" authorityName="Voss" box="[151,484,781,807]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF52611EA8DDFC9A" bold="true" box="[151,484,781,807]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF52611EA89EFC9A" bold="true" box="[151,423,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
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Voss
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFAFFFEDFF526141AB23FCD4" box="[151,538,850,873]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFAFFFEDFF526141AB23FCD4" blockId="20.[151,538,850,873]" box="[151,538,850,873]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B541DFFAFFFEDFF526141AB23FCD4" box="[151,538,850,873]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAFFFEDFF526141AB23FCD4" authority="Voss 1940: 4" authorityName="Voss" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,538,850,873]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF526141A8B3FCD4" box="[151,394,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA5522FFAFFFEDFE546141AB23FCD4" author="Voss" box="[401,538,850,873]" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1940">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFAFFFEDFE546141AB3DFCD4" author="Voss" box="[401,516,850,873]" pageId="20" pageNumber="33" refString="Voss, E. (1940) Uber neue und wenig bekannte Russler-Arten aus der neotropischen Region, vorwiegend aus Brasilien. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 7, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1940">Voss 1940</bibRefCitation>
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: 4
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFAFFFEDFF526189AC55FAA1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFAFFFEDFF526189AC55FAA1" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF526189A82EFC09" bold="true" box="[151,279,922,948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFAFFFEDFEBF6189AB32FC09" box="[378,523,922,948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6.1 mm</quantity>
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; rostrum in male (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFD206189AA13FC09" box="[741,810,922,948]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A) in lateral view angulate and expanded near apical 2/5, slightly impressed along basal 1/5, head (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFD7661D1ABC1FC61" box="[691,760,962,988]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A) with small, posterior, triangular projection and sparse, longer, recurvate setae, pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFDEB61F9AB49FBB9" box="[558,624,1002,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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B) expanded, light reddish-brown, prosternum with small obtuse elevation in front of each procoxal cavity, elytra dark-reddish-brown, aedeagus (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFB876601ADA0FB91" box="[1090,1177,1042,1068]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[220,1435,216,963]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,176,963]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genital structures of Cotithene globulicollis, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182361/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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) apically evenly narrowed, internal sac without ventral, annulate structure; female with color pattern as that of male, procoxal cavities separated by about width of antennal club, spermatheca (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFC516671AADEFBC1" box="[916,999,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[220,1435,216,963]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,176,963]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genital structures of Cotithene globulicollis, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182361/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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) constricted near apical 3/5; association with
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAFFFEDFEC96698A8D4FB19" authority="Harling." authorityName="Harling." box="[268,493,1162,1188]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFEC96698A8BAFB19" box="[268,387,1163,1188]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Asplundia</emphasis>
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Harling.
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAFFFEDFE336698AA3CFB19" box="[502,773,1163,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFE336698AA3CFB19" box="[502,773,1163,1188]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be distinguished from similarly sized members of the
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF0466A0A8F1FB71" box="[193,456,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
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clade by the particular combination of modifications on the head and prosternum in males, and by the shorter and wider rostrum in females. This species furthermore differs from members of the
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF526710A8F0FAA1" box="[151,457,1283,1308]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">anaphalanta-melanoptera</emphasis>
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clade by its color pattern and characteristics of the male and female terminalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFAFFFEEFF036739AD89FEEF" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFAFFFEDFF036739AA0AF851" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAFFFEDFF036739A895FAF9" bold="true" box="[198,428,1322,1348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description. Male.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFAFFFEDFDC86739ABA4FAF9" box="[525,669,1322,1348]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="5.8" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.1 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFAFFFEDFD366739AABAFAF9" box="[755,899,1322,1348]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.5999999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.8 mm</quantity>
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, l/w = 2.2 (N = 3). Color light reddish-brown, rostrum and head slightly darker, legs yellowish-brown, elytra darker, brown. Rostrum (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFB596741ADD9FAD1" box="[1180,1248,1362,1388]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A)
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<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFAFFFEDFAC26741ACAEFAD1" box="[1287,1431,1362,1388]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
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, r/p = 0.6–0.8; dorsally slightly arcuate, angulate and tumescent near apical 2/5, ventrally straight; dorsally slightly impressed along basal 1/5 (cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFAFFFEDFD9F67B1ABEFFA01" author="Voss" box="[602,726,1442,1468]" pageId="20" pageNumber="33" refString="Voss, E. (1940) Uber neue und wenig bekannte Russler-Arten aus der neotropischen Region, vorwiegend aus Brasilien. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 7, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1940">Voss 1940</bibRefCitation>
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: 5, "muldenartig vertieft"); antennal insertion at apical 1/3 to 2/5. Head (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFEE467D9A850FA59" box="[289,361,1482,1508]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A) with slight transverse elevation extending between posterodorsal edges of eyes, with small, posterior, triangular projection, setation sparse, short, recurvate; area adjacent to posterior margin of eye strongly projected, dorsally with row of short, recurvate setae. Pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFBEF6409AD52F989" box="[1066,1131,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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B) expanded (with apparent positive allometry), anterolaterally shallowly impressed. Prosternum with anterior margin tumescent, projected anteroventrad, anterior half transversely impressed, thereafter with shallow impression, anterolaterally of each procoxal cavity with obtuse tumescence; procoxal cavities separated by slightly more than width of antennal club. Legs light reddish-brown to yellow. Scutellum largely covered by elytra. Elytra (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFB2964A9AC14F969" box="[1260,1325,1722,1748]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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B) posteriorly slightly attenuate, widest at humeri, gradually narrowing in posterior two-thirds; slightly convex, anterior elevation present, extending along basal 1/5 of I–V; striae slightly narrower than intervals, VIII–X deeper. Spiculum gastrale shorter than aedeagus; furcal arms slightly arcuate, apically narrowed. Adeagus (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFAFFFEDFAE26521AC42F8F1" box="[1319,1403,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[220,1435,216,963]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,176,963]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genital structures of Cotithene globulicollis, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182361/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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) l/ w = 3.1–3.3 (N = 3), widest near middle, strongly narrowing in apical 1/5, apex rounded, medially slightly projected; in lateral view apically gradually narrowed, dorsal and ventral margins straight; internally with a symmetrical, narrowly V-shaped pair of explanate sclerites; sclerites in lateral view triangular, slightly deflexed, margins undulate; apodemes shorter than body.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF6423BBFFAEFFECFF526593AD81F860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[161,1436,208,1896]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFAEFFECFF526593AD81F860" blockId="21.[151,1436,1920,2013]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAEFFECFF526593A81EF825" bold="true" box="[151,295,1920,1944]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
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Genital structures of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAEFFECFDD66592AB42F825" box="[531,635,1921,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAEFFECFDD66592AB42F825" box="[531,635,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cotithene</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac; synapomorphic character states 32(1) labelled. A,
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFAEFFECFCF265D5AADFF860" box="[823,998,1990,2013]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAEFFECFCF265D5AAE6F860" box="[823,991,1990,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anaphalanta">C. anaphalanta</taxonomicName>
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;
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</emphasis>
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B,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFAEFFECFBCE65D5AD8DF860" box="[1035,1204,1990,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanoptera">C. melanoptera</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF6423BBFFADFFEFFF52652BA9E0F8CF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182363/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[221,1360,188,1822]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFADFFEFFF52652BA9E0F8CF" blockId="22.[151,1436,1848,1906]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFADFFEFFF52652BA810F8ED" bold="true" box="[151,297,1848,1872]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Reported localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFADFFEFFDE3652AABB7F8ED" box="[550,654,1849,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFADFFEFFDE3652AABB7F8ED" box="[550,654,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cotithene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Costa Rica and Panama (A) and Venezuela (B). See text for further detail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFADFFEEFF0065B6AD89FEEF" blockId="22.[151,1436,1957,2024]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,152,1698]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFADFFEFFF0065B6A81EF802" bold="true" box="[197,295,1957,1983]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFADFFEFFE4E65B5AB22F87D" box="[395,539,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.2" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFADFFEFFDB665B5AA3DF87D" box="[627,772,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, l/w = 2.1–2.3 (N = 3). Color more homogeneously reddish-brown than in male. Rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFADFFEFFD8265DDABB7F855" box="[583,654,1998,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFADFFEFFD7265DDAA73F855" box="[695,842,1998,2024]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r/p = 0.9–1.0; narrow, width similar throughout; antennal insertion at apical 2/5 to middle region. Pronotum less expanded. Prosternum without anterior impressions or tumescences; procoxal cavities separated by about width of antennal club. Elytra posteriorly rounded, widest near anterior third; anterior elevation less distinct; striae shallower than in male. Sternum VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFACFFEEFF5A6303A9CAFE97" box="[159,243,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[220,1435,216,963]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,176,963]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genital structures of Cotithene globulicollis, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182361/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) with furcal arms slightly arcuate, subparallel, apices with 4–6 setae. Spermatheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFACFFEEFB066303AC2EFE97" box="[1219,1303,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[220,1435,216,963]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,176,963]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genital structures of Cotithene globulicollis, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182361/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) C-shaped, inner and outer margins constricted near apical 3/5, apex triangular, acuminate, deflected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFACFFEEFF03634CA8DDF91F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFACFFEEFF03634CAA1DFC3F" blockId="23.[151,1437,152,1698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFF03634CA884FEC4" bold="true" box="[198,445,351,377]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0CD91FFACFFEEFDCB6373AB50FEC7" box="[526,617,352,378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
"coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFD786373ABD7FEC7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" box="[701,750,352,378]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DEI</collectionCode>
|
||
Eberswalde /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFC586373AD95FEC4" box="[925,1196,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFC586373AD95FEC4" box="[925,1196,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nv. /
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0CD91FFACFFEEFB306373AC5BFEC7" box="[1269,1378,352,378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="syntype">Syntypus</typeStatus>
|
||
[red label] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFF35639BA8C5FE1C" box="[240,508,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFF35639BA8C5FE1C" box="[240,508,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
m. [green label] / Voss det. /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFC97639BAAEDFE1F" box="[850,980,392,418]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Turrialba, VI,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFB42639BADE8FE1F" box="[1159,1233,392,418]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
[green label] /?" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFF5A63A3A9D3FE77" box="[159,234,432,458]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DEIC</collectionCode>
|
||
). Other specimens: "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFE2A63A3AB45FE77" box="[495,636,432,458]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Limón, P.N. Br. Carillo, Q. González,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFBBE63A3ADF8FE77" box="[1147,1217,432,458]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F15F4FFACFFEEFB1663A3AC54FE77" box="[1235,1389,432,458]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="10.171666">N 10°09'78''</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F15F4FFACFFEEFA4563A3A835FE4F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-83.93806">W 83°56'17''</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFE8963CBA8FAFE4C" box="[332,451,472,497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFE8963CBA8FAFE4C" box="[332,451,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. inflor., leg. N. Franz,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFCDB63CBAA93FE4F" box="[798,938,472,498]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2003-06-11">VI-11-2003</date>
|
||
" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFC0F63CBAD2AFE4F" box="[970,1043,472,498]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DEIC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFBE363CBADBBFE4F" box="[1062,1154,472,498]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFB6363CBAC0DFE4F" box="[1190,1332,472,498]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, P. Her. [Heredia], Est. Biol. La Selva (OTS),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFDA56013AB99FDA7" box="[608,672,512,538]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFD6B6013AA00FDA7" box="[686,825,512,538]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1997-04-27">27-IV-1997</date>
|
||
, #3, leg. N. Franz" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFBF56013ADB4FDA7" box="[1072,1165,512,538]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CWOB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFB5E6013ADC8FDA7" box="[1179,1265,512,538]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFAD56013ACA1FDA7" box="[1296,1432,512,538]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Heredia, La Selva,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFE45603BA8F8FDFF" box="[384,449,552,578]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
|
||
, on
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFE32603BABEBFDFC" box="[503,722,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFE32603BABF7FDFC" box="[503,718,552,577]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vagans">Asplundia vagans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
leg. N. Franz,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFC48603BAD2EFDFF" box="[909,1047,552,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1999-04-10">IV-10-1999</date>
|
||
" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFBF7603BADB3FDFF" box="[1074,1162,552,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">NMFC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFB5C603BADD6FDFF" box="[1177,1263,552,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFACA603BACA1FDFF" box="[1295,1432,552,578]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Alaj. [Alajuela], Est. Biol. San Ramon, xi–
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFD486043ABC8FDD7" box="[653,753,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1999-12">
|
||
xii-
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFD736043ABC8FDD7" box="[694,753,592,618]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9999" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1999900.0">1999</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 900 m, P. Hanson, malaise trap" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFBBA6043ADE5FDD7" box="[1151,1244,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CWOB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFB226043AC03FDD7" box="[1255,1338,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFA936043A9E9FD2F" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Limón, P.N. Br. Carillo, Q. González,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFD58606BABE3FD2F" box="[669,730,632,658]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F15F4FFACFFEEFD22606BAA43FD2F" box="[743,890,632,658]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="10.171666">N 10°09'78''</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F15F4FFACFFEEFC43606BAD26FD2F" box="[902,1055,632,658]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-83.93806">W 83°56'17''</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFB95606BADFEFD2C" box="[1104,1223,632,657]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFB95606BADFEFD2C" box="[1104,1223,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. inflor., leg. N. Franz,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFF2F60B3A84FFD07" box="[234,374,672,698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2003-06-11">VI-11-2003</date>
|
||
" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFE5560B3A8E0FD07" box="[400,473,672,698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DEIC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFE2260B3AB6AFD07" box="[487,595,672,698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFDA560B3AB8FFD07" box="[608,694,672,698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">NMFC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFD0160B3AA09FD07" box="[708,816,672,698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFC8A60B3AAE1FD07" box="[847,984,672,698]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Alajuela, E.B. San Ramon, R.B. San Ramon,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFF3C60DBA87AFD5F" box="[249,323,712,738]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
|
||
N &
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFE4660DBA887FD5F" box="[387,446,712,738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
W San Ramon, 10°13'30'' N, 84°35'30'' W,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFC7F60DBAD79FD5F" box="[954,1088,712,738]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="850.0">850–950 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFB8E60DBAC22FD5F" box="[1099,1307,712,738]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1999-06-29" valueMax="1999-07-06" valueMin="1999-06-29">29.VI-6.VII.1999</date>
|
||
, R. Anderson, wet premontane forest, 99-108/ on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFDAD60E3AA01FCB4" box="[616,824,752,777]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vagans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFDAD60E3AA01FCB4" box="[616,824,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia vagans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFC7760E3AD34FCB7" box="[946,1037,752,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFBDC60E3ADBAFCB7" box="[1049,1155,752,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFB5A60E3AC1FFCB7" box="[1183,1318,752,778]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Alajuela, Los Lagos, Volcan Arenal,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFACFFEEFE2C610BAB03FC8F" box="[489,570,792,818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
, 10°29' N, 84°43'30'' W,
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFCB3610BAAC5FC8F" box="[886,1020,792,818]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2000-03-26">26.III.2000</date>
|
||
, R. Anderson, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFB27610BAC60FC8C" box="[1250,1369,792,817]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFB27610BAC60FC8C" box="[1250,1369,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(epiphytic)" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFECE6153A85FFCE7" box="[267,358,832,858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFEBD6153A8D1FCE7" box="[376,488,832,858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
); "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFDCF6153AB54FCE7" box="[522,621,832,858]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bocas del Toro, Corriente Grande, Rio Changuinola/ 9°17'30 N, 82°32'41'' W, H. Wolda/
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFACFFEEFE7D617BAB15FC3F" box="[440,556,872,898]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1980-02-07">II-7-1980</date>
|
||
" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AEBF6FFACFFEEFD81617BAB98FC3F" box="[580,673,872,898]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CWOB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFD69617BAA2EFC3F" box="[684,791,872,898]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFACFFEEFF03619CA8DDF91F" blockId="23.[151,1437,152,1698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFF03619CA8B4FC14" bold="true" box="[198,397,911,937]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFE516183AB99FC14" box="[404,672,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFE516183AB99FC14" box="[404,672,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs at various localities in the Costa Rican Cordillera Central (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFACFFEEFF5A61ABA9CCFC6F" box="[159,245,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[221,1360,188,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[211,1363,174,1838]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. Reported localities of Cotithene in Costa Rica and Panama (A) and Venezuela (B). See text for further detail." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182363/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
A), including La Selva (OTS), Quebrada González (Braulio Carrillo), San Ramón (UCR), Turrialba (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0CD91FFACFFEEFF5A61F3A9EAFC47" box="[159,211,992,1018]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) and Volcán Arenal, as well as on the Atlantic slope of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFC1961F3AD05FC47" box="[988,1084,992,1018]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Río Changuinola (Bocas del Toro). The reported host associations are with several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFC53661BAD4BFB9F" authority="Harling" authorityName="Harling" box="[918,1138,1032,1058]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFC53661BAD34FB9C" box="[918,1037,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia</emphasis>
|
||
Harling
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFAE0661BA873FBF7" authority="Harling" authorityName="Harling" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vagans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFAE0661BA9D3FBF4" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia vagans</emphasis>
|
||
Harling
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as recorded. At La Selva,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C33A3FFACFFEEFDBB6623AA38FBF7" box="[638,769,1072,1098]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 4–6 individuals were taken on inflorescences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFA846623A87EFBCC" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="euryspatha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFA846623A87EFBCC" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Asplundia euryspatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFE41664BAB94FBCF" authority="(Franz 2007b)" baseAuthorityName="Franz" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[388,685,1112,1138]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vagans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFE41664BA8C0FBCC" box="[388,505,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. vagans</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFACFFEEFDCC664BAB9CFBCF" author="Franz" box="[521,677,1112,1138]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2007 b) Reproductive trade-offs in a specialized plant / pollinator system involving Asplundia uncinata Harling (Cyclanthaceae) and a derelomine flower weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Plant Systematics and Evolution, 269. 183 - 201." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Franz 2007b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Typically only 1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DB8BAFFACFFEEFC4F664BAAA3FBCF" box="[906,922,1112,1138]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2</specimenCount>
|
||
adults occur on an inflorescence, and their arrival and departure periods are not well synchronized with the anthesis of the inflorescence. Some individuals collected carried small quantities of pollen on different parts of their body. However, their low abundance, the absence of synchronized patterns of arrival and departure and their relatively large size preclude regular contacts with the plant's female flowers during receptivity. Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFC0966EBADB8FAAC" box="[972,1153,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFC0966EBADB8FAAC" box="[972,1153,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
weevils are not pollinators of their hosts. Indeed, their behavior on the inflorescences is fairly destructive, as they feed on various floral parts including unopened anthers, bases of the male flowers and all structures of the female flowers. Following arrival, the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFDE56763ABECFA34" box="[544,725,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFDE56763ABECFA34" box="[544,725,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
locate a suitable position on the surface of the inflorescence and then chew their way towards the central axis, into which they eventually oviposit. An entry hole is left after this activity. A single larva hatches and develops inside by feeding along the central axis and adjacent pulp and seeds, which may ultimately cause abortion of the infructescence. Large larvae were located in aborted infructescences, indicating that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFDAE6403AA19F994" box="[619,800,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFDAE6403AA19F994" box="[619,800,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae can consume living as well as rotting plant tissue during the final stages of development. Their destructive behavior has convergent similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFAAE642BA8CEF9C7" authority="Anderson & Gomez" authorityName="Anderson & Gomez" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Systenotelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFAAE642BA838F9C4" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Systenotelus</emphasis>
|
||
Anderson & Gómez
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a non-pollinating seed predator of Panama-hat palms in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFACFFEEFACC6473A8E6F91F" authority="Ruiz & Pavon (Franz 2004)" authorityName="Ruiz & Pavon (Franz" authorityYear="2004" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Carludovica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFACFFEEFACC6473ACA5F9C4" box="[1289,1436,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Carludovica</emphasis>
|
||
Ruíz & Pavón (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFACFFEEFE89649BA8E1F91F" author="Franz" box="[332,472,1672,1698]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2004) Analysing the history of the derelomine flower weevil- Carludovica association (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Cyclanthaceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 81, 483 - 517." type="journal article" year="2004">Franz 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |