181 lines
21 KiB
XML
181 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="70328F1ABC7BFD7634765E65B5421299">Illustrated catalogue of Neotropical Ctenuchina, Euchromiina and Pericopina types (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) described by Hans Zerny, with discussion on their taxonomic status</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="0F0992B8FA319A78E9E01AFDE2A024D2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A6E84CFF93FFDAEC8E41BFB7FFFF0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6091997" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119599097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6091997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6E84CFF93FFDAEC8E41BFB7FFFF0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6E84CFF93FFDAEC8E41BFB7FFFF0D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF93FFD9EC8E41BFB4BAF9F6" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9EC8E41BFB5F3F9D5" blockId="9.[151,432,1522,1582]" box="[151,432,1522,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<heading id="D0F8EE36FF93FFD9EC8E41BFB5F3F9D5" bold="true" box="[151,432,1522,1549]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EC8E41BFB5F3F9D5" authority="Zerny, 1931" authorityName="Zerny" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,432,1522,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maternum">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E41BFB5F3F9D5" bold="true" box="[151,432,1522,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E41BFB556F9D4" bold="true" box="[151,277,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">maternum</emphasis>
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Zerny, 1931
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9EC8E4258B4BAF9F6" blockId="9.[151,432,1522,1582]" box="[151,249,1557,1582]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133445DFFF93FFD9EC864258B4B2F9F6" box="[159,241,1557,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 24. 1" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1754,1776]" captionTargetBox="[233,1341,193,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[233,1341,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 24. 1) Eucyane phanoptoides (Lectotype); 2) Eucyane variabilis flavofasciata (Lectotype); 3) Eucyane variabilis variabilis (Lectotype); 4) Pseudophaloe xiphydria (Holotype); 5) Pseudosphenoptera boyi (Holotype); 6) Correbia rufescens columbiana (Lectotype); 7) Diptilum [sic] crassum (Holotype); 8) Ptychotrichos [sic] fenestrifer (Holotype); 9) Episcepsis flavipuncta (Lectotype); 10) Schasiura gymnelioides (Holotype); 11) Heliura hagmanni (Lectotype); 12) Cercopimorpha hoffmanni (Lectotype); 13) Teucer imbecillus (Holotype); 14) Desmotricha josioides (Lectotype); 15) Eucereon lychnis (Lectotype); 16) Eucereon maternum (Holotype); 17) Episcepsis melanoneura (Lectotype); 18) Episcepsis nereus (Lectotype); 19) Ceramidia pinguis (Holotype); 20) Ctenucha reimoseri (Holotype); 21) Episcepsis rotundipennis (Lectotype); 22) Eucereon sericeum (Lectotype); 23) Pompiliodes acroleuca (Lectotype); 24) Calonotos acutipennis (Lectotype). Scale bars: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/240541/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF93FFD9EC8E4213B7A1F923" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9EC8E4213B14AF94A" blockId="9.[151,1435,1629,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1F7E74FF93FFD9EC8E4213B14AF94A" infered="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EC8E4213B663F9AB" authority="Zerny, 1931b: 24" authorityName="Zerny" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,544,1629,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maternum">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E4213B526F9AB" box="[151,357,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Eucereon maternum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE7F4BFF93FFD9ED774213B663F9AB" author="Zerny" box="[366,544,1629,1651]" page="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" year="1931">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9ED774213B5B8F9AB" author="Zerny" box="[366,507,1629,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Zerny, H. (1931 b) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syntomiden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 45, 1 - 27 + 1 plate." type="book chapter" year="1931" yearSuffix="b">Zerny, 1931b</bibRefCitation>
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: 24
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(Taf. 1, fig. 24).
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<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9EECE4210B776F9AB" box="[727,821,1629,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male [fixed by monotypy]:
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<collectingCountry id="F31819CAFF93FFD9E8444213B0E3F9AB" box="[1117,1184,1630,1651]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">PERU</collectingCountry>
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, Madre de Dios,
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<quantity id="4CF7F4BFFF93FFD9E94C4210B1D8F9AB" box="[1365,1435,1629,1651]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
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(Garlepp), with two labels “S.
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<collectingCountry id="F31819CAFF93FFD9EDE44230B66DF94A" box="[509,558,1661,1682]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, obr. Madre de Dios,
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<quantity id="4CF7F4BFFF93FFD9EF114231B712F94A" box="[776,849,1660,1682]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
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”, and “
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF834231B0E8F94A" authority="Zerny" authorityName="Zerny" box="[922,1195,1660,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maternum">Eucereon maternum Zerny</taxonomicName>
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♂
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<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9E8D24231B0B8F94A" box="[1227,1275,1660,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">type</typeStatus>
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”.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9EC8E42F3B759F90F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1726,2003]" box="[151,794,1726,1751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E42F3B5DFF90F" bold="true" box="[151,412,1726,1751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Current combination.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EDBA42F2B755F90F" authority="Zerny, 1931" authorityName="Zerny" authorityYear="1931" box="[419,790,1727,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maternum">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EDBA42F2B6C5F90E" box="[419,646,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Eucereon maternum</emphasis>
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Zerny, 1931
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFD9ECDE42AFB7A1F923" blockId="9.[151,1437,1726,2003]" box="[199,994,1762,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ECDE42AFB589F923" bold="true" box="[199,458,1762,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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||
Condition of the
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<typeStatus id="54B4E7F8FF93FFD9ED8942AFB586F923" box="[400,453,1762,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">type</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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Tips of the antennae broken. Hindlegs missing.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3150AD1FF93FFDAECDE434BB7FFFF0D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB0595AFF93FFDAECDE434BB7FFFF0D" blockId="9.[151,1437,1726,2003]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ECDE434BB578F8C7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1798,1823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species is part of a small group of species currently placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E827434AB0EBF8C6" box="[1086,1192,1799,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E827434AB0EBF8C6" box="[1086,1192,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Eucereon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but that certainly do not belong in this genus. This group is here defined as comprising
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EFBA4361B07EF89B" box="[931,1085,1836,1859]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EFBA4361B079F89B" box="[931,1082,1836,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maternum">E. maternum</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E85E4361B48CF8BF" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirroratum">
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<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E85E4361B152F89B" box="[1095,1297,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. fuscoirroratum</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9E9054367B48CF8BF" author="Rothschild" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9ECC54302B5A9F8BF" authority="Druce, 1901" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1901" box="[220,490,1870,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birchelli">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9ECC54302B51AF8BF" box="[220,345,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. birchelli</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9ED794302B5A9F8BF" author="Druce" box="[352,490,1871,1895]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Druce, H. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7 (7), 74 - 79. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930108678441" type="journal article" year="1901">Druce, 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EDEE4302B774F8BF" authority="Draudt, 1917" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1917" box="[503,823,1870,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplicatum">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EDEE4302B6DEF8BF" box="[503,669,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. perplicatum</emphasis>
|
||
Draudt, 1917
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EF5C4302B032F8BF" authority="Druce, 1894" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1894" box="[837,1137,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pometinum">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EF5C4302B7A2F8BE" box="[837,993,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. pometinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EFFE4302B032F8BF" author="Druce" box="[999,1137,1871,1895]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Druce, H. (1894) Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera from Central America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (13), 168 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939408677682" type="journal article" year="1894">Druce, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E8664302B1D6F8BF" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[1151,1429,1870,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E8664302B08CF8BE" box="[1151,1231,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. strix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9E8CF4303B1D6F8BF" author="Rothschild" box="[1238,1429,1870,1895]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EC8E4339B5FCF853" authority="Schaus, 1896" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,447,1906,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EC8E4339B560F853" box="[151,291,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. velutinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9ED33433FB5FCF853" author="Schaus" box="[298,447,1906,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Schaus, W. (1896) New species of Heterocera from Tropical America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 4, 130 - 145." type="journal article" year="1896">Schaus, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and, possibly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EE754339B7D7F853" authority="Schaus, 1904" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1904" box="[620,916,1906,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irroratum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EE754339B6BBF853" box="[620,760,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. irroratum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EEE7433FB7D7F853" author="Schaus" box="[766,916,1906,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Schaus, W. (1904) New species of American Heterocera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 30, 135 - 178." type="journal article" year="1904">Schaus, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EFB84339B0E2F853" authority="Druce, 1906" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1906" box="[929,1185,1906,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sadana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EFB84339B052F853" box="[929,1041,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. sadana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9E80E433EB0E2F853" author="Druce" box="[1047,1185,1906,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Druce, H. (1906) Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera from Tropical South. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7 (18), 77 - 94. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930608562584" type="journal article" year="1906">Druce, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9E8C44339B48CF877" authority="Draudt, 1917" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9E8C44339B103F853" box="[1245,1344,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">E. sarisa</emphasis>
|
||
Draudt, 1917
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species most likely do not belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EEC943DBB711F877" box="[720,850,1942,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Ctenuchina">Ctenuchina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EFB343DBB00EF877" box="[938,1101,1942,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Phaegopterina">Phaegopterina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though the same is probably true for the core concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EE1B43F1B706F80B" authority="Travassos 1959" authorityName="Travassos" authorityYear="1959" box="[514,837,1978,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eucereon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B8548FF93FFD9EE1B43F1B62FF80B" box="[514,620,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="514">Eucereon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF93FFD9EE9A43F6B77EF80B" author="Travassos" box="[643,829,1978,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" refString="Travassos, L. (1959) Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos Arctiidae. XLII. Genero Eucereon Huebner, 1819 (Lepidoptera, Heterocera). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 57 (2), 171 - 190. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761959000200004" type="journal article" year="1959">Travassos 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and though
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F22D9FF93FFD9EFF243F7B0C8F80B" box="[1003,1163,1978,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Phaegopterina">Phaegopterina</taxonomicName>
|
||
itself is probably not monophyletic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E24ABFF90FFDAED5D44DAB628FF68" author="Jacobson" box="[324,619,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="515" refString="Jacobson, N. L. & Weller, S. J. (2002) A cladistic study of the Arctiidae (Lepidoptera) by using characters of immatures and adults. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology: Monographs. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, 97 pp." type="book" year="2002">Jacobson & Weller 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For all these reasons a comprehensive study must be carried out to ascertain the composition of this group, and its phylogenetic placement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |