421 lines
52 KiB
XML
421 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="7556826C2F0641329F3F9B884E8F814B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191147" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e46b99bc-4894-4e3b-877e-2c06869dad00" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191147" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461124342701" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blank, Miriam" docDate="2009" docId="03A8E167FFAA0D7AFF51FB27F39D59CC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02278p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2278" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs 1933" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF91991FFFA40D69FFC6FFF5F2155856" masterDocTitle="Spiophanes norrisi sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Spionidae) — a new species from the NE Pacific coast, separated from the Spiophanes bombyx complex based on both morphological and genetic studies" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698596450614" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="87C2F0298D30E8FF4760550DAF45EFD2">Spiophanes norrisi sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Spionidae) — a new species from the NE Pacific coast, separated from the Spiophanes bombyx complex based on both morphological and genetic studies</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="447A6EDF487F142AF59C6C80E5E26CCD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EDEC0B6A6C7C6613DE13D20B77B0A4F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0D348475FC7BA8B65AE2A2A73CA5104C">Blank, Miriam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8CE4E796BCFEED008DCF896391EC75EC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="65313A08CB59D365692F368ADFA2F4F1">
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<mods:title id="59D11C4B9CDB8D28AD42B0C4A5801862">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D2B0152799F1E68EF2132F6AFF7DA015">
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<mods:date id="BD8AE2CA38D93AEE5D01836406FFC042">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1740A500E974C2887843DCB99E6BEFA3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="874F9ABD7B89FE274E9F1A8EF886116F">2278</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="DE33E78A7A9E191BE27A577BBC102EB9" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="61490731631653B6AB731C9BE9028288">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="BA35404F9198DCBC2536B433360DF42B">25</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="72E518AC32ED1C7F812CAAE416203BB9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="229F887847E2588E3C32ACABF723D4A4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191147</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D3C86BD305D2C33DB087913C943892E2" type="GBIF-Dataset">e46b99bc-4894-4e3b-877e-2c06869dad00</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B5457C4179DF7E5CBB939968671D2710" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DDAEEDEA5A14D4E93639959C5D871E83" type="Zenodo-Dep">191147</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A8E167FFAA0D7AFF51FB27F39D59CC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625079" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625079" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8E167FFAA0D7AFF51FB27F39D59CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E167FFAA0D7AFF51FB27F39D59CC" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFAA0D67FF51FB27F2FA5D59" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF51FB27F0535CBA" blockId="14.[151,582,1234,1295]" box="[151,582,1234,1260]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<heading id="D0F6E71DFFAA0D67FF51FB27F0535CBA" bold="true" box="[151,582,1234,1260]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFAA0D67FF51FB27F0535CBA" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" authority="Zachs, 1933" authorityName="Zachs" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,582,1234,1260]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF51FB27F0535CBA" bold="true" box="[151,582,1234,1260]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF51FB27F3BE5CBA" bold="true" box="[151,427,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Spiophanes uschakowi</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFAA0D67FE74FB27F0535CBA" author="Zachs" box="[434,582,1234,1260]" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" refString="Zachs I. G. (1933) Polychaeta of the North-Japanese Sea. Explorations of the Seas of the USSR, 19, 125 - 137." type="journal article" year="1933">Zachs, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF51FB00F2FA5D59" blockId="14.[151,582,1234,1295]" box="[151,239,1269,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAA0D67FF59FB00F2F05D59" box="[159,229,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFAA0D67FF51FAB7F60D5D2F" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF51FAB7F05A5D0F" blockId="14.[151,1048,1346,1401]" box="[151,591,1346,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB11775FFFAA0D67FF51FAB7F05A5D0F" box="[151,591,1346,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFAA0D67FF51FAB7F05E5D0F" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" authority="Zachs, 1933: 130" authorityName="Zachs" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,587,1346,1369]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
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<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF51FAB7F39C5D0F" box="[151,393,1346,1369]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Spiophanes uschakowi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA07660FFAA0D67FE56FAB7F05E5D0F" author="Zachs" box="[400,587,1346,1369]" page="130" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1933">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFAA0D67FE56FAB7F0035D0F" author="Zachs" box="[400,534,1346,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" refString="Zachs I. G. (1933) Polychaeta of the North-Japanese Sea. Explorations of the Seas of the USSR, 19, 125 - 137." type="journal article" year="1933">Zachs, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 130
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF51FA97F60D5D2F" blockId="14.[151,1048,1346,1401]" box="[151,1048,1378,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB11775FFFAA0D67FF51FA97F60D5D2F" box="[151,1048,1378,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
?
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFAA0D67FF6FFA97F3025D2F" ID-CoL="4Z69H" box="[169,279,1378,1401]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bombyx">
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<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF6FFA97F3025D2F" box="[169,279,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. bombyx</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
: –
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA07660FFAA0D67FEF4FA97F0115D2F" author="Imajima" box="[306,516,1378,1401]" page="128" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1991">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFAA0D67FEF4FA97F3C45D2F" author="Imajima" box="[306,465,1378,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" refString="Imajima, M. (1991). Spionidae (Annnelida, Polychaeta) from Japan VII. The genus Spiophanes. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo Ser. A (Zoology), 17, 115 - 137." type="journal article" year="1991">Imajima, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 128
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–132, figs 8–9. –
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA07660FFAA0D67FD7EFA97F16C5D2F" author="Okuda" box="[696,889,1378,1401]" page="222" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1937">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFAA0D67FD7EFA97F1505D2F" author="Okuda" box="[696,837,1378,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="25" refString="Okuda, S. (1937) Spioniform polychaetes from Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science of the Hokkaido Imperial University, (G), 5 (3), 217 - 254." type="journal article" year="1937">Okuda, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 222
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–223, figs 3–4.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFAA0D67FF51FA5DF12D5ED2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF51FA5DF35C5DBC" blockId="14.[151,1437,1448,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF51FA5DF35A5D94" bold="true" box="[151,335,1448,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAA0D67FF51FA5DF2C65D94" box="[151,211,1448,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAA0D67FE9CFA5CF3F05D95" box="[346,485,1449,1475]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">SYNTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
:
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFAA0D67FE37FA5CF0545D95" box="[497,577,1449,1475]" name="Russia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Russia</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FD96FA5CF0F85D94" box="[592,749,1449,1474]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
Sea of
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<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFAA0D67FD62FA5CF0F85D94" box="[676,749,1449,1474]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, Peter the Great Bay, Station 70,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D079BF8FFAA0D67FB42FA5CF7195D95" box="[1156,1292,1449,1475]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
(Zool. Inst. RAS 1/25826).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D67FF03FA03F12D5ED2" blockId="14.[151,1437,1448,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF03FA03F3A35E46" bold="true" box="[197,438,1526,1552]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Non–
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAA0D67FECEFA03F3285E46" box="[264,317,1526,1552]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
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||
material.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFAA0D67FE78FA02F0FA5E46" box="[446,751,1526,1552]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FE78FA02F0505E46" box="[446,581,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Spiophanes</emphasis>
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||
cf.
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||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FDB5FA02F0FA5E46" box="[627,751,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">uschakowi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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: NW Pacific Ocean:
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<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FC2DFA02F6265E46" box="[1003,1075,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFAA0D67FC2DFA02F6265E46" box="[1003,1075,1527,1552]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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: Chiba Prefecture: off Tomizu
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FF51F9E8F3285E61" box="[151,317,1565,1591]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="35.353333">35°21.200' N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FE80F9E8F3E95E61" box="[326,508,1565,1591]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="139.80167">139°48.100' E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, 2-
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<date id="FFBF76B1FFAA0D67FDE4F9E8F0D05E61" box="[546,709,1565,1591]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-08-01">
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||
VIII-2008,
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<specimenCount id="9D079BF8FFAA0D67FD73F9E8F0D05E61" box="[693,709,1565,1591]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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||
</date>
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||
specimen (
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<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FC92F9E8F18F5E61" box="[852,922,1565,1591]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMH</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FC65F9E8F1D55E61" box="[931,960,1565,1591]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P-</collectionCode>
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||
25866), Mie Prefecture
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FB2BF9E8F7885E61" box="[1261,1437,1565,1591]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="35.016834">35° 01.010' N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FF51F9B1F3575E08" box="[151,322,1604,1630]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="136.70583">136°42.350' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 14-
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||
<date id="FFBF76B1FFAA0D67FEB5F9B1F3EC5E08" box="[371,505,1604,1630]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2007-06-08">
|
||
VI-2007,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D079BF8FFAA0D67FE2CF9B1F3EC5E08" box="[490,505,1604,1630]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">8</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FD4DF9B1F0DB5E08" box="[651,718,1604,1630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FD11F9B1F0E75E08" box="[727,754,1604,1630]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P-</collectionCode>
|
||
25867), Wakayama Prefecture: Hidaka Port
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FB39F9B1F7895E08" box="[1279,1436,1604,1630]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="33.871334">33°52.280' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3536B6FFAA0D67FF51F99FF32A5ED2" box="[151,319,1642,1668]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="135.15292">135°09.175' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13-
|
||
<date id="FFBF76B1FFAA0D67FEA9F99FF3E15ED2" box="[367,500,1642,1668]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-06-01">
|
||
VI-2008,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D079BF8FFAA0D67FE23F99FF3E15ED2" box="[485,500,1642,1668]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FDBFF99FF0A95ED2" box="[633,700,1642,1668]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED10C8B4FFAA0D67FD05F99FF0CB5ED2" box="[707,734,1642,1668]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P-</collectionCode>
|
||
25868).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFAA0D79FF03F965F1865925" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAA0D66FF03F965F3495970" blockId="14.[151,1437,1448,2016]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,294]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAA0D67FF03F965F6265EFC" bold="true" box="[197,1075,1680,1706]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Description based on single
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAA0D67FDFEF965F0885EFC" box="[568,669,1680,1706]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Zool. Inst. RAS 1/25826.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAA0D67FBFAF964F6B45EFD" box="[1084,1185,1681,1707]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
incomplete anterior fragment of about 35 chaetigers,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF9FD94FFAA0D67FDEDF94DF09D5E84" box="[555,648,1720,1746]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. Prostomium broad anteriorly, subtriangular, with long, digitiform anterolateral horns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAA0D67FDC6F92BF0505EAE" box="[512,581,1758,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Occipital antenna absent. Eyes absent. Dorsal ciliated organs starting posterior to the prostomium as continuous, slightly diverging ciliated bands continuing to the end of chaetiger 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAA0D67FF7EF8D9F3115F10" box="[184,260,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A), not well preserved; additional metameric patches posterior to chaetiger 2 not discernable. Peristomium moderately developed. First parapodium oriented dorsally; postchaetal lamellae subulate, slightly longer in the notopodium than in the neuropodium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAA0D67FC96F88CF1805FC5" box="[848,917,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Parapodia of chaetigers 2–4 shifted from dorsal to dorsolateral position; postchaetal lamellae subulate; longer in the notopodia than in the neuropodia; postchaetal lamellae continuously decreasing in size from chaetiger 1 to 4. From chaetiger 5 to the end of the fragment, all parapodia lateral. Chaetigers 5–8 with subulate to subtriangular postchaetal notopodial lamellae, lamellae shorter than in preceding chaetigers; neuropodial postchaetal lamellae absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAB0D66FB19FF4BF739588E" box="[1247,1324,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B). From chaetiger 9, notopodial postchaetal lamellae subulate to cirriform with broad base; neuropodial lamellae absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAB0D66FF34FEF9F32D5970" box="[242,312,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7E00F9FFAB0D66FF51F9DDF1AF5ED3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAB0D66FF51F9DDF1AF5ED3" blockId="15.[151,1436,1576,1669]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAB0D66FF51F9DDF30E5E16" bold="true" box="[151,283,1576,1600]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFAB0D66FEE5F9DCF0BC5E16" authority="Zachs, 1933" authorityName="Zachs" authorityYear="1933" box="[291,681,1577,1600]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFAB0D66FEE5F9DCF00D5E16" box="[291,536,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Spiophanes uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
Zachs, 1933
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5–12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1/25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAB0D66FF03F94DF64C5F13" blockId="15.[151,1437,1720,2016]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Chaetal spreader “0+1
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFAB0D66FE15F94DF01D5E84" box="[467,520,1720,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” with semicircular opening well developed on chaetigers 5, 7, and 8; opening of glandular organ on chaetiger 6 not observable by means of light microscopy; on chaetigers 9–14 openings are lateral vertical slits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAB0D66FE00F8F0F0075F49" box="[454,530,1797,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Ventrolateral intersegmental pouches absent. Dorsal ciliated crests of considerable size present from chaetiger 3 to the end of the fragment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFAB0D66FC0DF8DEF6045F13" box="[971,1041,1835,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFAB0D79FF03F8A7F1865925" blockId="15.[151,1437,1720,2016]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Chaetiger 1 with one stout, crook-like chaeta in each neuropodium; remaining chaetae all capillaries with narrow sheaths; notopodial chaetae smooth, neuropodial chaetae appearing granulated when viewed with light microscopy; arrangement of chaetae difficult to observe (most likely notochaetae arranged in a tuft and neurochaetae in rows). Chaetigers 2–4 with smooth capillaries with narrow sheath in notopodia; neuropodial chaetae granulated with narrow sheath; arrangement of chaetae difficult to observe (most likely as described for chaetiger 1). In all following chaetigers notochaetae are smooth sheathed capillaries. Nature of neuropodial chaetae in chaetigers 5–14 unknown (see Remarks). Neuropodial quadridentate hooks with partially reduced hood (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFB40D79FE07FEF9F0195970" box="[449,524,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C) first present from chaetiger 15; 6–7 hooks arranged in one row. Stout, granulated chaeta (= sabre chaeta) in inferiormost position in the neuropodium, first present from chaetiger 10, continuing to end of fragment. Nature of pygidium unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFB40D79FF03FE8AF7315EB5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF03FE8AF6745B4A" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF03FE8AF67659CF" bold="true" box="[197,1123,383,409]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Additional information based on examination of specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB40D79FBD2FE8AF67659CF" box="[1044,1123,383,409]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(here referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB40D79FA9BFE75F30F5996" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FA9BFE75F76159CF" box="[1373,1396,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF51FE52F30F5996" box="[151,282,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4CF9FD94FFB40D79FE02FE53F04F5996" box="[452,602,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, all anterior fragments, longest fragment with 36 chaetigers. Prostomium broad anteriorly, subtriangular, with long, digitiform anterolateral horns. Occipital antenna absent. Two pairs of black eyes present; anteriormost pair further apart. Dorsal ciliated organs starting posterior to the prostomium as continuous ciliated bands extending to the end of chaetiger 2, thereafter as pair of segmental ciliated patches, increasing in size, eventually becoming pairs of straight short ciliated bands continuing to about chaetiger 10; after chaetigers 10–13 metameric ciliated patches comma-shaped, from between chaetigers 13–14 ciliated patches as bands of slightly oblique orientation; from between chaetigers 14–15 as short, almost transverse bands; same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FD7CFD40F0F95A99" box="[698,748,693,719]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of ciliated band in subsequent chaetigers; after application of Shirlastain A additional thin transverse ciliary bands observed between metameric ciliated patches; shape of metameric dorsal ciliated organs in further posterior segments not ascertainable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF03FCDCF3F25C04" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Peristomium moderately developed. First parapodium oriented dorsally; postchaetal lamellae subulate, only slightly longer in the notopodium than in the neuropodium. Parapodia of chaetigers 2–4 shifted from dorsal to dorsolateral position; postchaetal lamellae subulate, longer in the notopodia than in the neuropodia; postchaetal lamellae continuously decreasing in size from chaetigers 1 to 4. From chaetiger 5 to the end of the fragment, all parapodia lateral. Chaetigers 5–8 with subulate to subtriangular postchaetal notopodial lamellae, lamellae all of the same size and only slightly shorter than in chaetiger 4; neuropodial postchaetal lamellae absent. From chaetiger 9, notopodial postchaetal lamellae subulate with broad base and slender filiform tip; neuropodial lamellae absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF03FBABF3855CBB" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Chaetal spreader “0+1
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FE15FBABF01D5C2E" box="[467,520,1118,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” with semicircular opening well developed on chaetigers 5, 7, and 8; opening of glandular organ on chaetiger 6 not observed with light microscopy; on chaetigers 9–14 openings as lateral vertical slits. Ventrolateral intersegmental pouches absent. Dorsal ciliated crests present from chaetiger 3 to the end of fragments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF03FB0CF3195E1E" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chaetiger 1 with one stout, crook-like chaeta in each neuropodium; remaining chaetae all capillaries with narrow sheaths; notopodial chaetae smooth, neuropodial chaetae appearing granulated when viewed with light microscopy; most likely notochaetae arranged in a tuft and neurochaetae in two rows. Chaetigers 2–4 with smooth capillaries with narrow sheath in neuro- and notopodia; arrangement of chaetae most likely as described for chaetiger 1. In all following chaetigers notochaetae smooth narrowly sheathed capillaries and neurochaetae granulated stout capillaries with narrow sheath. Neuropodial quadridentate hooks with partially reduced hood first present from chaetiger 15; 6–7 hooks arranged in one row. Stout, granulated chaeta (= sabre chaeta) in inferiormost position in the neuropodium first present from chaetiger 9 or 10. Nature of pygidium unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF00F9A0F1665E39" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" box="[198,883,1621,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF00F9A0F3795E39" bold="true" box="[198,364,1621,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FF00F9A0F3115E39" box="[198,260,1621,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Northern Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB40D79FDF3F9A0F0695E39" box="[565,636,1621,1647]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Peter the Great Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF00F98EF7315EB5" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF00F98EF3605EC3" bold="true" box="[198,373,1659,1685]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pigmentation.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FEB8F989F3CB5EC0" box="[382,478,1660,1686]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
dark brown; remnants of even darker pigment in neuropodia of chaetigers 9–14 (area posterior to the vertical lateral slits) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133A4CF4FFB40D79FD4EF957F0D25EEA" box="[648,711,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[296,1294,347,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[276,1305,327,1563]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spiophanes uschakowi Zachs, 1933: A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 5 – 12, lateral view; arrow indicates simple vertical opening of glandular organ in chaetiger 11. C. Neuropodial hooks with reduced hood from chaetiger 19. — All Syntype, RAS 1 / 25826. Scale: A, B 0.5 mm; C 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191153/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B). In specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB40D79FC15F957F6035EEA" box="[979,1046,1698,1724]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
orange pigment in neuropodia of chaetigers 10–14; hints of orange pigment in neuropodia of chaetigers 9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF9FD94FFB40D79FBDCF93CF6435EB5" box="[1050,1110,1737,1763]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
|
||
some specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFB40D79FF00F91AF6BF5F66" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF00F91AF6BF5F66" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF00F91AF0765F5F" bold="true" box="[198,611,1775,1801]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Methyl green staining pattern.</emphasis>
|
||
Inconspicuous in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FC57F905F1F95F5C" box="[913,1004,1776,1802]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(also due to strong dark brown pigmentation of the examined
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB40D79FE3BF8E3F04F5F66" box="[509,602,1814,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
) and also inconspicuous in specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB40D79FBA6F8E3F6B35F66" box="[1120,1190,1814,1840]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFB40D79FF00F8C8F3B85F01" box="[198,429,1853,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB40D79FF00F8C8F3B85F01" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,1879]" box="[198,429,1853,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB40D79FF00F8C8F33F5F01" bold="true" box="[198,298,1853,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7E00F9FFB50D78FF51FC8CF3435BE2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191154/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[195,1391,197,865]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB50D78FF51FC8CF3435BE2" blockId="17.[151,1435,889,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FF51FC8CF30D5BC7" bold="true" box="[151,280,889,913]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
First presence of neuropodial hooks in relation to body width on chaetiger 4 in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB50D78FB5DFC8FF77A5BC7" box="[1179,1391,890,913]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bombyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FB5DFC8FF77A5BC7" box="[1179,1391,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Spiophanes bombyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB50D78FF51FC69F2EF5BE5" box="[151,250,924,947]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norrisi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FF51FC69F2EF5BE5" box="[151,250,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. norrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2463118FFB50D78FEC7FC69F3435BE2" box="[257,342,924,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7E00F9FFB50D78FF51F8D5F32E5F0D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191155/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[262,1328,1004,1799]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB50D78FF51F8D5F32E5F0D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1824,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FF51F8D5F30E5F6E" bold="true" box="[151,283,1824,1848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Number of neuropodial hooks in relation to body width on chaetiger 4 in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB50D78FBBDF8D4F7475F6E" box="[1147,1362,1825,1848]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bombyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FBBDF8D4F7475F6E" box="[1147,1362,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Spiophanes bombyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB50D78FA4EF8D4F2F55F0C" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norrisi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB50D78FA4EF8D4F2F55F0C" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. norrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2463118FFB50D78FF20F8B6F32E5F0D" box="[230,315,1859,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7E00F9FFB60D7BFF51FBC7F07E5D6A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191156/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[164,1424,214,1029]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB60D7BFF51FBC7F07E5D6A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1074,1341]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFF51FBC7F33F5C1C" bold="true" box="[151,298,1074,1098]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Phylogenetic relationships among five
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFD22FBC6F1765C1C" box="[740,867,1075,1098]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFD22FBC6F1765C1C" box="[740,867,1075,1098]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Spiophanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species based on partial mitochondrial and nuclear sequences. A. Maximum–likelihood bootstrap consensus tree (1000 replicates) based on COI haplotypes. Numbers above branches are likelihood bootstrap values; numbers below branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities and parsimony consensus percentages. Trees are rooted using sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFC1DFB6EF6495CE4" box="[987,1116,1179,1202]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFC1DFB6EF6495CE4" box="[987,1116,1179,1202]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Prionospio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as outgroup (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFB39FB6EF7885CE4" box="[1279,1437,1179,1202]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="steenstrupi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFB39FB6EF7885CE4" box="[1279,1437,1179,1202]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. steenstrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9452CD92FFB60D7BFF51FB48F31A5C82" box="[151,271,1213,1236]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU835668" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">EU835668</accessionNumber>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFEDCFB4BF3845C83" box="[282,401,1214,1237]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFEDCFB4BF3845C83" box="[282,401,1214,1237]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Prionospio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.1
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9452CD92FFB60D7BFE0BFB48F0525C82" box="[461,583,1213,1236]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU835667" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">EU835667</accessionNumber>
|
||
). B. Maximum–parsimony bootstrap consensus tree (1000 replicates) based on 18S haplotypes. Numbers above branches are parsimony bootstrap values; numbers below branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities and likelihood bootstrap percentages. Trees are rooted using sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFB67FAF6F70D5D4C" box="[1185,1304,1283,1306]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFB67FAF6F70D5D4C" box="[1185,1304,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Prionospio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as outgroup (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFF66FAD3F3175D6B" box="[160,258,1318,1341]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ehlersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFF66FAD3F3175D6B" box="[160,258,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. ehlersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9452CD92FFB60D7BFECFFAD0F3955D6A" box="[265,384,1317,1340]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU340095" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">EU340095</accessionNumber>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFE4DFAD3F3F75D6B" box="[395,482,1318,1341]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFE4DFAD3F3F75D6B" box="[395,482,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9452CD92FFB60D7BFE2EFAD0F0755D6A" box="[488,608,1317,1340]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU418859" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">EU418859</accessionNumber>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFB60D7BFF00FA9AF38B5EB3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB60D7BFF00FA9AF38B5EB3" blockId="18.[151,1436,1391,2036]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFF00FA9AF32A5DDF" bold="true" box="[198,319,1391,1417]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFB60D7BFD57FA9AF13B5DDF" author="Zachs" box="[657,814,1391,1417]" pageId="18" pageNumber="25" refString="Zachs I. G. (1933) Polychaeta of the North-Japanese Sea. Explorations of the Seas of the USSR, 19, 125 - 137." type="journal article" year="1933">Zachs (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was as follows:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFC30FA9AF6115DDF" bold="true" box="[1014,1028,1391,1417]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">“</emphasis>
|
||
Postchaetal notopodial lamellae of chaetigers 1–8 foliaceous, later becoming rather cirriform. Dorsal pattern of double horizontal stripes on anterior segments. Dorsal crest absent on the first chaetiger. Hooks similar to those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFB0AFA49F75E5D83" box="[1228,1355,1468,1493]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bombyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFB0AFA49F75E5D83" box="[1228,1355,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. bombyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In 10 posterior segments 1–2 long stout notochaetae.” The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB60D7BFCE6FA16F16B5DAB" box="[800,894,1507,1533]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
examined in the course of this study was an anterior fragment of 35 chaetigers. The specimen is of dark brown colour, which affected observation under the light microscope. Moreover, the specimen is very brittle and hence extensive dissection of parapodia was avoided and only a few neuropodial hooks were removed. For that reason detailed information on chaetal characters of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB60D7BFEA6F988F3AE5EC1" box="[352,443,1661,1687]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
is limited. However, preliminary results from examination of specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB60D7BFA9FF988F7895EC1" box="[1369,1436,1661,1687]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
are provided in this study. Based on those results, the differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFC39F951F68C5EEB" box="[1023,1177,1700,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFC39F951F68C5EEB" box="[1023,1177,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFAD3F951F7895EEB" box="[1301,1436,1700,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFAD3F951F7895EEB" box="[1301,1436,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Spiophanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31B03FAFFB60D7AFF03F907F39D59CC" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB60D7AFF03F907F3AB591A" blockId="18.[151,1436,1391,2036]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,152,410]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFF03F907F34A5F5D" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" box="[197,351,1778,1803]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFF03F907F34A5F5D" box="[197,351,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFCE7F907F1BC5F5D" ID-CoL="84TRY" box="[801,937,1778,1803]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFCE7F907F1BC5F5D" box="[801,937,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Spiophanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species known from coastal waters of the western Pacific by its strikingly long anterolateral horns; the chaetal spreaders of “0+1
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB60D7BFB63F8EDF6CE5F64" box="[1189,1243,1816,1842]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” with an almost semicircular opening well developed on chaetigers 5, 7, and 8; the dorsal ciliated organs starting as two short continuous bands extending to the end of chaetiger 2 followed by metameric patches in a species-specific pattern as described above; the first presence of sabre chaetae not earlier than chaetiger 9; and the presence of partially hooded hooks in the neuropodia of the posterior body region. For differences with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFB0FF846F74E5F9A" ID-CoL="6ZBF6" box="[1225,1371,1971,1996]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anoculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFB0FF846F74E5F9A" box="[1225,1371,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. anoculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from deep waters of the North Pacific Ocean, off California, see remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB60D7BFC3AF82FF67C5FA5" ID-CoL="6ZBF8" box="[1020,1129,2010,2035]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norrisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB60D7BFC3AF82FF67C5FA5" box="[1020,1129,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. norrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Reliable identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB70D7AFF51FF6DF32558E7" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" box="[151,304,152,177]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFF51FF6DF32558E7" box="[151,304,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently possible only if based on observation of the dorsal ciliated organs (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68365CAFFB70D7AFB16FF6DF70858E4" box="[1232,1309,152,178]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,240,394,418]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of important morphological characters of Spiophanes species similar to S. bombyx, additional thin transverse cilia bands observed in S. bombyx, S. norrisi sp. nov. and S. cf. uschakowi are not drawn; S. verilli Webster & Benedict, 1884 not included since status unresolved; * = observations based on limited number of specimens." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). All other character states overlap with character variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB70D7AFD30FF4AF171588E" ID-CoL="6ZBF8" box="[758,868,191,216]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norrisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFD30FF4AF171588E" box="[758,868,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. norrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB70D7AFB75FF4AF758588E" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" box="[1203,1357,191,216]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFB75FF4AF758588E" box="[1203,1357,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has to be enhanced as soon as new material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB70D7AFD25FF10F10D58A9" box="[739,792,229,255]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality becomes available. Also, it is necessary to investigate the possible synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB70D7AFD98FEF9F0CF5973" ID-CoL="4Z69H" box="[606,730,268,293]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bombyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFD98FEF9F0CF5973" box="[606,730,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. bombyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB70D7AFCE3FEF9F17C5970" box="[805,873,268,294]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see descriptions by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFB70D7AFBAFFEF9F6E85970" author="Okuda" box="[1129,1277,268,294]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" refString="Okuda, S. (1937) Spioniform polychaetes from Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science of the Hokkaido Imperial University, (G), 5 (3), 217 - 254." type="journal article" year="1937">Okuda 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF902D80FFB70D7AFAFFFEF9F2C6591A" author="Imajima" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" refString="Imajima, M. (1991). Spionidae (Annnelida, Polychaeta) from Japan VII. The genus Spiophanes. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo Ser. A (Zoology), 17, 115 - 137." type="journal article" year="1991">Imajima 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C012BF2FFB70D7AFED8FEC7F3A3591D" ID-CoL="6ZBHQ" box="[286,438,306,331]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spiophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFED8FEC7F3A3591D" box="[286,438,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. uschakowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBE5071FFB70D7AFF03FEADF39D59CC" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9758C63FFB70D7AFF03FEADF0305924" bold="true" box="[197,549,344,370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BAEED3FFB70D7AFCC3FEACF12E5925" box="[773,827,345,371]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31610E1FFB70D7AFB95FEACF6885925" box="[1107,1181,345,371]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, NW Pacific Ocean; elsewhere uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |