1783 lines
207 KiB
XML
1783 lines
207 KiB
XML
<document id="3C3EAABF00F4951C13B91D87C8023B92" ID-CLB-Dataset="187951" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5206.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3d3273a-0f58-4e50-b685-6468869b61fa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7318829" ID-ZooBank="CE749F6C-5832-4152-AB4B-6D89ACCDD560" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1668423279735" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Johnson, Robert A., Borowiec, Marek L., Snelling, Roy R. & Cole, Arthur C." docDate="2022" docId="039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5206.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5206 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5206.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Veromessor andrei" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFAAFF85FFE5FFCF7F52FF8C5C7EFFAC" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision and a review of the biology of the North American seed-harvester ant genus Veromessor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1699411435789" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5374CFF7343AAAB2E365B300E4DD1531">A taxonomic revision and a review of the biology of the North American seed-harvester ant genus Veromessor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F24345CA0ABF37C6B4B6E1A6B397E919">Johnson, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED96BB35FB680529D7884801594B9675">Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A2916175106C9429C432F5304F15C891" type="email">marek.borowiec@colostate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="ADCF488329FC97D7E8780AA13D8E8902">Snelling, Roy R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E598F9D3F59CD104A2A42B2801A88C7">Cole, Arthur C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8BBCDBFE669E1B81935B901D81D1F5AE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2965FC0691A8B9FDCFE0A1125DC0A93D">
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<mods:date id="B9CA0C161A8CAED34D221128F670CFC3">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7327867" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205077701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7327867" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FE165D07FE18" box="[151,377,409,436]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FE165D07FE18" blockId="11.[151,447,409,507]" box="[151,377,409,436]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0CD8187FFEEFFC47FC5FE165D07FE18" bold="true" box="[151,377,409,436]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FE165D07FE18" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,377,409,436]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
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<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FE165D07FE18" bold="true" box="[151,377,409,436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FE315DC1FE7B" box="[151,447,445,472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FE315DC1FE7B" blockId="11.[151,447,409,507]" box="[151,447,445,472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47FCDFE315D5EFE7B" box="[159,288,445,471]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[378,1208,181,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[378,1208,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of the metasternal process on males of Veromessor: (A) V. andrei (CASENT4010823), (B) V. chamberlini (UCRC_ENT00500152), (C)V.chicoensis (CASENT0869853), (D) V.julianus (LACMENT359792),(E)V.lariversi (CASENT0761204), (F) V. lobognathus (LACMENT363986), (G) V. pergandei (CASENT0869850), (H) V. pseudolariversi (CASENT0869851), (I) V. smithi (LACMENT364071), and (J) V. stoddardi (LACMENT364102). Photographs by Robert Johnson from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figures 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47E7EFE315DFEFE7B" box="[300,384,445,472]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-4="21.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox-0="[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[403,1184,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@17.[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@18.[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@19.[403,1185,181,1920]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@20.[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetId-4="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionTargetPageId-4="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (orange form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923137). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (red form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923139). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (bicolored form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923133). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (black form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923138). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the four categories of increasing psammophore development for species of Veromessor based on number and distribution of long J-shaped hairs on the ventral surface of the head capsule (= hypostomal region) (see text). Photograph of: (A) V. chicoensis (CASENT0923125)—J-shaped hairs mostly absent with scattered straight or evenly curved hairs, (B) V. andrei (CASENT0923140)—J-shaped hairs present but not arranged in a distinct row, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, (C) V. chamberlini (CASENT0761101) and (D) V. smithi (CASENT0923131)—J-shaped hairs present, arranged in a V-shaped row which does not reach the posterior part of the lateroventral margin of head capsule, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, and (E) V. pergandei (CASENT0923124)—J-shaped hairs present, many long J-shaped hairs arranged in a distinct row around the outer margin of the ventral region of the head capsule. Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318833" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318835" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318837" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318839" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318842" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318833/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318835/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7318837/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7318839/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7318842/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2–5 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47ED9FE315DC9FE7B" box="[395,439,445,471]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStart-2="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="22.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[426,1158,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[425,1161,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[420,1168,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@22.[426,1160,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@23.[425,1162,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@24.[420,1168,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="23" captionTargetPageId-2="24" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Photograph of Veromessor andrei alate queen (orange form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923142). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Veromessor andrei alate queen (black form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923141). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-2="FIGURE 9. Photograph of Veromessor andrei male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923143). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318844" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318846" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318848" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318844/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318846/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7318848/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7–9</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FE6D5DC4FE57" box="[151,442,481,507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FE6D5DC4FE57" blockId="11.[151,447,409,507]" box="[151,442,481,507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Distribution—
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47E69FE6D5DC4FE57" box="[315,442,481,507]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[417,1169,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@25.[417,1170,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 10. Geographic distribution of: (A) Veromessor andrei, (B) V. chamberlini, and (C) V. chicoensis. The larger black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. The northernmost locale for V. chamberlini was given only as Santa Clara County, and we have placed this locale near the center of the county." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318850/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figure 10A</figureCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FD935EF1FD9B" box="[151,655,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FD935EF1FD9B" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,655,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FD935EF1FD9B" box="[151,655,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47FC5FD935E56FD9B" author="Mayr, G." box="[151,552,543,567]" page="448" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1886">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FD935E56FD9B" authority="Mayr, 1886: 448" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="448" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,552,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FD935D06FD9B" box="[151,376,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Aphaenogaster andrei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47E2DFD935E56FD9B" author="Mayr, G." box="[383,552,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="419 - 464" refId="ref70555" refString="Mayr, G. (1886) Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika. Verhandlungen Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Wein, 36, 419 - 464." type="journal article" year="1886">Mayr, 1886: 448</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(worker).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47DC6FD93587DFD1E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47DC6FD93587DFD1E" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47DC6FD935E8FFD9B" box="[660,753,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
examined:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47C3AFD935FB3FD9B" box="[872,973,543,567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">8 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
[NHMW],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFEEFFC47B17FD93597AFD9B" box="[1093,1284,543,567]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47A5CFD935907FD9B" box="[1294,1401,543,567]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
: no location,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEEFFC47E74FDB25DE4FDFA" box="[294,410,574,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1884-04">April 1884</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47EF4FDB25E7DFDFA" box="[422,515,574,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
|
||
[NHMW],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47D2CFDB25E97FDFA" box="[638,745,574,598]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
: San Mateo;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47C21FDB25FAEFDFA" box="[883,976,574,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
|
||
[NHMW],
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47B19FDB258C0FDFA" box="[1099,1214,574,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">12 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
[USNM],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47A7DFDB259E6FDFA" box="[1327,1432,574,598]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, San Benito County, Tres Pinos;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47D47FDD15EB0FDD8" author="Emery, C." box="[533,718,604,629]" page="306" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1895">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47D47FDD15EB0FDD8" author="Emery, C." box="[533,718,604,629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="257 - 360" refId="ref67769" refString="Emery, C. (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 8, 257 - 360." type="journal article" year="1895">Emery, 1895: 306</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(queen);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47C61FDD058F5FDD8" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J." box="[819,1163,604,628]" page="240" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1972">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47C61FDD058F5FDD8" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J." box="[819,1163,604,628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="233 - 246" refId="ref73549" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1972) Ant larvae of the subfamily Myrmicinae: second supplement on the tribes Myrmicini and Pheidolini. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 7, 233 - 246." type="journal article" year="1972">Wheeler and Wheeler, 1972: 240</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 7 (larvae); Taber and Colkendolpher, 1988: 95, fig. 1b (karyotype). See also
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47DA4FDF75826FD3F" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[758,1112,635,659]" page="362" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1934">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47DA4FDF75826FD3F" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[758,1112,635,659]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 362</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, plate II, fig. 2. NHMW worker from Tres Pinos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47E24FD165DA1FD1E" box="[374,479,666,690]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
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||
, here designated
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47DDCFD155F54FD1D" bold="true" box="[654,810,665,689]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47DDCFD155F54FD1D" box="[654,810,665,689]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[CASENT0923122].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FD355FE2FC6A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FD35580FFD7C" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,1137,696,721]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FD35580FFD7C" box="[151,1137,696,721]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FD355D85FD7C" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" box="[151,507,696,720]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei" subGenus="Messor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FD355D7FFD7C" box="[151,257,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47E5DFD355D24FD7C" box="[271,346,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47E3BFD345DD4FD7C" box="[361,426,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47D54FD355EC4FD7C" author="Emery, C." box="[518,698,696,721]" page="306" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1895">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47D54FD355EC4FD7C" author="Emery, C." box="[518,698,696,721]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="257 - 360" refId="ref67769" refString="Emery, C. (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 8, 257 - 360." type="journal article" year="1895">Emery, 1895: 306</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47CC5FD35587FFD7C" ID-CoL="7MDH" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1839" box="[919,1025,697,720]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47CC5FD35587FFD7C" box="[919,1025,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stenamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47B5DFD355824FD7C" ID-CoL="5Q45" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[1039,1114,697,720]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47B5DFD355824FD7C" box="[1039,1114,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FD545FB6FD43" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,968,727,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FD545FB6FD43" box="[151,968,727,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FD545DD3FD43" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" box="[151,429,727,751]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FD545D22FD43" box="[151,348,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47EE5FD5B5E21FD43" author="Emery, C." box="[439,607,727,751]" page="73" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1915">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47EE5FD5B5E21FD43" author="Emery, C." box="[439,607,727,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="67 - 75" refId="ref67802" refString="Emery, C. (1915) Definizione del genere Aphaenogaster e partizione di esso in sottogeneri. Parapheidole e Novomessor nn. gg. Rendiconti delle Sessioni della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, New Series, 19, 67 - 75." type="journal article" year="1915">Emery, 1915: 73</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47C6EFD545FC7FD43" baseAuthorityName="Donisthorpe" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[828,953,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47C6EFD545FC7FD43" box="[828,953,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FD7A5F24FC80" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FD7A5F24FC80" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FD7A5E42FCA2" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" box="[151,572,758,782]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei" subGenus="Veromessor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FD7A5D6AFCA1" box="[151,276,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47E76FD7A5DE7FCA1" box="[292,409,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47EFBFD7A5D94FCA2" box="[425,490,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47D15FD7A5E8FFCA1" author="Forel, A." box="[583,753,757,782]" page="235" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47D15FD7A5E8FFCA1" author="Forel, A." box="[583,753,757,782]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="229 - 253" refId="ref68064" refString="Forel, A. (1917) Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 51, 229 - 253." type="journal article" year="1917">Forel, 1917: 235</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47C83FD7A5830FCA1" baseAuthorityName="Donisthorpe" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[977,1102,758,781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47C83FD7A5830FCA1" box="[977,1102,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47B0CFD7A58ADFCA1" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1118,1235,758,781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47B0CFD7A58ADFCA1" box="[1118,1235,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47BA1FD7A59E2FCA2" author="Emery, C." box="[1267,1436,758,782]" page="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47BA1FD7A59E2FCA2" author="Emery, C." box="[1267,1436,758,782]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref67853" refString="Emery, C. (1921) Hymenoptera, Family Formicidae, Subfamily Myrmicinae [part]. Genera Insectorum, 174 A, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1921">Emery, 1921: 67</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47F82FC985D6FFC80" authority="Mayr, 1886: 448" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="448" authorityYear="1886" box="[208,273,788,812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47F82FC985D6FFC80" box="[208,273,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47EF7FC995DAFFC81" box="[421,465,789,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47D10FC995EC1FC80" baseAuthorityName="Donisthorpe" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[578,703,789,812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47D10FC995EC1FC80" box="[578,703,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47D9CFC995F3DFC80" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[718,835,789,812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47D9CFC995F3DFC80" box="[718,835,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FCB85811FCE7" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,1135,819,843]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FCB85811FCE7" box="[151,1135,819,843]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FCB85DDBFCE7" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,421,819,843]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FCB85D2AFCE7" box="[151,340,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47EFDFCBF5F70FCE7" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[431,782,819,843]" page="362" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47EFDFCBF5F70FCE7" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[431,782,819,843]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 362</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47CB9FCB8581EFCE7" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1003,1120,820,843]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47CB9FCB8581EFCE7" box="[1003,1120,820,843]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FCDE5905FCC6" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,1403,849,874]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FCDE5905FCC6" box="[151,1403,849,874]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FCDE5E47FCC6" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" box="[151,569,850,874]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei" subGenus="Veromessor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FCDE5D6AFCC5" box="[151,276,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47E71FCDE5DE6FCC5" box="[291,408,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47EF5FCDE5D96FCC6" box="[423,488,850,874]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47D16FCDE5F68FCC5" author="Enzmann, J." box="[580,790,849,874]" page="152" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1947">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47D16FCDE5F68FCC5" author="Enzmann, J." box="[580,790,849,874]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="147 - 152" refId="ref67881" refString="Enzmann, J. (1947) New forms of Aphaenogaster and Novomessor. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 55 (2), 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1947">Enzmann, 1947: 152</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(revived combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47B44FCDE58EDFCC5" baseAuthorityName="Donisthorpe" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[1046,1171,850,873]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47B44FCDE58EDFCC5" box="[1046,1171,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Novomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47BF0FCDE5969FCC5" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1186,1303,850,873]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47BF0FCDE5969FCC5" box="[1186,1303,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], in key).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FCFD5FEBFC24" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,917,880,904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FCFD5FEBFC24" box="[151,917,880,904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FCFD5D04FC24" ID-CoL="6RBHN" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,378,880,904]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FCFD5D57FC24" box="[151,297,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Messor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47ED7FCFC5E42FC24" author="Bolton, B." box="[389,572,880,904]" page="341" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47ED7FCFC5E42FC24" author="Bolton, B." box="[389,572,880,904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="307 - 370" refId="ref66249" refString="Bolton, B. (1982) Afrotropical species of the myrmicine ant genera Cardiocondyla, Leptothorax, Melissotarsus, Messor, and Cataulcus (Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 45 (4), 307 - 370." type="journal article" year="1982">Bolton, 1982: 341</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(revived combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47C6FFCFD5FF6FC24" ID-CoL="5Q45" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[829,904,881,904]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47C6FFCFD5FF6FC24" box="[829,904,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FC1C5899FC0B" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,1255,911,935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FC1C5DDBFC0B" authority="(Mayr)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,421,911,935]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FC1C5D2AFC0B" box="[151,340,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Ward, Brady, Fisher, and Schultz: 2015: 13 (revived combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47B36FC1C58A7FC0B" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1124,1241,912,935]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47B36FC1C58A7FC0B" box="[1124,1241,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FC225FE2FC6A" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,924,942,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FC225FE2FC6A" box="[151,924,942,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47FC5FC225F49FC6A" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[151,823,942,966]" page="366" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1934">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FC225F49FC6A" authority="Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 366" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityPageNumber="366" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,823,942,966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FC225D2CFC6A" box="[151,338,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47ECFFC225DA4FC6A" box="[413,474,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">flavus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47E8CFC225F49FC6A" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[478,823,942,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 366</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(worker).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47CF2FC2259ECFBAF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47CF2FC2259ECFBAF" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47CF2FC225F83FC6A" box="[928,1021,942,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
examined:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47B22FC2258AAFC6A" box="[1136,1236,942,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">3 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
[USNM],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFEEFFC47A6CFC225D5CFC48" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47E7EFC405DE9FC48" box="[300,407,972,996]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
: San Diego County, Jacumba (W.M. Wheeler leg.,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEEFFC47CCAFC405842FC48" box="[920,1084,972,997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1917-08-13">13 August 1917</date>
|
||
).
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47B1FFC40595AFC48" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[1101,1316,972,996]" page="159" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1950">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47B1FFC40595AFC48" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[1101,1316,972,996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 585" refId="ref67372" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1950) The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 104, 1 - 585." type="journal article" year="1950">Creighton, 1950: 159</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(synonomy under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47E55FC675D87FBAF" authority="Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 365" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityPageNumber="365" authorityYear="1934" box="[263,505,1003,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="castaneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47E55FC675D36FBAF" box="[263,328,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47EC7FC605D87FBAF" box="[405,505,1004,1027]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; here confirmed). USNM worker here designated
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47CAAFC6758EAFBAF" bold="true" box="[1016,1172,1003,1027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47CAAFC6758EAFBAF" box="[1016,1172,1003,1027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[USNMENT00529212].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FB865F94FB8E" box="[151,1002,1033,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FB865F94FB8E" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" box="[151,1002,1033,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFEEFFC47FC5FB865F94FB8E" box="[151,1002,1033,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47FC5FB865FFFFB8D" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[151,897,1033,1058]" page="365" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1934">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47FC5FB865FFFFB8D" authority="Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 365" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityPageNumber="365" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,897,1033,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="castaneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FB865D29FB8E" box="[151,343,1034,1058]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47EFBFB865E73FB8D" box="[425,525,1034,1057]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47D44FB865FFFFB8D" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[534,897,1033,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton, 1934: 365</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(worker).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47CA0FB865DC1FBD1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47CA0FB865DC1FBD1" blockId="11.[151,1437,543,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47CA0FB865831FB8E" box="[1010,1103,1034,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
examined:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47B99FB85594DFB8E" box="[1227,1331,1033,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">5 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
[LACM],
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEEFFC47F95FBA45D4DFBEC" box="[199,307,1064,1088]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
[USNM],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFEEFFC47EFCFBA55E0BFBEC" box="[430,629,1064,1088]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47DD4FBA45E8FFBEC" box="[646,753,1064,1088]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
: San Diego County, Jacumba (W.M. Wheeler leg.,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEEFFC47A7CFBA45C80FBF3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1917-08-13">13 August 1917</date>
|
||
).
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFEEFFC47E41FBCB5DABFBF3" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[275,469,1095,1119]" page="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1953">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEEFFC47E41FBCB5DABFBF3" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[275,469,1095,1119]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton 1953: 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(synonomy under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEEFFC47DF3FBCB5E9CFBF3" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[673,738,1095,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47DF3FBCB5E9CFBF3" box="[673,738,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; here confirmed). USNM worker here designated
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47A52FBCB59E2FBF3" bold="true" box="[1280,1436,1095,1119]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47A52FBCB59E2FBF3" box="[1280,1436,1095,1119]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[USNMENT00529071].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47FC5FB295ED1F8C7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47FC5FB295ED1F8C7" blockId="11.[151,1437,1189,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47FC5FB295D11FB13" bold="true" box="[151,367,1189,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Worker diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is uniquely characterized by the following combination of features: (1) usually dark reddish-brown to dark brownish, gaster usually darker; some populations in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47B19FB4558C3FB4F" box="[1099,1213,1225,1251]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47BA3FB4559E3FB4F" box="[1265,1437,1225,1251]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
light yellowish-orange to ferruginous orange to rust colored; some populations in the Central Valley of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEEFFC47A79FB6159E3FAAB" box="[1323,1437,1261,1287]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Monterey area blackish to black, (2) medial lobe of clypeus with 2–3 coarse, lateral longitudinal rugae, medial lobe not thick and protuberant in profile, not elevated above lateral lobes in frontal view, (3) mandibles with 8 teeth, (4) entire circumference of base of scape with a strongly developed and flattened, flared and trumpet-like flange; maximum basal width of scape slightly greater than maximum preapical width, (5) MOD less than OMD, OI <23.5, (6) cephalic dorsum with coarse, wavy to irregular, longitudinal rugae that usually have short lateral branches posterior to eyes; medial rugae not diverging to weakly diverging toward posterior corners; cephalic interrugae weakly punctulate, weakly shining, (7) psammophore poorly developed; ventral surface of head capsule with both J-shaped hairs and straight or evenly curved hairs, J-shaped hairs not arranged in a distinct row, (8) in dorsal view, anterior margin of pronotum with one to few irregular transverse rugae, remainder usually with strongly irregular, longitudinal rugae to rugoreticulate; sides of pronotum with wavy to strongly irregular rugae that traverse longitudinally to posterodorsally to rugoreticulate; mesosoma with coarse, strongly irregular longitudinal rugae; mesopleura with mostly longitudinal rugae or rugae angle posterodorsally, rugae (especially on dorsal onehalf) often with lateral branches to rugoreticulate; interrugae on mesosoma weakly punctulate, weakly shining, (9) propodeal spines very slender, acuminate, not curved in profile or in dorsal view; length> 3.0× the distance between their bases, infraspinal facet and propodeal declivity weakly coriarious or with weak irregular, transverse rugae, moderately to strongly shining, and (10) metasternal process large, higher than long, apex very broadly rounded to nearly flat, partly translucent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47EBBF8DD5E0CF8C0" box="[489,626,1873,1900]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[403,1184,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@17.[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@18.[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@19.[403,1185,181,1920]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@20.[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (orange form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923137). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (red form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923139). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (bicolored form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923133). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (black form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923138). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318833" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318835" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318837" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318839" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318833/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318835/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7318837/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7318839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figures 2–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEEFFC47D2CF8DD5EDCF8C7" box="[638,674,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the four categories of increasing psammophore development for species of Veromessor based on number and distribution of long J-shaped hairs on the ventral surface of the head capsule (= hypostomal region) (see text). Photograph of: (A) V. chicoensis (CASENT0923125)—J-shaped hairs mostly absent with scattered straight or evenly curved hairs, (B) V. andrei (CASENT0923140)—J-shaped hairs present but not arranged in a distinct row, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, (C) V. chamberlini (CASENT0761101) and (D) V. smithi (CASENT0923131)—J-shaped hairs present, arranged in a V-shaped row which does not reach the posterior part of the lateroventral margin of head capsule, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, and (E) V. pergandei (CASENT0923124)—J-shaped hairs present, many long J-shaped hairs arranged in a distinct row around the outer margin of the ventral region of the head capsule. Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318842/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEEFFC47F95F8F95EF3F850" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEEFFC47F95F8F95EF3F850" blockId="11.[151,1437,1189,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47F95F8F95D08F823" bold="true" box="[199,374,1909,1935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEEFFC47ED6F8F95D95F823" box="[388,491,1909,1935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEEFFC47EA9F8FA5E77F823" box="[507,521,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 34). HL 1.77 (1.40–1.82); HW 1.70 (1.26–1.81); MOD 0.33 (0.26–0.36); OMD 0.44 (0.28–0.49); SL 1.44 (1.09–1.60); PNW 1.09 (0.84–1.13); HFL 1.89 (1.53–2.29); ML 2.03 (1.82–2.50); PW 0.34 (0.27–0.39); PPW 0.51 (0.40–0.60). Indices: SI 84.71 (79.56–104.69); CI 96.05 (87.07–100.57); OI 19.41 (17.13–23.02); HFI 111.18 (107.75–152.34).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFE9FFC37F95FF1A5DC6FD5D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFE9FFC37F95FF1A5DC6FD5D" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37F95FF1A5DEDFF1C" bold="true" box="[199,403,150,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Queen diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by the following combination of features: (1) usually dark reddishbrown to dark brown with gaster usually darker; some populations in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37B5FFF375801FF79" box="[1037,1151,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37BE4FF37591CFF79" box="[1206,1378,187,213]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
light yellowish-orange to ferruginous orange to rust colored; some populations in the Central Valley of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37BABFF535915FF55" box="[1273,1387,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Monterey area blackish to black, (2) medial lobe of clypeus with 2–3 coarse, lateral longitudinal rugae, medial lobe not thick and protuberant in profile, not elevated above lateral lobes in frontal view, (3) mandibles with 8 teeth, (4) entire circumference of base of scape with a strongly developed and flattened, flared and trumpet-like flange; maximum basal width of scape slightly greater than maximum preapical width, (5) MOD slightly less than to slightly greater than OMD, (6) cephalic dorsum with coarse, wavy to irregular, longitudinal rugae; medial rugae not diverging to weakly diverging toward posterior corners; cephalic interrugae weakly to moderately punctulate, weakly shining, (7) psammophore poorly developed, (8) sides of pronotum with irregular longitudinal rugae that often have short lateral branches; mesoscutum with fine, longitudinal rugae, moderately shining; mesoscutellum with longitudinal, oblique, or transverse rugae; anepisternum with longitudinal rugae, katepisternum with longitudinal rugae except for smooth and shining anteroventral margin; interrugae weakly to moderately coriarious, moderately shining, (9) sides of propodeum with longitudinal and oblique rugae; propodeal spines elongate-triangular, length about 1.0× the distance between their bases; infraspinal facet with transverse rugae, propodeal declivity smooth and shining, and (10) metasternal process large, higher than long, apex very broadly rounded to nearly flat, partly translucent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFE9FFC37E73FD5B5DD5FD5D" box="[289,427,727,753]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="22.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[426,1158,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[425,1161,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@22.[426,1160,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@23.[425,1162,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="23" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Photograph of Veromessor andrei alate queen (orange form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923142). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Veromessor andrei alate queen (black form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923141). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318844" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318846" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318844/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318846/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figures 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFE9FFC37F95FD775E6BFCF1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFE9FFC37F95FD775E6BFCF1" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37F95FD775D08FCB9" bold="true" box="[199,374,763,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37EC3FD775DE1FCB8" box="[401,415,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 12). HL 1.71–1.89; HW 1.73–1.89; MOD 0.39–0.47; OMD 0.37–0.45; SL 1.41–1.58; HFL 2.03–2.24; ML 2.99–3.38; PW 0.45–0.55; PPW 0.76–0.88. Indices: SI 76.63–88.51; CI 95.60–103.287; OI 22.04–24.87; HFI 115.25–124.28.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFE9FFC37F95FCEB5FCEFBD1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFE9FFC37F95FCEB5FCEFBD1" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37F95FCEB5DFEFC2C" bold="true" box="[199,384,870,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Male diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by the following combination of features: (11) dark brown to blackish, (12) medial lobe of clypeus moderately convex with several irregular, mostly longitudinal rugae, (13) mandibles with 3, rarely 4, small teeth basad of preapical tooth, (14) in frontal view, anterior ocellus above level of top of eyes, (15) mesopleura dull to moderately shining; anepisternum densely punctate, usually with fine longitudinal rugae; katepisternum densely punctate, usually with weak, widely scattered longitudinal or oblique rugae, (16) propodeum rugose to rugoreticulate, interrugae densely punctate; propodeal spines cariniform or with acuminate denticles to small teeth, (17) metasternal process as long as high, tapering to a subangulate to broadly rounded apex, and (18) anterior angle of subpetiolar process subacute to acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFE9FFC37C57FBEF5FF8FBD1" box="[773,902,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[378,1208,181,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[378,1208,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of the metasternal process on males of Veromessor: (A) V. andrei (CASENT4010823), (B) V. chamberlini (UCRC_ENT00500152), (C)V.chicoensis (CASENT0869853), (D) V.julianus (LACMENT359792),(E)V.lariversi (CASENT0761204), (F) V. lobognathus (LACMENT363986), (G) V. pergandei (CASENT0869850), (H) V. pseudolariversi (CASENT0869851), (I) V. smithi (LACMENT364071), and (J) V. stoddardi (LACMENT364102). Photographs by Robert Johnson from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318831/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figures 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFE9FFC37CC0FBEF5FDCFBD1" box="[914,930,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[420,1168,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@24.[420,1168,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. Photograph of Veromessor andrei male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923143). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318848/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFE9FFC37F95FB0B586CFB45" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFE9FFC37F95FB0B586CFB45" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37F95FB0B5D08FB0D" bold="true" box="[199,374,1159,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37EC3FB0B5DE1FB0C" box="[401,415,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 12). HL 0.87–1.15; HW 0.79–1.07; MOD 0.34–0.47; OMD 0.10–0.15; SL 0.32–0.43; HFL 1.60–2.27; ML 2.25–2.95; PW 0.30–0.46; PPW 0.53–0.80;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37C38FB275FD9FB69" box="[874,935,1195,1221]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">AOD</collectingRegion>
|
||
0.11–0.15; IOD 0.28–0.37; OOD 0.30–0.35. Indices: SI 35.42–44.81; CI 84.38–95.54; OI 39.25–47.25; HFI 197.53–233.73.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFE9FFC17F95FB7E5883FB45" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFE9FFC17F95FB7E5883FB45" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37F95FB7E5FE3FAA1" bold="true" box="[199,925,1266,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFE9FFC37D1FFB7E5EB6FAA0" box="[589,712,1266,1292]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37D8BFB7F5FEAFAA1" bold="true" box="[729,916,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37D8BFB7F5FEAFAA1" box="[729,916,1266,1293]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
South Coronado Island, no date (USNM); Coronado Island, no date &
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EBAFA9B5E26FA9D" box="[488,600,1302,1329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1915-12">Dec 1915</date>
|
||
(LACM; USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37C6EFA9B5FFFFA9D" box="[828,897,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Ensenada,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37B74FA9B58CBFA9D" box="[1062,1205,1303,1329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1931-04-01">Apr 1, 1931</date>
|
||
(USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37A64FA9B59FEFA9D" box="[1334,1408,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
E Ensenada,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E42FAB65D27FAF9" box="[272,345,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37E31FAB75D89FAF9" box="[355,503,1339,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1998-04-27">Apr 27, 1998</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37D3FFAB65ECAFAF9" box="[621,692,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="2.5">2.5 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW Mike’s Sky Ranch, 4700’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37B44FAB758CFFAF9" box="[1046,1201,1339,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1998-05-11">May 11, 1998</date>
|
||
(RAJC; UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37A2BFAB65CCBFAD5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="0.5">0.5 mi</quantity>
|
||
N El Molino, Bahía San Quintin,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D7AFAD35EC2FAD5" box="[552,700,1375,1401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1970-03-29">Mar 29, 1970</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE9FFC37C60FAD35FC7FAD5" authority="Amargo" authorityName="Amargo" box="[818,953,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Río Amargo</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=Arroyo Amargo?),
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37BF8FAD35952FAD5" box="[1194,1324,1375,1401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1961-09-01">Sep 1, 1961</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37FC5FA0F5CA0FA31" box="[151,222,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
E Tecate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E00FA0E5DE5FA31" box="[338,411,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EF6FA0F5E46FA31" box="[420,568,1411,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1998-04-27">Apr 27, 1998</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37DFFFA0F5867FA31" bold="true" box="[685,1049,1410,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFE9FFC37DFFFA0F5FF3FA30" box="[685,909,1410,1437]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37CCAFA0E586EFA31" bold="true" box="[920,1040,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37CCAFA0E586EFA31" box="[920,1040,1410,1437]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37B72FA0F58CCFA31" box="[1056,1202,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Alameda Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Livermore,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37A16FA0F5CB1FA6D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1937-03-14">Mar 14, 1937</date>
|
||
(LACM; USNM); Hayward,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D73FA2B5ED8FA6D" box="[545,678,1447,1473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1910-10-02">Oct 2, 1910</date>
|
||
(USNM); Berkeley,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37CC1FA2B585BFA6D" box="[915,1061,1447,1473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1917-06-18">Jun 18, 1917</date>
|
||
(LACM); Mills College, no date (LACM); Niles Canyon,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EFDFA475E3AFA49" box="[431,580,1482,1509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1922-04-15">Apr 15, 1922</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37DEEFA475F40FA49" box="[700,830,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Amador Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37C06FA475FF3FA49" box="[852,909,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Plymouth,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37B0FFA4758D8FA49" box="[1117,1190,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37BE0FA475934FA49" box="[1202,1354,1483,1509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1994-03-20">Mar 20, 1994</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37A3EFA475C87F9A5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1994-08-11">Aug 11, 1994</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E23FA635DDBF9A5" box="[369,421,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
SSE Ione,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37D77FA635E11F9A5" box="[549,623,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D2EFA635F7EF9A5" box="[636,768,1519,1545]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1988-06-04">Jun 4, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37C25FA635FA5F9A5" box="[887,987,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Butte Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Bidwell Park,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37BC1FA635957F9A5" box="[1171,1321,1518,1545]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1975-04-26">Apr 26, 1975</date>
|
||
(LACM); Neal Rd at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E45F99F5D21F981" box="[279,351,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8169984" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="6.1">6.1 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE Jct Hwy 99, 1000’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D22F99F5F7EF981" box="[624,768,1555,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1979-06-23">Jun 23, 1979</date>
|
||
(LACM); Pentz,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37C95F99F5847F981" box="[967,1081,1555,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1993-05">May 1993</date>
|
||
(UCDC); North Table Mtn at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37ADCF99F5CC5F9FD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
|
||
N Oroville,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E1FF9BB5DE9F9FD" box="[333,407,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EF1F9BB5E45F9FD" box="[419,571,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1982-04-18">Apr 18, 1982</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D33F9BB5E82F9FD" box="[609,764,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1993-03-28">Mar 28, 1993</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37C27F9BB5F8AF9FD" box="[885,1012,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colusa Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Wilbur Springs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37B92F9BA5974F9FD" box="[1216,1290,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="510.0">510 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37A45F9BB59E2F9FD" box="[1303,1436,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1989-06-07">Jun 7, 1989</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Fout Springs,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EF3F9D75E51F9D9" box="[417,559,1626,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1995-06-27">Jun 27, 1995</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37DF1F9D75EA4F9D9" box="[675,730,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
W Fouts Springs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37CF4F9D75F90F9D9" box="[934,1006,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37CAAF9D758EDF9D9" box="[1016,1171,1627,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1983-05-14">May 14, 1983</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37A54F9D75CC1F935" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Contra Costa Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Russell Reservation,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EEFF9F35E27F935" box="[445,601,1663,1689]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1970-08-29">Aug 29, 1970</date>
|
||
(LACM); Mt Diablo State Park,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37C86F9F35860F935" box="[980,1054,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37B79F9F358B8F935" box="[1067,1222,1663,1689]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1982-03-14">Mar 14, 1982</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Moraga,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37FC5F92F5D58F911" box="[151,294,1698,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1936-01-25">Jan 25, 1936</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37C2EF92F5FBBF911" box="[892,965,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37C9DF92F581AF911" box="[975,1124,1699,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-04-10">Apr 10, 1999</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37B8BF92F5907F911" box="[1241,1401,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">El Dorado Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37ADCF92F5CC5F94D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Somerset,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37ED7F94A5DB0F94D" box="[389,462,1734,1761]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37E8AF94B5E0EF94D" box="[472,624,1735,1761]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1987-08-16">Aug 16, 1987</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Shingle Springs,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37CF6F94B5850F94D" box="[932,1070,1735,1761]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1980-11-01">Nov 1, 1980</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37BF0F94B5966F94D" box="[1186,1304,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fresno Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37A7EF94B5913F94D" box="[1324,1389,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9312128" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="12.0">12 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW Coalinga,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37E5BF9675DDFF8A9" box="[265,417,1770,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1959-11-12">Nov 12, 1959</date>
|
||
(LACM); Fresno,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37D3DF9675E87F8A9" box="[623,761,1771,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1991-08-01">Aug 1, 1991</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Joaquin Ridge at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37B7FF967581BF8A9" box="[1069,1125,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
E Wright Mtn,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37A43F9675919F8A9" box="[1297,1383,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37A23F9675C83F885" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-04-17">Apr 17, 1999</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E28F8835DC9F885" box="[378,439,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Marshall Station,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37D96F8825F6FF885" box="[708,785,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37C72F8835FC8F885" box="[800,950,1807,1833]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-05-08">May 8, 1999</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37B61F88358B0F885" box="[1075,1230,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Humboldt Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Bair’s Ranch at Redwood Creek, no date (USNM); Etters Cabin, King Ranch Conservancy Area,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37B12F8BF5803F8E1" box="[1088,1149,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37BD9F8BF5952F8E1" box="[1163,1324,1843,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1987-05-24">May 24, 1987</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37FC5F8DB5C86F8DD" box="[151,248,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kern Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Rancheria Creek on Piute Mtn Rd (T29S, R33E, Section 23), 4350’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37B45F8DB58D6F8DD" box="[1047,1192,1879,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1971-06-13">Jun 13, 1971</date>
|
||
(LACM); Tehachapi, 3950’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37FB7F8F75D06F839" box="[229,376,1915,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2018-04-30">Apr 30, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37EB6F8F75E33F839" box="[484,589,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kings Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE9FFC37D30F8F75ECDF839" box="[610,691,1915,1941]" country="United States of America" name="Kansas" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kansas</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ave (= Ave 232) at 14.0 mi W Hwy 99, 180’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37BE7F8F75946F839" box="[1205,1336,1915,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2018-10-02">Oct 2, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37FC5F8135C83F815" box="[151,253,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lake Co.</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37E5EF8135D2DF815" box="[268,339,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
|
||
ENE Lower Lake,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37D7CF8135E06F815" box="[558,632,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="290.0">290 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37DD6F8135F6AF815" box="[644,788,1950,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1995-06-18">Jun 18, 1995</date>
|
||
(UCDC); McLaughlin Reserve,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37BD7F81358B3F815" box="[1157,1229,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
ESE Lower Lake,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE9FFC37FC5F84F5D64F871" box="[151,282,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="210.0">210–700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37E75F84F5DC5F871" box="[295,443,1987,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2010-10-29">Oct 29, 2010</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37EB2F84F5E09F871" box="[480,631,1986,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2015-04-25">Apr 25, 2015</date>
|
||
(MLBC); no loc,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE9FFC37C14F84F5FA0F871" box="[838,990,1987,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1972-04-18">Apr 18, 1972</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE9FFC37B04F84F5971F871" box="[1110,1295,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Los Angeles Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Claremont,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FC5FF1B5D5FFF1D" box="[151,289,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1895-08-09">Aug 9, 1895</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E11FF1B5DA4FF1D" box="[323,474,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1945-11-16">Nov 16, 1945</date>
|
||
& no date (USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D97FF1B5E89FF1D" box="[709,759,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Claremont,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CC8FF1B584CFF1D" box="[922,1074,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1969-11-28">Nov 28, 1969</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27BFBFF1B5934FF1D" authority="Catalina" authorityName="Catalina" box="[1193,1354,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Catalina</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island, no date (LACM; USNM); Avalon, no date (USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27DB8FF375F5DFF79" box="[746,803,187,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Catalina Airport, Catalina Island,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27BA1FF375942FF79" box="[1267,1340,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="410.0">410 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A15FF375CB1FF55" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2002-04-15">Apr 15, 2002</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Los Angeles,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E8EFF535E08FF55" box="[476,630,222,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1886-09-15">Sept 15, 1886</date>
|
||
& no date (USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27C30FF525FEAFF55" box="[866,916,222,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Palmdale,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B74FF5358CBFF55" box="[1062,1205,223,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1931-06-22">Jun 22, 1931</date>
|
||
(USNM); Pasadena,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FC5FE8F5D5FFEB1" box="[151,289,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1919-03-01">Mar 1, 1919</date>
|
||
(USNM); Culver City, no date, 1937 (USNM); Tejon Pass,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C90FE8F5822FEB1" box="[962,1116,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1917-08-19">Aug 19, 1917</date>
|
||
(LACM); San Gabriel Mtns at Vasquez Rocks,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E37FEAB5D92FEED" box="[357,492,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-07-17">Jul 17, 1984</date>
|
||
(LACM); Westwood Hills,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C4DFEAB5FC7FEED" box="[799,953,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1936-05-12">May 12, 1936</date>
|
||
(LACM); Pomona,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BC5FEAB5952FEED" box="[1175,1324,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-03-23">Mar 23, 1927</date>
|
||
(LACM); Mt Baldy Rd, 3850’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27ED3FEC75E69FEC9" box="[385,535,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-08-14">Aug 14, 2004</date>
|
||
(UCDC); I-14 at Red Rover Mine Rd, 3040’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B40FEC758DBFEC9" box="[1042,1189,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2018-04-30">Apr 30, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27A5CFEC759EAFEC9" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[1294,1428,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Lycocercidae" genus="Madera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Palaeodictyoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27A5CFEC759F0FEC9" box="[1294,1422,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Madera Co</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Patterson,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E5CFEE35DE9FE25" box="[270,407,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1954-04-03">Apr 3, 1954</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27D42FEE35EF9FE25" box="[528,647,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Marin Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: San Rafael,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C71FEE35FCEFE25" box="[803,944,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1922-07-16">Jul 16, 1922</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C85FEE35814FE25" box="[983,1130,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1932-06-26">Jun 26, 1932</date>
|
||
(LACM; USNM); Laguna Lakes,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FBBFE1F5D12FE01" box="[233,364,402,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1929-01-05">Jan 5, 1929</date>
|
||
(USNM); Tamalpais,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D38FE1F5F78FE01" box="[618,774,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1922-11-12">Nov 12, 1922</date>
|
||
(LACM); Copper Mines (=Copper Mine Gulch?),
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A19FE1F5CB1FE7D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1958-01-18">Jan 18, 1958</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27E15FE3B5D9DFE7D" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[327,483,439,465]" class="Aves" family="Liliaceae" genus="Mariposa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Liliales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27E15FE3B5DA2FE7D" box="[327,476,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mariposa Co</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27EA3FE3B5E47FE7D" box="[497,569,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5749504" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="1.6">1.6 mi</quantity>
|
||
W Mt Bulliam, 2000’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C6CFE3B5FB2FE7D" box="[830,972,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1970-05-06">May 6, 1970</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B17FE3B5800FE7D" box="[1093,1150,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
SSE Coulterville,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A1DFE3A59E9FE7D" box="[1359,1431,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FC5FE575D4EFE59" box="[151,304,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-03-25">Mar 25, 2000</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27EF4FE575E2AFE59" box="[422,596,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mendocino Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Hopland Field Station,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27C38FE575FCDFE59" box="[874,947,475,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CECFE575800FE59" box="[958,1150,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1977-04-29" valueMax="1977-04-30" valueMin="1977-04-29">Apr 29–30, 1977</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BF1FE575953FE59" box="[1187,1325,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1982-07-25">Jul 25, 1982</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27FC5FE735D6AFDB5" box="[151,276,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Merced Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Snelling,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EC4FE735E56FDB5" box="[406,552,510,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1951-06-18">Jun 18, 1951</date>
|
||
(LACM); Great Valley Grassland State Park,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B62FE7358C5FDB5" box="[1072,1211,510,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-07-25">Jul 25, 1995</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27A60FE735CC6FD91" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Monterey Co</emphasis>
|
||
: Hastings Reservation,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EECFDAF5E48FD91" box="[446,566,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1944-07-02">Jul 2, 1944</date>
|
||
(USNM); South Hastings Natural History Reservation,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BC9FDAF5952FD91" box="[1179,1324,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1941-04-21">Apr 21, 1941</date>
|
||
(USNM); Hastings Natural History Reservation,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D04FDCB5E8FFDCD" box="[598,753,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1941-04-21">Apr 21, 1941</date>
|
||
(USNM); Monterey,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CBCFDCB58EFFDCD" box="[1006,1169,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1943-05-31">May 31, 1943</date>
|
||
(USNM); Monterey at School Hill,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E7BFDE75DC5FD29" box="[297,443,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1943-05-01">May 1, 1943</date>
|
||
(USNM); Monterey at Lane-Long Field,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CCBFDE75855FD29" box="[921,1067,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1943-06-01">June 1, 1943</date>
|
||
(USNM); Monterey at Forsman Road,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27F8CFD035D0EFD05" box="[222,368,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1943-04-29">Apr 29, 1943</date>
|
||
(USNM); Monterey at King City Road,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C62FD035FBDFD05" box="[816,963,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1943-04-27">Apr 27, 1943</date>
|
||
(USNM); Salinas,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BC5FD035950FD05" box="[1175,1326,654,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-08-15">Aug 15, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Mission San Antonio de Padua,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27EACFD3F5E39FD61" box="[510,583,691,717]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="340.0">340 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D01FD3F5EAAFD61" box="[595,724,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1998-06-06">Jun 6, 1998</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27C18FD3F5FCBFD61" box="[842,949,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Napa Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Twin Peaks at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B35FD3F58DEFD61" box="[1127,1184,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
W Aetna Springs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A20FD3F5CD1FD5D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="660.0">660 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FE8FD5B5D28FD5D" box="[186,342,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-05-28">May 28, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E99FD5A5E7AFD5D" box="[459,516,726,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
ENE Rutherford,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D9DFD5B5F66FD5D" box="[719,792,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C73FD5B5FCBFD5D" box="[801,949,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-04-23">Apr 23, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B78FD5A5823FD5D" box="[1066,1117,726,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Pope Valley,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A5BFD5B59E2FD5D" box="[1289,1436,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1973-04-28">Apr 28, 1973</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E5AFD765D3CFCB9" box="[264,322,762,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
NNE Calistoga, Oat Mine Hill Trail,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27DA1FD765F08FCB9" box="[755,886,762,789]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.45" metricValueMin="5.55" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="600.0" valueMax="645.0" valueMin="555.0">555–645 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CD1FD77585EFCB9" box="[899,1056,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2010-11-26">Nov 26, 2010</date>
|
||
(MLBC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27BC8FD775967FCB9" box="[1178,1305,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE8FFC27BC8FD77588EFCB9" box="[1178,1264,763,789]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
Co
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A62FD775914FCB9" box="[1328,1386,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Grass Valley,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E62FC935D07FC95" box="[304,377,799,825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27ED6FC935E5EFC95" box="[388,544,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1998-05-30">May 30, 1998</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27DC7FC935F6CFC95" box="[661,786,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Orange Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Modjeska Canyon,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B53FC9358FCFC95" box="[1025,1154,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1968-06-02">Jun 2, 1968</date>
|
||
(LACM); Laguna Ranch (= Laguna Beach?), no date (LACM);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27D06FCCF5F52FCF1" authority="Ana Canyon" authorityName="Ana Canyon" box="[596,812,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Ana Canyon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C6BFCCF5FA4FCF1" box="[825,986,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1934-05-13">May 13, 1934</date>
|
||
(LACM); Pleasants Peak in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27A7AFCCF5D67FC2D" authority="Ana Mtns, 1140" authorityName="Ana Mtns" authorityYear="1140" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
Santa Ana Mtns,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27FB0FCEB5D67FC2D" box="[226,281,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
m,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E1AFCEB5D9CFC2D" box="[328,482,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2002-04-16">Apr 16, 2002</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Limestone Canyon at El Toro Rd,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27CBDFCEB5844FC2D" box="[1007,1082,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8968192" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="1.8">1.8 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Cooks Corner,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A5CFCEB59E2FC2D" box="[1294,1436,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-07-11">Jul 11, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E54FC075D40FC09" box="[262,318,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
N Lake Wildwood,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D4DFC075E19FC09" box="[543,615,907,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D20FC075F73FC09" box="[626,781,907,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2013-05-31">May 31, 2013</date>
|
||
(MMPC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27CDAFC075F84FC09" box="[904,1018,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Placer Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Roseville near PFE & Walerga Rds, 110’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27F85FC235D1EFC65" box="[215,352,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-07-21">Jul 21, 1992</date>
|
||
(RAJC); Roseville at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D0AFC225EDEFC65" box="[600,672,942,969]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="0.5">0.5 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Jct I-80 & Douglas Blvd, 180’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B70FC2358D5FC65" box="[1058,1195,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-07-21">Jul 21, 1992</date>
|
||
(RAJC); Roseville at Jct I-80 & Douglas Blvd, 170’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D5BFC5F5EE6FC41" box="[521,664,979,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-07-21">Jul 21, 1992</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27C58FC5F5FE0FC41" box="[778,926,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Riverside Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: San Jacinto, Aug, no year & Nov, no year (LACM); Nightingale, 4000’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EBDFC7B5E08FBBD" box="[495,630,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1969-09-02">Sep 2, 1969</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DC9FC7B5F4CFBBD" box="[667,818,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1971-04-18">Apr 18, 1971</date>
|
||
(NHMW; RAJC); Reche Canyon at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B84FC7A5974FBBD" box="[1238,1290,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Riverside, 1500’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FBAFB975D12FB99" box="[232,364,1051,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1966-06-01">Jun 1, 1966</date>
|
||
(LACM); Joshua Tree National Monument at Queen Valley, 5000’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B26FB9758AAFB99" box="[1140,1236,1051,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1969-07">Jul 1969</date>
|
||
(LACM); Joshua Tree National Monument at Lower Covington Flat, no date (LACM); Beaumont,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B6EFBB358B0FBF5" box="[1084,1230,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1956-01-29">Jan 29, 1956</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A19FBB359FEFBF5" box="[1355,1408,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Temecula,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E43FBEF5DE4FBD1" box="[273,410,1122,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1956-07-19">Jul 19, 1956</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D41FBEE5E10FBD1" box="[531,622,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="15.5">15.5 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Temecula,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27C48FBEF5F1DFBD1" box="[794,867,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="470.0">470 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C3CFBEF5F82FBD1" box="[878,1020,1123,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2016-05-02">May 2, 2016</date>
|
||
(MMPC); Lake Skinner,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A4BFBEF591CFBD1" box="[1305,1378,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="462.0">462 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A3FFBEF5C86FB0D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-03-29">Mar 29, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27E38FB0B5E68FB0D" box="[362,534,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sacramento Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Sacramento,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DE8FB0B5F66FB0D" box="[698,792,1159,1185]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1931-07">Jul 1931</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C6BFB0B5FBBFB0D" box="[825,965,1159,1185]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1938-06-17">Jun 17, 1938</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CB4FB0B580DFB0D" box="[998,1139,1159,1185]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1941-06-18">Jun 18, 1941</date>
|
||
(LACM; UCDC; USNM); Antelope Pass,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E1BFB275D94FB69" box="[329,490,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1932-05-19">May 19, 1932</date>
|
||
(LACM); Orangevale,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DABFB275FE4FB69" box="[761,922,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1930-05-24">May 24, 1930</date>
|
||
(LACM; UCDC); Rancho Cordova,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A16FB275CB1FB45" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-04-16">Apr 16, 1984</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Folsom,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EF8FB435E3DFB45" box="[426,579,1230,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1985-07-18">July 18, 1985</date>
|
||
(USNM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27DEFFB435F19FB45" box="[701,871,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">San Benito Co.</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27C25FB425FCEFB45" box="[887,944,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
S Panoche,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B6FFB4258F9FB45" box="[1085,1159,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="425.0">425 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BC0FB435952FB45" box="[1170,1324,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-08-17">Aug 17, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Hollister,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E54FB7F5DDCFAA1" box="[262,418,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1947-05-30">May 30, 1947</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27D45FB7F5E8EFAA1" box="[535,752,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">San Bernardino Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Bighorn Mtns at Rattlesnake Canyon, 3720’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A52FB7F59E2FAA1" box="[1280,1436,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2008-05-24">May 24, 2008</date>
|
||
(RAJC); Rialto at Jct Riverside & Sierra Ave, 1950’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DA9FA9B5FE4FA9D" box="[763,922,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2018-05-11">May 11, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27B58FA9B58D5FA9D" box="[1034,1195,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">San Diego Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Green Valley Falls,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27FC5FAB75C93FAF9" box="[151,237,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FA4FAB75D07FAF9" box="[246,377,1339,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1993-04-04">Apr 4, 1993</date>
|
||
(CASC);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27EBAFAB75EB9FAF9" authority="Ysabel Valley" authorityName="Ysabel Valley" box="[488,711,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Ysabel Valley</taxonomicName>
|
||
, no date (USNM);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27CC5FAB7582BFAF9" authority="Ysabel, Jul" authorityName="Ysabel, Jul" box="[919,1109,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Ysabel, Jul</taxonomicName>
|
||
21, 1895 (USNM); Carlsbad, no date (USNM); Ramona, no date, 1928 (USNM); Descanso, no date (USNM); East Lake,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BC3FAD35955FAD5" box="[1169,1323,1374,1401]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1888-05-25">May 25, 1888</date>
|
||
(USNM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27FC5FA0F5CB4FA31" box="[151,202,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Jct La Posta Rd & I-8, 3500’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D61FA0F5EC2FA31" box="[563,700,1410,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-07-15">Jul 15, 2000</date>
|
||
(RAJC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27C7AFA0F5F24FA31" box="[808,858,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
|
||
SE Boulder Oaks, 3300’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B2CFA0F5973FA31" box="[1150,1293,1411,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1993-06-30">Jun 30, 1993</date>
|
||
(RAJC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A2BFA0F5CCBFA6D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="0.2">0.2 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Cameron Fire Station, 3300’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D79FA2B5EC2FA6D" box="[555,700,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-06-28">Jun 28, 1992</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DB0FA2B5FFEFA6D" box="[738,896,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2018-05-13">May 13, 2018</date>
|
||
(CIDA; RAJC); I-8 at Buck Springs Rest Stop, 3270’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FB4FA475D10FA49" box="[230,366,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-07-17">Jul 17, 1992</date>
|
||
(RAJC); San Isidro, 200’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DC8FA475F6AFA49" box="[666,788,1482,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1952-07-09">Jul 9, 1952</date>
|
||
(LACM); Encinitas,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B50FA4758F4FA49" box="[1026,1162,1482,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1956-07-19">Jul 19, 1956</date>
|
||
(LACM; UAIC); Indian Flats, 3800’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E62FA635DB2F9A5" box="[304,460,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1969-04-12">Apr 12, 1969</date>
|
||
(LACM); Escondido,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D86FA635F1BF9A5" box="[724,869,1518,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1956-07-14">Jul 14, 1956</date>
|
||
(LACM); Point Lorma (=Point Loma?), no date (LACM); Carmel Mountain,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E89F99F5E5CF981" box="[475,546,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="124.0">124 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D7FF99F5EC8F981" box="[557,694,1554,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1993-11-05">Nov 5, 1993</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Chula Vista (CV2),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B54F99F5830F981" box="[1030,1102,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B0BF99F589EF981" box="[1113,1248,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-03-09">Mar 9, 1996</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A50F99F59E2F981" box="[1282,1436,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-05-26">May 26, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Chula Vista (Home Depot),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D6DF9BB5E04F9FD" box="[575,634,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DD4F9BB5F69F9FD" box="[646,791,1590,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-10-27">Oct 27, 1995</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C68F9BB5FB2F9FD" box="[826,972,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-02-22">Feb 22, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC); E end Chula Vista,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A4BF9BB591CF9FD" box="[1305,1378,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A3CF9BB5C8EF9D9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-03-08">Mar 8, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Chula Vista (Paseo del Rey),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27D9DF9D75F63F9D9" box="[719,797,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="178.0">178 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C7FF9D75FB6F9D9" box="[813,968,1626,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-10-23">Oct 23, 1995</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CA7F9D758EBF9D9" box="[1013,1173,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-03-26">Mar 26, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Chula Vista (Terranova),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E7BF9F35D1BF935" box="[297,357,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="78.0">78 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E23F9F35E7DF935" box="[369,515,1662,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-10-27">Oct 27, 1995</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D75F9F35ED4F935" box="[551,682,1662,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-06-05">Jun 5, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Los Peñasquitos Creek,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B63F9F25812F935" box="[1073,1132,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B2AF9F35953F935" box="[1144,1325,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2002-07-24" valueMax="2002-07-29" valueMin="2002-07-24">Jul 24–29, 2002</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Carney Canyon,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E01F92E5DE5F911" box="[339,411,1698,1725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="455.0">455 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EF4F92F5E4AF911" box="[422,564,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-09">May 9, 2004</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Julian,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DABF92F5FF9F911" box="[761,903,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1962-06-19">Jun 19, 1962</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27CF8F92F585AF911" box="[938,1060,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1962-07-04">Jul 4, 1962</date>
|
||
(UCDC); La Jolla,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A52F92F5939F911" box="[1280,1351,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="113.0">113 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A00F92F5CB1F94D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1963-07-18">Jul 18, 1963</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FA0F94B5DF3F94D" box="[242,397,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-05-13">May 13, 1987</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27EFDF94B5EEEF94D" box="[431,656,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1994-06-26" valueMax="1994-08-01" valueMin="1994-06-26">Jun 26–Aug 1, 1994</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Granite Springs at Rancho Cuyamaca, 4800’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A56F94B59E2F94D" box="[1284,1436,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-11-28">Nov 28, 2003</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Kate Sessions Park,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27EA0F9675E51F8A9" box="[498,559,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="92.0">92 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D6EF9675EA8F8A9" box="[572,726,1770,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-12-16">Dec 16, 1995</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Hwy 79 at Oak Grove Fire Station, 2760’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A6FF9675CB1F885" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2018-05-12">May 12, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC); no loc, no date & Jun 10, no year (LACM; USNM); Pacific Beach, no date (LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27BB4F8835CC6F8E1" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">San Luis Opisbo Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27F9CF8BE5D7EF8E1" box="[206,256,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27E61F8BF5E65F8E1" authority="Margarita, Jun" authorityName="Margarita, Jun" box="[307,539,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Margarita, Jun</taxonomicName>
|
||
24, 1963 (LACM); Cholame,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27C22F8BF5879F8E1" box="[880,1031,1843,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1947-03-23">Mar 23, 1947</date>
|
||
(LACM); Paso Robles,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27A44F8BF59E2F8E1" box="[1302,1436,1842,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-04-05">Apr 5, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC); E of Paso Robles,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27E82F8DB5EFEF8DD" box="[464,640,1879,1905]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-07-11" valueMax="1999-07-17" valueMin="1999-07-11">Jul 11–17, 1999</date>
|
||
(UCDC); W side Soda Lake in Carrizo Plains National Monument,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27A20F8DA5CD1F839" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27FE8F8F75D2AF839" box="[186,340,1915,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-05-24">May 24, 2003</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27E9AF8F75E70F839" box="[456,526,1915,1941]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
ESE
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFE8FFC27D1EF8F75EC0F839" box="[588,702,1915,1941]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Valley, Carrizo Plain Natural Area,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B19F8F758EDF839" box="[1099,1171,1915,1941]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27BCEF8F75951F839" box="[1180,1327,1915,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1997-04-19">Apr 19, 1997</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27FC5F8135D47F815" box="[151,313,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">San Mateo Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Jasper Ridge,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27EBFF8125E49F815" box="[493,567,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27D10F8135EA9F815" box="[578,727,1951,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-04-27">Apr 27, 2003</date>
|
||
(UCDC); San Bruno Mtn,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27B58F813582AF815" box="[1034,1108,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27B0DF8135898F815" box="[1119,1254,1950,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1997-04-05">Apr 5, 1997</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27A0EF8135D5CF871" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Santa Barbara Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: N end of Sedgewick Ranch,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFE8FFC27DDCF84F5EA4F871" box="[654,730,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="610.0">610 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFE8FFC27DB8F84F5F05F871" box="[746,891,1987,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1996-03-02">Mar 2, 1996</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFE8FFC27CAAF84F58C8F871" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[1016,1206,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clara">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFE8FFC27CAAF84F58D1F871" box="[1016,1199,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Santa Clara Co</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Palo Alto, no date (LACM; USNM); Stanford University,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D09FF1B5E8CFF1D" box="[603,754,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1906-09-26">Sep 26, 1906</date>
|
||
(LACM); Mt Hamilton,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B40FF1B58CDFF1D" box="[1042,1203,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1914-05-13">May 13, 1914</date>
|
||
(LACM); Blue Oak Ranch Reserve,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E1EFF375DEBFF79" box="[332,405,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="720.0">720 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17EF2FF375E49FF79" box="[416,567,187,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2009-11-21">Nov 21, 2009</date>
|
||
(UCDC); no loc, no date (LACM).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17C94FF37580EFF79" authority="Cruz Co." authorityName="Cruz Co." box="[966,1136,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C94FF37580EFF79" box="[966,1136,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Santa Cruz Co.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17B2CFF37594AFF79" authority="Cruz, Aug" authorityName="Cruz, Aug" box="[1150,1332,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Santa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santa Cruz, Aug</taxonomicName>
|
||
16, 1968 (UCDC); Castle Rock State Park,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D5FFF535E2BFF55" box="[525,597,223,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="880.0">880 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D0FFF535E90FF55" box="[605,750,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-04-18">Apr 18, 2010</date>
|
||
(MLBC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C30FF535FA4FF55" box="[866,986,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Shasta Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Enterprise,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B34FF5258D3FF55" box="[1126,1197,222,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="175.0">175 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BE5FF535951FF55" box="[1207,1327,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2001-07-08">Jul 8, 2001</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5FE8F5D72FEB1" box="[151,268,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Solano Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Cold Canyon,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E93FE8F5E77FEB1" box="[449,521,259,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
, no date &
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DD7FE8F5F62FEB1" box="[645,796,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1981-08-16">Aug 16, 1981</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C6EFE8F587DFEB1" box="[828,1027,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1983-04-06" valueMax="1983-07-09" valueMin="1983-04-06">Apr 6–Jul 9, 1983</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B71FE8F589BFEB1" box="[1059,1253,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-08-19" valueMax="1984-08-21" valueMin="1984-08-19">Aug 19–21, 1984</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A54FE8F59E2FEB1" box="[1286,1436,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1986-03-27">Mar 27, 1986</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Cold Canyon at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E90FEAB5E75FEED" box="[450,523,295,321]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
NNW Vacaville,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D86FEAB5F61FEED" box="[724,799,295,321]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C7EFEAB5FD4FEED" box="[812,938,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1983-07-09">Jul 9, 1983</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C82FEAB58BFFEED" box="[976,1217,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1987-09-30" valueMax="1987-10-21" valueMin="1987-09-30">Sep 30–Oct 21, 1987</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BB5FEAB5CB1FEC9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-10-21" valueMax="1997-11-11" valueMin="1997-10-21">Oct 21–Nov 11, 1997</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FA0FEC75DADFEC9" box="[242,467,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1988-06-29" valueMax="1988-07-20" valueMin="1988-06-29">Jun 29–Jul 20, 1988</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17EA4FEC75EECFEC9" box="[502,658,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1989-05-31">May 31, 1989</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DE7FEC75F36FEC9" box="[693,840,330,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1991-09-25">Sep 25, 1991</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C39FEC75F83FEC9" box="[875,1021,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-09-18">Sep 18, 2010</date>
|
||
(MLBC; UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B83FEC7597AFEC9" box="[1233,1284,331,357]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4484096" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="9.0">9 mi</quantity>
|
||
W Winters at GL Stebbins Cold Canyon Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D64FEE35EA8FE25" box="[566,726,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1992-05-30">May 30, 1992</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C1DFEE35FE9FE25" box="[847,919,367,393]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
W Winters,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B7AFEE3580DFE25" box="[1064,1139,367,393]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BD2FEE3597BFE25" box="[1152,1285,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2013-06-01">Jun 1, 2013</date>
|
||
(MMPC); nr Dozier at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E56FE1F5D3DFE01" box="[260,323,403,429]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Dixon,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17EE0FE1F5E41FE01" box="[434,575,403,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1973-05-04">May 4, 1973</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D32FE1F5F71FE01" box="[608,783,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1975-04-04" valueMax="1975-04-13" valueMin="1975-04-04">Apr 4–13, 1975</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C60FE1F5FBCFE01" box="[818,962,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1975-09-11">Sep 11, 1975</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17CB1FE1F58ECFE01" box="[995,1170,403,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1977-04-08" valueMax="1977-04-29" valueMin="1977-04-08">Apr 8–29, 1977</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BE7FE1F592EFE01" box="[1205,1360,403,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1977-05-20">May 20, 1977</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A22FE1F5D5CFE7D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1979-04-11" valueMax="1979-04-27" valueMin="1979-04-11">Apr 11–27, 1979</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17E17FE3B5DB3FE7D" box="[325,461,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1983-04-08">Apr 8, 1983</date>
|
||
(UCDC); WL Jepson Prairie Preserve TNC at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C8EFE3B5860FE7D" box="[988,1054,439,465]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0921472" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="13.0">13 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Dixon,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BDCFE3B595DFE7D" box="[1166,1315,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1971-04-19">Apr 19, 1971</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A14FE3B5CB1FE59" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1985-04-19">Apr 19, 1985</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Jepson Prairie at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D41FE575E22FE59" box="[531,604,475,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
S Dixon,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D84FE575F6DFE59" box="[726,787,475,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C70FE575FC4FE59" box="[802,954,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1983-02-13">Feb 13, 1983</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17CB1FE575809FE59" box="[995,1143,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-01-29">Jan 29, 1984</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BCDFE575954FE59" box="[1183,1322,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1993-04-04">Apr 4, 1993</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Fairfield,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17E57FE735DEBFDB5" box="[261,405,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1962-10-19">Oct 19, 1962</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Pleasants Ridge,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D9AFE725F6EFDB5" box="[712,784,510,537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="530.0">530 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C49FE735FD5FDB5" box="[795,939,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1982-10-24">Oct 24, 1982</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Gates Canyon road at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17A44FE735930FDB5" box="[1302,1358,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Vacaville,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E5CFDAF5D26FD91" box="[270,344,547,573]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="480.0">480 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17E37FDAF5D80FD91" box="[357,510,547,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2014-03-22">Mar 22, 2014</date>
|
||
(MLBC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17D25FDAF5F6DFD91" box="[631,787,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stanislaus Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C7BFDAF5F15FD91" box="[809,875,547,573]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW Turlock,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B58FDAF58D6FD91" box="[1034,1192,546,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1952-05-12">May 12, 1952</date>
|
||
(LACM); Del Puerto Canyon at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E44FDCB5D21FDCD" box="[278,351,583,609]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
WSW Patterson,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D7CFDCB5E04FDCD" box="[558,634,583,609]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DDAFDCB5F65FDCD" box="[648,795,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-05-09">May 9, 1997</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17CC4FDCB5F9EFDCD" box="[918,992,583,609]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
WSW Patterson,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17BFDFDCB5885FDCD" box="[1199,1275,583,609]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="310.0">310 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A5BFDCB59E2FDCD" box="[1289,1436,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2013-05-04">May 4, 2013</date>
|
||
(MMPC); Del Puerto Canyon,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17EA6FDE75E40FD29" box="[500,574,619,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D19FDE75E96FD29" box="[587,744,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1971-05-29">May 29, 1971</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C5CFDE75FE0FD29" box="[782,926,618,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2005-05-07">May 7, 2005</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17B46FDE758FEFD29" box="[1044,1152,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sutter Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17BC4FDE758AEFD29" box="[1174,1232,619,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
NNW Sutter,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17A20FDE75CD1FD05" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FECFD035D1EFD05" box="[190,352,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1988-05-14">May 14, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E8FFD035E67FD05" box="[477,537,655,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
W North Butte, Sutter Buttes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17CD6FD035FA0FD05" box="[900,990,655,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17CBFFD0358EEFD05" box="[1005,1168,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2007-05-28">May 28, 2007</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17A59FD0359F0FD05" box="[1291,1422,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tehama Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Proberta,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17E57FD3F5DF1FD61" box="[261,399,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1962-07-11">Jul 11, 1962</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D58FD3F5E3AFD61" box="[522,580,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
E Paynes Creek,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C5FFD3F5F1AFD61" box="[781,868,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1360.0">1360 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C23FD3F5871FD61" box="[881,1039,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1981-05-24">May 24, 1981</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17BD4FD3F5887FD61" box="[1158,1273,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trinity Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Weaverville,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FC5FD5B5D4AFD5D" box="[151,308,726,753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1937-08-15">Aug 15, 1937</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17EFDFD5B5E5FFD5D" box="[431,545,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tulare Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Sequoia National Park,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C15FD5B5FADFD5D" box="[839,979,727,753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1931-07-17">Jul 17, 1931</date>
|
||
(LACM; USNM); Goshen,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A44FD5B59E6FD5D" box="[1302,1432,727,753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1988-07-06">Jul 6, 1988</date>
|
||
, (UCDC); Tulare,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17E0CFD775D88FCB9" box="[350,502,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1937-04-26">Apr 26, 1937</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Pixley National Wildlife Refuge at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B57FD775831FCB9" box="[1029,1103,763,789]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="0.2">0.2 mi</quantity>
|
||
W of entrance, 170’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A19FD775CB1FC95" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2018-05-01">May 1, 2018</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FA6FC935D07FC95" box="[244,377,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2018-10-02">Oct 2, 2018</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17EB5FC935E00FC95" box="[487,638,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tuolomne Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17DC6FC935EB6FC95" box="[660,712,799,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Columbia,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17C35FC935F83FC95" box="[871,1021,798,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1952-04-26">Apr 26, 1952</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B2AFC9258D2FC95" box="[1144,1196,798,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Columbia,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A14FC935CB1FCF1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1952-04-29">Apr 29, 1952</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E1BFCCF5D02FCF1" box="[329,380,835,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Chinese Camp, 1300’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DCCFCCF5F4DFCF1" box="[670,819,835,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1966-04-18">Apr 18, 1966</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17CFEFCCF5F8AFCF1" box="[940,1012,835,861]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW Jamestown,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B97FCCF5970FCF1" box="[1221,1294,835,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A48FCCF59E2FCF1" box="[1306,1436,835,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1988-06-04">Jun 4, 1988</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17E56FCEB5DFCFC2D" box="[260,386,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ventura Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Simi Hills,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17D46FCEB5E22FC2D" box="[532,604,871,897]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D34FCEB5EB2FC2D" box="[614,716,871,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2002-10">Oct 2002</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C12FCEB5FF8FC2D" box="[832,902,871,897]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Stauffer,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B6CFCEB58EAFC2D" box="[1086,1172,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1460.0">1460 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BCFFCEB5951FC2D" box="[1181,1327,871,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-04-20">Apr 20, 1997</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5FC075C8EFC09" box="[151,240,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Yolo Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Hwy 128 W of Winters,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D45FC075ECDFC09" box="[535,691,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2001-05-13">May 13, 2001</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17C7BFC075F1CFC09" box="[809,866,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Winters,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17CACFC065847FC09" box="[1022,1081,906,933]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B11FC0758A6FC09" box="[1091,1240,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-04-13">Apr 13, 1984</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BA9FC0759E2FC09" box="[1275,1436,906,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1995-05" valueMax="1995-07-31" valueMin="1995-05-00">May–Jul 1995</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E54FC235D3EFC65" box="[262,320,943,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
W Winters,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E9EFC225E79FC65" box="[460,519,942,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D43FC235ED8FC65" box="[529,678,943,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-04-13">Apr 13, 1984</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Cold Canyon Reserve at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B67FC235805FC65" box="[1077,1147,943,969]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
W Winters,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A55FC235CB1FC41" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1990-06-20" valueMax="1990-07-04" valueMin="1990-06-20">Jun 20–Jul 4, 1990</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FA0FC5F5D08FC41" box="[242,374,978,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2012-02-05">Feb 5, 2012</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17EC5FC5F5E63FC41" box="[407,541,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2012-04-08">Apr 8, 2012</date>
|
||
(MMPC; UCDC); Putah Canyon,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17CCCFC5F5848FC41" box="[926,1078,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1970-08-10">Aug 10, 1970</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Brooks,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A5BFC5F59E2FC41" box="[1289,1436,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1986-04-23">Apr 23, 1986</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E54FC7B5D32FBBD" box="[262,332,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
|
||
W Rumsey,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17E8BFC7A5E5FFBBD" box="[473,545,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="525.0">525 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D79FC7B5F5CFBBD" box="[555,802,1014,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1993-04-24" valueMax="1993-05-15" valueMin="1993-04-24">Apr 24–May 15, 1993</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Grassland Regional Park at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17B9EFC7B597BFBBD" box="[1228,1285,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
SE Davis,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17AD2FC7B5CD1FB99" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17FECFB975D1FFB99" box="[190,353,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-05-21">May 21, 1997</date>
|
||
(UCDC); Elkhorn Ferry,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DDEFB975F59FB99" box="[652,807,1050,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1952-04-16">Apr 16, 1952</date>
|
||
(UCDC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17CF6FB975F9EFB99" box="[932,992,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW Rumsey,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17BFAFB97588AFB99" box="[1192,1268,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17A53FB9759E2FB99" box="[1281,1436,1050,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2012-04-15">Apr 15, 2012</date>
|
||
(MMPC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17E5DFBB35D09FBF5" box="[271,375,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Yuba Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Sierra Foothill Range at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17DFAFBB35E92FBF5" box="[680,748,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8968192" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="18.0">18 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE Marysville,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17CFDFBB3583DFBF5" box="[943,1091,1087,1113]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1977-05-07">May 7, 1977</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B3EFBB3597EFBF5" box="[1132,1280,1087,1113]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1983-05-01">May 1, 1983</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17A2EFBB35C9CFBD0" authorityName=": Mohave Desert, Jul" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Novomessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="county">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17A2EFBB35C9CFBD0" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">No county</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: no loc, no date & no loc,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17D59FBEF5E0FFBD1" box="[523,625,1123,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1884-06">Jun 1884</date>
|
||
(LACM; USNM); Mohave Desert,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17B51FBEF581CFBD1" box="[1027,1122,1123,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1931-07">Jul 1931</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17B89FBEF5945FBD1" bold="true" box="[1243,1339,1123,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17B89FBEF594CFBD1" bold="true" box="[1243,1330,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEBFFC17B89FBEF594CFBD1" box="[1243,1330,1123,1149]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17A10FBEF5CC6FB0D" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Jackson Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Siskiyou Mtns at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17EC2FB0B5DBCFB0D" box="[400,450,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
|
||
W of Jacksonville, 1500’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17DB9FB0B5F0AFB0D" box="[747,884,1158,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1952-07-22">Jul 22, 1952</date>
|
||
(USNM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17CB9FB0A5FC8FB69" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17CB9FB0A58A7FB0D" box="[1003,1241,1158,1185]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Questionable" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="locales">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17CB9FB0A58A7FB0D" bold="true" box="[1003,1241,1158,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Questionable locales</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(appear to be or are outside of geographical range):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFEBFFC17D01FB275F49FB68" box="[595,823,1194,1221]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C14FB275FD3FB69" bold="true" box="[838,941,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEBFFC17C14FB275FD3FB69" box="[838,941,1195,1221]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Missouri</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C90FB275845FB69" box="[962,1083,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Barton Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: no loc,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFEBFFC17BE2FB275959FB69" box="[1200,1319,1195,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1920-05">May 1920</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5FB425C89FB45" bold="true" box="[151,247,1230,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5FB425C90FB45" bold="true" box="[151,238,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEBFFC17FC5FB425C90FB45" box="[151,238,1230,1257]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FADFB435D01FB45" box="[255,383,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ormsby Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: no further data (not examined, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17C48FB43582DFB45" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[794,1107,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEBFFC17B38FB43588EFB45" box="[1130,1264,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[417,1169,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@25.[417,1170,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 10. Geographic distribution of: (A) Veromessor andrei, (B) V. chamberlini, and (C) V. chicoensis. The larger black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. The northernmost locale for V. chamberlini was given only as Santa Clara County, and we have placed this locale near the center of the county." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318850/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEBFFC17F95FB7F5D41FA9D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEBFFC17F95FB7F5D41FA9D" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17F95FB7F5D30FAA1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17D36FB7F5ED2FAA1" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[612,684,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17D36FB7F5ED2FAA1" box="[612,684,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, honored Jacques Ernest Edmond André, an eminent French hymenopterist.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEBFFC07F95FAB65EA8FA9D" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEBFFC17F95FAB65897F9D9" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17F95FAB65D32FAF8" bold="true" box="[199,332,1338,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17E01FAB75E5DFAF9" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[339,547,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17E01FAB75E5DFAF9" box="[339,547,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not likely to be confused with any congener. This species is easily diagnosed by its poorly developed psammophore combined with long propodeal spines (> 3x as long as the distance between their bases), mostly monomorphic workers, and coarse, irregular rugae to rugoreticulate on the cephalic dorsum posterior to eyes and dorsum and sides of pronotum. This species is recognized in the field based on colonies that consist of tens of thousands of workers that forage in columns, usually near dusk and dawn, and it usually occurs in grasslands or similar open habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17D0AFA635F0CF9A5" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M." box="[600,882,1519,1545]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="195 - 203" refId="ref66746" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M. (2000) How resources and encounters affect the distribution of foraging activity in a seedharvesting ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47 (3), 195 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002650050011" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Gordon, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17CD2FA635842F9A5" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[896,1084,1518,1545]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17B18FA6359EEF9A5" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[1098,1424,1519,1545]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17FC5F99F5DEBF981" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,405,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chicoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5F99F5DEBF981" box="[151,405,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veromessor chicoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17E98F99F5E31F981" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[458,591,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stoddardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17E98F99F5E31F981" box="[458,591,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">V. stoddardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the only sympatric species that have a poorly developed psammophore, but both species have short propodeal spines (length less than distance between their bases), strongly polymorphic workers, and cephalic dorsum posterior to eyes and dorsum of pronotum with weak, regular rugae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEBFFC17F95F9F35926F885" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17F95F9F35E59F935" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[199,551,1663,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described two subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17C2EF9F35F9DF935" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[892,995,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C2EF9F35F9DF935" box="[892,995,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17CA4F9F35847F935" box="[1014,1081,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">flavus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17B27F9F3589DF934" box="[1141,1251,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
) from the same locality (Jacumba,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEBFFC17E38F92F5D9FF911" box="[362,481,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17EA0F92F5F26F911" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityYear="1934" box="[498,856,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17EA0F92F5EBFF911" box="[498,705,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17C47F92F5F26F911" box="[789,856,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">flavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on its lighter yellow coloration combined with morphological differences that included: (1) narrower head (especially in the posterior one-half) with a nearly flat posterior margin, (2) longer antennal scapes that slightly surpassed the posterior margin as in subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17FC5F8835D7BF884" box="[151,261,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
, (3) smaller, narrower petiolar node, and (4) more feeble sculpturing, especially on the mesosoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEBFFC17F95F8BF5F74F871" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEBFFC17F95F8BF5E5CF8E1" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[199,546,1843,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17D86F8BF587CF8E0" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityYear="1934" box="[724,1026,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="castaneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17D86F8BF5E9BF8E0" box="[724,741,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">V</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17DA7F8BF5F43F8E1" box="[757,829,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17CC6F8BF587CF8E0" box="[916,1026,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
largely based on its lighter uniform castaneous brown coloration. Other differences included: (1) less polymorphic with the largest workers only
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEBFFC17A2BF8DA5CBDF839" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (7.0 mm in typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEBFFC17D54F8F75E30F839" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[518,590,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEBFFC17D54F8F75E30F839" box="[518,590,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (2) longer antennal scapes that slightly surpassed the posterior margin, (3) tooth and lamella on anteroventral surface of petiolar peduncle reduced or lacking so that the ventral surface appears sinuate, and (4) less deeply impressed propodeal suture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FF1B58C3FE59" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07F95FF1B5DF8FF1D" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[199,390,150,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 585" refId="ref67372" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1950) The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 104, 1 - 585." type="journal article" year="1950">Creighton (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonomized
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07D76FF1B5E19FF1D" box="[548,615,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">flavus</emphasis>
|
||
under
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07DFDFF1B5F63FF1C" box="[687,797,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
without discussion, except to say that
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07BE8FF1B5883FF1D" box="[1210,1277,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">flavus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07A7CFF1B59E2FF1C" box="[1326,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
cannot both be considered valid subspecies as both occur in the same area of southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07B0EFF3758AFFF79" box="[1116,1233,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07B89FF3759E2FF79" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[1243,1436,186,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonomized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07E61FF535D91FF54" authorityName="Wheeler and Creighton" authorityYear="1934" box="[307,495,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="castaneus">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07ED3FF535D91FF54" box="[385,495,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07D6FFF535EFBFF55" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[573,645,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07D6FFF535EFBFF55" box="[573,645,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
after examining large series from Cameron Valley, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEAFFC07A58FF535914FF55" box="[1290,1386,223,249]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 miles</quantity>
|
||
east of Jacumba (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07E7EFE8F5D20FEB1" box="[300,350,259,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality). Creighton noted that none of the characters separating these two subspecies (except possibly for color) held up after examining adequate material. He also indicated that differences used to separate these two forms resulted from comparing the smaller workers of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07C2AFEC75F98FEC8" box="[888,998,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
with the larger workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07A4FFEC7591BFEC9" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1309,1381,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07A4FFEC7591BFEC9" box="[1309,1381,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and that all morphological differences disappeared when comparing same-sized workers. The only remaining difference was the uniformly light color of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07D47FE1F5EFDFE00" box="[533,643,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
, but Creighton noted considerable intranidal variation in color, such that the light
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07E61FE3B5DDFFE7C" box="[307,417,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">castaneus</emphasis>
|
||
workers sometimes occurred in the same colony as dark
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07B69FE3B58FDFE7D" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1083,1155,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07B69FE3B58FDFE7D" box="[1083,1155,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers. We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07FC5FE575D27FE59" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[151,345,474,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 585" refId="ref67372" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1950) The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 104, 1 - 585." type="journal article" year="1950">Creighton (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07EDDFE575E2FFE59" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[399,593,474,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in their synonomizing both subspecies under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07B01FE5758C8FE59" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1107,1206,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07B01FE5758C8FE59" box="[1107,1206,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FE735960FC95" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
As mentioned above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07E9BFE735E4FFDB5" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[457,561,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07E9BFE735E4FFDB5" box="[457,561,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
displays wide variation in color.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07C93FE73595BFDB5" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[961,1317,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler and Creighton (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07FC5FDAF5C80FD91" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,254,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07FC5FDAF5C80FD91" box="[151,254,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as “Color variable. In some specimens the entire insect is reddish black, except for the nodes of the petiole which are reddish. In other specimens, only the posterior part of the gaster is black, the first gastric segment castaneous and the remainder of the insect clear, deep red. Not infrequently both the head and gaster are infuscated, leaving only the thorax and nodes of the petiole red.” We also have examined numerous color variants that include concolorous orangish, concolorous dark brownish-red, brown, and black, as well as color combinations that include reddish-orange head and mesosoma with a black gaster, orangish-red head and mesosoma with a orangish-black gaster, and head and gaster black with a reddish mesosoma infused with black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFEAFFC07B44FD7758DFFCB9" box="[1046,1185,762,789]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[403,1184,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@17.[419,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@18.[409,1178,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@19.[403,1185,181,1920]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@20.[424,1163,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (orange form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923137). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (red form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923139). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (bicolored form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923133). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Photograph of Veromessor andrei worker (black form): (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0923138). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318833" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318835" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318837" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318839" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318833/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318835/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7318837/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7318839/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figures 2–5</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also https://www. antweb.org/ and https://www.asu.edu/clas/sirgtools/veromessor/V%20andrei%20second%20layer.htm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FCCF5D55FBBD" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Color does not correlate with geography except that concolorous orangish workers occur only in southern California and northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07EFFFCEB5E20FC2D" box="[429,606,871,897]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFEAFFC07D3EFCEB5EBBFC2D" box="[620,709,871,897]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Moreover, several morphological traits are stable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07A7DFCEB59EBFC2D" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1327,1429,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07A7DFCEB59EBFC2D" box="[1327,1429,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while color varies greatly, such that color cannot be used as a taxonomic character. A molecular phylogeny based on UCEs does not show color morphs clustering and indicates an average amount of genetic variation within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07A64FC2359E2FC65" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1334,1436,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07A64FC235939FC64" box="[1334,1351,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07A06FC2359E2FC65" box="[1364,1436,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared to other species, proving color to be of little taxonomic significance in this species (M.L. Borowiec, unpub. data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FB975EA8FA9D" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07F95FB975D26FB99" author="Mayr, G." box="[199,344,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="419 - 464" refId="ref70555" refString="Mayr, G. (1886) Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika. Verhandlungen Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Wein, 36, 419 - 464." type="journal article" year="1886">Mayr (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07E84FB975E45FB99" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[470,571,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07E84FB975E45FB99" box="[470,571,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
listing the type locality as “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07CD3FB975F85FB99" box="[897,1019,1051,1077]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
”.
|
||
<location id="8EE56030FFEAFFC07B43FB975848FB99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839:8EE56030FFEAFFC07B43FB975848FB99" box="[1041,1078,1051,1077]" name="We" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="California">We</location>
|
||
examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEAFFC07BE7FB9759E6FB99" box="[1205,1432,1051,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="worker" typeStatus="syntype">10 syntype workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, each on a separate pin (NHMW), finding several localities on the labels.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF533DFFEAFFC07C9FFBB35F87FBF5" box="[973,1017,1087,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">The</collectorName>
|
||
label on eight pins was “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07A47FBB359F0FBF5" box="[1301,1422,1087,1113]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
”, one label was “Tres Pinos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07E95FBEF5E40FBD1" box="[455,574,1123,1149]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
”, and one label was “San Mateo,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07CE6FBEF5852FBD1" box="[948,1068,1123,1149]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
”.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF533DFFEAFFC07B12FBEF58CEFBD1" box="[1088,1200,1123,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Moreover</collectorName>
|
||
, it appears that
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF533DFFEAFFC07A32FBEF59E3FBD1" box="[1376,1437,1123,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mayr</collectorName>
|
||
examined
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07E5CFB0B5D1BFB0D" box="[270,357,1159,1185]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers from several localities, but he chose the type locality as “from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07BE4FB0B5953FB0D" box="[1206,1325,1159,1185]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
”, perhaps because all
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEAFFC07E4DFB275D81FB69" box="[287,511,1195,1221]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="worker" typeStatus="syntype">10 syntype workers</specimenCount>
|
||
were from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07DDBFB275E80FB69" box="[649,766,1195,1221]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF533DFFEAFFC07C58FB275F51FB69" box="[778,815,1195,1221]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">We</collectorName>
|
||
chose the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07CFCFB27587BFB69" box="[942,1029,1195,1221]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Tres Pinos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07B85FB275935FB69" box="[1239,1355,1195,1221]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07FC5FB435C80FB45" box="[151,254,1231,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
so as to define the type locality.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1AC91FFEAFFC07DD7FB435EA9FB45" box="[645,727,1231,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Twelve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
workers from USNM also had a label that read “Tres Pinos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFEAFFC07FC5FB7F5D75FAA1" box="[151,267,1267,1293]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Jun, 1884”.
|
||
<location id="8EE56030FFEAFFC07EF6FB7F5DB7FAA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FDFFEEFFDF7FC5FE1658EEF839:8EE56030FFEAFFC07EF6FB7F5DB7FAA1" box="[420,457,1267,1293]" municipality="Twelve" name="We" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="California">We</location>
|
||
consider these
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEAFFC07D2EFB7F5E85FAA1" box="[636,763,1267,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="worker">12 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
to be part of the Tres Pinos
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07B1AFB7F58E1FAA1" box="[1096,1183,1267,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
series, and we placed
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07FC5FA9B5C90FA9D" box="[151,238,1303,1329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07E77FA9B5DC2FA9D" box="[293,444,1303,1329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
labels on all
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFEAFFC07D03FA9B5EACFA9D" box="[593,722,1303,1329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="worker">12 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFEAFFDF7F95FAB65853F9D9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FAB65D94FA49" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07F95FAB65D59FAF8" bold="true" box="[199,295,1338,1364]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07EC0FAB75D88FAF9" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[402,502,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07EC0FAB75D88FAF9" box="[402,502,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur in open sites in most soil
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFEAFFC07C30FAB75FE3FAF9" box="[866,925,1339,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and consist of one to multiple entrances with irregularly-shaped entrances up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEAFFC07D73FAD25E27FAD5" box="[545,601,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Nest entrances usually are surrounded by an irregular gravel mound of excavated soil and chaff that ranges up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEAFFC07DB0FA0F5F59FA31" box="[738,807,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (Boulton, Jaffee, & Scow, 2003;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07A77FA0F5CACFA6D" author="Creighton, W. S." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07FB0FA2B5E75FA6D" author="Snelling, R. R. & George, C. D." box="[226,523,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref72764" refString="Snelling, R. R. & George, C. D. (1979) The taxonomy, distribution and ecology of California desert ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Report to Bureau of Land Management, US Department of Interior, Riverside, California, 335 + 89 pp." type="book" year="1979">Snelling & George, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07D49FA2B5F1AFA6D" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[539,868,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07B55FA2B5811FA6D" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1031,1135,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07B55FA2B5811FA6D" box="[1031,1135,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are mostly monomorphic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07FCDFA475DA3FA49" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[159,477,1483,1509]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFC07F95FA635FCBF815" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07E03FA635DCBF9A5" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[337,437,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07E03FA635DCBF9A5" box="[337,437,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been censused, but observations indicate that they contain tens of thousands of workers that form foraging columns up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFEAFFC07D2DF99F5EC4F981" box="[639,698,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
long, with workers fanning out to forage at the distal end of the column (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07FABF9BB5E79F9FD" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M." box="[249,519,1591,1617]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="195 - 203" refId="ref66746" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M. (2000) How resources and encounters affect the distribution of foraging activity in a seedharvesting ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47 (3), 195 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002650050011" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Gordon, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07D42F9BB5EB6F9FD" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[528,712,1590,1617]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07D81F9BB5872F9FD" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[723,1036,1591,1617]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); vegetation and debris are removed to construct trails when necessary. Colonies sometimes have more than one foraging column. Colonies forage most days during the foraging season, which typically lasts from late March to late October or early November. Foraging time varies seasonally with changes in temperature: colonies forage during the day when days are cool, they become crepuscular-matinal as temperatures increase, and they forage nocturnally when nights are warm (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07B82F94B5CADF8A9" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="195 - 203" refId="ref66746" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M. (2000) How resources and encounters affect the distribution of foraging activity in a seedharvesting ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47 (3), 195 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002650050011" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Gordon, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07F8CF9675D0FF8A9" author="Hobbs, R. J." box="[222,369,1770,1797]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="519 - 523" refId="ref68969" refString="Hobbs, R. J. (1985) Harvester ant foraging and plant species distribution. Oecologia, 67 (4), 519 - 523. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00790023" type="journal article" year="1985">Hobbs, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Foraging columns can revisit the same location for multiple days or they can change direction on successive days such that colonies visit the entire area surrounding their nests (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07B7DF883593FF885" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M." box="[1071,1345,1807,1833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="195 - 203" refId="ref66746" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M. (2000) How resources and encounters affect the distribution of foraging activity in a seedharvesting ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47 (3), 195 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002650050011" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Gordon, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07A1EF8835CADF8E1" author="Hobbs, R. J." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="519 - 523" refId="ref68969" refString="Hobbs, R. J. (1985) Harvester ant foraging and plant species distribution. Oecologia, 67 (4), 519 - 523. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00790023" type="journal article" year="1985">Hobbs, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Neighbors also affect foraging direction because encounters with neighbors on one day increasing the probability of revisiting that area the following day; encounters with neighbors resulted in fighting that typically involve relatively few pairs of ants (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07D7CF8F75F3CF839" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M." box="[558,834,1915,1941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="195 - 203" refId="ref66746" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Gordon, D. M. (2000) How resources and encounters affect the distribution of foraging activity in a seedharvesting ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47 (3), 195 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002650050011" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Gordon, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This behavior contrasts with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07BB9F8F75909F839" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1259,1399,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07BB9F8F75909F839" box="[1259,1399,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. pergandei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which foraging columns avoid nearest neighbors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFEAFFC07D95F8135FD7F815" author="Ryti, R. T. & Case, T. J." box="[711,937,1951,1977]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1993 - 2003" refId="ref72504" refString="Ryti, R. T. & Case, T. J. (1988 a) Field experiments on desert ants: testing for competition between colonies. Ecology, 69 (6), 1993 - 2003. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1941177" type="journal article" year="1988">Ryti & Case, 1988a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFEAFFDF7F95F84F58E9FEED" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Foraging patterns of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFEAFFC07EE4F84F5E65F871" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[438,539,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFEAFFC07EE4F84F5E65F871" box="[438,539,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
result from chemicals released by several glands. Secretions from the pygidial gland (primarily n-tridecane) appear to initiate the foraging column (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7CD5FF1B58F8FF1D" author="Holldobler, B. & Plowes, N. J. R. & Johnson, R. A. & Nishshanka, U. & Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B." box="[903,1158,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="863 - 869" refId="ref69008" refString="Holldobler, B., Plowes, N. J. R., Johnson, R. A., Nishshanka, U., Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B. (2013) Pygidial gland chemistry and potential alarm-recruitment function in column foraging, but not solitary, Nearctic Messor harvesting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 59 (9), 863 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jinsphys. 2013.06.006" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Hölldobler
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7B55FF1B5840FF1D" box="[1031,1086,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while a trail pheromone (primarily 1-phenylethanol) released from the poison gland maintains recruitment to the foraging fan (Plowes, Colella, Johnson, & Hölldobler, 2014). The recruitment effect from the poison gland is enhanced when adding pygidial gland secretions (Plowes, Colella,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7DD7FE8F5EC1FEB1" box="[645,703,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014). Like other large-colony congeners, workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7A65FE8F59E2FEB1" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1335,1436,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7A65FE8F59E2FEB1" box="[1335,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a large pygidial gland reservoir with a textured tergal cuticle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7CD4FEAB58F5FEED" author="Holldobler, B. & Plowes, N. J. R. & Johnson, R. A. & Nishshanka, U. & Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B." box="[902,1163,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="863 - 869" refId="ref69008" refString="Holldobler, B., Plowes, N. J. R., Johnson, R. A., Nishshanka, U., Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B. (2013) Pygidial gland chemistry and potential alarm-recruitment function in column foraging, but not solitary, Nearctic Messor harvesting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 59 (9), 863 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jinsphys. 2013.06.006" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Hölldobler
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7B5AFEAB583EFEED" box="[1032,1088,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95FEC75F66FD91" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Mating flights of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7EDEFEC75D91FEC9" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[396,495,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7EDEFEC75D91FEC9" box="[396,495,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur in post-dawn hours over an up to several week period from mid-June through July, usually with relatively few sexuals released per day (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7C61FEE35FA4FE25" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[819,986,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="194 - 195" refId="ref66700" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 b) Semi-claustral founding and worker behaviour in gynes of Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (2), 194 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050133" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown, 1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7CB5FEE358CFFE25" author="McCluskey, E. S." box="[999,1201,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="273 - 292" refId="ref70623" refString="McCluskey, E. S. (1963) Rhythms and clocks in harvester and Argentine ants. Physiological Zoology, 36 (3), 273 - 292." type="journal article" year="1963">McCluskey, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7BEDFEE35CACFE01" author="Snelling, R. R. & George, C. D." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref72764" refString="Snelling, R. R. & George, C. D. (1979) The taxonomy, distribution and ecology of California desert ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Report to Bureau of Land Management, US Department of Interior, Riverside, California, 335 + 89 pp." type="book" year="1979">Snelling & George, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; R.A. Johnson, pers. obs.). Flights are synchronized across colonies, apparently in response to a circadian rhythym in which activity of males increases drastically during early morning hours (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7B2AFE3B5938FE7D" author="McCluskey, E. S." box="[1144,1350,438,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="536 - 537" refId="ref70582" refString="McCluskey, E. S. (1958) Daily rhythms in male harvester and Argentine ants. Science, 128 (3323), 536 - 537. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 128.3323.536" type="journal article" year="1958">McCluskey, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7A06FE3B59EEFE7D" author="McCluskey, E. S." box="[1364,1424,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="273 - 292" refId="ref70623" refString="McCluskey, E. S. (1963) Rhythms and clocks in harvester and Argentine ants. Physiological Zoology, 36 (3), 273 - 292." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). That photoperiod triggers mating flights is based on observations that males exhibit sharp daily activity peaks under controlled light cycles and that these cycles appear to be under endogenous control. Sexuals fly from the nest and mate in the air (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7E15FDAF5D92FD91" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[327,492,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="194 - 195" refId="ref66700" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 b) Semi-claustral founding and worker behaviour in gynes of Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (2), 194 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050133" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown, 1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; R.A. Johnson, pers. obs.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95FDCB5EE5FD61" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Mating frequency for queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7D67FDCB5EE7FDCD" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[565,665,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7D67FDCB5EE7FDCD" box="[565,665,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown. Dry mass of alate queens averages 7.5 +
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFF5FFDF7A56FDCB5928FDCD" box="[1284,1366,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-7" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mg" value="0.3">0.3 mg</quantity>
|
||
. Alate queens contain an average of 44.0 + 1.9 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7D36FDE75E0CFD28" box="[612,626,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5) ovarioles, and mated queens contain an average of 1.52 + 0.11 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7A2AFDE759F8FD28" box="[1400,1414,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5) million sperm. Dry mass for virgin males averages 2.1 +
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFF5FFDF7C63FD035FFFFD05" box="[817,897,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-7" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mg" value="0.1">0.1 mg</quantity>
|
||
, and they contain an average of 9.15 + 0.64 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7A2AFD0359F8FD04" box="[1400,1414,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3) million sperm (R.A. Johnson, unpub. data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95FD5B5DEEFC2D" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Little is known about colony founding, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7DE4FD5B5F1DFD5D" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[694,867,727,753]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="194 - 195" refId="ref66700" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 b) Semi-claustral founding and worker behaviour in gynes of Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (2), 194 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050133" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown (1999b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed that founding queens are semi-claustral, i.e., they leave the nest to forage.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7D78FD775EA4FCB9" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[554,730,763,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="194 - 195" refId="ref66700" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 b) Semi-claustral founding and worker behaviour in gynes of Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (2), 194 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050133" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown (1999b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also reported that queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7B66FD7758E5FCB9" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1076,1179,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7B66FD7758E5FCB9" box="[1076,1179,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack storage proteins, inferring that they are obligate foragers, i.e., they cannot rear their first brood of minims without an external food source. Laboratory experiments should examine the founding strategy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7CBEFCCF582DFCF1" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1004,1107,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7CBEFCCF582DFCF1" box="[1004,1107,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
queens in more detail (e.g., Johnson, 2002, 2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95FC075E39FB69" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7E10FC075DD8FC09" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[322,422,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7E10FC075DD8FC09" box="[322,422,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also are unusual because dealate queens sometimes occur in foraging columns.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7A7EFC075C9CFC65" author="Creighton, W. S." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed this behavior and suggested that these dealate queens were taken into established nests after mating. These observations were studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7DD7FC5F5F4CFC41" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[645,818,979,1005]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="194 - 195" refId="ref66700" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 b) Semi-claustral founding and worker behaviour in gynes of Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (2), 194 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050133" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown (1999b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who documented that dealate queens occur in foraging columns for about one month, and that all of these dealate queens were uninseminated. The mechanism that causes queens to forego mating and to perform worker-like tasks is unknown, especially in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7B1EFB9758CEFB99" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1100,1200,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7B1EFB9758CEFB99" box="[1100,1200,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where this behavior cannot be attributed to lack of rains that trigger mating flights. The only other study to examine this behavior in detail found that dealate foraging queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7DC4FBEF5FF6FBD0" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1909" box="[662,904,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7DC4FBEF5FF6FBD0" box="[662,904,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pogonomyrmex pima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also were uninseminated (Johnson, Holbrook, Strehl, & Gadau, 2007). Dealate queens from mature colonies in several other ant genera also leave the nest to forage (Johnson, 2015;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7EF2FB275E44FB69" author="Peeters, C." box="[416,570,1195,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref71026" refString="Peeters, C. (1997) Morphologically ' primitive' ants: comparative review of social characters, and the importance of queenworker dimorphism. In: Choe, J. C. & Crespi, B. J. (Eds.), The Evolution of Social Behavior in Insects and Arachnids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 372 - 391. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511721953.019" type="book chapter" year="1997">Peeters, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95FB435853F9D9" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Most colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7EC2FB435D88FB45" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[400,502,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7EC2FB435D88FB45" box="[400,502,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relocate their nest every year, with some colonies relocating nests up to 10 times per year. Relocation was not caused by encounters with their nearest neighbor even though the new nest site was typically more distant from that nearest neighbor. Predation, disease, microclimate, and local resource depletion were suggested as other possible causes of nest relocation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7C6BFAB75FA1FAF9" author="Brown, M. J. F." box="[825,991,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="66 - 70" refId="ref66652" refString="Brown, M. J. F. (1999 a) Nest relocation and encounters between colonies of the seed-harvesting ant Messor andrei. Insectes Sociaux, 46 (1), 66 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 000400050114" type="journal article" year="1999">Brown, 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Patterns of relocation were consistent within this population, but differed from patterns at a distant site (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7C25FAD35898FAD5" author="Pinter-Wollman, N. & Brown, M. J. F." box="[887,1254,1374,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1569 - 1576" refId="ref71272" refString="Pinter-Wollman, N. & Brown, M. J. F. (2015) Variation in nest relocation of harvester ants is affected by population density and food abundance. Behavioral Ecology, 26 (6), 1569 - 1576. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / beheco / arv 108" type="journal article" year="2015">Pinter-Wollman & Brown, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7A45FAD35CA1FA31" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7A45FAD35CA1FA31" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Veromessor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also affects local abundance and distribution of plants through their seed-harvesting and nest building activites. Workers typically display strong preferences for the seeds of some plant species, which results in changing the density and composition of plant species in areas that foragers visit (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7C95FA475825FA49" author="Hobbs, R. J." box="[967,1115,1482,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="519 - 523" refId="ref68969" refString="Hobbs, R. J. (1985) Harvester ant foraging and plant species distribution. Oecologia, 67 (4), 519 - 523. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00790023" type="journal article" year="1985">Hobbs, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Peters, Chiariello, Mooney, Levin, & Hartley, 2005; but see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7EABFA635F7FF9A5" author="Brown, M. J. F. & Human, K. G." box="[505,769,1519,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="237 - 243" refId="ref66804" refString="Brown, M. J. F. & Human, K. G. (1997) Effects of harvester ants on plant species distribution and abundance in a serpentine grassland. Oecologia, 112 (2), 237 - 243. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 004420050306" type="journal article" year="1997">Brown & Human, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The nest mound itself also consists of a localized microsite that is affected by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7E3FF99F5DADF981" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[365,467,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7E3FF99F5DADF981" box="[365,467,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because nest mounds contain higher concentrations of nutrients, a higher abundance and diversity of soil organisms (e.g., fungi, nematodes, microarthropods), and different plant species compared to adjacent non-mound soils (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7E94F9D75ED7F9D9" author="Boulton, A. M. & Jaffee, B. A. & Scow, K. M." box="[454,681,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="257 - 265" refId="ref66495" refString="Boulton, A. M., Jaffee, B. A. & Scow, K. M. (2003) Effects of a common harvester ant (Messor andrei) on richness and abundance of soil biota. Applied Soil Ecology, 23 (3), 257 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0929 - 1393 (03) 00046 - 5" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Boulton
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7D7AF9D75E1FF9D9" box="[552,609,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7DE7F9D75F39F9D9" author="Hobbs, R. J." box="[693,839,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="519 - 523" refId="ref68969" refString="Hobbs, R. J. (1985) Harvester ant foraging and plant species distribution. Oecologia, 67 (4), 519 - 523. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00790023" type="journal article" year="1985">Hobbs, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7C01F9D7585CF9D9" author="Peters, H. A. & Chiariello, N. R. & Mooney, H. A. & Levin, S. A. & Hartley, A. E." box="[851,1058,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="351 - 359" refId="ref71135" refString="Peters, H. A., Chiariello, N. R., Mooney, H. A., Levin, S. A. & Hartley, A. E. (2005) Native harvester ants threatened with widespread displacement exert localized effects on serpentine grassland plant community composition. Oikos, 109 (2), 351 - 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0030 - 1299.2005.13282. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Peters
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7CCDF9D75FA9F9D9" box="[927,983,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFF5FFDF7F95F9F358EEF839" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFF5FFDF7F95F9F358EEF839" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7F95F9F35DEEF935" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[199,400,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromesor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7F95F9F35DEEF935" box="[199,400,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Veromesor andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in most open habitats from seaside to mountain valleys throughout the California coastal range from southern Oregon to northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFF5FFDF7DE3F92F5F21F911" box="[689,863,1699,1725]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFF5FFDF7C38F92F5FBCF911" box="[874,962,1699,1725]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at elevations from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFF5FFDF7BCCF92F596BF911" box="[1182,1301,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2,000 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7A71F92F5CACF94D" author="Creighton, W. S." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref67401" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1953) New data on the habits of the ants of the genus Veromessor. American Museum Novitates, 1612, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1953">Creighton, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7FB2F94B5E6CF94D" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J." box="[224,530,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref73592" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1973) Ants of Deep Canyon. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 162 pp." type="book" year="1973">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species occurs in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFF5FFDF7C09F94B5877F94D" box="[859,1033,1735,1761]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
desert, California coastal sage and chaparral, California montane chaparral and woodlands, California interior chaparral and woodlands, California Central Valley grasslands, Northern California coastal forests, and Klamath-Siskiyou forests ecoregions, as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7FEEF8BF5DE7F8E1" author="Olson, D. M. & Dinerstein, E. & Wikramanayake, E. D. & Burgess, N. D. & Powell, G. V. N. & Underwood, E. C. & D'Amico, J. A. & Itoua, I. & Strand, H. E. & Morrison, J. C. & Loucks, C. J. & Allnutt, T. F. & Ricketts, T. H. & Kura, Y. & Lamoreux, J. F. & Wettengel, W. W. & Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R." box="[188,409,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="933 - 938" refId="ref70788" refString="Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R. (2001) Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience, 51 (11), 933 - 938. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2001) 051 [0933: TEOTWA] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Olson
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7E5AF8BF5D3DF8E1" box="[264,323,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. There also are several records from higher elevations (>
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFF5FFDF7B61F8BF58EDF8E1" box="[1075,1171,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1120.0">1,120 m</quantity>
|
||
) in the Mohave Desert ecoregion in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFF5FFDF7DBCF8DB5F0DF8DD" box="[750,883,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[417,1169,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@25.[417,1170,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 10. Geographic distribution of: (A) Veromessor andrei, (B) V. chamberlini, and (C) V. chicoensis. The larger black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. The northernmost locale for V. chamberlini was given only as Santa Clara County, and we have placed this locale near the center of the county." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318850/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). We regard the literature record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFF5FFDF7BAFF8DB591EF8DD" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1277,1376,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromesor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFF5FFDF7BAFF8DB591EF8DD" box="[1277,1376,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. andrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Ormsby County, Nevada, to be spurious (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFF5FFDF7D34F8F75FDCF839" author="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S." box="[614,930,1915,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="341 - 387" refId="ref73843" refString="Wheeler, W. M. & Creighton, W. S. (1934) A study of the ant genera Novomessor and Veromessor. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 69 (9), 341 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 20023057" type="journal article" year="1934">Wheeler & Creighton, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) until it is reverified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |