446 lines
58 KiB
XML
446 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="290DE0CEE777F245FD83B33B36D88BFB">Sexual Dimorphism of New Zealand Puppet Beetles (Aderidae, Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea): Systematic Revision, Description of Three New Genera, and Phylogeny for Zenascus, gen. n.</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6F854DCC7034F97D" box="[151,283,1706,1729]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6E314DCC730FF97E" author="Broun, T." box="[291,544,1706,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun 1893: 1357–1358</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6D384DCC73C7F97E" author="Hutton, F. W." box="[554,744,1706,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref40108" refString="Hutton, F. W. (1904) Index Faunae Novae Zealandiae. Dulau & Co., London, 372 pp." type="book" year="1904">Hutton, 1904: 190</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6C6E4DCC756CF97E" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[892,1091,1706,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref40029" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1923) An index of New Zealand beetles. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 54, 353 - 399. [1922]" type="journal article" year="1923">Hudson, 1923: 385</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6B5C4DCC743BF97E" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[1102,1300,1706,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref40063" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1934) New Zealand beetles and their larvae: an elementary introduction to the study of our native Coleoptera, with seventeeen coloured plates. Ferguson & Osborn, Wellington, 236 pp., 17 pls." type="book" year="1934">Hudson, 1934: 204</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6A324DCC701DF95D" author="Franciscolo, M. E." page="149" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1972">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6A324DCC701DF95D" author="Franciscolo, M. E." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="123 - 155" refId="ref39799" refString="Franciscolo, M. E. (1972) Su alcuni generi poco noti di Anaspidinae. Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 51, 123 - 155." type="journal article" year="1972">Franciscolo, 1972: 149</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6E2F4DAF70CAF95D" author="Watt, J. C." box="[317,485,1737,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="111 - 136" refId="ref41482" refString="Watt, J. C. (1987) The family and subfamily classification and New Zealand genera of Pythidae and Scraptiidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 12, 111 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1987. tb 00552. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Watt, 1987: 112</bibRefCitation>
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; Lawrence
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6D4E4DAF73BEF95D" box="[604,657,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et. al</emphasis>
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., 1990: 648;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6C0E4DAF7536F95D" author="Leschen, R. A. & Lawrence, J. F. & Kuschel, G. & Thorpe, S. & Wang, Q." box="[796,1049,1737,1761]" page="24" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6C0E4DAF7536F95D" author="Leschen, R. A. & Lawrence, J. F. & Kuschel, G. & Thorpe, S. & Wang, Q." box="[796,1049,1737,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="15 - 28" refId="ref40741" refString="Leschen, R. A. B, Lawrence, J. F., Kuschel, G., Thorpe, S. & Wang, Q. (2003) Coleoptera genera of New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist, 26, 15 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2003.9722105" type="journal article" year="2003">
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Leschen
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6C6A4DAF7288F95D" box="[888,935,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
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., 2003: 24
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6B374DAF7470F95C" author="Ewers, R. M. & Didham, R. K." box="[1061,1375,1736,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="5426 - 5429" refId="ref39697" refString="Ewers, R. M. & Didham, R. K. (2008) Pervasive impact of large-scale edge effects on a beetle community. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105 (14), 5426 - 5429. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0800460105" type="journal article" year="2008">Ewers & Didham, 2008: 5427</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6E0C4D8E7388F943" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[286,679,1767,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6E0C4D8E730EF943" box="[286,545,1767,1791]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scraptogetus anthracinus</emphasis>
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(by monotypy).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6F854C6070E7F8A2" authority="Broun 1914: 198" authorityName="Broun" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,456,1798,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Metasclera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6F854C607026F8A2" box="[151,265,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Metasclera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6E014C6070E7F8A2" author="Broun, T." box="[275,456,1798,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="143 - 266" refId="ref39305" refString="Broun, T. (1914) Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. Part III. Bulletin of the New Zealand Institute, 1, 143 - 266." type="journal article" year="1914">Broun 1914: 198</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6EC44C60738EF8A2" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[470,673,1798,1822]" page="386" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6EC44C60738EF8A2" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[470,673,1798,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref40029" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1923) An index of New Zealand beetles. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 54, 353 - 399. [1922]" type="journal article" year="1923">Hudson, 1923: 386</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6DBD4C607258F8A2" author="Hudson, G. V." box="[687,887,1798,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref40063" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1934) New Zealand beetles and their larvae: an elementary introduction to the study of our native Coleoptera, with seventeeen coloured plates. Ferguson & Osborn, Wellington, 236 pp., 17 pls." type="book" year="1934">Hudson, 1934: 204</bibRefCitation>
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[implied synonymy];
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6B714C60742CF8A2" author="Watt, J. C." box="[1123,1283,1798,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="111 - 136" refId="ref41482" refString="Watt, J. C. (1987) The family and subfamily classification and New Zealand genera of Pythidae and Scraptiidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 12, 111 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1987. tb 00552. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Watt, 1987:112</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFD4FFEB6A024C60746DF8A2" box="[1296,1346,1798,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6FD54C43737BF881" author="Broun, T." box="[199,596,1829,1853]" page="198" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1914">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6FD54C43737BF881" authority="Broun 1914: 198" authorityName="Broun" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="1914" box="[199,596,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Metasclera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6FD54C4370B0F880" box="[199,415,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Metasclera nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6EB44C43737BF881" author="Broun, T." box="[422,596,1829,1853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="143 - 266" refId="ref39305" refString="Broun, T. (1914) Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. Part III. Bulletin of the New Zealand Institute, 1, 143 - 266." type="journal article" year="1914">Broun 1914: 198</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6D4F4C437235F881" author="Arnett, R. H." box="[605,794,1828,1853]" page="222" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1950">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6D4F4C437235F881" author="Arnett, R. H." box="[605,794,1828,1853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="217 - 225" refId="ref38982" refString="Arnett, R. H. (1950) Generic names of the beetle family Oedemeridae and their type species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40 (7), 217 - 225." type="journal article" year="1950">Arnett, 1950: 222</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D11ACFFD4FFEB6F854C257470F8E7" box="[151,1375,1859,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD4FFEB6F854C257326F8E7" box="[151,521,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD4FFEB6F854C257326F8E7" blockId="10.[151,1437,1706,1884]" box="[151,521,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6F854C25732AF8E7" author="Blackburn, T." box="[151,517,1859,1883]" page="135" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1893">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6F854C25732AF8E7" authority="Blackburn, 1893: 135" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,517,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6F854C257030F8E7" box="[151,287,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pseudananca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6E344C25732AF8E7" author="Blackburn, T." box="[294,517,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="130 - 140" refId="ref39097" refString="Blackburn, T. (1893) Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species, xiii. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 17, 130 - 140." type="journal article" year="1893">Blackburn, 1893: 135</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD4FFEB6D1D4C227470F8E7" box="[527,1375,1859,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD4FFEB6D1D4C227470F8E7" blockId="10.[151,1437,1706,1884]" box="[527,1375,1859,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFD4FFEB6D1D4C22736EF8E0" box="[527,577,1860,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC1093FFD4FFEB6D8C4C257544F8E7" author="Blackburn, T." box="[670,1131,1859,1883]" page="135" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1893">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6D8C4C257544F8E7" authority="Blackburn, 1893: 135" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1893" box="[670,1131,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6D8C4C2572A6F8E7" box="[670,905,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pseudananca ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD4FFEB6C9D4C257544F8E7" author="Blackburn, T." box="[911,1131,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="130 - 140" refId="ref39097" refString="Blackburn, T. (1893) Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species, xiii. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 17, 130 - 140." type="journal article" year="1893">Blackburn, 1893: 135</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(by monotypy).
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6A074C257470F8E7" bold="true" box="[1301,1375,1859,1883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Syn. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD4FFEA6F854CEF70CCFEFD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD4FFEA6F854CEF70CCFEFD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1929,2028]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6F854CEF703DF81F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1929,1955]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD4FFEB6E854CEC7306F818" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[407,553,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD4FFEB6E854CEC7306F818" box="[407,553,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily separated from most other aderid genera based on the elongate body form, the protuberant eyes without any anterior emargination, pronotum narrowed anteriorly from about the middle, the brushes of modified setae present on the metafemora of both males and females, and the complete, distinct su-ture present between abdominal ventrites 1 and 2. Members of this genus most strongly resemble the western North American species ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6E634BDD735DFF68" box="[369,626,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Xylophilus’ constrictus</emphasis>
|
||
Fall. They are easily separated because ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6B5A4BDD7465FF68" box="[1096,1354,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Xylophilus’ constrictus</emphasis>
|
||
has no modified setae on the metafemora whereas members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6C024BB9728DFF45" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[784,930,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6C024BB9728DFF45" box="[784,930,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have dense brushes of modified setae on the metafemora (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD5FFEA6E384A657040FEA1" box="[298,367,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,999,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-385@17.[151,1436,993,1894]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral views of metafemora. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus, male; (B) Scraptogetus anthracinus, female; (C) Scraptogetus arboreus, male (D) Scraptogetus arboreus, female. Scale bar = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297828/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–5D). The overall body length for members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6C954A657536FEA1" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[903,1049,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6C954A657536FEA1" box="[903,1049,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is over
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFD5FFEA6B7D4A657581FEA1" box="[1135,1198,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
whereas
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6A074A65703DFEFC" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">‘Xylophilus’ constrictus</emphasis>
|
||
is less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFD5FFEA6E894A4170F0FEFD" box="[411,479,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD5FFEA6FD54A2C71E5F8F1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD5FFEA6FD54A2C7356F8B9" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6FD54A2C7076FED8" bold="true" box="[199,345,330,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Large size for family, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B67FFD5FFEA6DBC4A2D727AFED9" box="[686,853,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7199999999999998" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="2.31" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.7199999999999998" valueMax="3.13" valueMin="2.31">2.31–3.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Elongate, body about 3× longer than wide. Dorsal surface piceous to brunneous (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6EF94A097344FE35" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[491,619,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6EF94A097344FE35" box="[491,619,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with pronotum rufotestaceous); vestiture uniseriate, clothed with decumbent, fine, very long setae arising anterad of each puncture, without additional setae between punctures except for one seta present between every 5–7 punctures, confined to lateral and apical regions. Ventral vestiture uniseriate. Head gradually, slightly constricted posteriorly, forming slight neck. Eyes strongly protuberant, coarsely faceted, without anterior emargination, with short interfacetal setae. Antennal insertions dorso-anterad of eyes, separated from one another by width of three insertions. Frontoclypeal suture present. Antenna with scape slightly longer than broad; pedicel globular, about 0.5× width of scape; antennomere 3 elongate, longer than pedicel, with base 1/2 that of apex of pedicel; antennomeres 3–7 subequal in length; antennomere 8 slightly shorter than antennomere 7; antennomere 9 slightly shorter than antennomere 8; antennomere 10 slightly shorter than antennomere 11; antennomere 11 subequal in length to antennomere 7. Mandible bidentate. Maxilla with 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6CE749D4752CFD7C" attach="left" box="[1013,1027,690,704]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">rd</superScript>
|
||
palpomere 0.5× length of maxillary palpomere 2, palpomere 4 greatly expanded, width increasing about 4–7× in width from base to apex. Apical labial palpomere slightly expanded, without field of modified setae on ventral aspects. Pronotum broad to subquadrate, width slightly greater or subequal to length, pronotal width 0.5–0.6× elytral width, sides sinuate, anterior angles rounded, posterior angles rounded, basal margin greater than apical margin, disc with two deeply depressed basal fovea and deep subapical transverse sulcus. Prosternal process extremely short, apex acute. Mesonotum with slight central anterior notch, suture between mesonotum and scutellar shield distinct, straight; scutellar shield length great-er than width, posterior margin truncate, lateral apices rounded. Elytral length 2.3–2.6× elytral width, integument with deep, elliptical punctures; subscutellar depression absent; posterior margins rounded, without protrusions. Mesoventrite without procoxal rests; with small, shallow punctation. Mesanepisternum with round, shallow punctation. Mesanepisternal-mesepimeral suture present and not fused. Mesepimeron with round, shallow punctation. Mesoventral process narrow, about 0.5× width of mesocoxa. Meso-metaventral junction with mesoventrite overlapping metaventrite. Metaventrite with shallow, circular punctures, approximately evenly spaced anteriorly; discrimen distinct, with invagination. Metendosternite with moderately long lateral arms; anterior process absent; laminae well-developed; anterior process short. Profemur simple, width subequal basally, medially, and apically. Proleg with tibia gradually expanded in width apically, without apical spine; tarsomeres 1–3 subequal in width, each with ventral expansion; 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6E684F9570AAFABD" attach="left" box="[378,389,1267,1281]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">st</superScript>
|
||
protarsomere 2× longer than protarsomere 2, 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6C854F947288FABC" attach="left" box="[919,935,1266,1280]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">nd</superScript>
|
||
protarsomere 1.5× longer than protarsomere 3, protarsomere 4 reduced, 5
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6EC64E7070CEFA98" attach="left" box="[468,481,1302,1316]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
|
||
protarsomere 4× longer than wide. midleg with femur simple, width subequal basally, medially, and apically; tibia slightly and gradually expanded apically; tarsomeres 1–5 subequal in width; 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6A574E5D747FFAF5" attach="left" box="[1349,1360,1339,1353]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">st</superScript>
|
||
mesotarsomere 3× longer than mesotarsomere 2; 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6D804E38738DFAD0" attach="left" box="[658,674,1374,1388]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">nd</superScript>
|
||
mesotarsomere 2× longer than mesotarsomere 3; 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6BCC4E3875C3FAD0" attach="left" box="[1246,1260,1374,1388]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">rd</superScript>
|
||
mesotarsomere about 2× length of mesotarsomere 4; mesotarsomere 5× longer than wide. Hindleg with femur fusiform, with dense rows of thickened, modified setae on posterior-ventral apices; tibia gradually expanded in width from base to apex; tarsomere 1 elongate, length approximately 10× width; length of metatarsomere subequal to width, expanded ventrally, with adhesive, spatulate setae confined to ventral face; metatarsomere 3 reduced; metatarsomere 4 length approximately 5× width. Abdomen with ventrites 1 and 2 connate, suture indicated laterally and medially, without appressed, thick field of pubescence, length of 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6DD14D5173E1F9F9" attach="left" box="[707,718,1591,1605]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">st</superScript>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C789BCAFFD5FFEA6C054D507208F9F8" attach="left" box="[791,807,1590,1604]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">nd</superScript>
|
||
ventrites combined 2× length of ventrite 3; abdominal process narrowly rounded; length of ventrites 3 and 4 subequal; shallow punctures, subequally spaced apart from one another on ventrites 1–5; ventrite 4 without an elevated plate; ventrite 5 without medial impression. Aedeagus with slight indication between phallobase and apicale; phallobase posteriorly rounded; apicale with well-developed accessory lobes, each with four setae, two long setae and two short setae; penis with anterior struts present, extending past phallobase; apex broadly rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD5FFEA6FD54C6971E5F8F1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6FD54C69701FF895" bold="true" box="[199,304,1807,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Females.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventrite 5 without medial setiferous pit. Apex of last abdominal ventrite and tergite without serration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD5FFEA6FD54C30738EF8CD" box="[199,673,1878,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD5FFEA6FD54C30738EF8CD" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,673,1878,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6FD54C30704EF8CC" bold="true" box="[199,353,1878,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD5FFEA6E754C3170D2F8CD" box="[359,509,1879,1905]" name="New Zealand" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD5FFEA6D204C3173B3F8CD" box="[562,668,1879,1905]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD5FFED6FD54C1D7277FDDE" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD5FFED6FD54C1D7277FDDE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6FD54C1D7014F829" bold="true" box="[199,315,1915,1941]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6E504C1D70FBF829" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[322,468,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6E504C1D70FBF829" box="[322,468,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
keys to subfamily I and tribe 2 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD5FFEA6C434C1D72DBF829" author="Werner, F. G." box="[849,1012,1915,1941]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="187 - 232" refId="ref41536" refString="Werner, F. G. (1990) Revision of the Aderidae of eastern North America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 98 (2), 187 - 232." type="journal article" year="1990">Werner (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
because males of the species have accessory lobes present on the apicale and the metafemora have modified setal brushes in both sexes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD5FFEA6BE74CF971E4F861" author="Hudson, G. V." pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref40063" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1934) New Zealand beetles and their larvae: an elementary introduction to the study of our native Coleoptera, with seventeeen coloured plates. Ferguson & Osborn, Wellington, 236 pp., 17 pls." type="book" year="1934">Hudson (1934: 204)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6E7C4CA573F6F861" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[366,729,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6E7C4CA573A3F861" box="[366,652,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scraptogetus anthracinus</emphasis>
|
||
Broun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD5FFEA6CCF4CA57435F861" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1914" box="[989,1306,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Metasclera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD5FFEA6CCF4CA575E4F860" box="[989,1227,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Metasclera nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
Broun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but did not list the two genera as synonymns; though
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6D7C4BF173DCFF0D" author="Watt, J. C." box="[622,755,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="111 - 136" refId="ref41482" refString="Watt, J. C. (1987) The family and subfamily classification and New Zealand genera of Pythidae and Scraptiidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 12, 111 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1987. tb 00552. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Watt (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did. This implied syonomy is accepted here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6BE24BF174ADFF0D" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[1264,1410,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6BE24BF174ADFF0D" box="[1264,1410,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently restricted to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6E834BDD7308FF69" box="[401,551,187,213]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6D4F4BDD73EBFF69" box="[605,708,187,213]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and is the only genus in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6CC94BDD755EFF69" box="[987,1137,187,213]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
that has a complete suture visibly separating abdominal ventrites 1 and 2. We have examined the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFD2FFED6CF44BB97539FF45" box="[998,1046,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6BB94BB9701DFEA1" authority="Blackburn" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6BB94BB9719EFEA1" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudananca ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
Blackburn
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a complete suture visible between abdominal ventrites 1 and 2, accessory lobes present on the apicale, and the metafemora with modified setal brushes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6C914A417513FEFD" author="Watt, J. C." box="[899,1084,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="111 - 136" refId="ref41482" refString="Watt, J. C. (1987) The family and subfamily classification and New Zealand genera of Pythidae and Scraptiidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 12, 111 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1987. tb 00552. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Watt (1987:112)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6A174A4174B3FEFD" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[1285,1436,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6A174A4174B3FEFD" box="[1285,1436,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudananca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“appears closely related to, but distinct from,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6DB94A2D7262FED9" box="[683,845,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6DB94A2D726CFED9" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[683,835,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scraptogetus</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, distinct, referring to perhaps, the more triangulate antennomeres of the male compared to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6D4E4A0973DBFE35" box="[604,756,367,393]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
forms. The metafemoral brushes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6B854A0974B3FE35" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[1175,1436,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6B854A0974B3FE35" box="[1175,1436,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudananca ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFD2FFED6E3F4AF57072FE11" box="[301,349,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
as that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6D134AF573BCFE11" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[513,659,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6D134AF573BCFE11" box="[513,659,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and are almost indistinguishable from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6A184AF57032FE6D" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6A184AF57032FE6D" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus anthracinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This general shape and location of metafemoral setal brushes are generally conserved within aderid genera. Due to this character and the other similarities, we have chosen to synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6B774ABD75D3FE49" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[1125,1276,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6B774ABD75D3FE49" box="[1125,1276,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudananca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6A2E4ABD71FDFDA4" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6A2E4ABD71FDFDA4" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6E5B4A9970F4FDA5" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[329,475,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6E5B4A9970F4FDA5" box="[329,475,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are included in the key below. ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6C8E4A9975B3FDA4" box="[924,1180,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Xylophilus’ constrictus</emphasis>
|
||
Fall from Arizona and California also has the complete suture present and groups together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6CD04945757BFD81" authorityName="Broun 1893: 1357 -" authorityYear="1358" box="[962,1108,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6CD04945757BFD81" box="[962,1108,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scraptogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a monophyletic group in a preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6D8A49217263FDDE" author="Grzymala, T. L." box="[664,844,583,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref39938" refString="Grzymala, T. L. (2016) Systematics of Puppet Beetles (Coleoptera, Aderidae): Classification, Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution of Sexual Dimorphism. Unpublished PhD. thesis, University of California, Berkeley, California, 409 pp." type="book" year="2016">Grzymala 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD2FFED6FD5490D73ABFD71" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6FD5490D73ABFD71" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6FD5490D70C0FD38" bold="true" box="[199,495,618,645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6EE7490D73D7FD39" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[501,760,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6EE7490D73D7FD39" box="[501,760,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pseudananca ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6C14490D725BFD39" box="[774,884,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B68820FFD2FFED6C14490D7240FD39" box="[774,879,619,645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male (BMNH), labeled: “T 4534 / B7.M [written on cardstock] // Type [circle label] //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6D2249E973EEFD15" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1893" box="[560,705,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudananca</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6DC749E972B1FD15" authority=", Blackb." authorityName="Blackb." box="[725,926,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">ruficollis, Blackb.</taxonomicName>
|
||
[handwritten] // Blackburn / coll. / 1910–236. //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6FBC49D570C6FD71" box="[174,489,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">PSEUDANANCA ruficollis</taxonomicName>
|
||
[blue label]”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFD2FFED6F85487974B3FBFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6F854879732DFC85" blockId="12.[151,514,798,825]" box="[151,514,798,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6F854879732DFC85" bold="true" box="[151,514,798,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Key to species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6E7C4879732DFC85" bold="true" box="[366,514,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scrapogetus</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="FF9C61B3FFD2FFED6F85480274B3FBFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<keyStep id="30F92E27FFD2FFED6F85480274B3FC2A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6F85480274B3FCC6" blockId="12.[151,1437,868,1095]" box="[151,1436,868,890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<keyLead id="30FC95B7FFD2FFED6F85480274B3FCC6" box="[151,1436,868,890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
1. Pronotum integument coloration lighter than that of head and elytra;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6C64480272E1FCC6" box="[886,974,868,890]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
..............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6B6A480274B3FCC6" authority="(Blackburn, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Blackburn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1144,1436,868,890]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudananca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6B6A480275C8FCC5" box="[1144,1255,868,889]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6BE1480274BAFCC6" author="Blackburn, T." box="[1267,1429,868,890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="130 - 140" refId="ref39097" refString="Blackburn, T. (1893) Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species, xiii. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 17, 130 - 140." type="journal article" year="1893">Blackburn, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6F8548E774B3FC2A" blockId="12.[151,1437,868,1095]" box="[151,1436,897,919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<keyLead id="30FC95B7FFD2FFED6F8548E774B3FC2A" box="[151,1436,897,919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
- Pronotum integument similarly colored to head and elytra;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6C0848E772B5FC2B" box="[794,922,897,919]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
......................................... 2
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F92E27FFD2FFED6F8548F874B3FBFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6F8548F874B3FC52" blockId="12.[151,1437,868,1095]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<keyLead id="30FC95B7FFD2FFED6F8548F874B3FC52" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
2. Elytra with long, erect setae between every 5–7 punctures, confined to lateral and apical regions; males with modified setae on metafemur as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6E9048DA70E1FC6D" box="[386,462,955,978]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,999,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-385@17.[151,1436,993,1894]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral views of metafemora. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus, male; (B) Scraptogetus anthracinus, female; (C) Scraptogetus arboreus, male (D) Scraptogetus arboreus, female. Scale bar = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297828/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
, females with modified setae on metafemur as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6CBB48DA72DBFC6D" box="[937,1012,955,978]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,999,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-385@17.[151,1436,993,1894]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral views of metafemora. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus, male; (B) Scraptogetus anthracinus, female; (C) Scraptogetus arboreus, male (D) Scraptogetus arboreus, female. Scale bar = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297828/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6CEC48DA75AEFC6E" box="[1022,1153,956,978]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, North and South Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6A6448DA758CFC52" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,462,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-135@13.[151,1436,453,1763]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 2A–D. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus Broun, 1893; (B) Scraptogetus arboreus (Broun, 1914); (C) Transrenus thulater, gen. n. sp. n.(D) Pseudozena denticulata gen. n. sp. n. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297820/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Fig. 2A............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6B8648BF758CFC52" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[1172,1187,985,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6B8648BF758CFC52" box="[1172,1187,985,1006]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. anthracinus
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6A3648BF74B3FC52" author="Broun, T." box="[1316,1436,985,1006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFD2FFED6F85489174B3FBFB" blockId="12.[151,1437,868,1095]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<keyLead id="30FC95B7FFD2FFED6F85489174B3FBFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
- Elytra with short, decumbent setae between every 5–7 punctures, confined to lateral and apical regions; males with modified setae on metafemur as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6ECC4F727306FB95" box="[478,553,1043,1066]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,999,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-385@17.[151,1436,993,1894]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral views of metafemora. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus, male; (B) Scraptogetus anthracinus, female; (C) Scraptogetus arboreus, male (D) Scraptogetus arboreus, female. Scale bar = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297828/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
, females with modified setae on metafemur as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6B004F72754FFB95" box="[1042,1120,1043,1066]" captionStart="FIGURES 5" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,999,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-385@17.[151,1436,993,1894]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral views of metafemora. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus, male; (B) Scraptogetus anthracinus, female; (C) Scraptogetus arboreus, male (D) Scraptogetus arboreus, female. Scale bar = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297828/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFD2FFED6B794F7275DFFB96" box="[1131,1264,1044,1066]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, North and South Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFD2FFED6E3B4F577580FBFA" box="[297,1199,1073,1095]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,462,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-135@13.[151,1436,453,1763]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 2A–D. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Scraptogetus anthracinus Broun, 1893; (B) Scraptogetus arboreus (Broun, 1914); (C) Transrenus thulater, gen. n. sp. n.(D) Pseudozena denticulata gen. n. sp. n. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297820/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Fig. 2B...................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFD2FFED6BB24F577580FBFA" authority="(Broun, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1184,1199,1073,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Scraptogetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFD2FFED6BB24F577580FBFA" box="[1184,1199,1073,1094]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. arboreus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFD2FFED6A094F5774BAFBFB" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,1073,1095]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="143 - 266" refId="ref39305" refString="Broun, T. (1914) Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. Part III. Bulletin of the New Zealand Institute, 1, 143 - 266." type="journal article" year="1914">Broun, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |