472 lines
54 KiB
XML
472 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="E578DF662402F2255D5F8BA07C5C1B87" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214977" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77ee786b-c3de-46c0-a2e8-9247decffea5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214977" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460494379731" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sh, Hossein Rajaei, Stüning, Dieter & Trusch, Robert" docDate="2012" docId="03A487B45739FF8072A7A10BF315DB83" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03360p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3360" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gnopharmia kasrunensis Wehrli" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FF9DFFCC572CFF977230A44DF034D952" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698310700469" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9D749309AF4EB33F896801F51AE45827">
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<mods:title id="FBEA9D88C420E36C36C40B171607E6A8">Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C098FF57A7FAFBF92173A13C3F87C39E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="09A638FDD54BECBF710FAEBB33256323">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D3606BB9F524E667367C849B79EE319A">Sh, Hossein Rajaei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DFF95A573B88206E64527FD10CCC1488">Stüning, Dieter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="791FA5FBC320D655A42562999B522E28">Trusch, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="178A8438C6AE069239EF902F230ECFDF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="71052AE6890BC430FD43785563C0D64C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="32B55F6A2ED773395F7C8547E3BF3C61">
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<mods:date id="C4A4BEDD3A1BA92C0F6F643B7907E138">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E97591DC595AE48662604C5C59F27453" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6607E44E3D9789F56766D45AEC6F7299">3360</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C8FD7CB66330111D9CAE5565E759544F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1C0F0D045771E5BB19229D2B6E0F11FA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.214977</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A487B45739FF8072A7A10BF315DB83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6177446" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119520350" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6177446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487B45739FF8072A7A10BF315DB83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487B45739FF8072A7A10BF315DB83" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="C31765295739FF8272A7A10BF1D3DCD3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8272A7A10BF212DC32" blockId="21.[151,550,1350,1409]" box="[151,550,1350,1376]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="D0FA81CE5739FF8272A7A10BF212DC32" bold="true" box="[151,550,1350,1376]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272A7A10BF212DC32" ID-CoL="3GNDL" authority="Wehrli" authorityName="Wehrli" box="[151,550,1350,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A10BF212DC32" bold="true" box="[151,550,1350,1376]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A10BF1FEDC32" bold="true" box="[151,458,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia kasrunensis</emphasis>
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||
Wehrli
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8272A7A124F1D3DCD3" blockId="21.[151,550,1350,1409]" box="[151,487,1385,1409]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A275739FF8272AFA124F173DCD3" box="[159,327,1385,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 19. G" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[182,1399,223,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 19. G. kasrunensis. 15: lectotype, male, 16: paralectotype, female, 17: “ G. musandamensis ”, from Musandam (Oman); 18: G. colchidaria objectaria, lectotype, male, 19: G. c o l c h i d a r i a degeneraria, lectotype, male; a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214983/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 15, 16, 17</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="13362A275739FF82735BA124F1BEDCD3" box="[363,394,1385,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 41 – 42" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[193,1405,227,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 41 – 42. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 41: G. kasrunensis, paralectotype, gen. prep: 412 / 2008 H. R., SEM prep. 5 / 2009 H. R., 42: G. cocandaria cocandaria, holotype, gen. prep: 2225 - DS, SEM prep. 15 / 2009 H. R. a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scales); d. sternite A 8. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214990/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">41</figureCitation>
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; Map 2)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31765295739FF8272A7A1FCF384DF74" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8272A7A1FCF256DCB4" blockId="21.[151,1436,1457,1574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272A7A1FCF265DC94" ID-CoL="3GNDL" authority="Wehrli, 1939: 70" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,593,1457,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A1FCF1ACDC95" box="[151,408,1457,1479]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia kasrunensis</emphasis>
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Wehrli, 1939: 70
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF82706DA1FCF28EDC94" box="[605,698,1457,1478]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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11 3, 6 Ƥ, ZFMK (examined).
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<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF82763CA1FFF40ADC95" box="[1036,1086,1458,1479]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
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localities: Kasrun, Kunar Takteh, SW.
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<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF8272C7A19DF117DCB7" box="[247,291,1488,1509]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iran</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF82731CA19DF256DCB4" bold="true" box="[300,610,1487,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF82731CA19DF1A3DCB7" box="[300,407,1488,1509]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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designated herein.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8272A7A1BDF384DF74" blockId="21.[151,1436,1457,1574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D118C5739FF8272A7A1BDF384DF74" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272A7A1BDF269DF54" ID-CoL="3GNDL" authority="Wehrli, 1953: 567" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityPageNumber="567" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,605,1520,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A1BDF1A2DF54" box="[151,406,1520,1542]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia kasrunensis</emphasis>
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: Wehrli, 1953: 567
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 47f;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35739FF827086A1BDF369DF54" author="Rajaei" box="[694,861,1520,1542]" page="65" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2010">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535739FF827086A1BDF30FDF57" author="Rajaei" box="[694,827,1520,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Rajaei, H. (2010) Life-history of Gnopharmia kasrunensis Wehrli, 1939 and G. colchidaria Lederer, 1870 (Geometridae, Ennominae) and their distribution in Iran, with first host-plant records for the genus. Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (1), 65 - 73." type="journal article" year="2010">Rajaei, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 65
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–73;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35739FF8271A2A1BCF4B9DF54" author="Parsons" box="[914,1165,1520,1542]" page="406" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535739FF8271A2A1BCF46FDF57" author="Parsons" box="[914,1115,1520,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Parsons, M. S., Scoble, M. J., Honey, H. R., Pitkin, L. M. & Pitkin, R. B. (1999) The catalogue. in: Scoble, M. J., ed. Geometrid Moths of the world: a catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 1046 pp." type="book" year="1999">Parsons et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 406
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272A7A242F18ADF77" box="[151,446,1551,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A242F18ADF77" box="[151,446,1551,1573]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia musandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535739FF8273F5A242F2E7DF77" author="Wiltshire" box="[453,723,1551,1573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. & Legrain, A. (1998) Provisional Checklist of the Macro-heterocera [Lepidoptera] of the UAE. TRIBULUS (Bulletin of the Emirates Natural History Group), 8 (2), 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1998">Wiltshire & Legrain, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8270EDA25DF37FDF77" bold="true" box="[733,843,1552,1573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">nom. nud.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A275739FF827168A242F397DF74" box="[856,931,1551,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 19. G" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[182,1399,223,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 19. G. kasrunensis. 15: lectotype, male, 16: paralectotype, female, 17: “ G. musandamensis ”, from Musandam (Oman); 18: G. colchidaria objectaria, lectotype, male, 19: G. c o l c h i d a r i a degeneraria, lectotype, male; a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214983/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31765295739FF8172A7A21EF104D86D" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8272A7A21EF4BEDFE0" blockId="21.[151,1437,1618,2002]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A21EF276DF39" bold="true" box="[151,578,1618,1643]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF8272A7A21EF0E6DF39" box="[151,210,1619,1643]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material examined.
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||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF8273FBA21EF276DF39" box="[459,578,1619,1643]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
3 (hereby designated in order to stabilize nomenclature): ‘Jran [
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<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF827719A21EF56FDF38" box="[1321,1371,1619,1642]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iran</collectingCountry>
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||
] mer. occ. [
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<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF8272EAA23AF13BDFDC" box="[218,271,1655,1678]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fars</collectingCountry>
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||
] | Kasrun [Kazerun] | Kunar Takteh |
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||
<quantity id="4CF59B475739FF8270C2A23BF377DFDC" box="[754,835,1654,1678]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF827166A23BF3A4DFDC" box="[854,912,1654,1678]" name="India" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ende</collectingCountry>
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||
<date id="FFB310625739FF8271AFA23BF3EADFDC" box="[927,990,1654,1678]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1938-03">III.38</date>
|
||
[1938]’; Coll.
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675739FF8276AEA23AF4DBDFDC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[1182,1263,1655,1678]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF827731A23AF545DFDD" box="[1281,1393,1655,1679]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
3,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272A7A2D7F279DFE0" authority="Wehrli, 1939" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,589,1690,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272A7A2D7F185DFE0" box="[151,433,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli, 1939
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, des. Rajaei, Stüning & Trusch, 2011’ (see fig. 15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25739FF8172F7A2F3F104D86D" blockId="21.[151,1437,1618,2002]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF8272F7A2F3F15BDF84" box="[199,367,1726,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: 1 3, same data and locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF8270DEA2F3F36CDF84" box="[750,856,1726,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; 1 3, same data and locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF8276E8A2F3F576DF84" box="[1240,1346,1726,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, Wehrli genitalia slide no. 7257; 1 3, same data and locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF827106A2AFF394DFA8" box="[822,928,1762,1786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF827188A2AFF538DFA8" authority="Stgr." authorityName="Stgr." box="[952,1292,1762,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF827188A2AFF4F9DFA8" box="[952,1229,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
Stgr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF827728A2AFF0D1DE4C" authority="Wehrli" authorityName="Wehrli" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF827728A2AFF5A8DFA8" box="[1304,1436,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3 Holotype’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8273AEA34BF2DBDE4C" authority="Stgr." authorityName="Stgr." box="[414,751,1798,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8273AEA34BF285DE4C" box="[414,689,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
Stgr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8270C9A34BF3E2DE4C" authority="Wehrli" authorityName="Wehrli" box="[761,982,1798,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8270C9A34BF349DE4C" box="[761,893,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, abgebildet Seitz IV. Suppl. fig.’; ‘gen. prep. 412/ 2008 H. R.’; 1 Ƥ, same data and locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005739FF827136A367F344DE10" box="[774,880,1834,1858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, Prep. SEM 40/ 2010; 3 3, ‘Jran [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF8276C4A366F512DE10" box="[1268,1318,1835,1858]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
] mer. occ. [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF8272AEA302F0E7DE34" box="[158,211,1871,1894]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fars</collectingCountry>
|
||
] | Kasrun |
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B475739FF827366A303F194DE34" box="[342,416,1870,1894]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325739FF82739DA303F1D2DE34" box="[429,486,1870,1894]" name="India" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ende</collectingCountry>
|
||
<date id="FFB310625739FF8273DEA303F21FDE34" box="[494,555,1870,1894]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1938-04">IV.38</date>
|
||
[1938]’; 1 3, same data and locality (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8271C6A302F53BDE34" box="[1014,1295,1870,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8271C6A302F53BDE34" box="[1014,1295,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">G. colchidaria sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 1 3, same data and locality, gen. prep. 915/ 2010 H. R. (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF82709FA33EF307DED8" box="[687,819,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF82709FA33EF307DED8" box="[687,819,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 1 Ƥ same data and locality, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8276BCA33FF0FFDEFC" authority="Stgr." authorityName="Stgr." class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8276BCA33FF5AFDED8" box="[1164,1435,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
Stgr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8272E5A3DBF1ECDEFC" authority="Wehrli, P" authorityName="Wehrli, P" box="[213,472,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8272E5A3DBF16EDEFC" box="[213,346,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli, Ƥ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Allotype’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF82705BA3DBF38BDEFC" authority="Stgr." authorityName="Stgr." box="[619,959,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF82705BA3DBF34BDEFC" box="[619,895,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gnopharmia maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
Stgr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215739FF8271FAA3DBF493DEFC" authority="Wehrli" authorityName="Wehrli" box="[970,1191,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05739FF8271FAA3DBF47ADEFC" box="[970,1102,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, abgebildet Seitz IV. Suppl. fig.’, ‘gen. prep. 885/ 2009 H. R.’, 2 Ƥ, same data and locality, Prep. SEM-19/2010 & genitalia slide 886/ 2009; 1 Ƥ, same data and locality (=
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81700BA4D5F28FD9E2" box="[571,699,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. i r a k e n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
).—Collectors of E. Pfeiffer, Munich. All
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF8176A8A4D5F4E7D9E2" box="[1176,1235,152,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">types</typeStatus>
|
||
in coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE67573AFF817701A4D5F5B7D9FD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[1329,1411,152,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
. 2 3, 2 Ƥ, ‘N-Oman, Musandam | env. Sayhakil,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B47573AFF817098A4F1F31CD986" box="[680,808,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="600.0">600–950 m</quantity>
|
||
| 28.04. et 0 3.05.1992 | [leg.] A. Legrain, J. Plante | Fr. Aulombard’, ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF817303A492F1AED9A5" box="[307,410,223,247]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817393A4ADF2DFD9AA" box="[419,747,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musandamensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817393A4ADF2DFD9AA" box="[419,747,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gnopharmia musandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57CB573AFF8170C4A4ADF31DD9A5" box="[756,809,224,247]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Wiltshire, in lit.’, ‘gen. preps 418/2008, 913/2010 (3), 417/ 2008 (Ƥ), H. R.’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817391A548F2E8D84E" authority="Wehrli, 1939" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityYear="1939" box="[417,732,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817391A548F277D84E" box="[417,579,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli, 1939
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
| det. H. R., 2009’; Additional material studied: 221 3, 177 Ƥ, see appendix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176529573AFF8172F7A506F43CDD5D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A2573AFF8172F7A506F43CDD5D" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172F7A506F16DD836" bold="true" box="[199,345,331,356]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings and body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A27573AFF817005A501F2E6D836" box="[565,722,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 15 – 19. G" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[182,1399,223,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 15 – 19. G. kasrunensis. 15: lectotype, male, 16: paralectotype, female, 17: “ G. musandamensis ”, from Musandam (Oman); 18: G. colchidaria objectaria, lectotype, male, 19: G. c o l c h i d a r i a degeneraria, lectotype, male; a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214983/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs 15 & 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons conically extended, with a separate central process set into a distal depression. Genae with a strong antero-ventral process. Free apical flagellomeres in male antennae 12. Forelegs with a long tibial spine. Wingspan
|
||
<date id="FFB31062573AFF8170A0A5D9F2C7D8FE" box="[656,755,404,428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1922-03-29">
|
||
3
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B47573AFF81709DA5D9F2C7D8FE" box="[685,755,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="22.0">22–29</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
mm. Ground colour of wings light cream or greyish-white; transverse lines indicated by a few rather distinct, dark brown spots, slightly suffused with orange, those on costa rather larger and without orange hue. Postmedial row consisting of more numerous but smaller spots which are also rather orange than brown. Broad, dark grey submarginal bands present, bordered distally by the light, dentate submarginal line; marginal area sometimes light as ground colour, but often also suffused darker brown or grey (then the whitish apical patch very distinct). Discal dots blackish brown. Hindwings with colour and pattern elements similar, submarginal band broad. Under side with basal two thirds almost white, suffused with greyishbrown scales, more strongly so in the forewings. Discal dots blackish-brown, clearly marked, a white apical patch present in forewings. Submarginal bands very distinct, blackish-brown, proximal border strongly curved, its posterior end running into tornus or even into termen, often leaving the tornus in the hind wings white. Variation is very low in this species. Rarely the width of the submarginal bands on under side may be reduced, in a few specimens strongly so. Despite the large number of specimens we examined, we have not seen forms as they frequently occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817342A708F225DA0E" box="[370,529,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817342A708F225DA0E" box="[370,529,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817005A708F2E7DA0E" box="[565,723,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocandaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817005A708F2E7DA0E" box="[565,723,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. cocandaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g. ground colour strongly suffused with dark grey or brown). Male genitalia and pre-genital abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A27573AFF81705DA72AF2F6DA2D" box="[621,706,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 41 – 42" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[193,1405,227,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 41 – 42. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 41: G. kasrunensis, paralectotype, gen. prep: 412 / 2008 H. R., SEM prep. 5 / 2009 H. R., 42: G. cocandaria cocandaria, holotype, gen. prep: 2225 - DS, SEM prep. 15 / 2009 H. R. a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scales); d. sternite A 8. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214990/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tooth-like projections of sacculus are of equal size. Aedeagus short (1.2–1.5 mm) and stout, with 2–6 proximal subapical spines of different length (up to 0.3 mm), longest spines exceeding the tip of the aedeagus shaft. Distal subapical spines completely absent, a large, multiple cornutus present on vesica. Ventral fin of aedeagus well developed (exceeding ½ diameter of the shaft). Octavals long (> 0.5 mm), with a wide, u-shaped gap between them, terminal parts strongly curved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176529573AFF8072F7A056F31DDB4F" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A2573AFF8172F7A056F360DCB6" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172F7A056F175DD66" bold="true" box="[199,321,1051,1076]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Externally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8173F8A050F25EDD66" box="[456,618,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8173F8A050F25EDD66" box="[456,618,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly resembles the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81714BA051F3C0DD66" box="[891,1012,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81714BA051F3C0DD66" box="[891,1012,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’-form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817652A050F534DD66" box="[1122,1280,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocandaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817652A050F534DD66" box="[1122,1280,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. cocandaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, the spotting is even a bit stronger in that form and the wing-shape more elongate. Also the shape of the aedeagus and the arrangement of spines are similar. However, the aedeagus is narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8171D9A029F45DDD2E" box="[1001,1129,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocandaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8171D9A029F45DDD2E" box="[1001,1129,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">cocandaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the proximal subapical spines do not exceed the tip of the shaft. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8170C7A0C5F342DDF2" box="[759,886,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocandaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8170C7A0C5F342DDF2" box="[759,886,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">cocandaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks a cornutus, but has some distal, tooth-like spines which are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8173E3A0E1F263DD96" box="[467,599,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8173E3A0E1F263DD96" box="[467,599,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, both species do not occur sympatrically.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8176F1A0E0F57CDD96" box="[1217,1352,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8176F1A0E0F57CDD96" box="[1217,1352,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8177B4A0E0F1A1DDBA" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8177B4A0E0F1A1DDBA" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. colchidaria sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are species frequently collected together with
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8171F7A09DF467DDBA" box="[967,1107,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8171F7A09DF47BDDBA" box="[967,1103,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">kasrunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The former is very similar externally, just a little more brownish in ground colour and less distinctly spotted on upperside, the under side being extremely similar. But there are a number of characters clearly distinguishing both (see description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8172A7A171F0C8DC06" box="[151,252,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172A7A171F0C8DC06" box="[151,252,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and diagnoses of previous species).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8170AEA170F37DDC06" box="[670,841,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8170AEA170F37DDC06" box="[670,841,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8171FAA171F47BDC06" box="[970,1103,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8171FAA171F47BDC06" box="[970,1103,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the shape of the frons and male antennae, but has a longer and narrower aedeagus with much shorter proximal spines, arranged in a straight row. In addition, there is one rather large distal spine present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817142A1C9F3D6DCCE" box="[882,994,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817142A1C9F3D6DCCE" box="[882,994,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Octavals are long in all three species, but strongly curved in the distal parts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817052A1E5F2D2DC92" box="[610,742,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817052A1E5F2D2DC92" box="[610,742,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only (fig. 41). Barcoding results (see fig. 54) indicate a clear distinctness of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81730FA181F1F7DCB6" box="[319,451,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81730FA181F1F7DCB6" box="[319,451,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81708EA181F379DCB6" box="[702,845,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81708EA181F379DCB6" box="[702,845,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gnopharmia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A2573AFF8072F7A1A2F337D84F" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,721]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172F7A1A2F1BADF5A" bold="true" box="[199,398,1519,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Taxonomic note.</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli (1939: 70–71) based the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817182A1BDF463DF5A" box="[946,1111,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817182A1BDF463DF5A" box="[946,1111,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BFD2B573AFF8176B6A1BDF4D8DF5A" box="[1158,1260,1520,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="male">11 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BFD2B573AFF817716A1BDF5ACDF5A" box="[1318,1432,1520,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, without designating a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF8173A4A259F1CEDF7E" box="[404,506,1556,1580]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Nine males and all females could be found in his collection, which is part of the ZFMK
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8172C1A275F14CDF02" box="[241,376,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
collection. As can be seen by his hand-written labels, he originally intended to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8172A7A211F12FDF26" box="[151,283,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172A7A211F12FDF26" box="[151,283,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8173C8A210F2A5DF26" box="[504,657,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8173C8A210F2A5DF26" box="[504,657,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81714FA210F42ADF26" box="[895,1054,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocandaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81714FA210F42ADF26" box="[895,1054,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. cocandaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). He knew
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817696A211F52BDF26" box="[1190,1311,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817696A211F52BDF26" box="[1190,1311,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
well, even the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF8172F5A2CCF137DFCB" box="[197,259,1665,1689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, of which he had made photos by himself (l. c., p. 70 and 1953: 567). Wiltshire later (1967: 157) incorrectly stated that “In his revision of this genus in Seitz IV, Suppl., Wehrli omitted mention of this form (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF817290A285F12DDFB2" box="[160,281,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF817290A285F12DDFB2" box="[160,281,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">maculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), described by Staudinger from Samarkand….” In fact, he mentioned it and compared it with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8172A7A2A1F12FDE56" box="[151,283,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172A7A2A1F12FDE56" box="[151,283,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF8173D1A2A0F225DE57" box="[481,529,1773,1797]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series, we found one male and one female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81761EA2A0F481DE56" box="[1070,1205,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81761EA2A0F481DE56" box="[1070,1205,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one male of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8177B4A2A0F1A8DE7A" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8177B4A2A0F1ACDE7A" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">G. colchidaria sinesefida</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
misidentified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81705FA35DF2CFDE7A" box="[623,763,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81705FA35DF2C3DE7A" box="[623,759,1808,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">kasrunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Therefore it was necessary to designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF817737A35DF559DE7A" box="[1287,1389,1808,1832]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8172A7A379F12FDE1E" box="[151,283,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8172A7A379F12FDE1E" box="[151,283,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Wehrli labelled a male and a female as ‘holotype’ and ‘allotype’, an invalid subsequent
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF81775CA378F5A8DE1F" box="[1388,1436,1845,1869]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
designation. We chose another male of better quality (with complete set of legs and antennae) as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68800573AFF8176E4A315F50FDE22" box="[1236,1339,1880,1904]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(see fig. 15).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B53573AFF8172FAA331F226DEC6" author="Wiltshire" box="[202,530,1916,1940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. & Legrain, A. (1998) Provisional Checklist of the Macro-heterocera [Lepidoptera] of the UAE. TRIBULUS (Bulletin of the Emirates Natural History Group), 8 (2), 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1998">Wiltshire and Legrain (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published two photos of a male and a female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF81760AA331F4FDDEC6" box="[1082,1225,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF81760AA331F4FDDEC6" box="[1082,1225,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gnopharmia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573AFF8176EAA331F5BFDEC6" box="[1242,1419,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573AFF8176EAA331F5BFDEC6" box="[1242,1419,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">musandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’, but without adding a description. According to article 13 of the ICZN (Fourth edition, 1999) this name is not available. Requirements for availability of new names published after 1930 include a description or definition to differentiate the taxon.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF80739DA4D5F2B6D9E2" box="[429,642,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF80739DA4D5F2B6D9E2" box="[429,642,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. musandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
therefore is a nomen nudum, but it is clearly conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF8077B4A4D5F12FD986" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8077B4A4D5F12FD986" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and represents an interesting new locality for this species. On the other hand, we could not find distinguishing characters that would allow us to treat the population from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF8071D4A492F41CD9A5" box="[996,1064,223,247]" name="Oman" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
as a distinct subspecies (see fig. 17). To decide this question more material is necessary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A2573BFF8072F7A56AF31DDB4F" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,721]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8072F7A56AF1C1D812" bold="true" box="[199,501,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Life history and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Larval stages and biology are described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B53573BFF8071CEA56AF4A9D86D" author="Rajaei" box="[1022,1181,295,319]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Rajaei, H. (2010) Life-history of Gnopharmia kasrunensis Wehrli, 1939 and G. colchidaria Lederer, 1870 (Geometridae, Ennominae) and their distribution in Iran, with first host-plant records for the genus. Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (1), 65 - 73." type="journal article" year="2010">Rajaei (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, morphology of eggs, larvae and a setal map chaetotaxial scheme of larva are figured. Larvae (L1–L4) were successfully reared on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF8072A7A53CF247D8D5" box="[151,627,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scoparia" subGenus="Amygdalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8072A7A53CF0DCD8DA" box="[151,232,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Prunus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8072CAA53DF142D8DA" box="[250,374,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amygdalus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8073B8A53CF1DED8DA" box="[392,490,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">scoparia</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Probably, this species is not univoltine, but the number of generations (two or three) could not be stated exactly. The specimens studied here have a flight period from
|
||
<date id="FFB31062573BFF807722A5DAF5A8D8FD" box="[1298,1436,404,431]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9th February</date>
|
||
(Hormozgan, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF807363A5F3F1B7D887" box="[339,387,446,469]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B47573BFF8073A0A5F0F1EED887" box="[400,474,445,469]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="830.0">830 m</quantity>
|
||
) until
|
||
<date id="FFB31062573BFF807017A5F0F2FBD887" box="[551,719,442,469]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12th September</date>
|
||
(Mian-Jangal, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF8071ACA5F0F3F9D887" box="[924,973,445,469]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
), the majority was collected during May and June. All specimens were attracted to artificial light at night. In many localities in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF8076D2A5AFF53BD8AB" box="[1250,1295,482,505]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF807728A5ACF5A8D8AB" box="[1304,1436,481,505]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF807728A5ACF5A8D8AB" box="[1304,1436,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs sympatrically with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF80738FA64BF25CDB4F" box="[447,616,517,542]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF80738FA64BF25CDB4F" box="[447,616,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF8070AEA64BF316DB4F" box="[670,802,517,541]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8070AEA64BF316DB4F" box="[670,802,517,541]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176529573BFF8072F7A664F315DB83" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A2573BFF8072F7A664F315DB83" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,721]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8072F7A664F16DDB10" bold="true" box="[199,345,553,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(Map 2).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF8073FBA667F25BDB13" box="[459,623,553,577]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF8073FBA667F25BDB13" box="[459,623,553,577]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed mainly in South and East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF807605A667F456DB13" box="[1077,1122,554,577]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(central and eastern Zagros mountains), but some populations are also recorded from west of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF8071A6A603F3F3DB37" box="[918,967,590,613]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Single records from central and eastern Alborz mountains show that is also present but rare in the northern parts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF80763AA63FF40EDBDB" box="[1034,1082,626,649]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The newly recorded localities from N.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF8072CCA6D8F174DBFF" box="[252,320,661,685]" name="Oman" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D21573BFF80736CA6DBF239DBFC" box="[348,525,662,686]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB0573BFF80736CA6DBF239DBFC" box="[348,525,662,686]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">musandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’) are rather close (though separated by Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF807675A6D8F495DBFF" box="[1093,1185,661,685]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hormus</collectingCountry>
|
||
) to some of the main localities in E.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7632573BFF80730FA6F7F158DB83" box="[319,364,698,721]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
and therefore are not really surprising.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |