174 lines
18 KiB
XML
174 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0F39B73895CA2C1D91C10E649A3C46C8">New taxa and taxonomic revisions to the Poraniidae (Valvatacea; Asteroidea) with Comments on Feeding Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="09FFDC446938779A2E0ADCD9D05591E4">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A01212A17F92A31459D330DB7F43D468">Foltz, David W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="60CAD0050123A64BB88E26FA64F9A137">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DAF205889B52AD6C0D9B8E01941C184A">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039F453C95408734FF0BF8D6FDB2FD03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6133849" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119426384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6133849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F453C95408734FF0BF8D6FDB2FD03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F453C95408734FF0BF8D6FDB2FD03" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<subSubSection id="C32CA7A195408735FF0BF8D6FD74F8AD" box="[151,727,1807,1834]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95408735FF0BF8D6FD74F8AD" blockId="22.[151,727,1807,1834]" box="[151,727,1807,1834]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<heading id="D0C1434695408735FF0BF8D6FD74F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,727,1807,1834]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FF0BF8D6FD74F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,727,1807,1834]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FF0BF8D6FEB5F8AE" bold="true" box="[151,278,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995408735FF39F8D6FEABF8AE" ID-CoL="7PTRL" box="[165,264,1807,1833]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Porania</taxonomicName>
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”
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995408735FE81F8D6FD74F8AD" authority="(Dons 1936)" authorityName="Dons" authorityYear="1936" baseAuthorityName="Dons" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[285,727,1807,1834]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stormi" subGenus="Pseudoporania">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FE81F8D6FD98F8AE" bold="true" box="[285,571,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">(Pseudoporania) stormi</emphasis>
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(Dons 1936)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32CA7A195408734FF0BF88FFDB2FD03" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95408735FF0BF88FFC93F8EB" blockId="22.[151,1436,1878,1962]" box="[151,816,1878,1901]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995408735FF0BF88FFDB0F8EB" authority="Dons 1936: 17" authorityName="Dons" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,531,1878,1901]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stormi">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FF0BF88FFEDAF8EA" box="[151,377,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">Pseudoporania stormi</emphasis>
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Dons 1936: 17
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</taxonomicName>
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–20, figs 1–3, 4a, 1938: 167
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95408735FF0BF8AFFED1F82D" blockId="22.[151,1436,1878,1962]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB26D30495408735FF0BF8AFFED1F82D" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995408735FF0BF8AFFD64F80C" ID-CoL="78888" authority="A.M. Clark 1984: 42" authorityName="A.M. Clark" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,711,1909,1931]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stormi" subGenus="Pseudoporania">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FF0BF8AFFE48F80C" box="[151,491,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">Porania (Pseudoporania) stormi:</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A97D23B95408735FE6DF8AFFD64F80C" author="Clark" box="[497,711,1909,1931]" page="42" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA789DB95408735FE6DF8AFFD02F80C" author="Clark" box="[497,673,1909,1931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" refString="Clark, A. M. (1984) Notes on Atlantic and other Asteroidea. 4. Families Poraniidae and Asteropseidae. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology), 47 (1), 19 - 51." type="journal article" year="1984">A.M. Clark 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 42
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 44, figs. 5B, 7e, 15A–D, 16A, B),
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<treatmentCitation id="0A97D23B95408735FBB2F8ACFAF8F80C" author="Clark" box="[1070,1371,1909,1931]" page="212" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA789DB95408735FBB2F8ACFAF8F80C" author="Clark" box="[1070,1371,1909,1931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 820 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey (1992: 212)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A97D23B95408735FAFAF8AFFECDF82D" author="Clark" page="233" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA789DB95408735FAFAF8AFFE98F82D" author="Clark" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea - Part 2, Valvatida. Echinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366." type="journal article" year="1993">A.M. Clark 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 233
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95408734FF0BF80FFB68FE9A" blockId="22.[151,1436,2006,2031]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FF0BF80FFE01F868" bold="true" box="[151,418,2006,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">Taxonomic comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA789DB95408735FE36F80EFD0AF868" author="Clark" box="[426,681,2006,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" refString="Clark, A. M. (1984) Notes on Atlantic and other Asteroidea. 4. Families Poraniidae and Asteropseidae. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology), 47 (1), 19 - 51." type="journal article" year="1984">A.M. Clark (1984: 42)</bibRefCitation>
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relegated
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995408735FC83F80FFC69F868" box="[799,970,2006,2031]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="349" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895408735FC83F80FFC69F868" box="[799,970,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="349">Pseudoporania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from genus to subgenus based on shared characters with
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FED1FF40FE0AFF37" ID-CoL="7PTRL" box="[333,425,153,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FED1FF40FE0AFF37" box="[333,425,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Porania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including the absence of “superficial” spinules, the open groups of papulae spaced out over wide areas, and the single or few furrow spines arranged in one series transverse to the furrow. However, as outlined by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA789DB95418734FEB8FF39FD8FFF7F" author="Clark" box="[292,556,223,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" refString="Clark, A. M. (1984) Notes on Atlantic and other Asteroidea. 4. Families Poraniidae and Asteropseidae. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology), 47 (1), 19 - 51." type="journal article" year="1984">A.M. Clark (1984: 42)</bibRefCitation>
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there remain several characters that set
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FB9AFF06FB12FF7F" box="[1030,1201,223,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FB9AFF06FB12FF7F" box="[1030,1201,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Pseudoporania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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apart, including the thickened body wall, a rounded actinolateral fringe and the absence of inferomarginal spination.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95418734FF5BFEFEFAC9FE72" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
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Based on inference from our results and A.M. Clark’s (1984) characters it seems unlikely this species should be placed within
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FECAFE94FE11FEE3" ID-CoL="7PTRL" box="[342,434,333,356]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FECAFE94FE11FEE3" box="[342,434,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Porania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FE5CFE95FDC8FEE2" box="[448,619,332,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FE5CFE95FDC8FEE2" box="[448,619,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Pseudoporania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’s thickened body wall, lack of inferomarginal spination and actinolateral fringe suggests affinities with more
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FDA2FEB6FD15FE0F" ID-CoL="7NKLV" box="[574,694,367,392]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Poraniidae</taxonomicName>
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bearing similar characters, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FBC0FEB6FB4AFE0F" ID-CoL="7NSRH" box="[1116,1257,367,392]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Chondraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FBC0FEB6FB4AFE0F" box="[1116,1257,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Chondraster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FA8BFEB6FA36FE0F" ID-CoL="7NTZC" box="[1303,1429,367,392]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Culcitopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FA8BFEB6FA36FE0F" box="[1303,1429,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Culcitopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FE31FE4DFDFBFE2A" box="[429,600,404,429]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FE31FE4DFDFBFE2A" box="[429,600,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Pseudoporania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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could not examined to verify this hypothesis. We retain
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FB6DFE4DFA3FFE2A" box="[1265,1436,404,429]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Pseudoporania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FB6DFE4DFA3FFE2A" box="[1265,1436,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Pseudoporania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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within
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FF73FE60FEE8FE57" ID-CoL="7PTRL" box="[239,331,441,464]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FF73FE60FEE8FE57" box="[239,331,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Porania</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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, following A.M. Clark’s (1984) assignment pending further evidence, including DNA or morphological, particularly skeletal data, which may shed further insight on its position within the
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FB77FE05FAC4FE72" ID-CoL="7NKLV" box="[1259,1383,476,501]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Poraniidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95418734FF5BFE26FC3EFD9F" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,645]" box="[199,925,511,536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FF5BFE26FE30FD9F" bold="true" box="[199,403,511,536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Included species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C368FA995418734FE06FDD8FC3EFD9F" ID-CoL="78888" authority="Dons 1936" authorityName="Dons" authorityYear="1936" box="[410,925,511,536]" class="Asteroidea" family="Poraniidae" genus="Porania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stormi" subGenus="Pseudoporania">
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<emphasis id="B942283895418734FE06FDD8FCAAFD9F" box="[410,777,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Porania (Pseudoporania) stormi</emphasis>
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(Dons 1936)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B89F42A95418734FF5BFDFDFEBEFDD8" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
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||
<emphasis id="B942283895418734FF5BFDFDFEFAFDBA" bold="true" box="[199,345,548,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Occurrence.</emphasis>
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Trondheim-Lofoten
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<collectingCountry id="F321B4BA95418734FDD1FDFDFD32FDBA" box="[589,657,548,573]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Island</collectingCountry>
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area,
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<collectingCountry id="F321B4BA95418734FD42FDFCFC9BFDBA" box="[734,824,549,573]" name="Norway" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Norway</collectingCountry>
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to Southwest of Faeroe Islands and SW of
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<collectingCountry id="F321B4BA95418734FADAFDFDFA3BFDBA" box="[1350,1432,548,573]" name="Ireland" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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,
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|
||
300–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D303FA395418734FF53FD91FEBAFDD8" box="[207,281,584,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="generic">770 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B89F42A95418734FF5BFDB5FDB2FD03" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,645]" box="[199,529,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942283895418734FF5BFDB5FE65FD02" bold="true" box="[199,454,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
None.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |