539 lines
90 KiB
XML
539 lines
90 KiB
XML
<document id="6A504EF1DF104283F60D89FC671BCF5B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4756.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d48d52e-6505-4f62-909f-5da5c2cfb489" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736895" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9FF62616-A7FA-4331-AC51-0F534400631D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1585767638433" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kluge, Nikita J." docDate="2020" docId="039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4756.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4756 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thraulodes lepidus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="FFAEFFDEFF9D84648C6CFFE6DB3EFFA2" masterDocTitle="Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="127" updateTime="1698734461607" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0598EA6A3B8AFFC7711152947FE93D72" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A80E274A92DC22CC69E7D1B406F987D9">
|
||
<mods:title id="0CC044E33CE39BC75932ED12FD2FA3CA">Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="E9A25E2270A44AAD8C88543DD75F9A15" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5B059F1DF0C96266790B3C604834A9C5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="ECC5B9DB81D9A0DBBF415C635A940647">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F4170413B01E033997C04B1B882C9D9B">Kluge, Nikita J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="A01E79B770665A29076C179590F5936C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="02B6BA69943325E7895831B5D9CF2614" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="561DFA47DEF56E6FD3907FB2018A82EF">
|
||
<mods:title id="EF61C8A7C76CE031FB59CB302CF7A77B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A0C781AD954351F784B086F343E3CD24">
|
||
<mods:date id="CA8139D49885FCFED8114C7AFA0605D1">2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FB78F4D2AD8A1C6430D356F908519F75" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="CEFE037A1D635D69559AAF736C2B9D46">2020-03-26</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A79A76773000862A53BDB404DB741563" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="0258AE0A727EFCD6058B228CDD7789F9">4756</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="614A3129C969658062DFD54922136544" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="371F20A2E3DA610A7A63EE1AC1C297F2">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="D0FACD2189BB93D9797743720A54F9C3" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="F6F531408C9A7F4357A2803D5D6F746D">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="DEFE52FFD7D964E491EB8E376F423127">142</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="18F1DA4D3A215F5CE19E9076E4F3F95C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4E177C710761180E014BEA2AEBA7BB61" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4756.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="098336969FCB05EF62028BDAE242AC3C" type="GBIF-Dataset">4d48d52e-6505-4f62-909f-5da5c2cfb489</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="41E5B3B63D8CED832A180798993ACFD5" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="08C7A4A528396E7CF60ABAF0FD06C91C" type="Zenodo-Dep">3736895</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="965B430C9227C7BC9B32B39A3923B3F4" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9FF62616-A7FA-4331-AC51-0F534400631D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3811797" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163420774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3811797" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFFE3841A8CFBFBFBD96DFB95" box="[151,595,1053,1080]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFBFBD96DFB95" blockId="126.[151,595,1053,1115]" box="[151,595,1053,1080]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<heading id="D0C981DCFFE3841A8CFBFBFBD96DFB95" bold="true" box="[151,595,1053,1080]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CFBFBFBD96DFB95" bold="true" box="[151,595,1053,1080]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
18.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CAFFBFBD96DFB95" ID-CoL="56LKK" authority="(Eaton 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[195,595,1053,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CAFFBFBDA95FB9A" bold="true" box="[195,427,1053,1080]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Thraulodes lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8DD7FBFBD975FB95" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[443,587,1053,1079]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFFE3841A8CFBFBA7DA7DFBF9" box="[151,323,1088,1115]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFBA7DA7DFBF9" blockId="126.[151,595,1053,1115]" box="[151,323,1088,1115]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8CF3FBA7DA05FBF9" box="[159,315,1088,1115]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 591–602" captionStart-1="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId-0="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionStartId-1="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId-0="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId-1="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId-0="127" captionTargetPageId-1="129" captionText-0="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." captionText-1="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Figs 591–612</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFFE3841A8CFBFB63DE1EFA95" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFB63DF18FB3F" blockId="126.[151,1436,1156,1335]" box="[151,1062,1156,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFFE3841A8CFBFB63DF18FB3F" box="[151,1062,1156,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8CFBFB63DACEFB3F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[151,496,1157,1181]" page="109" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1884">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CFBFB63DACEFB3F" authority="Eaton 1884: 109" authorityName="Eaton" authorityPageNumber="109" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,496,1157,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CFBFB63DA7CFB3F" box="[151,322,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Thraulus lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8D25FB60DACEFB3F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[329,496,1157,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton 1884: 109</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8D92FB63D92FFB3F" box="[510,529,1157,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
imago);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8E01FB60D9C2FB3F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[621,764,1157,1181]" page="8" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1892">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8E01FB60D9C2FB3F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[621,764,1157,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69464" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1892) Ephemeridae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Neuroptera, pp. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1892">Eaton 1892: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(subimago,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8F15FB60D8B2FB3F" box="[889,908,1158,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8FD2FB60D8EFFB3F" box="[958,977,1158,1181]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
imago).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFB42D8DAFB79" blockId="126.[151,1436,1156,1335]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFFE3841A8CFBFB42D8DAFB79" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8CFBFB42D938FB1E" author="Ulmer, G." box="[151,518,1187,1212]" page="34" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1920">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CFBFB42D938FB1E" ID-CoL="56LKK" authority=": Ulmer 1920: 34" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,518,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CFBFB42DA67FB1E" box="[151,345,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Thraulodes lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8D09FB45D938FB1E" author="Ulmer, G." box="[357,518,1187,1212]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref72644" refString="Ulmer, G. (1920) Neue Ephemeropteren. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, (A), 85 (11), 1 - 80. [1919]" type="journal article" year="1920">Ulmer 1920: 34</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8E7CFB45D9E5FB1E" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[528,731,1187,1212]" page="343" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8E7CFB45D9E5FB1E" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[528,731,1187,1212]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins 1934: 343</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 7 (genitalia of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8FF1FB42D88EFB19" box="[925,944,1188,1211]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
imago);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8866FB45DFECFB1E" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[1034,1234,1187,1212]" page="303" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8866FB45DFECFB1E" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[1034,1234,1187,1212]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="269 - 318" refId="ref70374" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1960) The Ephemeroptera types of species described by A. E. Eaton, R. McLachlan and F. Walker, with particular reference to those in the British Museum (Natural History). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 9 (4), 269 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27553" type="journal article" year="1960">Kimmins 1960: 303</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FFE3841A88B3FB45DE07FB1E" box="[1247,1337,1187,1212]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in British Museum);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8D59FB25D958FB79" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[309,614,1218,1243]" page="369" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8D59FB25D958FB79" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[309,614,1218,1243]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="349 - 395" refId="ref72596" refString="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1967) A revision of the genus Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5 (8), 349 - 395." type="journal article" year="1967">Traver & Edmunds 1967: 369</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 18, 19, 27, 58 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8F5BFB25D874FB79" box="[823,842,1219,1243]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8F10FB25D8B1FB78" box="[892,911,1219,1242]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
imago).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFB07D9B9FB5B" blockId="126.[151,1436,1156,1335]" box="[151,647,1248,1273]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFFE3841A8CFBFB07D9B9FB5B" box="[151,647,1248,1273]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
?
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8CC5FB07D931FB5B" author="Ulmer, G." box="[169,527,1248,1273]" page="22" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1943">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CC5FB07D931FB5B" authority=": Ulmer 1943: 22" authorityName="Ulmer" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1943" box="[169,527,1248,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CC5FB07DA5CFB5B" box="[169,354,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Thraulodes lepida</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8D03FB06D931FB5B" author="Ulmer, G." box="[367,527,1248,1273]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="14 - 46" refId="ref72704" refString="Ulmer, G. (1943) Alte und neue Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeropteren) aus Sud- und Mittelamerika (Teil II). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 104, 14 - 46." type="journal article" year="1943">Ulmer 1943: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8E72FB07D90FFB5B" box="[542,561,1249,1273]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
imago).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFAE6DFBCFABA" blockId="126.[151,1436,1156,1335]" box="[151,1154,1279,1304]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFFE3841A8CFBFAE6DFBCFABA" box="[151,1154,1279,1304]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
≠
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8CC7FAE6D97BFABA" author="Traver, J. R." box="[171,581,1279,1304]" page="430" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="1946">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CC7FAE6D97BFABA" authority="Traver 1946: 430" authorityName="Traver" authorityPageNumber="430" authorityYear="1946" box="[171,581,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedregoso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CC7FAE6DAB0FABA" box="[171,398,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Thraulodes pedregoso</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8DF8FAE6D97BFABA" author="Traver, J. R." box="[404,581,1279,1304]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="418 - 436" refId="ref72450" refString="Traver, J. R. (1946) Notes on Neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae, subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Revista de Entomologia, 17, 418 - 436." type="journal article" year="1946">Traver 1946: 430</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 17–19 (synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8F1AFAE6DF48FABA" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[886,1142,1279,1304]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="349 - 395" refId="ref72596" refString="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1967) A revision of the genus Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5 (8), 349 - 395." type="journal article" year="1967">Traver & Edmunds 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFAF9DE1EFA95" blockId="126.[151,1436,1156,1335]" box="[151,1312,1310,1335]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFFE3841A8CFBFAF9DE1EFA95" box="[151,1312,1310,1335]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
≠
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FFE3841A8CC7FAF8D9B7FA95" author="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E." box="[171,649,1310,1335]" page="63" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" year="2001">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FFE3841A8CC7FAF8D9B7FA95" authority="Nieto & Dominguez 2001: 63" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="2001" box="[171,649,1310,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CC7FAF8DA6DFA94" box="[171,339,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8D35FAF8D9B7FA95" author="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E." box="[345,649,1310,1335]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref71717" refString="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E. (2001) A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Mexico. Aquatic Insects, 23 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.1.63.4926" type="journal article" year="2001">Nieto & Dominguez 2001: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 1–8 (synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FFE3841A8FCFFAF8DE2BFA95" author="Mariano, R. & Flowers, R. W. & Froehlich, C. G." box="[931,1301,1310,1335]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. & Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">Mariano, Flowers & Froehlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFFE3841A8CFBFA82DFB1FA01" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CFBFA82DFB1FA01" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CFBFA82DABDFADD" bold="true" box="[151,387,1380,1407]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B563CEDFFE3841A8DE1FA83DFB1FA01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2594509919" collectingDate="2018-01-24" collectingDateMax="2018-01-28" collectingDateMin="2018-01-24" collectorName="N. Kluge & L. Sheyko" country="Panama" latitude="8.793612" location="Altos del Valle" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-82.193054" municipality="Palo Seco" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-larva="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Provincia de Bocas del Toro">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FFE3841A8DE1FA83D939FADD" box="[397,519,1381,1407]" name="Panama" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FAF852FFE3841A8E79FA83D861FADD" box="[533,863,1381,1407]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Provincia de Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
|
||
, bosque protector
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE5ACCAFFE3841A8859FA83DF92FADD" box="[1077,1196,1381,1407]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Palo Seco</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EE1606BFFE3841A88DBFA83DE5BFADD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B:8EE1606BFFE3841A88DBFA83DE5BFADD" box="[1207,1381,1381,1407]" country="Panama" latitude="8.793612" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-82.193054" municipality="Palo Seco" name="Altos del Valle" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Provincia de Bocas del Toro">Altos del Valle</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE1606BFFE3841A8918FA83DBEAFA01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787A6FFE384E68CFBFBFBD9FAF88B:8EE1606BFFE3841A8918FA83DBEAFA01" country="Panama" latitude="8.793612" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-82.193054" municipality="Palo Seco" name="Rio Buris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Provincia de Bocas del Toro">Rio Buris</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FFE3841A8C88FA6FDA5BFA01" box="[228,357,1417,1443]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" precision="15" seconds="37" value="8.793612">8°47’37’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FFE3841A8D1DFA6ED938FA01" box="[369,518,1416,1443]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-82.193054">82°11’35’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FF801070FFE3841A8E77FA6FD98AFA01" box="[539,692,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" value="2018-01-24" valueMax="2018-01-28" valueMin="2018-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC4E998FFE3841A8E77FA6FD98AFA01" box="[539,692,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" value="2018-01-24" valueMax="2018-01-28" valueMin="2018-01-24">24–28.I.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CB5366FFE3841A8E9BFA6FD85EFA01" box="[759,864,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">N. Kluge</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26CB5366FFE3841A8F07FA6FD8DCFA01" box="[875,994,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">L. Sheyko</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8F81FA6FDF2BFA01" box="[1005,1045,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="larva">1 L</specimenCount>
|
||
/S
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8842FA6FDF7CFA01" box="[1070,1090,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8822FA6FDF44FA01" box="[1102,1146,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="larva">1 L</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FFE3841A8816FA6FDFB5FA01" box="[1146,1163,1417,1443]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFFE384E48CABFA4AD8DEFADB" lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CABFA4ADA5AFA65" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" box="[199,356,1452,1479]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CABFA4ADA5AFA65" bold="true" box="[199,356,1452,1479]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Descriptions.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CABFA37D9EFF991" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FFE3841A8CABFA37DA2CFA49" bold="true" box="[199,274,1489,1515]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Larva.</emphasis>
|
||
CUTICULAR COLORATION (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8EE5FA37D815FA49" box="[649,811,1488,1515]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Figs 592–596</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal side of head, thorax and abdomen light ocher with brown maculae; among them, submedian pair of large brown maculae on terga VI–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A88DEFA13DE2CF9AD" box="[1202,1298,1524,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 595</figureCitation>
|
||
) or on terga II–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8C82F9FFDA6EF996" box="[238,336,1561,1588]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 603</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs nearly unicolor light ocher.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CABF9DBDAACF94A" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
HYPODERMAL COLORATION (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8E3AF9DBD980F9F5" box="[598,702,1596,1623]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Figs 591</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8EA0F9DBD9C4F9FA" box="[716,762,1597,1624]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">603</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum with paired blackish stripe, running parallel to lateral margin and parallel to lateral 2/3 of fore margin; mesonotum with blackish markings. Abdominal terga, besides peculiar cuticular coloration (see above) with blackish stripes bordering posterior margins of terga and with paired triangular lateral blackish spots corresponding to dark brown marking of imago. Tergalii yellowish with gray maculation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8D4FF92BDABBF94A" box="[291,389,1741,1768]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 608</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CABF917D881F8D5" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
SHAPE AND SETATION. Clypeus slightly widened distally; labrum 1.15–1.25 times wider than clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8903F917DBFBF88D" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 592</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labrum widest at 0.4 length from base, with lateral sides angulate; fore margin (often turned ventrally), without median emargination, with all 5 denticles wide; anterior transverse setal row regular (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A88ADF8DFDE2AF8F1" box="[1217,1300,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–93" captionStartId="37.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,342,2018]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 86–93. Thraulodes telegraphicus. 86, median longitudinal section of labrum in usual condition; 87, the same, in spread condition; 88, labrum in spread condition in dorsal view (setal rows shown as dotted lines); 89, transverse section of hind tibia; 90–93, tergalii I, III, VI and VII. Abbreviations: anter.r, anterior transverse row of setae; dent., five denticles separated by six sensilla; poster.r, posterior transverse row of setae; i.f, inner field of stout pointed setae; i-a.h, inner-anterior recurved hairs; i-a.r, inner-anterior row of stout setae; o-a.r, outer-anterior row of stout setae; o.h, outer hairs; o-p.r, outer-posterior row of stout setae; p.r, row of posterior pointed pectinate setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736921/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
|
||
), as wide as all 5 denticles. Maxilla with 23–24 pectinate setae in apical-ventral row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FFE3841A8CABF867D994F81D" blockId="126.[151,1437,1380,1983]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Femora: Stout setae on anterior surface pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FFE3841A8E83F867D86CF83E" box="[751,850,1921,1948]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 600</figureCitation>
|
||
). Irregular row of hairs near inner margin absent on fore femur, present on middle and hind femora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF416638FF1D84E48CFBFF5ADEBBFEE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" targetBox="[151,1436,184,1894]" targetPageId="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CFBFF5ADEBBFEE2" blockId="128.[151,1436,188,321]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CFBFF5ADA53FF77" bold="true" box="[151,365,188,213]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">FIGURES 591–602.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48D1EFF5AD902FF76" box="[370,572,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1D84E48D1EFF5AD909FF76" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[370,567,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">Thraulodes lepidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFE75DFF9FD9F" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Fore tibia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48D2AFE75DA95FE0F" box="[326,427,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 599</figureCitation>
|
||
): outer hairs form two irregular rows; inner-anterior row of recurved hairs absent; inneranterior row of stout setae represented by few (3–4) stout blunt setae in proximal part of tibia; inner field of stout pointed setae reduced: in middle 1/3 of tibia represented by irregularly situated short pointed bipectinate setae (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC69B55FF1D84E4891DFE3DDB93FDBB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 in</quantity>
|
||
cross section), near apex of tibia represented by irregularly situated dense longer arches setae, on other parts of tibia represented by stout pointed setae as sparse and small as on tibiae of middle and hind legs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFDA1DE2EFD0B" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Hind tibia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48D2BFDA1DAD9FDC0" box="[327,487,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 601–602</figureCitation>
|
||
): each of three rows of stout setae—outer-anterior, outer-posterior and inner-anterior ones—consists of pointed stout setae; hairs located between outer-anterior and outer-posterior rows, numerous and form mostly one irregular row; hairs posteriad of outer-posterior row of stout setae located irregularly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFD55DE4DFD6F" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" box="[199,1395,690,717]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Claws with 5–6 denticles on rigid portion, with or without several minute denticles on articulatory portion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFD31D928FCFF" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Tergalii (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48D40FD31DAAFFD53" box="[300,401,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 591</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48DF0FD31DAC1FD50" box="[412,511,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">603, 608</figureCitation>
|
||
) moderately wide; on both lamellae main trachea without branches; dorsal lamella with costal margin most convex in proximal part and anal margin most convex in middle part, gradually narrowed toward apex, with short slender apical filament; ventral lamella widest near base, gradually narrowed toward apex, with short slender apical filament.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFC81DAF1FC6B" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Male genitalia in last larval instar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48E0CFC81D83AFC23" box="[608,772,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 604–605</figureCitation>
|
||
): protogonostyli short and separated one from another by shallow emargination. Each protopenis lobe elongate-triangular, gradually stretched to gonopore-bearing process; gonopores opened caudally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFC34DA6EFBDF" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFC34DA7DFC4F" bold="true" box="[199,323,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Subimago.</emphasis>
|
||
CUTICULAR COLORATION. Cuticle mostly brown. Mesonotum dark brown with colorless achromozones and pair of stripes on posterior scutal protuberances; chromozones of medioscutum and submedioscutum equally colored by brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48E61FBFDD950FB94" box="[525,622,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 609</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wings dark brown due to dark brown ring at base of each microtrichion; microtrichia blackish-brown (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48E4CFBD9D9BFFBFB" box="[544,641,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 427–438" captionStartId="100.[151,264,1753,1778]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@100.[151,1436,166,1733]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURES 427–438. Thraulodes niger sp. n. 427–428, head and thorax of male imago in lateral and dorsal view; 429, abdominal terga and sterna of male imago; 430, the same of male subimago; 431, subimaginal mesonotum; 432–433, genitalia of male imago with focus on styliger and on penis; 434, female imago; 435, its left fore wing; 436–437, its fore and middle legs; 438, subimaginal exuviae of fore wing (427–429, 432–433, 438, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737015/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 438</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal terga and sterna mostly brown with small colorless sigilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48CF3FB85DA06FBDF" box="[159,312,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 611–612</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFB61DEB2FB67" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
TEXTURE. On tarsi of all legs, 1st tarsomere with microtrichia (as tibia), 2nd–5th tarsomeres coved by blunt microlepides; pointed microlepides present near apical margins of 2nd–4th tarsomeres of all legs (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48972FB4DDE41FB67" box="[1310,1407,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 464–473" captionStartId="106.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[151,1436,181,1987]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 464–473. Thraulodes nigrabdominalis sp. n. (holotype). 464, left half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 465, 466, male imago; 467–469, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 470, subimaginal exuviae of fore leg; 471, genitalia of male imago; 472, apex of penis; 473, subimaginal exuviae of tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737024/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 473</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFB29D912FA93" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFB29DA26FB4B" bold="true" box="[199,280,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Imago.</emphasis>
|
||
Described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48DA8FB29D96AFB4B" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[452,596,1231,1257]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton (1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48E0EFB29D9A0FB4B" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[610,670,1231,1257]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69464" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1892) Ephemeridae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Neuroptera, pp. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1892">1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48ED8FB29D84DFB4B" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[692,883,1231,1257]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48FEEFB29DF1EFB4B" author="Ulmer, G." box="[898,1056,1231,1257]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="14 - 46" refId="ref72704" refString="Ulmer, G. (1943) Alte und neue Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeropteren) aus Sud- und Mittelamerika (Teil II). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 104, 14 - 46." type="journal article" year="1943">Ulmer (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Traver & Edmunds (1969). Leg coloration as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48D23FB15DAD3FAAF" box="[335,493,1266,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figs 597–598</figureCitation>
|
||
. Abdominal terga I and VII–IX dark brown, terga II-VI light with lateral triangular dark brown markings as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E48DA5FAF1D916FA93" box="[457,552,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 611</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFADDDABBFAF7" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" box="[199,389,1339,1365]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFADDDA36FAF7" bold="true" box="[199,264,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Eggs.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFAB8D8DEFADB" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" box="[199,992,1374,1402]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFAB8DA70FADB" bold="true" box="[199,334,1374,1401]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Dimension.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing length (and approximate body length)
|
||
<quantity id="4CC69B55FF1D84E48F10FAB9D8E2FADB" box="[892,988,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF1D84E48CABFA64DE5EFA3F" box="[199,1376,1410,1438]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFA64DE5EFA3F" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" box="[199,1376,1410,1438]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFA64DA5FFA3F" bold="true" box="[199,353,1410,1437]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF1D84E48D0BFA65DAFEFA3F" box="[359,448,1411,1437]" name="Panama" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48DA3FA65D96AFA3F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[463,596,1411,1437]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF1D84E48E88FA65D860FA3F" box="[740,862,1411,1437]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48F00FA65D8C6FA3F" author="Ulmer, G." box="[876,1016,1411,1437]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="14 - 46" refId="ref72704" refString="Ulmer, G. (1943) Alte und neue Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeropteren) aus Sud- und Mittelamerika (Teil II). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 104, 14 - 46." type="journal article" year="1943">Ulmer 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E4886FFA65DFB2FA3F" author="Traver, J. R." box="[1027,1164,1411,1437]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="418 - 436" refId="ref72450" refString="Traver, J. R. (1946) Notes on Neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae, subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Revista de Entomologia, 17, 418 - 436." type="journal article" year="1946">Traver 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1D84E488DDFA65DE6EFA3F" authorityName="Traver" authorityYear="1946" box="[1201,1360,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedregoso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E488DDFA65DE6EFA3F" box="[1201,1360,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Th. pedregoso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF1D84E68CABFA40D9FAF88B" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABFA40DE6FF9D7" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48CABFA40DAA2FA63" bold="true" box="[199,412,1446,1473]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Stage association.</emphasis>
|
||
Originally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1D84E48E4BFA41D998FA63" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[551,678,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48E4BFA41D998FA63" box="[551,678,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as male imago from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FAF852FF1D84E48826FA41DE2DFA63" box="[1098,1299,1447,1473]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Chiriqui province</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF1D84E48950FA41DEA6FA63" box="[1340,1432,1447,1473]" name="Panama" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
; till recently, its larva was unknown. The larval description given above, is nit based on a reared specimen, but on a male larva ready to molt to subimago, and a female last instar larva, collected close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1D84E488F5FA09DFF7F9AB" box="[1177,1225,1519,1545]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. The male subimago, extracted from the larval exuviae, is attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1D84E48F5CF9F5D892F98F" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[816,940,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E48F5CF9F5D892F98F" box="[816,940,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on its coloration of abdomen and legs. Protoptera of female larva demonstrate hypodermal coloration of costal and subcostal fields (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E488F3F9D1DFC0F9F3" box="[1183,1278,1590,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 591</figureCitation>
|
||
) and presence of well developed costal cross veins proximad of bulla, that agrees with description of imago of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1D84E488A2F9BDDE74F9D7" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[1230,1354,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1D84E488A2F9BDDE74F9D7" box="[1230,1354,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1D84E48CABF999DEA3F8D0" blockId="128.[151,1437,402,1906]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Abdominal coloration of male imago was described as following: «Abdominal segments 2–6 transparent whitish, each with the tip and an oblique stripe on each side recurrent therefrom, fuscescent; segments 7–10 rich brown-ochre, lighter or pale yellowish ochreous towards the sides and beneath, and narrowly edged with black at their distal dorsal border» (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1D84E48C97F90DDABEF8A7" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[251,384,1771,1797]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Fuscescent, brown and black markings reported in this description, represent hypodermal pigmentation. The examined specimen, besides this hypodermal pigments, bears subimaginal cuticle, which has brown color (except small paired sigilla) and is covered with dark brown microtrichiae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E4886FF8D5DF5DF8EC" box="[1027,1123,1843,1870]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig. 612</figureCitation>
|
||
), that makes the whole abdomen brown.Position of darker brown hypodermal markings agrees with the description of imaginal abdomen(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1D84E4895FF8B1DEAEF8D0" box="[1331,1424,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fig.611</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF416638FF1F84E68CFBFF5ADF9CFEC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1931]" targetPageId="129">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1F84E68CFBFF5ADF9CFEC7" blockId="130.[151,1436,188,357]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68CFBFF5ADA51FF77" bold="true" box="[151,367,188,213]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">FIGURES 603–612.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68D19FF5AD907FF76" authorityName=": Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[373,569,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68D19FF5AD907FF76" box="[373,569,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Thraulodes lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1F84E68CABFE51DF3DFD0B" blockId="130.[151,1437,439,1833]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
Leg coloration of the male imago was described as follows: «Fore leg in opaque view, with the femur, tibia, and joints 3 and 4 of the tarsus pitch-brown, the remainder of the tarsus dull light yellowish ochreous, the tip of the tibia slightly tinged with pitch-black. Hinder legs in opaque view, with the femur light reddish brown or rufo-piceous, the tibia and tarsus opaque amber-yellowish» (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68E12FDC5D83BFD9F" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[638,773,547,573]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="77 - 152" refId="ref69406" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1884) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Part 2. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 3, 77 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 01550 b. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Eaton 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast to many other species, all femora are entirely brown, fore tibiae have the same color, while middle and hind tibiae are much lighter. This hypodermal coloration is clearly visible through larval and subimaginal cuticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1F84E68F47FD8DD8F3FD27" box="[811,973,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 591–602" captionStartId="128.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 591–602. Thraulodes lepidus. 591, larva in dorso-lateral view with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings on head, thorax, protoptera, legs and abdomen; 592–598, larval exuviae at the same magnification; 597–598, fore and hind larval legs with subimaginal legs inside; 599, larval fore tibia; 600, anterior side of hind femur; 601, hind tibia with focus on outer-posterior row of stout setae; 602, the same with focus on outer-anterior and inner-anterior rows of stout setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737054/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Figs 597–598</figureCitation>
|
||
). This specimen differs from the Eaton’s description only by coloration of fore tarsus, which has all joints equally dark.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1F84E68CABFD54D865FB4B" blockId="130.[151,1437,439,1833]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68CABFD54DA5BFD6F" bold="true" box="[199,357,690,717]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Relationship.</emphasis>
|
||
Besides
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68DA4FD55D9ACFD6F" authority=", Eaton" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[456,658,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68DA4FD55D97AFD6F" box="[456,580,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
, Eaton
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described from the same place (province of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FAF852FF1F84E68812FD55DFE5FD6F" box="[1150,1243,691,717]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Chiriqui</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF1F84E68892FD55DE67FD6F" box="[1278,1369,691,717]" name="Panama" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
) male and female imagines of another species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68E0BFD31D8E8FD53" authority="(Eaton 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[615,982,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68E0BFD31D809FD53" box="[615,823,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Thraulodes valens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68F2AFD31D8F0FD53" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[838,974,727,753]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69464" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1892) Ephemeridae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Neuroptera, pp. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1892">Eaton 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68F8FFD31DFA0FD53" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[995,1182,727,753]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described and figured genitalia of both these species. He characterized the penis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68F23FD1DD8F3FCB7" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[847,973,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68F23FD1DD8F3FCB7" box="[847,973,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as following: «Lobes of the penis divergent, their apices rounded and turned more strongly outwards, and each bearing two spines. One, directed inwards and arising from the upper surface, is long and slender, and the other, on the outer lateral margin, is very small and directed basally» (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68D0FFC81D945FC23" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[355,635,871,897]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins 1934: 343-344</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 7), and penis of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1F84E68FE2FC81D8CBFC23" box="[910,1013,871,897]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68875FC81DFB3FC23" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1049,1165,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68875FC81DFB3FC23" box="[1049,1165,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. valens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as following: «Lobes of the penis divergent, apices rounded and furnished each with two spines; one, the longer, directed inwards, and the other basally» (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68D29FC49D912FC6B" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[325,556,942,969]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins 1934: 345</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 8). Thus, both species have a pair spines located on lateral projections of penis and directed basally. By this feature these two species differ from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E6884FFC35DF9DFC4F" authorityName="Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[1059,1187,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E6884FFC35DF9DFC4F" box="[1059,1187,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Thraulodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose lateral projections of penis are smooth and have no points.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68ECCFC11D8E0FBB0" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[672,990,1015,1042]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="349 - 395" refId="ref72596" refString="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1967) A revision of the genus Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5 (8), 349 - 395." type="journal article" year="1967">Traver and Edmunds (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave figures of genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68973FC11DEA2FBB3" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[1311,1436,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68973FC11DEA2FBB3" box="[1311,1436,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68CABFBFDDA05FB97" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[199,315,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68CABFBFDDA05FB97" box="[199,315,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. valens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
redrawn from the Kimmins’s paper (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68EB1FBFDD8C5FB97" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[733,1019,1051,1077]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="349 - 395" refId="ref72596" refString="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1967) A revision of the genus Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5 (8), 349 - 395." type="journal article" year="1967">Traver & Edmunds 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 27, 64), but ignored this feature and proposed synonymy between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68E4CFBD9D9A1FBFB" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[544,671,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68E4CFBD9D9A1FBFB" box="[544,671,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68EB7FBD9DF2BFBFB" authority="Traver 1946" authorityName="Traver" authorityYear="1946" box="[731,1045,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedregoso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68EB7FBD9D840FBFB" box="[731,894,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. pedregoso</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68FEAFBD9DF2BFBFB" author="Traver, J. R." box="[902,1045,1087,1113]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="418 - 436" refId="ref72450" refString="Traver, J. R. (1946) Notes on Neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae, subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Revista de Entomologia, 17, 418 - 436." type="journal article" year="1946">Traver 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose penis does not have these points (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68C80FB85DA43FBDF" author="Traver, J. R." box="[236,381,1123,1149]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="418 - 436" refId="ref72450" refString="Traver, J. R. (1946) Notes on Neotropical mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae, subfamily Leptophlebiinae. Revista de Entomologia, 17, 418 - 436." type="journal article" year="1946">Traver 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 19;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68D89FB85D838FBDF" author="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[485,774,1123,1149]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="349 - 395" refId="ref72596" refString="Traver, J. R. & Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1967) A revision of the genus Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 5 (8), 349 - 395." type="journal article" year="1967">Traver & Edmunds 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 58). Probably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68F86FB85DF57FBDF" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[1002,1129,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68F86FB85DF57FBDF" box="[1002,1129,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E688CFFB85DE27FBDF" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1187,1305,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E688CFFB85DE27FBDF" box="[1187,1305,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. valens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are closely related. According to the original descriptions, they have similar leg coloration (all femora mostly brown, fore tibia brown, middle and hind tibia yellowish), but differ in coloration of abdomen: in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E688EBFB4DDE3CFB67" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[1159,1282,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E688EBFB4DDE3CFB67" box="[1159,1282,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68946FB4DDEA3FB67" baseAuthorityName="Eaton" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[1322,1437,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68946FB4DDEA3FB67" box="[1322,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. valens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
«dorsum of abdomen light raw umber-brown» (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68EC0FB29D873FB4B" author="Eaton, A. E." box="[684,845,1231,1257]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref69464" refString="Eaton, A. E. (1892) Ephemeridae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. Class Insecta. Order Neuroptera, pp. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1892">Eaton 1892: 9</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1F84E68CABFB15DBCBF9AB" blockId="130.[151,1437,439,1833]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68CABFB15DA94FAAF" bold="true" box="[199,426,1267,1293]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Former synonymy.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68DDEFB15D84EFAAF" author="Mariano, R. & Flowers, R. W. & Froehlich, C. G." box="[434,880,1267,1293]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. & Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">Mariano, Flowers and Froehlich (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E688E8FB15DE01FAAF" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" box="[1156,1343,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E688E8FB15DE01FAAF" box="[1156,1343,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68914FB15DBD6FA93" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68914FB15DBD6FA93" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and argued this in a single sentence: «After analyzing the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1F84E68F15FAF1D8E5FA93" box="[889,987,1303,1329]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1F84E6887DFAF1DF42FA93" box="[1041,1148,1303,1329]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E688CEFAFEDE31FA93" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[1186,1295,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E688CEFAFEDE31FA93" box="[1186,1295,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">T. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E6892AFAFEDBD0FAF7" authorityName="Neito & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E6892AFAFEDBD0FAF7" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">T. cryptodrilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we conclude that the species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68E8EFADDDF11FAF7" author="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E." box="[738,1071,1339,1365]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref71717" refString="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E. (2001) A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Mexico. Aquatic Insects, 23 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.1.63.4926" type="journal article" year="2001">Nieto and Domínguez (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on material from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF1F84E6892BFADDDEA3FAF7" box="[1351,1437,1339,1365]" name="Mexico" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
collected in 1981 is the same as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68D93FA86D955FADB" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[511,619,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68D93FA86D955FADB" box="[511,619,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">T. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is proposed here as a synonym». They did not specify,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1F84E68967FAB9DE53FADB" box="[1291,1389,1375,1401]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54858812FF1F84E68CFBFA65DA3CFA3F" box="[151,258,1411,1437]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of which species did they examined and did not give original figures of these type specimens. According to the published figures and descriptions, these two species well differ one from another by genital structure and by coloration of legs and abdomen. The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68EB4FA2DDF81FA47" authority="Nieto & Dominguez 2001" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" box="[728,1215,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68EB4FA2DD8ACFA47" box="[728,914,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68FF5FA2DDF81FA47" author="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E." box="[921,1215,1483,1509]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref71717" refString="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E. (2001) A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Mexico. Aquatic Insects, 23 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.1.63.4926" type="journal article" year="2001">Nieto & Dominguez 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be regarded as valid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF1F84E68CABF9F5D9FAF88B" blockId="130.[151,1437,439,1833]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
Crumpled subimaginal genitalia, extracted from larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF1F84E68F2DF9F5D8DEF98C" box="[833,992,1555,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 603–612" captionStartId="130.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,181,1931]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 603–612. Thraulodes lepidus. 603, larva with brown cuticular markings and blackish hypodermal markings; 604– 605, cuticle of larval protogonostyli and protopenis; 606–607, subimaginal styliger with gonostyli and penis extracted from larva; 608, tergalius III; 609–610, subimaginal thorax extracted from larva; 611, abdom of male subimago extracted from larva; 612, its enlarged fragment. Abbreviations: cut.subim, brown subimaginal cuticle with small paired blanks; hyp.w, non-pigmented area of hypoderm visible through blanks of cuticle; hyp.b, dark brown hypodermal coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737056/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Figs 606–607</figureCitation>
|
||
) do not allow to reveal all features of the imaginal genital structure; however, they allow to assume correspondence with the genitalia described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68914F9D1DBD6F9D7" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68914F9D1DBD6F9D7" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68C94F9BDDA99F9D7" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[248,423,1627,1653]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="338 - 353" refId="ref70318" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1934) Notes on the Ephemeroptera of the Godman and Salvin collection, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 14 (81), 338 - 353. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654903" type="journal article" year="1934">Kimmins 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7), but do not allow to assume correspondence with the genital of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E688B6F9BDDEA8F9D7" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" box="[1242,1430,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E688B6F9BDDEA8F9D7" box="[1242,1430,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose spears are much shorter and dorsal projection of styliger much wider apically (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF1F84E68806F999DEA6F93B" author="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E." box="[1130,1432,1663,1689]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref71717" refString="Nieto, C. & Dominguez, E. (2001) A new species of Thraulodes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Mexico. Aquatic Insects, 23 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.1.63.4926" type="journal article" year="2001">Nieto & Dominguez 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 6–8). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68D46F945DADAF91F" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" box="[298,484,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68D46F945DADAF91F" box="[298,484,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
definitive penis is as short as the dorsal extension of styliger; in my specimen it has similar length in pressed and crumpled condition, so in definitive condition it must be as long as described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68914F921DBD6F8A7" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68914F921DBD6F8A7" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Telopenes of the subimaginal penis have definitive length; they are as long as in imago if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E6888BF90DDE5AF8A7" authorityName=", Eaton" authorityYear="1884" box="[1255,1380,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E6888BF90DDE5AF8A7" box="[1255,1380,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. lepidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that is much longer than in imago of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF1F84E68E68F8E9D983F88B" authorityName="Nieto & Dominguez" authorityYear="2001" box="[516,701,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryptodrylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF1F84E68E68F8E9D983F88B" box="[516,701,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Th. cryptodrylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |