234 lines
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234 lines
26 KiB
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<mods:title id="4FD210552A7DF9019CDC77A11321642E">Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFD7AFEEE546C" bold="true" box="[151,303,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ursus arctos</emphasis>
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—Brown Bear
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFBBCFCA5FAAB5422" author="Won & Smith" box="[1124,1386,818,840]" firstAuthor="Won" page="17" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. & Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won & Smith, 1999 p.17</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFCE7FEC454EC" box="[151,261,880,902]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">U. lasiotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFED3FCE6FE7C54EC" author="Gray" box="[267,445,880,902]" firstAuthor="Gray" page="301" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="301" refId="ref101280" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on Ursus lasiotus, a hairy-eared bear from North China. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 3, 20, 301." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867 p.301</bibRefCitation>
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locality- interior of northern
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<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFCFBFCE6FCA254EC" box="[803,867,880,902]" name="China" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">China</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFC18FEB854CE" box="[151,377,910,932]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Melanarctos cavifrons</emphasis>
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locality- northwestern Manchuria.
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFC38FED254A9" box="[151,275,941,963]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">U. cavifrons</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFC5BFE8F5488" box="[151,334,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">U. arctos lasiotus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFE86FC5AFDE25488" author="Kuroda" box="[350,547,972,994]" firstAuthor="Kuroda" page="31" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref110546" refString="Kuroda, N. (1938) A list of the Japanese Mammals. Published by Author, Tokyo, 122 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kuroda, 1938 p.31</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C644AFFFFFDE9FC5AFC145488" author="Ellerman & Morrison-Scott" box="[561,981,972,994]" page="" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1951">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFDE9FC5AFC145488" author="Ellerman & Morrison-Scott" box="[561,981,972,994]" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="238" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. & Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.238</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFC39FC5BFB565488" author="Won" box="[993,1175,972,994]" firstAuthor="Won" page="440" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="427 - 460" refId="ref125450" refString="Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460." type="journal article" year="1958">Won, 1958 p.440</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C644AFFFFFB7CFC5BFA985488" author="Won" box="[1188,1369,972,994]" page="" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFB7CFC5BFA985488" author="Won" box="[1188,1369,972,994]" firstAuthor="Won" page="122" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref125477" refString="Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1967">Won, 1967 p.122</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C644AFFFFFABEFC5BFEFD536A" author="Won" page="" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFABEFC5BFEFD536A" author="Won" firstAuthor="Won" page="273" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.273</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D644AFFFFFF4FFB9CFE345375" blockId="64.[151,1436,818,1055]" box="[151,501,1033,1055]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803644AFFFFFF4FFB9CFE345375" box="[151,501,1033,1055]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C644AFFFFFF4FFB9CFE315375" author="Yoon" box="[151,496,1033,1055]" page="" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1992">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE644AFFFFFF4FFB9CFE315375" ID-CoL="5LPWN" authority="arctos: Yoon, 1992 p. 99" authorityName="Yoon" authorityPageNumber="99" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,496,1033,1055]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="arctos" subSpecies="arctos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFB9CFEF95375" box="[151,312,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">U. arctos arctos</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFE9EFB9CFE315375" author="Yoon" box="[326,496,1033,1055]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="99" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref126177" refString="Yoon, M. H. (1992) The wildlife of Korea. Daewonsa Publishing Company, Seoul, 142 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1992">Yoon, 1992 p.99</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6644AFFFFFF4FFBD1FA8353CD" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D644AFFFFFF4FFBD1FA8353CD" blockId="64.[151,1437,1094,1407]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF4FFBD1FF2D5335" bold="true" box="[151,236,1095,1119]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Range:</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE644AFFFFFE16FBD1FDF45334" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[462,565,1095,1118]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFE16FBD1FDF45334" box="[462,565,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">U. arctos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
covers most northern alpine habitats and extends to the southern boundary at Mt. Geumgang (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFE8BFBFCFDCD53E9" author="Kim" box="[339,524,1130,1155]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kim" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref107208" refString="Kim, M. S., Joo, J. S., Oh, S. I, Lee, S. Y., Koh, B. J. & Park, E. C. (2015) Animals of Korea: Mammals. Science and Technology Press, Pyongyang, 211 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFE56FBFAFE0853E9" box="[398,457,1130,1155]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="133213A8644AFFFFFDC2FBFCFDAF53E9" box="[538,622,1130,1155]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,337,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[340,1247,337,1795]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 40. Range map of Ursus arctos in Korea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571818/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although this bear species was recorded around Mt. Baekdu until the 1980s, the current presence in the Mt. Geumgang and Mt. Baekdu areas in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFC07FB18FBAD53CC" box="[991,1132,1166,1191]" name="North Korea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
remains uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6644AFFFFFF1FFB25FB515214" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D644AFFFFFF1FFB25FC335385" blockId="64.[151,1437,1094,1407]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF1FFB25FEFC53A1" bold="true" box="[199,317,1203,1227]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The Subspecies U. a.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE644AFFFFFDEEFB24FCD253A1" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[566,787,1202,1227]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Ursus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasiotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFDEEFB24FD4C53A1" box="[566,653,1202,1227]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">lasiotus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFD4CFB25FCD253A1" author="Gray" box="[660,787,1202,1227]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="301" refId="ref101280" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on Ursus lasiotus, a hairy-eared bear from North China. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 3, 20, 301." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Ussuri brown bear (or
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDC1CF644AFFFFFBC2FB25FB9A53A1" box="[1050,1115,1203,1227]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amur</collectingRegion>
|
||
brown bear, black grizzly or horse bear) in northeastern Asia traditionally included the Korean Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D644AFFFFFF1FFB6CFB515214" blockId="64.[151,1437,1094,1407]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F644AFFFFFF1FFB6CFE035279" bold="true" box="[199,450,1274,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFE17FB6CFDA35278" box="[463,610,1274,1299]" name="North Korea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
designated two brown bear habitats (Ryongrim,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDC1CF644AFFFFFB72FB6DFAA95279" box="[1194,1384,1274,1299]" country="North Korea" name="Chagang-do" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Jagang Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Gwanmobong, Hamgyeongbuk Province) as Natural Monuments in 1980. The Red Data Book of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFB04FA88FAA8525C" box="[1244,1385,1310,1335]" name="North Korea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
lists this species as ‘Vulnerable’ (MAB
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC644AFFFFFDFDFAD4FC395231" author="National Committee of DPR Korea" box="[549,1016,1346,1371]" firstAuthor="National Committee of DPR Korea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref112594" refString="MAB National Committee of DPR Korea (2002) Red Data Book of DPRK (Animal). Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Pyongyang, 316 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
National Committee of DPR
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFCB7FAD5FC755230" box="[879,948,1347,1370]" name="South Korea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Populations in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFB6DFAD4FB395231" box="[1205,1272,1346,1371]" name="China" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD644AFFFFFAE8FAD4FA5C5231" box="[1328,1437,1346,1371]" name="Mongolia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
are protected by CITES Appendix I and Russian populations are protected by Appendix II.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |