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<document id="6B5D5043B64C38FC21FFA3DB0D168FC2" ID-DOI="10.11865/zs.2024405" ID-ISSN="2095-6827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14700717" ID-ZooBank="39A1B53F-12BB-4ADD-9494-08BABC635B74" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1737346890772" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ma, Shuo, Xu, Yuanyuan, Xin, Tongle, Liu, Chang, Yang, Ding &amp; Zhang, Xiao" docDate="2024" docId="0392C355FFE81E43DFD2B70F9E0D79E2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolSyst.49.4.331-342.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Systematics 49 (4)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/39a1b53f-12bb-4add-9494-08babc635b74" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD.1:ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD" docStyleName="ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="338" masterDocId="FFABBB2DFFED1E44DF5AB44F9D2F7F35" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the crane fly genus Helius (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Sichuan, China" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="331" pageNumber="336" updateTime="1737384555559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B20DE0C7652E59C735C48CC9A0388F1C">Contribution to the knowledge of the crane fly genus Helius (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Sichuan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="44A4EDE32476FB6238C8764AC9631BE7">Ma, Shuo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D5D9FF45416EC07FA2D4BA445134A68B">Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6010DF21A2992CEE61BFD13BF67EB15A">Xu, Yuanyuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1D43C01011E6597D9CB29B46CF2B2AA6">Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China &amp; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety and National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7C8C38970D513313C4308ABD57AE6B2F">Xin, Tongle</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B9D778CA2650906760E021B8BC5CEE40">Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8722151569D5E83554E3B46B3AB27FD9">Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B648A5995ECA2846C75883F9A729F4BB">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2B47D7DF0266DE841B9509F62E7A7A0B">College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A10EDA35B2AC415EB7AB04A6D6CD6875">Zhang, Xiao</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8B847243FFE81E41DFD2B70F9EB57C6D" blockId="5.[136,922,832,857]" box="[136,922,832,857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFE81E41DFD2B70F9F9C7C6C" authority="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,691,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimoides" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFE81E41DFD2B70F9DFE7C6D" bold="true" box="[136,209,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Helius</emphasis>
(
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) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFE81E41DE62B70F9CC87C6D" bold="true" box="[312,487,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">pallidissimoides</emphasis>
Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C132AFFE81E41DDE5B70E9E3A7C6C" box="[703,789,833,857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFE81E41DC68B70E9EBE7C6D" box="[818,913,832,857]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionStartId-1="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId-0="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetId-1="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." captionText-1="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
)
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<caption id="DF4422CBFFE81E41DFC1B3A399937714" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" startId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" targetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B847243FFE81E41DFC1B3A399937714" blockId="5.[155,1433,2028,2082]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
Figure 4. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFE81E41DE5AB3A39FD37737" authority="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2024" box="[256,764,2028,2050]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimoides" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFE81E41DE5AB3A39C117734" box="[256,318,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Helius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFE81E41DE0BB3A39CBF7734" box="[337,400,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Helius</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFE81E41DEFBB3A39F127734" box="[417,573,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">pallidissimoides</emphasis>
Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C132AFFE81E41DC53B3A39E767734" box="[777,857,2028,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A = 2.0 mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C = 0.2 mm; E = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Figure 5. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFEB1E42DFADB3869FFA78EA" authority="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityName="Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2024" box="[247,725,1993,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimoides" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEB1E42DFADB3869C1978EB" box="[247,310,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Helius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEB1E42DE18B3869CAE78EB" box="[322,385,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Helius</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEB1E42DED4B3869F0578EB" box="[398,554,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">pallidissimoides</emphasis>
Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEB1E42DD84B3869E0678EB" bold="true" box="[734,809,1993,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C132AFFEB1E42DD84B3869E0678EB" box="[734,809,1993,2014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.2 mm; C–E = 0.1 mm; F–G = 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32121C8FFEA1E43DFE7B4A39E0D79E2" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="diagnosis">
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Diagnosis. Antenna with flagellomeres oval, apically tapering and elongated. Rostrum nearly as long as remainder of head. Prescutum and presutural scutum yellow with a very narrow darkened median line. Pleuron yellow to brownish yellow. Wing with stigma indistinct, pale yellow. Distance between tips of R 
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and R 
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about four times as long as distance between tips of R 
<subScript id="17BF7006FFEA1E43DFBEB5119DC27E59" attach="left" box="[228,237,350,364]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">1</subScript>
and R 
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. Tip of outer gonostylus bispinous, inner spine smaller. Interbase oval, tip significantly expanded laterally; laterally producing into a narrow, apically acute outgrowth.
</paragraph>
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Description. Male. Body length 
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(excluding rostrum), wing length 
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, rostrum length 
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, antenna length 0.9–1.0 mm.
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Head (
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). Pale brownish yellow with vertex dark brown. Setae on head dark brown. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DA5EB59098787EC2" box="[1284,1367,479,503]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) brown with scape paler. Scape long cylindrical with tip slightly expanded, about 2.5 times as long as wide. Pedicel oval. Flagellomeres oval, apically tapering and elongated, with unilaterally arranged dark brown verticils; verticils on outer flagellomeres long, subequal in length to or slightly longer than corresponding flagellomere. Rostrum nearly as long as remainder of head, brownish yellow with dark brown setae. Palpus brownish yellow with brown setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B6C39FE97CA2" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE42B6C39C417D90" box="[280,366,652,677]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). Pronotum pale brown. Prescutum and presutural scutum yellow with a very narrow darkened median line. Postsutural scutum pale yellow with middle area darker. Scutellum pale yellow with middle area darker. Mediotergite yellow with two sides of base paler. Pleuron (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DD2CB69D9FE47DDF" box="[630,715,722,746]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) yellow to brownish yellow. Setae on thorax dark brown. Fore coxa pale brownish yellow, mid and hind coxae yellow; trochanters yellow; remainder of legs pale brownish yellow. Setae on legs brown. Wing (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE7FB7589C597C1A" box="[293,374,791,815]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) tinged with pale brownish yellow, costal field slightly light yellow. Stigma indistinct, pale yellow. Veins yellow to brownish yellow. Venation: Sc ending just before fork of Rs, sc-r at its tip; distance between tips of R 
<subScript id="17BF7006FFEA1E43DA2FB70B98517C67" attach="left" box="[1397,1406,836,850]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">4</subScript>
and R 
<subScript id="17BF7006FFEA1E43DFC0B7299D8C7C41" attach="left" box="[154,163,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">5</subScript>
about four times as long as distance between tips of R 
<subScript id="17BF7006FFEA1E43DDB2B7299FDE7C41" attach="left" box="[744,753,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">1</subScript>
and R 
<subScript id="17BF7006FFEA1E43DC6CB7299E107C41" attach="left" box="[822,831,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">4</subScript>
; cell dm about 1.5 times as long as wide; m-cu close to or just beyond fork of M. Halter yellow with knob paler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B7ED9E597CE9" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE6FB7ED9CA47C8F" box="[309,395,930,954]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Tergite 1 dark brown; sternite 1 pale yellow. Segment 2–7 pale brownish yellow with caudal areas dark brown. Segment 8–9 dark brown. Setae on abdomen dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B7A899B17BC7" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE05B7A89C8A7CCA" box="[351,421,999,1023]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Pale brownish yellow. Posterior margin of tergite 9 with a broad and shallow U-shaped emargination (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE7DB0459CAE7B17" box="[295,385,1034,1058]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite cylindrical with base slightly expanded. Setae on gonocoxite dark brown; shorter, slender and denser on inner side (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DEB0B0639F4C7B71" box="[490,611,1068,1092]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5A–B</figureCitation>
). Outer gonostylus slightly curved with subtip slightly expanded; tip blackened and bispinous, inner spine smaller (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DD4EB0009F9D7B52" box="[532,690,1103,1127]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5A–B, E</figureCitation>
). Inner gonostylus curved with basal half expanded (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DA5BB000988F7B52" box="[1281,1440,1103,1127]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5A–B, E</figureCitation>
). Aedeagal complex with semen pump inverted pear-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DC51B03D9EAA7BBF" box="[779,901,1138,1162]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5C–D</figureCitation>
), ejaculatory apodeme very short and stout with tip trifurcated (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE53B0DB9CA97B99" box="[265,390,1172,1196]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5C–D</figureCitation>
); aedeagus rod-shaped with tip curled dorsally (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DCC7B0DB99327B99" box="[925,1053,1172,1196]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5A–D</figureCitation>
). Parameres fused forming flattened transverse plate with long basal and apical parts, tip of apical part bent dorsally (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DC8DB0F8997E7BFA" box="[983,1105,1207,1231]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5C–D</figureCitation>
). Interbase oval, tip significantly expanded laterally; laterally producing into a narrow, apically acute outgrowth (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DC81B09599BD7BC7" box="[987,1170,1242,1266]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5C–D, F–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B0B39CA57A21" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" box="[189,394,1276,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B1509DE67AAA" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Type material. 
<materialsCitation id="3B53781EFFEA1E43DE35B1509FE97A6F" collectingDate="2016-05-21" collectionCode="TYPE" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.582779" location="Linggongli" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.29" municipality="Mt. Emei" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" specimenCode="TYPE003" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5480CCE1FFEA1E43DE35B1509CFD7A02" box="[367,466,1311,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D3DB9CAFFEA1E43DEB8B1539CD97A02" box="[482,502,1308,1335]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9DDA38FFEA1E43DD57B1509F507A02" box="[525,639,1311,1335]" collectionCode="TYPE" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">TYPE003</specimenCode>
B01), 
<collectingCountry id="F32C32D3FFEA1E43DD9FB1509E267A02" box="[709,777,1311,1335]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49FFBCA1FFEA1E43DC46B1509ECF7A02" box="[796,992,1311,1335]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62E50ACFFFEA1E43DCACB15099B27A02" box="[1014,1181,1311,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Emeishan City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0E839FFEA1E43DBEBB150980E7A02" box="[1201,1313,1311,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Mt. Emei</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE42498FFEA1E43DA6FB15098837A02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392C355FFE81E43DFD2B70F9E0D79E2:8EE42498FFEA1E43DA6FB15098837A02" box="[1333,1452,1311,1335]" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.582779" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.29" municipality="Mt. Emei" name="Linggongli" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" stateProvince="Sichuan">Linggongli</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F1484FFEA1E43DFCAB10D9C3C7A6C" box="[144,275,1344,1370]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" precision="15" seconds="58" value="29.582779">29°34′58″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F1484FFEA1E43DE7BB10D9C827A6F" box="[289,429,1344,1370]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" precision="15" seconds="24" value="103.29">103°17′24″E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<date id="FF855483FFEA1E43DE99B10D9F1C7A6F" box="[451,563,1346,1370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" value="2016-05-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC1AD6BFFEA1E43DE99B10D9F1C7A6F" box="[451,563,1346,1370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" value="2016-05-21">2016.V.21</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<location id="8EE42498FFEA1E43DD1BB10D9FE97A6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392C355FFE81E43DFD2B70F9E0D79E2:8EE42498FFEA1E43DD1BB10D9FE97A6F" box="[577,710,1346,1370]" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.582779" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.29" municipality="Mt. Emei" name="Zehui Kang" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" stateProvince="Sichuan">Zehui Kang</location>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B53781EFFEA1E43DD89B10D98077A6F" box="[723,1320,1343,1370]" collectingDate="2016-05-21" collectionCode="TYPE" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.582779" location="Linggongli" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.29" municipality="Mt. Emei" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" specimenCode="TYPE003" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5480CCE1FFEA1E43DD89B10D9E117A6F" box="[723,830,1346,1370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<specimenCount id="9D3DB9CAFFEA1E43DC11B10D9E427A6F" box="[843,877,1343,1370]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9DDA38FFEA1E43DC24B10D9EC17A6F" box="[894,1006,1346,1370]" collectionCode="TYPE" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">TYPE003</specimenCode>
B02), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B53781EFFEA1E43DA6FB10D9DEA7AAA" collectingDate="2016-05-20" collectionCode="TYPE" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.574167" location="Qingyinge" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.39166" municipality="Mt. Emei" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" specimenCode="TYPE 003" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3DB9CAFFEA1E43DA6FB10D98797A6F" box="[1333,1366,1343,1370]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9DDA38FFEA1E43DA3DB10D9D9C7A48" collectionCode="TYPE" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">TYPE 003</specimenCode>
B03), 
<collectingCountry id="F32C32D3FFEA1E43DFACB12B9C157A49" box="[246,314,1380,1404]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49FFBCA1FFEA1E43DE1CB12B9F277A49" box="[326,520,1380,1404]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62E50ACFFFEA1E43DD4FB12B9F987A49" box="[533,695,1380,1404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Emeishan City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0E839FFEA1E43DD9EB12A9E017A49" box="[708,814,1380,1404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Mt. Emei</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE42498FFEA1E43DC66B12B9E827A49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392C355FFE81E43DFD2B70F9E0D79E2:8EE42498FFEA1E43DC66B12B9E827A49" box="[828,941,1380,1404]" country="China" county="Emeishan City" latitude="29.574167" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.39166" municipality="Mt. Emei" name="Qingyinge" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" stateProvince="Sichuan">Qingyinge</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F1484FFEA1E43DCE4B12A996F7A49" box="[958,1088,1379,1405]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" precision="15" seconds="27" value="29.574167">29°34′27″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F1484FFEA1E43DB14B12A99F57A48" box="[1102,1242,1379,1405]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" precision="15" seconds="30" value="103.39166">103°23′30″E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<date id="FF855483FFEA1E43DBAAB12B984F7A49" box="[1264,1376,1380,1404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" value="2016-05-20">
<collectingDate id="EFC1AD6BFFEA1E43DBAAB12B984F7A49" box="[1264,1376,1380,1404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" value="2016-05-20">2016.V.20</collectingDate>
</date>
, Zehui Kang
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B1E59F047AF7" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" box="[189,555,1450,1474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Distribution. 
<collectingRegion id="49FFBCA1FFEA1E43DE16B1E59C8D7AF7" box="[332,418,1450,1474]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
(Emeishan).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B1839CA07932" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Etymology. The name of the new species refers to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFEA1E43DDBBB18299517AD0" authority="Alexander, 1930" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1930" box="[737,1150,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimus" subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DDBBB1829FD37AD1" box="[737,764,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DC56B1829E097AD1" box="[780,806,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DC6CB1839EEC7AD1" box="[822,963,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">pallidissimus</emphasis>
Alexander, 1930
</taxonomicName>
, as the two species are very similar morphologically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B847243FFEA1E43DFE7B25D9E0D79E2" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Remarks. This new species is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFEA1E43DD33B25D9E67791F" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1930" box="[617,840,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimus" subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DD33B25D9FAC791C" box="[617,643,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DDC8B25D9F82791C" box="[658,685,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DDE1B25D9E67791F" box="[699,840,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">pallidissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F32C32D3FFEA1E43DCD3B25D9EE6791F" box="[905,969,1554,1578]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">China</collectingCountry>
by having a similar pale body coloration, but can be separated by the basal flagellomeres being oval (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DD8FB27B9E0A7978" box="[725,805,1588,1613]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
), the femora, tibiae and tarsi of the legs being uniformly pale brownish yellow (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE09B2189C81795A" box="[339,430,1623,1647]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[155,218,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,919,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-318@5.[189,1399,916,1998]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A =2.0mm; B, D =0.5 mm; C=0.2mm; E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), and the tip of the interbase being significantly expanded laterally with an apically acute outgrowth (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DE5EB2359C9479A7" box="[260,443,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,261,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-75@6.[189,1398,258,1960]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Helius (Helius) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma &amp; Zhang, sp. nov. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2mm; C–E=0.1mm; F–G=0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700733/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 5C–D, F–G</figureCitation>
). In 
<taxonomicName id="4C3B09C0FFEA1E43DEB3B2359FE779A7" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1930" box="[489,712,1658,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidissimus" subGenus="Helius">
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DEB3B2359F2C79A4" box="[489,515,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DD48B2359F0279A4" box="[530,557,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">H.</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94FAE51FFEA1E43DD61B2359FE779A7" box="[571,712,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">pallidissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basal flagellomeres are short and crowded (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DB96B235980F79A7" box="[1228,1312,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[155,218,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,883,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-353@8.[189,1399,878,1966]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Helius (Helius) pallidissimus Alexander, 1930. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A=2.0mm; B, D=0.5mm; C =0.2mm; E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700737/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
), the femora, tibiae and tarsi of the legs gradually change from yellow to brownish yellow (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DCE4B2D3993C7981" box="[958,1043,1692,1716]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[155,218,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,883,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-353@8.[189,1399,878,1966]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Helius (Helius) pallidissimus Alexander, 1930. A. Habitus of male, lateral view; B. Head, lateral view; C. Antenna; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Wing. Scale bars: A=2.0mm; B, D=0.5mm; C =0.2mm; E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700737/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
), and the tip of the interbase is slightly expanded with an apically blunt outgrowth (
<figureCitation id="13006EC6FFEA1E43DD05B2F09E3879E2" box="[607,791,1727,1751]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[155,218,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[199,1393,521,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-176@9.[189,1398,518,1954]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Helius (Helius) pallidissimus Alexander, 1930. A. Male hypopygium, dorsal view; B. Male hypopygium, ventral view; C. Aedeagal complex, dorsal view; D. Aedeagal complex, ventral view; E. Gonostyli, dorsal view; F. Interbase, dorsal view; G. Interbase, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B=0.2 mm; C–E=0.1 mm; F–G=0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14700739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14700739/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figs 7C–D, F–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>