168 lines
18 KiB
XML
168 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.26107/RBZ-2021-0056" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7174178" ID-ZooBank="5B5371C9-3B1D-4A21-B907-8B10D66BD54D" approvalRequired="23" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="20" approvalRequired_for_treatments="3" checkinTime="1665290568899" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hui, Tan Heok" docDate="2021" docId="0397F038FFE1FFAFFC18FBEC8248FA78" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.69.336–363.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 69" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AF09A0581917EACD12E7F0991C3E7C26.4:RafflesBZool.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="AF09A0581917EACD12E7F0991C3E7C26" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Engkaria Hui 2021, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="353" masterDocId="FFAE8840FFF1FFBEFFEDFFF1814FFFED" masterDocTitle="Hypergastromyzon revisited, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)" masterLastPageNumber="363" masterPageNumber="336" pageNumber="352" updateTime="1665305855623" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hypergastromyzon revisited, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hui, Tan Heok</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-09-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>69</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>336</mods:start>
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<mods:end>363</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.26107/RBZ-2021-0056</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7174178</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5B5371C9-3B1D-4A21-B907-8B10D66BD54D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0397F038FFE1FFAFFC18FBEC8248FA78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397F038FFE1FFAFFC18FBEC8248FA78" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">
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<subSubSection box="[1013,1251,1053,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[1013,1251,1053,1077]" box="[1013,1251,1053,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">
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<heading bold="true" box="[1013,1251,1053,1077]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1013,1251,1053,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hui, 2021" authorityName="Hui" authorityYear="2021" box="[1013,1117,1053,1077]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gastromyzontidae" genus="Engkaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1013,1117,1053,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">Engkaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1132,1251,1053,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[811,1453,1117,2102]" lastBlockId="17.[136,778,189,982]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,931,1117,1141]" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A gastromyzontine loach with head and body relatively wide and depressed (body depth at dorsal-fin origin 14.1–16.2% SL, body depth 11.2–13.1% SL, caudalpeduncle depth 7.3–8.5% SL); pectoral and pelvic fins greatly enlarged (pectoral-fin rays 21–25, pelvic-fin rays 19–23); pectoral-fin origin below posterior margin of eye; pelvic fins not completely fused, posterior third not fused; mouth small, about half of head width, with horny jaw sheaths strongly curved towards vent; four pairs of very short barbels, two rostral and two maxillary; rostral cap fused with upper jaw except around base of rostral barbels; lower lip with medial groove well developed posterolaterally but interrupted anteromedially; snout rounded in dorsal view, strongly acuminate from lateral view; gill opening angular and large, above middle of pectoral-fin base to anterior of pectoral-fin origin; subopercular groove absent; base of first pectoral-fin ray separated from head by a deep groove parallel to anterior edge of fin ray on ventral side of head and continuous dorsally to gill opening, dorsal surface of pectoral-fin base without scales; supra-pelvic flap originating immediately behind pectoral-fin base and continuing as a free flap above anterior third of pelvic-fin base; abdomen without scales except for area where the pelvic fins are not fused; pored lateral scale rows 50–75; very short anal-fin base (3.6–6.6% SL); first anal-fin pterygiophore bifurcated; total vertebral count 27–28. Mature male with densely packed tubercles on anterior 5–6 pectoral-fin rays, and many tubercle ridges on opercle submargin. For
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<taxonomicName authority="Hui, 2021" authorityName="Hui" authorityYear="2021" box="[1191,1291,1981,2005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gastromyzontidae" genus="Engkaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[1191,1291,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">Engkaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the opercular tubercles appear as ridges of tubercles along the opercle submargin (
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<figureCitation box="[946,1029,2045,2069]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[136,171,1599,1621]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,197,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-8@23.[136,1474,197,1584]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 19. Engkaria eubranchus, ZRC 46068, 39.0 mm SL, male. Top: lateral view of head region showing tuberculation pattern on opercle; bottom: close-up of dorsal view of left pectoral fin showing tuberculation pattern (not to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7174218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7174218/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="352">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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), and some ridges form a continuous line of up to 30 tubercles, a character unique to this genus.
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<taxonomicName box="[136,385,189,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gastromyzontidae" genus="Engkaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eubranchus">
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<emphasis box="[136,385,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Engkaria eubranchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from other Bornean gastromyzontines in having the unique combination of characters: small mouth width (around ⅓ to ¼ of head width), shared with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1989" box="[343,544,286,309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Hypergastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[343,544,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Hypergastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1902" box="[591,766,285,309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Parhomaloptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[591,766,285,309]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Parhomaloptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; other genera
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1874" box="[307,468,318,341]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Gastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[307,468,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Gastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1899" box="[492,625,317,341]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Glaniopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[492,625,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Glaniopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat" authorityYear="2004" box="[647,766,317,341]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Katibasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[647,766,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Katibasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Popta" authorityYear="1905" box="[136,318,350,373]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Neogastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[136,318,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Neogastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1932" box="[385,516,350,373]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Protomyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[385,516,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Protomyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having a wider mouth (½ to ¾ head width). Incomplete fusion of pelvic fins with posterior portion free, vs. complete fusion in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1874" box="[627,768,414,437]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Gastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[627,768,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Gastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1989" box="[136,335,446,469]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Hypergastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[136,335,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Hypergastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Popta" authorityYear="1905" box="[388,564,446,469]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Neogastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[388,564,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Neogastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; separate pelvic fins in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1899" box="[162,278,477,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Glaniopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[162,278,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Glaniopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat" authorityYear="2004" box="[290,394,477,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Katibasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[290,394,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Katibasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1902" box="[406,582,477,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Parhomaloptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[406,582,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Parhomaloptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1932" box="[638,767,478,501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Protomyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[638,767,478,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Protomyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Greatly enlarged pectoral and pelvic fins which overlap to form a suction structure with the belly, shared with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1874" box="[136,284,574,597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Gastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[136,284,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Gastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1989" box="[302,513,574,597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Hypergastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[302,513,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Hypergastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Popta" authorityYear="1905" box="[582,768,574,597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Neogastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[582,768,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Neogastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hui, 2021" authorityName="Hui" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,235,605,629]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gastromyzontidae" genus="Engkaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[136,235,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Engkaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1989" box="[539,742,606,629]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Hypergastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[539,742,606,629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Hypergastromyzon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following characters: large angular opercular opening with anterior edge at pectoral-fin origin, vs. small lunate opening above pectoral-fin ray 6–7; fewer vertebrae (27–28, vs. 30–32); longer rostral barbels than maxillary barbels (vs. short rostral barbels and more elongate maxillary barbels); more pectoral-fin rays (19–23, vs. 17–19); more transverse scales (10.1.10–11, vs. 7–9.1.7–9); less vertebrae (27–28, vs. 30–32); more thickset body (body depth at anus 11.2–13.1% SL, vs. 8.4–10.6; caudal-peduncle depth 7.8–8.5% SL, vs. 5.2–8.0); smaller pectoral-fin length (33.4–38.3% SL, vs. 36.7–42.5); smaller eye (2.9–4.4% SL, vs. 3.4–5.9).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="17.[136,776,1021,1174]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">
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This genus is restricted to western Borneo, currently known only from the upstream area (Engkari branch) of Lupar River basin in Central
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<collectingCountry box="[381,476,1085,1109]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
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. It inhabits fast-flowing hill streams with well-oxygenated water running over rock and gravel base. As currently recognised, the genus is monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="353" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[134,776,1213,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,270,1213,1237]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Named for the Engkari River (Lupar River basin), a riparian stream system within the Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, which drains into the Batang Ai reservoir; and currently known only from Engkari River. Latinised and gender feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[138,775,1405,1429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[138,775,1405,1429]" box="[138,775,1405,1429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[138,285,1405,1429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">
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<typeStatus box="[138,195,1405,1429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Roberts, 1991" authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1991" box="[288,771,1405,1429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Balitoridae" genus="Hypergastromyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eubranchus">
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<emphasis box="[288,617,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="353">Hypergastromyzon eubranchus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Roberts TR" box="[622,771,1405,1429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="353" pagination="333 - 336" refId="ref12830" refString="Roberts TR (1991) Hypergastromyzon eubranchus, a new species of gastromyzontine loach (Homalopteridae) from Sarawak. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 37: 333 - 336." type="journal article" year="1991">Roberts, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |