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<document id="34907059CFDB17E25D24D42CFFD83137" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2747.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5291255" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629712093042" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lowry, J. K. &amp; Stoddart, H. E." docDate="2011" docId="039A87FFE6294246FF6EFC6AFEE1235F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02747p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2747 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2747.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thoriellidae Lowry &amp; Stoddart 2011, fam. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFA3FF87E62E424EFFF9FFEAFFE9223B" masterDocTitle="The new deep-sea families Cebocaridae fam. nov., Cyclocaridae fam. nov. and Thoriellidae fam. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1699100101625" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="41213C2B5A76024504BA4A4708E5645C">The new deep-sea families Cebocaridae fam. nov., Cyclocaridae fam. nov. and Thoriellidae fam. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F6614C0E34CA76DBF29ADD7F69EBA976">Lowry, J. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="92A53C5B35A29B2F6FEE0B5ABC242707">Stoddart, H. E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A21B027BF747ABC984481E5726B01565">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EDAE70936060EE161FC51869466B889E">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ECC3C3F3751527EA56758DD555F731CD">2011-01-24</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6414D9477B1CFC44D1E0CEADA997DBFF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039A87FFE6294246FF6EFC6AFEE1235F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5294906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5294906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87FFE6294246FF6EFC6AFEE1235F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87FFE6294246FF6EFC6AFEE1235F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="C3296562E6294249FF6EFC6AFE4321A1" box="[151,426,896,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF6EFC6AFE4321A1" blockId="7.[151,426,896,956]" box="[151,426,896,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="D0C48185E6294249FF6EFC6AFE4321A1" bold="true" box="[151,426,896,922]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EFC6AFE4321A1" bold="true" box="[151,426,896,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FF6EFC6AFED921A1" ID-CoL="7NLBW" authority="Lowry &amp; Stoddart, 2011" authorityName="Lowry &amp; Stoddart" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,304,896,922]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family" status="fam. nov.">Thoriellidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2745780E6294249FECEFC6AFE4321A1" box="[311,426,896,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="family">fam. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3296562E6294249FF6EFC4EFB8427C0" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF6EFC4EFEE22187" blockId="7.[151,426,896,956]" box="[151,267,932,956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
(
<figureCitation id="13082A6CE6294249FF66FC4EFF0E2187" box="[159,231,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[177,1407,410,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-150@8.[173,1411,398,1931]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Morphological features of the Thoriellidae fam. nov. Habitus—Danaella mimonectes Stephensen, 1925. *Habitus, MD, MX1—Thoriella islandica Stephensen, 1915. H, MX2, MP—Parachevreuxiella lobata Andres, 1987. A1, A2,*MX2— Chevreuxiella metopoides Stephensen, 1915: (H, MX2, MP after Andres 1987.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5291277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5291277/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13082A6CE6294249FF0AFC4EFEEB2187" box="[243,258,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1439,1462]" captionTargetBox="[156,1420,205,1407]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[151,1436,195,1418]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Morphological features of the Thoriellidae fam. nov. G1—Parachevreuxiella lobata. G2—Chevreuxiella metopoides. P5, urosome—Thoriella islandica. *urosome—Danaella mimonectes. (G1 after Andres 1987; urosome after Stephensen 1915; *urosome after Stephensen 1925.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5291281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5291281/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF6EFC01FC89277C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EFC01FE18263F" bold="true" box="[151,497,1003,1028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EFC01FE43263F" box="[151,426,1003,1028]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Diagnostic description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FE4AFC01FE18263F" bold="true" box="[435,497,1003,1028]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Head</emphasis>
</emphasis>
exposed or partially covered by coxa 3;
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FC3EFC06FE152613" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">much deeper than long, extending well below insertion of antenna 2</emphasis>
, without cheek notch.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FCF7FBFAFC912613" box="[782,888,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Antennae</emphasis>
calceoli present or absent in male.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FADCFBFAFA752613" box="[1317,1436,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Antenna 2</emphasis>
peduncular article 3 without distal hook.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD76FBDFFD1E2677" box="[655,759,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Epistome</emphasis>
with proximal portion not produced.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FB30FBDEFA752677" box="[1225,1436,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mouthpart bundle</emphasis>
subquadrate.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FED6FBBDFE74264B" bold="true" box="[303,413,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mandible</emphasis>
incisors well developed, symmetrical or asymmetrical, left convex or straight, minutely serrate, right convex or straight, smooth; left lacinia mobilis absent; accessory setal row with 5 or less robust setae, without distal setal tuft; molar absent;
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FDB0FB4AFD3A2683" bold="true" box="[585,723,1184,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">palp absent</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD18FB75FCB82683" bold="true" box="[737,849,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Maxilla 1</emphasis>
inner plate with pappose setae along medial margin or with 2 apical pappose setae;
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FDF5FB2EFAFF26E7" bold="true" box="[524,1302,1219,1244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">outer plate with setal-teeth in modified 8/3 crown arrangement</emphasis>
, setal-teeth large; palp large, without apical robust setae.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD61FB02FCEC273B" box="[664,773,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Maxilla 2</emphasis>
inner plate subequal to or slightly shorter than outer plate, inner plate without oblique row of facial setae.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD46FAE1FCD5271F" bold="true" box="[703,828,1291,1316]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Maxilliped</emphasis>
outer plate present, medial setae vestigial or absent, without apical setae;
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FE7DFADAFCB12773" bold="true" box="[388,856,1327,1352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">palp 2-articulate, 1-articulate or absent</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3EFABEFCF227E3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF3EFABEFEB22757" box="[199,347,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Gnathopod 1</emphasis>
simple; coxa vestigial; ischium short (length up to 2 × breadth); carpus short; propodus small or large; dactylus slightly curved or vestigial.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD63FA92FCDB27AB" box="[666,818,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Gnathopod 2</emphasis>
coxa short, subequal in size to coxa 3 or vestigial.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EFA76FEE7278F" box="[151,270,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Pereopods</emphasis>
all simple; propodus with or without spurs.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FCFEFA76FC63278F" box="[775,906,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Pereopod 4</emphasis>
coxa with posteroventral lobe weak or absent.
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EFA2AFEF127E3" box="[151,280,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Pereopod 5</emphasis>
coxa posterior lobe deeper than anterior lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3EFA09FB8427C0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" box="[199,1133,1507,1532]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF3EFA09FEDA27C7" bold="true" box="[199,307,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Uropod 3</emphasis>
present or absent; if present then
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD54FA09FC5527C7" bold="true" box="[685,956,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
rami vestigial or
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FC88FA09FC5527C7" box="[881,956,1507,1532]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Telsidae" genus="Telson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="absent">absent</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FC30FA09FB8E27C7" box="[969,1127,1507,1532]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Telsidae" genus="Telson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="absent">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FC30FA09FB8E27C7" bold="true" box="[969,1127,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Telson absent</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3296562E6294249FF3EF9E2FC532453" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3EF9E2FD7F241B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" box="[199,662,1544,1568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF3EF9E2FEBD241B" bold="true" box="[199,340,1544,1568]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<typeStatus id="5488884BE6294249FF3EF9E2FEEB241B" box="[199,258,1544,1568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Type</typeStatus>
genus.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FEA2F9E2FD7B241B" ID-CoL="7Q4FV" authority="Stephensen, 1915" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[347,658,1544,1568]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FEA2F9E2FE2A241B" box="[347,451,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Thoriella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FE33F9E2FD7B241B" author="Stephensen, K." box="[458,658,1544,1568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref8638" refString="Stephensen, K. (1915) Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2, Biology (D 1), 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3EF9C6FC532453" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF3EF9C6FE79247F" bold="true" box="[199,400,1580,1604]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Included genera.</emphasis>
The
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FE33F9C6FDBA247F" ID-CoL="7NLBW" authorityName="Lowry &amp; Stoddart" authorityYear="2011" box="[458,595,1580,1604]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thoriellidae</taxonomicName>
includes 4 genera:
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FCD6F9C6FB71247F" ID-CoL="7NYW9" authority="Stephensen, 1915" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[815,1176,1580,1604]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Chevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FCD6F9C6FC22247F" box="[815,971,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Chevreuxiella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FC2BF9C6FB71247F" author="Stephensen, K." box="[978,1176,1580,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref8638" refString="Stephensen, K. (1915) Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2, Biology (D 1), 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FB5FF9C6FF382453" ID-CoL="7P7ZQ" authority="Stephensen, 1925" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1925" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Danaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FB5FF9C6FAE7247F" box="[1190,1294,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Danaella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FAEFF9C6FF382453" author="Stephensen, K." pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="423 - 428" refId="ref8716" refString="Stephensen, K. (1925) Danaella mimonectes (n. gen., n. sp.), a new bathypelagic gammarid (Fam. Lysianassidae) from South Greenland waters. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn, 80, 423 - 428." type="journal article" year="1925">Stephensen, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FF24F9BAFDA12453" ID-CoL="7PRNY" authority="Andres, 1987" authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1987" box="[221,584,1616,1640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Parachevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF24F9BAFE422453" box="[221,427,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Parachevreuxiella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FE4BF9BAFDA12453" author="Andres, H. G." box="[434,584,1616,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="95 - 103" refId="ref6380" refString="Andres, H. G. (1987) Die Gammaridea der 76. Reise von FFS &quot; Walther Herwig &quot; mit Beschreibung von Parachevreuxiella lobata gen. n. und sp. n. (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 95 - 103." type="journal article" year="1987">Andres, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FD86F9BAFC5F2453" ID-CoL="7Q4FV" authority="Stephensen, 1915" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[639,950,1616,1640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD86F9BAFD0E2453" box="[639,743,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Thoriella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FD17F9BAFC5F2453" author="Stephensen, K." box="[750,950,1616,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref8638" refString="Stephensen, K. (1915) Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2, Biology (D 1), 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3296562E6294246FF3EF99EFEE1235F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3EF99EFCF024EF" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF3EF99EFED224B7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1652,1676]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
Only cebocarids and thoriellids have the first and second coxae vestigial and maxilla 1 with the setal-teeth in an 8/3 crown arrangement. Thoriellids differ from cebocarids and all other lysianassoid families in having uropod 3 vestigial or absent and the
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FD79F956FCFC24EF" box="[640,789,1724,1748]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Telsidae" genus="Telson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="absent">telson absent</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294249FF3CF90AFCD1255F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
There is little information on the biology of this abyssopelagic group.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FB8AF90AFAC024C3" author="Herring, P. J." box="[1139,1321,1760,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="161 - 176" refId="ref7472" refString="Herring, P. J. (1981) Studies on bioluminescent marine amphipods. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 61, 161 - 176." type="journal article" year="1981">Herring (1981)</bibRefCitation>
reported bioluminescence in live specimens of
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FDABF8EEFA802527" box="[594,1385,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FDABF8EEFCC42527" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[594,813,1796,1820]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="islandica">Thoriella islandica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FCC5F8EEFB8D2527" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[828,1124,1796,1820]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Chevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metopoides">Chevreuxiella metopoides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FB8AF8EEFA802527" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1925" box="[1139,1385,1796,1820]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Danaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimonectes">Danaella mimonectes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and other entities in the
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FE8CF8C2FD68257B" box="[373,641,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FE8CF8C2FDE4257B" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[373,525,1832,1856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Chevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chevreuxiella</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FDE3F8C2FD68257B" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1925" box="[538,641,1832,1856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Danaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Danaella</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
group.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FD21F8C2FC9B257B" author="Parker, A. R." box="[728,882,1832,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="879 - 887" refId="ref7979" refString="Parker, A. R., (1999) An unusually isolated reflector for host bioluminescence on the second antenna of a lysianassoid (Amphipoda, Gammaridea). In: Schram, F. R. &amp; von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds), Crustaceans and the Biodiversity Crisis. Proceedings of the Fourth International Crustacean Congress, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 20 - 24, 1998. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, pp. 879 - 887." type="book chapter" year="1999">Parker (1999)</bibRefCitation>
reported an unusual antennal reflector associated with bioluminesence in an undescribed species of thoriellid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36E9E6294246FF3CF89AFEE1235F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1003,2036]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
Thoriellids have been very rarely reported in the literature. From the North Atlantic Ocean there have been one record of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FEE0F87EFD4D2597" authority="(Stephensen 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Stephensen" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[281,676,1940,1964]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Chevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FEE0F87EFE5C2597" box="[281,437,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Chevreuxiella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FE37F87EFD722597" author="Stephensen, K." box="[462,667,1940,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref8638" refString="Stephensen, K. (1915) Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2, Biology (D 1), 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, two records of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FC7AF87EFB322597" authority="(Stephensen 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Stephensen" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[899,1243,1940,1964]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Danaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FC7AF87EFC022597" box="[899,1003,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Danaella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FBFCF87EFB3B2597" author="Stephensen, K." box="[1029,1234,1940,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="423 - 428" refId="ref8716" refString="Stephensen, K. (1925) Danaella mimonectes (n. gen., n. sp.), a new bathypelagic gammarid (Fam. Lysianassidae) from South Greenland waters. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn, 80, 423 - 428." type="journal article" year="1925">Stephensen 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, one record of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FF6EF852FDE725EB" authority="(Andres 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Andres" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[151,526,1976,2000]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Parachevreuxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FF6EF852FE8C25EB" box="[151,357,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Parachevreuxiella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FE8AF852FDEF25EB" author="Andres, H. G." box="[371,518,1976,2000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="95 - 103" refId="ref6380" refString="Andres, H. G. (1987) Die Gammaridea der 76. Reise von FFS &quot; Walther Herwig &quot; mit Beschreibung von Parachevreuxiella lobata gen. n. und sp. n. (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 95 - 103." type="journal article" year="1987">Andres 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and two records of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FD16F852FCBE25EB" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[751,855,1976,2000]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FD16F852FCBE25EB" box="[751,855,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Thoriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FC9CF852FBCC25EB" author="Stephensen, K." box="[869,1061,1976,2000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref8638" refString="Stephensen, K. (1915) Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2, Biology (D 1), 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen 1915</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FBA5F852FAF425EB" author="Shoemaker, C. R." box="[1116,1309,1976,2000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="185 - 266" refId="ref8408" refString="Shoemaker, C. R. (1945) The Amphipoda of the Bermuda Oceanographic Expeditions (1929 - 1931. Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society, 30 (4), 185 - 266." type="journal article" year="1945">Shoemaker 1945</bibRefCitation>
). There are three records of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6294249FEB6F836FE5E25CF" baseAuthorityName="Stephensen" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[335,439,2012,2036]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Danaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294249FEB6F836FE5E25CF" box="[335,439,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Danaella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Southern Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FD13F836FC9725CF" author="Andres, H. G." box="[746,894,2012,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="183 - 220" refId="ref6334" refString="Andres, H. G. (1983) Die Gammaridea (Crustacea: Amphipoda) der Deutschen Antarktis-Expeditionen 1975 / 76 und 1977 / 78. 3. Lysianassidae. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 80, 183 - 220." type="journal article" year="1983">Andres 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294249FC72F836FB2525CF" author="Birstein, J. A. &amp; Vinogradov, M. E." box="[907,1228,2012,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="33 - 56" refId="ref6895" refString="Birstein, J. A. &amp; Vinogradov, M. E. (1962) [Pelagic Gammaridea (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) collected by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition on the M / V &quot; Ob &quot;, south of 40 ° S]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 1 (10), 33 - 56." type="journal article" year="1962">Birstein &amp; Vinogradov 1962</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6294246FAFDF836FF102294" author="Piatkowski, U. &amp; Rodhouse, P. G. &amp; White, M. G. &amp; Bone, D. G. &amp; Symon, C." lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="13 - 28" refId="ref8068" refString="Piatkowski, U., Rodhouse, P. G., White, M. G., Bone, D. G. &amp; Symon, C. (1994) Nekton community of the Scotia Sea as sampled by the RMT 35 during austral summer. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 112 (1 - 2), 13 - 28." type="journal article" year="1994">
Piatkowski
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6294246FA71F837FF5D228B" italics="true" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
), one record of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6264246FE4AFF72FDF2228B" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[435,539,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6264246FE4AFF72FDF2228B" box="[435,539,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Thoriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Red Sea (K.H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6264246FCBAFF7DFC092294" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[835,992,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 201" refId="ref6740" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1937) Amphipoda. Scientific Reports of the John Murray Expedition, 4, 131 - 201." type="journal article" year="1937">Barnard 1937</bibRefCitation>
) and one record of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D6AE6264246FB31FF72FAD9228B" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1915" box="[1224,1328,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thoriellidae" genus="Thoriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6264246FB31FF72FAD9228B" box="[1224,1328,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Thoriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the eastern South Pacific Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B18E6264246FE1DFF56FD4422EF" author="Vinogradov, G. M." box="[484,685,188,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="27 - 104" refId="ref9110" refString="Vinogradov, G. M. (1990) [Pelagic amphipods (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the south-eastern Pacific]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 124, 27 - 104." type="journal article" year="1990">Vinogradov 1990</bibRefCitation>
). According to Thurston (2010,
<emphasis id="B947EAFBE6264246FBE3FF57FBBE22EF" box="[1050,1111,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">in litt</emphasis>
.) there are possibly as many as 15 thoriellid entities among more than 100 or so specimens collected in the mid-water north-east Atlantic. Uncertainty as to the number of species arises from radical ontogenetic change and the difficulty of recognising whether differences are intra- or inter-specific. The description of these taxa may lead to changes in the family diagnosis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>