451 lines
53 KiB
XML
451 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="5195D3B1C8AB488F07385EE2CF91D275" ID-CLB-Dataset="25127" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4690.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6efd6d75-a7a1-4fb5-a401-01643c8d3572" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519105" ID-ZooBank="18200D80-191F-4FEE-9B90-EAB43BEA218B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572008677060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Borowiec, Lech, Świętojańska, Jolanta & Sekerka, Lukáš" docDate="2019" docId="03A1D663875BE428FF7DFC4C026E7AD6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4690.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4690 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cryptonychini Chapuis 1875" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="70" masterDocId="FF98AE1B8764E46DFFEAFF9907357851" masterDocTitle="Revision of the tribe Cryptonychini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) of New Caledonia" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1698761258708" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C3DA7AD25275050313E1C75F0CEF89E8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D575E11E3826EAEFA54A39FF99F8D9A8">
|
||
<mods:title id="7748750B84C49A1CAECA9D1F92616151">Revision of the tribe Cryptonychini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) of New Caledonia</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="FBB580E75EC0F15B671B30C6BF6A8568" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C591C574DF434A1B7B5C34D8292020C6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="78B98D88234F6018401FBD48D8E42979">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E65553BC6F5BE172621D0C7B467D699F">Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="58356385E95A0DDC55B6E05308383B02" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2FCBF73E404E3DC4E94A7A9625EF8A6F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="06B2350093DEA489EC09D198DDF5460C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9FD01455118F2336CFDE4267C236C038">Świętojańska, Jolanta</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0167A710088A8B4F8A7B51E0D30E7EA4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="01C877F3A81F43A1BEB5866AA4B563BF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="695FB1D7386CDB3164B6283CAB2A1EA1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8E528A805FD1B8AABCB7C26F80055405">Sekerka, Lukáš</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F6F9FC64F31ABEEF5541933D54AC010E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="21D232F7E18C71B95325B632CAB12EDE" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0AC12D550941DF51F6B6B7301B712C38">
|
||
<mods:title id="66CB034F237656DF8EEE697FCF2F28B8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="D88CE93D83B8BCDAA882525F43403B5F">
|
||
<mods:date id="9115871E182021924C1DB2C9E60C9479">2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="E9FE77D1F3FC17DD8C3B40525EEFD910" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="86DBCD8CB19C2C5B785CE95BCF486C8B">2019-10-25</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="754F48D22323C7F3C8919518F93ABB1A" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="9479877F1D8ABA5A398DABF95FEB6E08">4690</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4576D1C3A442A3DC9ECA5993644FD12F" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="082953105F1977BA256CE511F8C59708">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="309A7D5F0F4E5AC01FD931C6C50F9725" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="52800D46AC003402F754756D7B711913">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="59DEA5D2E9635FD08E00762BAF04BBDD">71</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="88C343103161174E710E2E67B27E10C1">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BB84D2BB7F904953B8128907E6078DCD" type="CLB-Dataset">25127</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="66171A8725AED36853B604A461D2936E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4690.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B65AB3EB39084411DB4170C91A9BDE2C" type="GBIF-Dataset">6efd6d75-a7a1-4fb5-a401-01643c8d3572</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="28734D724C7391C59DB7A450743FE41D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A38591EC25CE7C26D8800068B6034BC7" type="Zenodo-Dep">3519105</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E6790E0E51219F707AD7CFE2FB53E07E" type="ZooBank">18200D80-191F-4FEE-9B90-EAB43BEA218B</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03A1D663875BE428FF7DFC4C026E7AD6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159843563" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1D663875BE428FF7DFC4C026E7AD6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A1D663875BE428FF7DFC4C026E7AD6" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31234FE875BE452FF7DFC4C044C7BBE" box="[151,889,981,1007]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB76775875BE452FF7DFC4C044C7BBE" blockId="63.[151,889,981,1007]" box="[151,889,981,1007]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<heading id="D0FFD019875BE452FF7DFC4C044C7BBE" bold="true" box="[151,889,981,1007]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FF7DFC4C044C7BBE" bold="true" box="[151,889,981,1007]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Diversity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FEDAFC4C06D27BBE" ID-CoL="KRG" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[304,487,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
with emphasis on biogeography
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31234FE875BE428FF7DFB84026E7AD6" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB76775875BE452FF7DFB8403EA7F56" blockId="63.[151,1437,1053,2015]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
As demostrated in the introduction chapter,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FD7EFB8404037C66" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[660,822,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
were until recently rather poorly known due to their specific habits and hidden way of life. The tribe currently contains 167 species and subspecies classified in 21 genera; 114 of them restricted to Australo-Papuan Region.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FCEBFBFC04A87C2E" box="[769,925,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FCEBFBFC04A87C2E" box="[769,925,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Cryptonychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(30 species) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FB8AFBFC03C17C2E" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1903" box="[1120,1268,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gyllenhaleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FB8AFBFC03C17C2E" box="[1120,1268,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gyllenhaleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3 species) are restricted to tropical Africa; monotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FDB9FB1005827CF2" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1878" box="[595,695,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xiphispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FDB9FB1005827CF2" box="[595,695,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Xiphispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FD04FB1004447CF2" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1911" box="[750,881,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gestronella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FD04FB1004447CF2" box="[750,881,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gestronella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6 species) are restricted to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FB47FB1002017CF2" box="[1197,1332,1161,1187]" name="Madagascar" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
with one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FEFBFB3406A17C96" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1911" box="[273,404,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gestronella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FEFBFB3406A17C96" box="[273,404,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gestronella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported also from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FD92FB3405EE7C96" box="[632,731,1197,1223]" name="Réunion" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Reunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
; monotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FC83FB34034A7C96" authority="Maulik, 1913" authorityName="Maulik" authorityYear="1913" box="[873,1151,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nesohispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FC83FB3404EB7C96" box="[873,990,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Nesohispa</emphasis>
|
||
Maulik,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0CA90875BE452FBADFB34034A7C96" box="[1095,1151,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85902" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="in" value="1913.0">1913</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FB4CFB3402147C96" box="[1190,1313,1197,1223]" name="Seychelles" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FAC5FB3702A97C96" box="[1327,1436,1198,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Brontispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FAC5FB3702A97C96" box="[1327,1436,1198,1223]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Brontispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the widest distribution ranging from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FD90FB4805D27CBA" box="[634,743,1233,1259]" name="Mauritius" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Rodriguez (2 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FBC1FB48039C7CBA" box="[1067,1193,1233,1259]" name="Philippines" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FAD7FB48024E7CBA" box="[1341,1403,1233,1259]" name="Palau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1 species), New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FED7FB6C06BB7D5E" box="[317,398,1269,1295]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and surrounding islands (10 species), Somolons (1 species), Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FB47FB6C02217D5E" box="[1197,1300,1269,1295]" name="Australia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FF7DFA8006207D62" box="[151,277,1305,1331]" name="Micronesia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FE49FA8006DA7D62" box="[419,495,1305,1331]" name="Samoa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Samoa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FD97FA80041E7D62" box="[637,811,1305,1331]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2 species), one species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FBD5FA8302B77D62" authority="(Gestro, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Gestro" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1087,1410,1304,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Brontispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FBD5FA8303ED7D62" box="[1087,1240,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">B. longissima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A84875BE452FB0DFA80024F7D62" author="Gestro, R." box="[1255,1402,1304,1331]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="153 - 178" refId="ref48782" refString="Gestro, R. (1885) Materiali per lo studio delle Hispidae Malesi e Papuane. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 22, 153 - 178." type="journal article" year="1885">Gestro, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FEB8FAA406C77D06" box="[338,498,1341,1367]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">New Hebrides</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FDFEFAA405537D06" box="[532,614,1341,1367]" name="Taiwan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and continental SE Asia but its original range was probably much smaller as it is an invasive pest of the coconut tree introduced to many places;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FC24FAF803717D2A" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[974,1092,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Octodonta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FC24FAF803717D2A" box="[974,1092,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Octodonta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FB87FAF803EF7D2A" box="[1133,1242,1377,1403]" name="Indonesia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FAFFFAF802497D2A" box="[1301,1404,1377,1403]" name="Malaysia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(3 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FEEBFA1C064A7DCE" box="[257,383,1413,1439]" name="Philippines" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(3 species), New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FDBAFA1C05947DCE" box="[592,673,1413,1439]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and surrouding islands (3 species); monotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FB54FA1C020E7DCE" box="[1214,1339,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Drescheria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FB54FA1C020E7DCE" box="[1214,1339,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Drescheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Java;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FF7DFA3006307D92" box="[151,261,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Callistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FF7DFA3006307D92" box="[151,261,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Callistola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FEC6FA30065F7D92" box="[300,362,1449,1475]" name="Palau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
(3 species),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FE10FA3005527D92" box="[506,615,1449,1475]" name="Indonesia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(3 species), Solomons (5 species), New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FBDCFA3003B27D92" box="[1078,1159,1449,1475]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and surrounding islands (30 species) and supposedly one species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FD94FA5405DD7DB6" box="[638,744,1485,1511]" name="Australia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FD19FA5404547DB6" authorityName="Gestro" authorityYear="1895" box="[755,865,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Ceratispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FD19FA5404547DB6" box="[755,865,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ceratispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(23 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FC14FA54035C7DB6" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1963" box="[1022,1129,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Ischnispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FC14FA54035C7DB6" box="[1022,1129,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ischnispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FB12FA54024B7DB6" box="[1272,1406,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Oxycephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FB12FA54024B7DB6" box="[1272,1406,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Oxycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FEEBFA68065E7E5A" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[257,363,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palmispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FEEBFA68065E7E5A" box="[257,363,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Palmispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FE14FA6805687E5A" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[510,605,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Plesispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FE14FA6805687E5A" box="[510,605,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Plesispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(7 species) restricted to New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FC5DFA68033E7E5A" box="[951,1035,1521,1547]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FB02FA6806027E7E" authority="Chapuis, 1875" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Plesispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reichei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FB02FA6802A87E5A" box="[1256,1437,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Plesispa reichei</emphasis>
|
||
Chapuis, 1875
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—a widespread pest of Nipa palm;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FD2CF98C040A7E7E" authorityName="Maulik" authorityYear="1929" box="[710,831,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aulostyrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FD2CF98C040A7E7E" box="[710,831,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Aulostyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FC1CF98C035A7E7E" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1957" box="[1014,1135,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Calamispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FC1CF98C035A7E7E" box="[1014,1135,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Calamispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FAF8F98C07E37E02" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
; and finally
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FE8AF9A006DB7E02" authorityName="Uhmann" authorityYear="1952" box="[352,494,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FE8AF9A006DB7E02" box="[352,494,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Caledonispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FD91F9A004377E02" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1936" box="[635,770,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Isopedhispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FD91F9A004377E02" box="[635,770,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Isopedhispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FC7AF9A303077E02" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[912,1074,1594,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paratorquispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FC7AF9A303077E02" box="[912,1074,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paratorquispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FB2AF9A0027C7E02" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[1216,1353,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Stephanispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FB2AF9A0027C7E02" box="[1216,1353,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Stephanispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FF30F9C7067E7E26" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[218,331,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Teretrispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FF30F9C7067E7E26" box="[218,331,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Teretrispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FE33F9C7057C7E26" authorityName="Uhmann" authorityYear="1954" box="[473,585,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Torquispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FE33F9C7057C7E26" box="[473,585,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Torquispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FCECF9C7044E7E26" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[774,891,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Wanatispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB67875BE452FCECF9C7044E7E26" box="[774,891,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wanatispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 species) restricted to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FB64F9C4020A7E26" box="[1166,1343,1629,1655]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. To sum up the majority of the diversity is in wet tropical areas of Australasia and the diversity rapidly decreases towards the west and is basically limited by the Huxleyʼs line, with the exception of two species found on Java. No native species occurs in mainland SE Asia, Sumatra or Borneo. In Africa most of the diversity is in tropical rainforests of western and central Africa, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FE11F97405B77F56" box="[507,642,1773,1799]" name="Madagascar" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
with a few species in the Mascarenes and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E5875BE452FBB5F97403EF7F56" box="[1119,1242,1773,1799]" name="Seychelles" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB76775875BE452FF2DF88802BE7F8E" blockId="63.[151,1437,1053,2015]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
There are several possibilities for explaining present day dististribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FBEDF88803997F7A" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[1031,1196,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g. Gondwanan origin, vicariance or dispersion. Unfortunately none can be properly tested because of the lack of data. Up to day there is no fossil evidence for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF6875BE452FE4CF8C0057D7F22" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[422,584,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
nor any molecular phylogeny. Reconstruction of the molecular phylogeny is complicated because of unavailability of fresh material due relative rarity of the beetles caused by their hidden way of life. Although Gondwanan distribution is one of the alternatives we find it quite unlikely because the taxa are generally uniformly characterized by combination of low number of homoplasies with nearly no apomorphies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7737FD8724E42DFF7DF88C043A7F03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519157" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519157" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519157/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,264,1813,1838]" targetBox="[169,1420,205,1776]" targetPageId="64">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758724E42DFF7DF88C043A7F03" blockId="64.[151,1436,1813,1874]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678724E42DFF7DF88C065B7F7F" bold="true" box="[151,366,1813,1838]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURES 2 10–2 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68724E42DFE9CF88E052D7F7F" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[374,536,1815,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Wanatispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rutai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678724E42DFE9CF88E052D7F7F" box="[374,536,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Wanatispa rutai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678724E42DFDCAF88F05477F7F" bold="true" box="[544,626,1814,1838]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8724E42DFDCAF88F05477F7F" box="[544,626,1814,1838]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
210. Body dorsal, 211. Antenna, 212. Frontoclypeus and prosternum, 213. Female head dorsal, 214. Pronotum, 215. Fore leg, 216. Mid leg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7737FD8725E42CFF7DF80806BF7FA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519159" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519159/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,264,1937,1962]" targetBox="[186,1398,175,1897]" targetPageId="65">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758725E42CFF7DF80806BF7FA3" blockId="65.[151,1437,1937,2034]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFF7DF80806457FFB" bold="true" box="[151,368,1937,1962]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURES 2 17–222.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution. 217.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFDD1F80B048C7FFB" authority="(Gestro, 1885)" authorityName="Gestro" authorityYear="1885" baseAuthorityName="Gestro" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[571,953,1937,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Brontispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFDD1F80B04237FFB" box="[571,790,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Brontispa longissima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848725E42CFCCCF80B04847FFB" author="Gestro, R." box="[806,945,1937,1962]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="153 - 178" refId="ref48782" refString="Gestro, R. (1885) Materiali per lo studio delle Hispidae Malesi e Papuane. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 22, 153 - 178." type="journal article" year="1885">Gestro, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 218.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFC16F80B02577FFB" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[1020,1378,1937,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Brontispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="veitchiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFC16F80B03F17FFB" box="[1020,1220,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Brontispa veitchiae</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 219.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFF7DF82F065A7F9F" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,367,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Brontispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFF7DF82F065A7F9F" box="[151,367,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Brontispa caledonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFE9FF82F06F17F9F" bold="true" box="[373,452,1974,1998]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8725E42CFE9FF82F06F17F9F" box="[373,452,1974,1998]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 220.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFDE9F82F05E97F9F" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[515,732,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivittata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFDE9F82F05E97F9F" box="[515,732,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Caledonispa bivittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFD08F82F04077F9F" bold="true" box="[738,818,1974,1998]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8725E42CFD08F82F04077F9F" box="[738,818,1974,1998]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 221.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFC9BF82F02377F9F" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[881,1282,1973,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freycinetiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFC9BF82F03587F9F" box="[881,1133,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Caledonispa freycinetiae</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 222.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68725E42CFAD4F82F06067FA0" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panieensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678725E42CFAD4F82F06067FA0" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Caledonispa panieensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8725E42CFED3F84306BF7FA3" box="[313,394,2010,2034]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7737FD8726E42FFF7DF81506487FBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519161/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[151,264,1932,1957]" targetBox="[197,1393,180,1890]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758726E42FFF7DF81506487FBC" blockId="66.[151,1436,1932,2029]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFF7DF815065A7FF4" bold="true" box="[151,367,1932,1957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURES 22 3–22 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution. 223.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFDDEF814049D7FF4" authority="(Heller, 1916)" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1916" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[564,936,1932,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFDDEF814043A7FF5" box="[564,783,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Caledonispa sarasini</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848726E42FFCF7F81504947FF4" author="Heller, K. M." box="[797,929,1932,1957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="229 - 364" refId="ref49123" refString="Heller, K. M. (1916) Die Kafer von Neu-Caledonien und benachbarten Inselgruppen. In: Sarasin, F. & Roux, J. (Eds.), Nova Caledonia, A (Zoologie), II (Lieferung III), pp. 229 - 364., pls. X-XI." type="book chapter" year="1916">Heller, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 224.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFC00F814038A7FF5" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[1002,1215,1933,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caledonispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFC00F814038A7FF5" box="[1002,1215,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Caledonispa spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFB2DF814022F7FF4" bold="true" box="[1223,1306,1933,1957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8726E42FFB2DF814022F7FF4" box="[1223,1306,1933,1957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 225.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFAB7F81407EE7F98" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Isope- dhispa</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFF0BF82806F97F98" authority="(Maulik, 1933)" authorityName="Maulik" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Maulik" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[225,460,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Isopedhispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocotis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFF0BF828061C7F99" box="[225,297,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">cocotis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848726E42FFEDDF82906F17F98" author="Maulik, S." box="[311,452,1968,1993]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="280 - 281" refId="ref49640" refString="Maulik, S. (1933) A new hispine beetle injurious to coconut. The Entomologist, 65, 280 - 281." type="journal article" year="1933">Maulik, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 226.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFDE3F82805E67F99" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[521,723,1969,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Isopedhispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFDE3F82805E67F99" box="[521,723,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Isopedhispa costata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFD30F828041E7F98" bold="true" box="[730,811,1969,1993]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8726E42FFD30F828041E7F98" box="[730,811,1969,1993]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 227.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFC81F82803D17F98" authority="Spaeth, 1936" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1936" box="[875,1252,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Isopedhispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFC81F82803627F98" box="[875,1111,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Isopedhispa ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848726E42FFBB7F82903D17F98" author="Spaeth, F." box="[1117,1252,1968,1993]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref50009" refString="Spaeth, F. (1936) Ueber die Australasiathischen Cryptonychini. Temminckia, 1, 277 - 294." type="journal article" year="1936">Spaeth, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 228.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68726E42FFAC8F82806137FBC" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Isopedhispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latemarginata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678726E42FFAC8F82806137FBC" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Isopedhispa latemarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8726E42FFEC6F84C06487FBC" box="[300,381,2005,2029]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7737FD8727E42EFF7DF816069A7FA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519163/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" startId="67.[151,264,1935,1960]" targetBox="[192,1391,187,1899]" targetPageId="67">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758727E42EFF7DF816069A7FA1" blockId="67.[151,1436,1935,2032]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFF7DF81606447FF9" bold="true" box="[151,369,1935,1960]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">FIGURES 22 9–2 34.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution. 229.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFDD1F81604927FF9" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[571,935,1935,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Stephanispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cochici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFDD1F816043C7FF6" box="[571,777,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Stephanispa cochici</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 230.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFC01F81602AD7FF9" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[1003,1432,1935,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Stephanispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freycineticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFC01F81603CF7FF6" box="[1003,1274,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Stephanispa freycineticola</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 231.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFF20F82D06AD7F9A" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[202,408,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Teretrispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daccordii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFF20F82D06AD7F9A" box="[202,408,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Teretrispa daccordii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFE75F82A06C57F9A" bold="true" box="[415,496,1971,1995]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8727E42EFE75F82A06C57F9A" box="[415,496,1971,1995]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 232.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFDDAF82D04B27F9D" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" box="[560,903,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Teretrispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gahniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFDDAF82D05C57F9A" box="[560,752,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Teretrispa gahniae</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 233.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFC2FF82D03A87F9A" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[965,1181,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Teretrispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicollis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFC2FF82D03A87F9A" box="[965,1181,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Teretrispa longicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFB4EF82A03C07F9A" bold="true" box="[1188,1269,1971,1995]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8727E42EFB4EF82A03C07F9A" box="[1188,1269,1971,1995]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 234.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68727E42EFADCF82D069E7FA1" authority="Gressitt, 1960" authorityName="Gressitt" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Teretrispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orchidaceae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678727E42EFADCF82D06267FBE" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Teretrispa orchidaceae</emphasis>
|
||
Gressitt, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7737FD8720E429FF7DF82B03A77FBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519165/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" startId="68.[151,264,1970,1995]" targetBox="[168,1398,175,1926]" targetPageId="68">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758720E429FF7DF82B03A77FBE" blockId="68.[151,1437,1970,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FF7DF82B06597F9A" bold="true" box="[151,364,1970,1995]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">FIGURES 2 35–2 39.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution. 235.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68720E429FDC3F82A04FB7F9A" authority="Uhmann, 1954" authorityName="Uhmann" authorityYear="1954" box="[553,974,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paratorquispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledoniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FDC3F82A04047F9B" box="[553,817,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paratorquispa caledoniae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848720E429FCDCF82B04FB7F9A" author="Uhmann, E." box="[822,974,1970,1995]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref50334" refString="Uhmann, E. (1954) Hispinae aus Neu-Caledonien. 152. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hispinae (Coleopt. Chrysomelidae). Bulletin de la Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 30 (38), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4810010105" type="journal article" year="1954">Uhmann, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 236.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68720E429FBE3F82A02527F9A" authority="Uhmann, 1954" authorityName="Uhmann" authorityYear="1954" box="[1033,1383,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Torquispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FBE3F82A03FC7F9B" box="[1033,1225,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Torquispa vittigera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848720E429FB25F82B02527F9A" author="Uhmann, E." box="[1231,1383,1970,1995]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref50334" refString="Uhmann, E. (1954) Hispinae aus Neu-Caledonien. 152. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hispinae (Coleopt. Chrysomelidae). Bulletin de la Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 30 (38), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4810010105" type="journal article" year="1954">Uhmann, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 237.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68720E429FF7DF84E06437FBE" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,374,2007,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Torquispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="covexifrons" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FF7DF84E06437FBE" box="[151,374,2007,2031]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Torquispa covexifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FE97F84E06F87FBE" bold="true" box="[381,461,2007,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8720E429FE97F84E06F87FBE" box="[381,461,2007,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 238.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68720E429FDE7F84E04367FBF" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[525,771,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Wanatispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricollis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FDE7F84E04367FBF" box="[525,771,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Wanatispa cylindricollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FCE3F84E046F7FBE" bold="true" box="[777,858,2007,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8720E429FCE3F84E046F7FBE" box="[777,858,2007,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 239.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68720E429FC70F84E030E7FBF" authority="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka, 2019" authorityName="Borowiec & Świętojańska & Sekerka" authorityYear="2019" box="[922,1083,2007,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Wanatispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rutai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678720E429FC70F84E030E7FBF" box="[922,1083,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Wanatispa rutai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24F061C8720E429FBA8F84E03A77FBE" box="[1090,1170,2007,2031]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758721E428FF7DFF0005BF79A6" blockId="69.[151,1437,153,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
Moreover most of genera as well as species within them are quite similar and rather difficult to be identified what could suggest dispersion. This can be also supported by their host plants as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68721E428FC0CFF2403427886" box="[998,1143,189,215]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
were considered that they may have Gondwanan origin, however, recent studies suggest dispersion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848721E428FC3CFF78038978AA" author="Gallaher, T. & Callmander, M. W. & Buerki, S. & Keeley, S. C." box="[982,1212,224,251]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="20 - 32" refId="ref48714" refString="Gallaher, T., Callmander, M. W., Buerki, S. & Keeley, S. C. (2015) A long distance dispersal hypothesis for the Pandanaceae and the origins of the Pandanus tectorius complex. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 83, 20 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2014.11.002" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Gallaher
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678721E428FBAAFF7B034478AA" box="[1088,1137,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The disjunction of Afrotropical and Australasian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68721E428FE04FE9C05A5794E" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[494,656,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be also explained by vicariance. This can be supported by the host plants as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848721E428FED1FEB006E07912" author="Heads, M." box="[315,469,297,323]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1239 - 1250" refId="ref49040" refString="Heads, M. (2010) The endemic plant families and the palms of New Caledonia: a biogeographical analysis. Journal of Biogeography, 37, 1239 - 1250. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2699.2010.02292. x" type="journal article" year="2010">Heads (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
explained the diversity of New Caledonian palms by vicariance. On the other hand, strictly speaking about the beetles, their disjunction could simply be an artefact of sampling effort considering that they were, with several exceptions, rather seldom collected as demonstrated by their absence in historic collections and the fact that J. L. Gressitt collected and described ca ⅔ of the Australasian known diversity working mainly in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E58721E428FF39FE20061D7982" box="[211,296,441,467]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Therefore it would be desirable to reconstruct molecular phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68721E428FBA2FE2003DF7982" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[1096,1258,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cryptonychini">Cryptonychini</taxonomicName>
|
||
to better understand their diversity and distribution pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB767758721E428FF2DFD98026E7AD6" blockId="69.[151,1437,153,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
The biogeography of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E58721E428FE55FD98055B7A4A" box="[447,622,513,539]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is complicated and the opinions changed rapidly over the past decades (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848721E428FF38FDBC06A07A6E" author="Grandcolas, P." box="[210,405,549,575]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="481 - 487" refId="ref48815" refString="Grandcolas, P. (2016) Ten false ideas about New Caledonia biogeography. Cladistics, 33, 481 - 487. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12176" type="journal article" year="2016">Grandcolas 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848721E428FE48FDBC051B7A6E" author="Heads, M." box="[418,558,549,575]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="957 - 980" refId="ref49088" refString="Heads, M. (2018) Recent advances in New Caledonian biogeography. Biological Reviews, 94, 957 - 980. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / brv. 12485" type="journal article" year="2018">Heads 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Currently it is widely accepted that
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F27E58721E428FC36FDBC03B97A6E" box="[988,1164,549,575]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
was at least partly submerged. Also more and more studies support that many of the New Caledonian biota can be explained by dispersion, which however does not explain the presence of basal organisms such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C081CF68721E428FC26FDF403B37AD6" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[972,1158,621,647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amborellaceae" genus="Amborella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Amborellales" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CBB678721E428FC26FDF403747AD6" box="[972,1089,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Amborella</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF991A848721E428FB2FFDF4027A7AD6" author="Heads, M." box="[1221,1359,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="957 - 980" refId="ref49088" refString="Heads, M. (2018) Recent advances in New Caledonian biogeography. Biological Reviews, 94, 957 - 980. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / brv. 12485" type="journal article" year="2018">Heads 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |