570 lines
66 KiB
XML
570 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="91AEEC01D471619915314E3610EC82FF" ID-CLB-Dataset="51178" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4066.3.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58b2a242-8d36-4edf-ab7d-f61e1c0c43c3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261680" ID-ZooBank="61398241-F4AA-4E46-A85A-0434419E7914" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459687664284" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wijayathilaka, Nayana, Garg, Sonali, Senevirathne, Gayani, Karunarathna, Nuwan, Biju, S. D. & Meegaskumbura, Madhava" docDate="2016" docId="03B087D3FFB2FFD1FF72D44DB28AFA78" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4066.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4066 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Microhyla mihintalei Wijayathilaka, Garg, Senevirathne, Karunarathna, Biju & Meegaskumbura, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="338" masterDocId="FF89FFABFFB1FFD6FFE5D757B164FFB8" masterDocTitle="A new species of Microhyla (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sri Lanka: an integrative taxonomic approach" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="331" pageNumber="334" updateTime="1698209100721" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="92E5DACB3A9C45A826E52C16AB27AB1C">
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<mods:title id="3134CACCCB83E7980EC8A154334F26DE">A new species of Microhyla (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sri Lanka: an integrative taxonomic approach</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D45161A0C17639858C8BA48C4DBCC328" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9DFD3AA505FE4F6C6B757FE017286E59">Wijayathilaka, Nayana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D1CFAE99CA3AA6A2677B871DED611082">Garg, Sonali</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3517C3A005E203158872D752F4A0F34E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="737E2DC1B67565E495E2C4109088D386">Senevirathne, Gayani</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DBB1F05CEDA71091A0DD651697A51839">Karunarathna, Nuwan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ADF4EBDBE7275C261A85B515367ED59A">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="06D9CFFA5B59B09B329597B00AE47D52">Meegaskumbura, Madhava</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BF0EF4CDCD5581CAD121067856FE4938">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C19DAF8CC37F029CDC71AC428188941E">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4378B9D3319201CB96510F1C288F71D1">4066</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B087D3FFB2FFD1FF72D44DB28AFA78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6074236" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119333349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6074236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087D3FFB2FFD1FF72D44DB28AFA78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B087D3FFB2FFD1FF72D44DB28AFA78" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB2FFD5FF72D44DB0F4FCEE" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF72D44DB098FC8C" blockId="3.[151,508,794,854]" box="[151,508,794,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<heading id="D0EE81A9FFB2FFD5FF72D44DB098FC8C" bold="true" box="[151,508,794,820]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF72D44DB098FC8C" bold="true" box="[151,508,794,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FF72D44DB0F3FC8C" ID-CoL="73GR9" box="[151,407,794,820]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF72D44DB0F3FC8C" bold="true" box="[151,407,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB2FFD5FE7BD44DB098FC8C" box="[414,508,794,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF72D46AB0F4FCEE" blockId="3.[151,508,794,854]" box="[151,400,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB2FFD5FF7BD46AB043FCEE" box="[158,295,829,854]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1584,1606]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox-0="[303,1294,492,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1429,199,1550]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetBox-3="[192,1390,208,1826]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[269,1319,435,1934]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1563]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[151,1435,193,1833]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. (DZ 1553, an adult male, SVL 24.8 mm). A. Dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. lateral view of head; D. ventral view of foot; E. ventral view of hand." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. A – D. Oscillogram of advertisement calls (four consecutive calls and a single call) of males of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. and Microhyla rubra. A. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); B. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. mihintalei sp. nov.; C. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); D. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. rubra; E. PC 1 vs. PC 2 factor scores of the Principal Components Analysis of call characters for the two species." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Distribution of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in Sri Lanka indicating its wide distribution, right from sea-level up to 500 m a. s. l. Populations for which genetic data (16 S rRNA) were generated are denoted in red circles. Arrow indicates the call-recorded population from Mihintale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/261681/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/261682/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/261684/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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; Table 1)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB2FFD5FF72D4D2B21BFC26" box="[151,895,901,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF72D4D2B21BFC26" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" box="[151,895,901,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF72D4D2B0A8FC26" bold="true" box="[151,460,901,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Suggested common name.</emphasis>
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Mihintale Red Narrow-mouthed Frog.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB2FFD5FF22D4FEB092FB95" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF22D4FEB092FB95" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF22D4FEB02AFC7A" bold="true" box="[199,334,937,962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named after Mihintale, the point of unison for two ancient cultures when Mahinda Thero (Son of Indian Emperor, Asoka) met Dewanampiya Tissa (the king of Anuradhapura,
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<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FB41D49AB477FC5E" box="[1188,1299,973,998]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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) in 246 BC. Mihintale is also considered to be one of the world’s earliest sanctuaries. The species epithet
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FB46D4A6B471FBB2" box="[1187,1301,1009,1034]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FB46D4A6B471FBB2" box="[1187,1301,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">mihintalei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a noun in apposition to the generic name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB2FFD5FF22D36EB2D5FA2E" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF22D36EB3C8FBCE" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF22D36EB05FFBEA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1081,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<typeStatus id="54A28867FFB2FFD5FF22D36EB052FBEA" box="[199,310,1081,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Adult male (DZ 1553), Anuradhapura (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FD1BD36EB20AFBEA" box="[766,878,1081,1106]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="8.3541">8.3541°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FC9FD36EB290FBEA" box="[890,1012,1081,1106]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="80.3967">80.3967°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FBE5D36DB55EFBE9" box="[1024,1082,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
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a.s.l) Anuradhapura
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<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FAC2D36EB4FCFBEA" box="[1319,1432,1081,1106]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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, collected by NW and team,
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<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FE2AD309B3CDFBCE" box="[463,681,1117,1142]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2014-12-22">22 December 2014</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF22D3D6B2D5FA2E" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF22D3D6B022FB22" bold="true" box="[199,326,1153,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
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<typeStatus id="54A28867FFB2FFD5FF22D3D6B025FB22" box="[199,321,1153,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Four adult males (DZ
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||
<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FDA3D3D6B3ACFB22" box="[582,712,1153,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="1554" valueMax="1557">1554–1557</date>
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), collected along with the
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<typeStatus id="54A28867FFB2FFD5FC0AD3D6B531FB22" box="[1007,1109,1153,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; three adult males (DZ 1467, DZ 1468, DZ 1473) collected from the same locality, collected by NW and team,
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<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FBC9D3F1B58FFB06" box="[1068,1259,1189,1214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2012-10-12">12 October 2012</date>
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; one adult male (DZ 1410) and one female (DZ 1418), from Maakandura (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FCC9D39EB2F8FB5A" box="[812,924,1225,1250]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="7.3245">7.3245°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FC4CD39DB547FB5A" box="[937,1059,1226,1250]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="79.9887">79.9887°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FBCAD39DB50DFB59" box="[1071,1129,1226,1250]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.), Kurunegala district,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FF72D3BAB06FFABE" box="[151,267,1261,1286]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
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, collected by MM and team,
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||
<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FD8DD3B9B242FABE" box="[616,806,1262,1286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2014-08-28">28 August 2014</date>
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||
; one adult male (DZ 1457), from Ampara (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FAC2D3B9B4FCFABE" box="[1319,1432,1262,1286]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="7.2932">7.2932°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FF72D246B075FA92" box="[151,273,1297,1322]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="81.6704">81.6704°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FEF9D245B032FA91" box="[284,342,1298,1322]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.), Ampara district,
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<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FD82D246B3BCFA92" box="[615,728,1297,1322]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected by NW and team,
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<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FBFBD245B5BAFA92" box="[1054,1246,1297,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2014-10-10">10 October 2014</date>
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; two adult males (DZ
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<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FF28D262B02BFAF6" box="[205,335,1333,1358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="1445" valueMax="1446">1445–1446</date>
|
||
), from Mihintale (
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FDF9D262B3E9FAF6" box="[540,653,1333,1358]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="8.3548">8.3548°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FD7DD262B276FAF6" box="[664,786,1333,1358]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="80.5054">80.5054°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FCFBD261B201FAF5" box="[798,869,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.), Anuradhapura district,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FB5ED262B448FAF6" box="[1211,1324,1333,1358]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected by MM and team,
|
||
<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FE80D20DB372FACA" box="[357,534,1369,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2014-10-02">2 October 2014</date>
|
||
; one adult male (DZ 1127), from Dambulla (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FBEFD20EB51FFACA" box="[1034,1147,1369,1394]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="7.8584">7.8584°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5002FFB2FFD5FB60D20EB464FACA" box="[1157,1280,1369,1394]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" precision="5" value="80.6773">80.6773°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FAEED20DB435FAC9" box="[1291,1361,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.), Matale district,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FEA2D22AB0DCFA2E" box="[327,440,1405,1430]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected by MM and team,
|
||
<date id="FFA71005FFB2FFD5FD1AD229B2CAFA2E" box="[767,942,1406,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" value="2013-01-04">4 January 2013</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB2FFD2FF22D2F6B191FE15" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD5FF22D2F6B428F929" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF22D2F6B025FA02" bold="true" box="[199,321,1441,1466]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
We allocate these specimens to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FD55D2F6B240FA02" box="[688,804,1441,1466]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FD55D2F6B240FA02" box="[688,804,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since they show the following diagnostic characters for this genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B34FFB2FFD5FEC6D292B0DCFA66" author="Parker" box="[291,440,1477,1502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="341" refString="Parker, H. W. (1934) A monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 208 pp." type="book" year="1934">Parker 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): narrow head; eyes reduced; maxillary and vomerine teeth absent; fingers without webbing; toes with basal webbing; prominent inner metatarsal tubercle on foot (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB2FFD5FBCDD2BEB50FF9BA" box="[1064,1131,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,492,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[269,1319,435,1934]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. (DZ 1553, an adult male, SVL 24.8 mm). A. Dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. lateral view of head; D. ventral view of foot; E. ventral view of hand." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261681/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FB61D2BEB416F9BA" box="[1156,1394,1513,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FB61D2BEB416F9BA" box="[1156,1394,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB2FFD5FA9FD2BEB1A3F99D" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FA9FD2BEB1A5F99E" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is diagnosable from its congeners by the combination of following characters: small-sized, slender body, adult male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FEEAD165B0D6F9F1" box="[271,434,1586,1610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.73" metricValueMin="2.17" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="24.5" valueMax="27.3" valueMin="21.7">21.7–27.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FE24D165B0B0F9F1" box="[449,468,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 13), adult female SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FD15D165B237F9F1" box="[752,851,1586,1610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="24.4">24.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FC86D165B212F9F1" box="[867,886,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 1); tympanum indistinct or obscured by a layer of skin without clearly defined borders; vomerine ridge absent; tongue elliptical; finger and toe tips rounded without marginal grooves; webbing between toes rudimentary; inner and outer metatarsal tubercles present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB2FFD2FF22D1CAB191FE15" blockId="3.[151,1437,901,2006]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FF22D1CAB37AF90E" bold="true" box="[199,542,1693,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Morphological comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FDCDD1CAB273F90E" box="[552,791,1693,1718]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FDCDD1CAB273F90E" box="[552,791,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB2FFD5FCC5D1CAB218F90D" box="[800,892,1693,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FCC5D1CAB211F90E" bold="true" box="[800,885,1693,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD5FB95D1CAB449F90E" box="[1136,1325,1693,1718]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FB95D1CAB449F90E" box="[1136,1325,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on molecular evidence and overall external morphology, however differs from the latter by its relatively smaller adult male size, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FEA8D1B1B097F945" box="[333,499,1766,1790]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.73" metricValueMin="2.17" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="24.5" valueMax="27.3" valueMin="21.7">21.7–27.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FE1AD1B1B376F945" box="[511,530,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 13 (vs. larger SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FCE8D1B2B2D7F945" box="[781,947,1765,1790]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" metricValueMax="2.96" metricValueMin="2.58" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="27.7" valueMax="29.6" valueMin="25.8">25.8–29.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FC5AD1B1B2B6F945" box="[959,978,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 8); dorsal skin shagreened to sparsely granular (vs. granular); thigh equal to shank and foot length, male, TL 11.6 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FBEBD05EB503F899" box="[1038,1127,1801,1826]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, SHL 11.7 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FAE4D05EB43EF899" box="[1281,1370,1801,1826]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, FOL 11.6 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FF0DD07AB026F8FD" box="[232,322,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FEAAD079B006F8FD" box="[335,354,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 14 (vs. longer, male, TL 13.8 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FD10D07AB22AF8FD" box="[757,846,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, SHL 11.9 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FC0ED079B521F8FD" box="[1003,1093,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, FOL 12.4 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB2FFD5FB07D079B458F8FD" box="[1250,1340,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD5FAACD079B438F8FD" box="[1353,1372,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 8). Mann-Whitney U test results suggest that the two congeners are significantly different in SVL, HW, HL, SL, UEW, TL, FAL, HAL and FOL (Appendix 1). The new species is not conspecific with any of the other known species from the Western Ghats of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FE37D0CEB368F80A" box="[466,524,1945,1970]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB2FFD5FDA3D0CEB3DEF80A" box="[582,698,1945,1970]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However, for the purpose of more clarity and to avoid possible confusions, a comparison with the other four valid species known from this region is being provided.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB2FFD2FACDD0EAB06DFF08" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="335" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB2FFD2FACDD0EAB06DFF08" italics="true" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="3" pageNumber="334">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB5FFD2FEEAD7C0B00DFF17" box="[271,361,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FEEAD7C0B006FF08" bold="true" box="[271,354,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FE18D7CEB3D1FF08" box="[509,693,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karunaratnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FE18D7CEB3D1FF08" box="[509,693,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. karunaratnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FD0ED7CEB21EFF08" box="[747,890,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeylanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FD0ED7CEB21EFF08" box="[747,890,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. zeylanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB5FFD2FC5AD7C0B554FF08" box="[959,1072,151,176]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FB8ED7CEB5BFFF08" box="[1131,1243,153,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FB8ED7CEB5BFFF08" box="[1131,1243,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FAF4D7CEB0E4FF6C" authority="Dutta and Ray, 2000" authorityName="Dutta and Ray" authorityYear="2000" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sholigari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FAF4D7CEB4F8FF08" box="[1297,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. sholigari</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B34FFB5FFD2FF72D7EAB0E4FF6C" author="Dutta" box="[151,384,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="340" refString="Dutta, S. K. & Ray, P. (2000) Microhyla sholigari, a new species of microhylid frog (Anura: Microhylidae) from Karnataka, India. Hamadryad, 25, 38 - 44." type="journal article" year="2000">Dutta and Ray, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Western Ghats, by its relatively large snout-vent size of the adult male, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB5FFD2FAB8D7EBB19AFF4F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.73" metricValueMin="2.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="24.5" valueMax="27.3" valueMin="21.7">21.7– 27.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FEEED7B6B07AFF40" box="[267,286,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 13 (vs. SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB5FFD2FE37D788B31CFF4F" box="[466,632,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.745" metricValueMax="1.91" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="17.45" valueMax="19.1" valueMin="15.8">15.8–19.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FD60D7B6B3FCFF40" box="[645,664,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 11; SVL 11.8–20.0 mm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FC36D7B6B282FF40" box="[979,998,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 5; SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB5FFD2FB87D788B46DFF4F" box="[1122,1289,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMax="2.03" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="17.4" valueMax="20.3" valueMin="14.5">
|
||
14.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FB76D788B5C5FF40" bold="true" box="[1171,1185,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
20.3 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FAF0D7B6B44CFF40" box="[1301,1320,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 5; SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB5FFD2FF72D653B05FFEA4" box="[151,315,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1149999999999998" metricValueMax="2.48" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="21.15" valueMax="24.8" valueMin="17.5">
|
||
17.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FF2DD653B1B2FEA5" bold="true" box="[200,214,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">–</emphasis>
|
||
24.8 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FEA3D652B03DFEA4" box="[326,345,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 7, respectively). Specifically, the new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FBE6D652B5DEFEA5" box="[1027,1210,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karunaratnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FBE6D652B5DEFEA5" box="[1027,1210,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. karunaratnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FB0AD652B41DFEA5" box="[1263,1401,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sholigari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FB0AD652B41DFEA5" box="[1263,1401,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. sholigari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its non-dilated finger and toe tips without circum-marginal grooves (vs. dilated with circum-marginal grooves), differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FECCD61AB087FEDD" box="[297,483,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karunaratnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FECCD61AB087FEDD" box="[297,483,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. karunaratnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its finger and toe disc rounded without dorso-terminal groove (vs. dilated with dorso-terminal groove), differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FDD9D626B3CBFE30" box="[572,687,369,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FDD9D626B3CBFE30" box="[572,687,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">M. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its shovel-shaped metatarsal tubercle (vs. rounded nonshovelshaped).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF66664DFFB5FFD2FF72D0F4B2D0F860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261681/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" targetBox="[303,1294,492,1927]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB5FFD2FF72D0F4B2D0F860" blockId="4.[151,1435,1955,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FF72D0F4B070F800" bold="true" box="[151,276,1955,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB5FFD2FE7BD0F4B311F801" box="[414,629,1955,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FE7BD0F4B311F801" box="[414,629,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB5FFD2FD98D0F4B3AAF801" box="[637,718,1955,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FD98D0F4B3ADF800" bold="true" box="[637,713,1955,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(DZ 1553, an adult male, SVL 24.8 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FB6ED0F4B5C0F800" bold="true" box="[1163,1188,1955,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FAD2D0F4B42AF800" bold="true" box="[1335,1358,1955,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">B.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FF30D095B18AF860" bold="true" box="[213,238,1986,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">C.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FE2FD095B087F86F" bold="true" box="[458,483,1986,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">D.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of foot;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB5FFD2FD5BD095B3B1F86F" bold="true" box="[702,725,1986,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">E.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of hand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF66664DFFB4FFD3FF72D167B4F9F91A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261682/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" targetBox="[160,1429,199,1550]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB4FFD3FF72D167B4F9F91A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1584,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FF72D167B038F9FD" bold="true" box="[151,348,1584,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">FIGURE 2. A–D.</emphasis>
|
||
Oscillogram of advertisement calls (four consecutive calls and a single call) of males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FAD6D167B19AF9DD" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FAD6D167B19AF9DD" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB4FFD3FEE0D118B032F9DD" box="[261,342,1615,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FEE0D118B034F9DC" bold="true" box="[261,336,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FE6FD118B357F9DD" box="[394,563,1615,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FE6FD118B357F9DD" box="[394,563,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Microhyla rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FDA4D118B33DF9DC" bold="true" box="[577,601,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">A.</emphasis>
|
||
four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FBABD118B502F9DC" bold="true" box="[1102,1126,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">B.</emphasis>
|
||
a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FEFCD139B0C2F93B" box="[281,422,1645,1667]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FEFCD139B0C2F93B" box="[281,422,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">M. mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB4FFD3FE55D139B360F93B" box="[432,516,1646,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FE55D139B09AF93B" bold="true" box="[432,510,1646,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FDF0D13AB343F93B" bold="true" box="[533,551,1645,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">C</emphasis>
|
||
. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FBDED139B530F93B" bold="true" box="[1083,1108,1646,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">D.</emphasis>
|
||
a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FEF5D1DAB008F91A" box="[272,364,1676,1698]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FEF5D1DAB008F91A" box="[272,364,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FE9DD1DBB0EBF919" bold="true" box="[376,399,1676,1697]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">E.</emphasis>
|
||
PC1 vs. PC2 factor scores of the Principal Components Analysis of call characters for the two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB4FFD0FF22D199B273FEF8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB4FFD3FF22D199B56BF8CF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1742,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FF22D199B0ADF95F" bold="true" box="[199,457,1742,1767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Genetic comparison.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of the uncorrected pairwise divergences of generated sequences representing four Sri Lankan populations, Dambulla (DZ 1127), Maakandura (DZ 1410, DZ 1418), Mihintale (DZ 1445, DZ 1446) and Anuradhapura (DZ 1468) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FD2ED041B2DCF897" box="[715,952,1814,1839]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FD2ED041B2DCF897" box="[715,952,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB4FFD3FC25D041B57DF897" box="[960,1049,1814,1839]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FC25D041B577F897" bold="true" box="[960,1043,1814,1839]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and one population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FACDD041B1B3F8EC" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FACDD041B1B3F8EC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Microhyla rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Karnataka (SDBDU 2558), along with one available GenBank sequence (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="944AAB26FFB4FFD3FB97D06CB594F8EB" box="[1138,1264,1851,1875]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AB201192" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
|
||
AB
|
||
<date id="FFA71005FFB4FFD3FB7CD06CB594F8EB" box="[1177,1264,1851,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" value="92-11-20">201192</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
) show that the genetic divergences range between 2.7−3.2% for the two species (Appendix 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB4FFD0FF22D0D4B273FEF8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1742,2020]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FF22D0D4B0AFF824" bold="true" box="[199,459,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Acoustic comparison.</emphasis>
|
||
PCA with unrotated axes on the correlation matrix of the call characters (involving eight variables: Call Duration, Number of Pulses, Pulse Rate, Dominant Frequency, Call Rise Time, Call Fall time, 50% Call Rise Time, 50% Call Fall Time) for the two species shows that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB4FFD3FC29D09CB5E2F85C" box="[972,1158,1995,2020]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB4FFD3FC29D09CB5E2F85C" box="[972,1158,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Microhyla rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB4FFD3FB2FD09CB467F85C" box="[1226,1283,1995,2020]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
separates out well from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB7FFD0FEF5D7CEB0CDFF08" box="[272,425,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FEF5D7CEB0CDFF08" box="[272,425,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">M. mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the PC space (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB7FFD0FD9CD7C0B3DBFF08" box="[633,703,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1584,1606]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,199,1550]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1563]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Oscillogram of advertisement calls (four consecutive calls and a single call) of males of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. and Microhyla rubra. A. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); B. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. mihintalei sp. nov.; C. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); D. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. rubra; E. PC 1 vs. PC 2 factor scores of the Principal Components Analysis of call characters for the two species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261682/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The separation however is only attributable to the factors that contribute to the PC1 axis, which is explained mostly by Call Duration, Dominant Frequency, Call Rise Time and Pulse Rate (Pulse Rate loads negatively while the other three load positively). The two species overlap completely on PC2 axis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB7FFD0FEC8D653B016FEA4" box="[301,370,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1584,1606]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,199,1550]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1563]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Oscillogram of advertisement calls (four consecutive calls and a single call) of males of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. and Microhyla rubra. A. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); B. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. mihintalei sp. nov.; C. four consecutive calls (time shown: 3 seconds); D. a single call (time shown: 0.3 seconds) of M. rubra; E. PC 1 vs. PC 2 factor scores of the Principal Components Analysis of call characters for the two species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261682/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is explained mostly by Call Fall time, Number of Pulses and Call Rise Time (Call Rise Time loads negatively and the other two load positively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF66664DFFB7FFD0FF72D109B29EF956" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" targetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB7FFD0FF72D109B29EF956" blockId="6.[151,1436,1630,1774]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FF72D109B034F9CC" bold="true" box="[151,336,1630,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">FIGURE 3. A–G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB7FFD0FEB2D109B349F9CC" box="[343,557,1630,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FEB2D109B349F9CC" box="[343,557,1630,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB7FFD0FDD1D109B3E0F9CC" box="[564,644,1630,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FDD1D109B31BF9CB" bold="true" box="[564,639,1630,1651]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in life.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FD30D109B26FF9CB" bold="true" box="[725,779,1630,1651]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">A–E.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FB62D109B5FBF9CB" bold="true" box="[1159,1183,1630,1651]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">A.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FD10D12AB268F92A" bold="true" box="[757,780,1661,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">B.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FAD2D12BB42BF92A" bold="true" box="[1335,1359,1660,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">C.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FD02D1CCB264F908" bold="true" box="[743,768,1691,1712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">D.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of thigh and groin;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FBB7D1CCB50DF908" bold="true" box="[1106,1129,1691,1712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">E.</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FE43D1EDB0DCF977" bold="true" box="[422,440,1722,1743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FC07D1EDB292F968" bold="true" box="[994,1014,1722,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FA67D1EDB4F8F977" bold="true" box="[1410,1436,1722,1743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">H.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB7FFD0FF72D18FB024F956" box="[151,320,1752,1774]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FF72D18FB024F956" box="[151,320,1752,1774]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Microhyla rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB7FFD1FF22D042B2F9FD10" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB7FFD1FF22D042B29EFE30" blockId="6.[151,1436,1813,2019]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FF22D042B3BEF896" bold="true" box="[199,730,1813,1838]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A28867FFB7FFD0FF22D042B050F896" box="[199,308,1813,1838]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB7FFD0FE2DD041B3BEF896" bold="true" box="[456,730,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">(measurements in mm).</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Small-sized, adult male (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB7FFD0FC1CD041B54BF896" box="[1017,1071,1814,1838]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
24.8). Head small (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB7FFD0FAE8D041B459F896" box="[1293,1341,1814,1838]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">HW</collectionCode>
|
||
7.4, HL 6.2), shorter than wide, snout sub-ovoid in dorsal and ventral view, rounded in lateral view, its length (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB7FFD0FAA1D06DB402F8EA" box="[1348,1382,1850,1874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
2.7) longer than horizontal diameter of eye (EL 2.3); loreal region rounded with vertical canthus rostralis; interorbital space wider (IUE 2.6) than upper eyelid (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB7FFD0FD89D0D5B3C9F822" box="[620,685,1922,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">UEW</collectionCode>
|
||
1.5) and internarial distance (IN 1.8); nostril closer to tip of snout (NS 1.0) than eye (EN 1.4); tympanum indistinct or obscured by a layer of skin without clearly defined borders, supratympanic fold distinct, extending from posterior corner of upper eyelid to near the insertion of forelimb at axilla; eye diameter (EL 2.3); vomerine ridge absent; tongue elliptical. Forelimbs moderately short and thin; forelimb (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB6FFD1FEE0D7EBB05EFF6C" box="[261,314,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">FAL</collectionCode>
|
||
5.1) shorter than hand length (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB6FFD1FD77D7EBB3A9FF6C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" box="[658,717,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" name="Martin-Luther-Universität" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">HAL</collectionCode>
|
||
6.0); fingers short, finger length formula I<IV<II<III; tips of all fingers without discs, rounded; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, all present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FB9BD788B5A7FF40" box="[1150,1219,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,492,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[269,1319,435,1934]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. (DZ 1553, an adult male, SVL 24.8 mm). A. Dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. lateral view of head; D. ventral view of foot; E. ventral view of hand." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261681/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); palmar tubercles three, well developed, oval. Hindlimbs relatively long and thin, thigh length (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED08AE00FFB6FFD1FBF3D653B55EFEA4" box="[1046,1082,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">TL</collectionCode>
|
||
11.3) subequal to shank (SHL 11.5), and foot (FOL 11.6); relative digit lengths I<II<V<III<IV; tips of all toes without discs, rounded; webbing present: basal; weakly developed dermal ridge on all toes present; subarticular tubercles prominent, oval; two metatarsal tubercles, oval, shovel-shaped, outer one slightly larger than inner.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D6C3B5CAFE68" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Skin of dorsum, snout, between eyes, sides of head, posterior part of back, upper and lower part of flanks and ventral surface smooth, dorsal parts of forelimb, thigh, tibia and tarsus smooth to shagreened.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D68BB2F9FD10" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF22D68BB0B5FE4C" box="[199,465,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Colour in preservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum light brownish-grey with a broad light grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; dorsal surface of forelimbs lighter in colour compared to the dorsum and with incomplete black cross-bands; lateral side of head and tympanic area dark grey; groin light grey with black patches; two distinct and narrow black streaks extending from the snout along the side of head to near the groin; posterior parts of thigh and tibia with irregular black markings; a narrow black patch extends from anal opening to near the knee; ventral surface creamy-white, throat with dark blackish-brown calling patch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB6FFD1FF22D5E3B3B2FBC5" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D5E3B5E2FCE4" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF22D5E3B03AFD75" box="[199,350,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Colour in life</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FE88D5E3B0D6FD74" box="[365,434,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum light reddish-brown with a faint light grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FEC9D580B0E3FD48" box="[300,391,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
); lateral side of head and tympanic area dark grey; groin light grey with black patches; two distinct and narrow black streaks extending from the snout along the side of head to near the groin; posterior parts of thigh and tibia light brown with irregular black markings; a narrow black patch extends from anal opening to near the knee; ventral surface grey, throat with dark blackish-brown calling patch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FBD1D413B51CFCE4" box="[1076,1144,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D43EB1B1FB8D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF22D43EB053FC38" box="[199,311,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
See Table 1 for morphometric data from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4CFFB6FFD1FCEBD43FB20EFC38" box="[782,874,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="adult">13 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males and one female. DZ 1127 (in life): dorsum reddish-brown with brown band extending from behind the eye up to the groin, faint cross-bands on both limbs, lateral side of head and tympanic area light grey (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FD37D4F8B24DFC70" box="[722,809,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
); DZ 1457 (in life: dorsum dark reddish-brown, lateral side of head and tympanic area dark grey; ventral surface light grey with dark grey reticulations especially on the throat; in preservation, light grey dorsum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FD91D4A0B3AAFBA8" box="[628,718,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – G" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,373,1608]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – G. Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in life. A – E. Holotype (DZ 1553, an adult male). A. dorsolateral view with a light-grey band extending from behind the eye to the groin; B. dorsal view showing the light reddish-brown dorsum; C. ventral view highlighting the dark blackish-brown calling patch; D. lateral view of thigh and groin; E. posterior view of thighs with irregular black markings; F. Paratype (DZ 1127, an adult male) in dorsal view; G. Paratype (DZ 1457, an adult male); H. Microhyla rubra in life (SDBDU 2559, an adult male), from Shivanahalli, Karnataka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261683/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
); DZ 1467 (in life): dark greyish-brown with dark brown dorsal band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D368B3B2FBC5" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF22D368B376FBE0" box="[199,530,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Secondary sexual characters.</emphasis>
|
||
Males: Single vocal sac externally visible on lower jaw. Female (DZ 1418): ova, pigmented on poles (diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CE19B20FFB6FFD1FE0ED333B311FBC4" box="[491,629,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FD65D332B3F7FBC4" box="[640,659,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">N</emphasis>
|
||
=15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303654EFFB6FFD1FF22D3D0B28AFA78" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA636C5FFB6FFD1FF22D3D0B28AFA78" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF22D3D0B33AFB18" bold="true" box="[199,606,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Distribution and Natural History.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FD83D3D0B231FB18" box="[614,853,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FD83D3D0B231FB18" box="[614,853,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Microhyla mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB6FFD1FCB8D3D0B2DCFB18" box="[861,952,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FCB8D3D0B2D5FB18" bold="true" box="[861,945,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is found in the lowland dry zone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13222A40FFB6FFD1FAADD3D0B4EAFB18" box="[1352,1422,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[192,1390,208,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,193,1833]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of Microhyla mihintalei sp. nov. in Sri Lanka indicating its wide distribution, right from sea-level up to 500 m a. s. l. Populations for which genetic data (16 S rRNA) were generated are denoted in red circles. Arrow indicates the call-recorded population from Mihintale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261684/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), mostly in shaded areas, often close to stream and river banks or regions that become fairly stable ephemeral pools during the rainy season. They were observed emerging from borrows in ground to call by around 7.30 PM, slightly after the initiation of calling of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FE19D3A2B310FAB4" box="[508,628,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FE19D3A2B30BFAB4" box="[508,623,1269,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">M. ornata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a smaller sympatric species. Compared to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FBBED3A2B5B7FAB4" box="[1115,1235,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FBBED3A2B5AAFAB4" box="[1115,1230,1269,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">M. ornata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the abundance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FF72D24EB04BFA88" box="[151,303,1303,1328]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FF72D24EB04BFA88" box="[151,303,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">M. mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FED2D240B0F6FA88" bold="true" box="[311,402,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57ACFFB6FFD1FED2D240B0F6FA88" box="[311,402,1303,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is much lower, and so are the corresponding numbers of tadpoles in pools. In captivity,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FA98D24EB06DFAED" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FA98D24EB06DFAED" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">M. mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed digging rapidly into soil using their hind feet. This indicates that they are active borrowers, and not only ground-burrow utilizers. They lay eggs as loosely arranged sheets on the water surface, mainly in ephemeral pools and their tadpoles also form loose shoals. The tadpole of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FBDAD2D2B5B2FA25" box="[1087,1238,1412,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mihintalei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FBDAD2D2B5B2FA25" box="[1087,1238,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">M. mihintalei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B34FFB6FFD1FF72D2FEB35CFA78" author="Bowatte" box="[151,568,1447,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="340" refString="Bowatte, G. & Meegaskumbura, M. (2011) Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka. Amphibian and reptile conservation, 5 (2), 22 - 32." type="journal article" year="2011">Bowatte and Meegaskumbura (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C194D46FFB6FFD1FD2AD2FEB250FA78" box="[719,820,1447,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96DEAD7FFB6FFD1FD2AD2FEB250FA78" box="[719,820,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E7655FFB6FFD1FC9CD2F0B28EFA78" box="[889,1002,1447,1472]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |