plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/92/87/039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91.xml

640 lines
69 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="8EC582D4E07BE9E9F092427EADCAEBEE" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e07b749-7497-4b4e-8168-2aca6a9543b2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1647349194074" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Block, Petra De" docDate="2022" docId="039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-801_1-99.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 801" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paracephaelis tiliacea Baill." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="FFABFFADFFC797035C021D07FF82686F" masterDocTitle="Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1733401495919" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="9D12E82725F0BD25695F5B41C91FFADC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E8FEB3A60F0D5E0BE35949329E5B6033">
<mods:title id="D7634752FC975AD9A7D8EB1BC52D151D">Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A4298F97D0BBF9CBC94B80A803E41CDB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="68EB069F0DC8E20A38CDAE2A5851DB2D">
<mods:roleTerm id="E609CFB208773425A45940BFB81C60D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3F37C7E1AEDF66421526E248C14EF14E">Block, Petra De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="33CC0F8AAE70E842D12BB6CA31097981">Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, BE- 1860 Meise, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A5EBE6CF4940C7EB5E7AF15FB9F6A95" type="email">petra.deblock@meisebotanicgarden.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8E772A559EC4F1DD1DE136E94E94715E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0E6766A9703C34616585C6DD9A33CE4D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BE85693DCC94F9784F46CCC3FDB7A663">
<mods:title id="A6608F5707E785A2DA344F62164981E3">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="03B713C59664E9489973ACA03E3D51A5">
<mods:date id="3E2C655F464A7AC03E2BD38EBF59C052">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9E1B335E38D4C3EFD0F465EB581448DF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E7FF7360BF7F41FC0AD53F05B90D8815">2022-03-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E5489B159CABD5FA594CF8194D348305" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7299C5CD679A0D955BFE249AB459289F">801</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="E2CA8474FD337B1616022AF1D52128E1" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6529A4BDF8162C499FEFD0AD509C584F">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A4C7527623EEF01DE312CB366EF23AA5">99</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="05EA9454C10A8318C97EE86851DEFBF3">
<mods:url id="BDD24BAB369DEAD659DAACBD56FB1396">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="80768CDB8343414E691696E3191808C7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A6F75C7B549BF082E77A92E06D0554A5" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="80C99B703020E7D051AE892B0B9F29FA" type="GBIF-Dataset">9e07b749-7497-4b4e-8168-2aca6a9543b2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F8FA328D8088A42879A860565813FF1F" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D7F85C64AC51FCADAEB73A2DD68E12BC" type="Zenodo-Dep">6358810</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358802" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196732174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" scope_family="Rubiaceae">
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF88974C5E731BEAFC416F68" box="[625,963,1773,1800]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF88974C5E731BEAFC416F68" blockId="79.[625,963,1773,1839]" box="[625,963,1773,1800]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF88974C5E731BEAFC416F68" box="[625,963,1773,1800]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FF88974C5E731BEAFC416F68" ID-CoL="4CP3B" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[625,963,1773,1800]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiliacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5E731BEAFCF96F67" bold="true" box="[625,891,1773,1800]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Paracephaelis tiliacea</emphasis>
Baill.
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF88974C5E941A13FC1F6F41" box="[662,925,1812,1839]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF88974C5E941A13FC1F6F41" blockId="79.[625,963,1773,1839]" box="[662,925,1812,1839]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<figureCitation id="13002A46FF88974C5E941A13FD746F41" box="[662,758,1812,1838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[189,231,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,265,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-12@2.[208,1379,265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Flowers, fruits and stipules of Paracephaelis Baill. A–D. Inflorescences. E–H. Fruits. I–J. Stipules. K–L. Infrutescences. A, E, I. P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block. B. P. pauciflora De Block sp. nov. C, G. P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block. D. P. sericea (Arènes) De Block. F. P. ranirisonii De Block sp. nov. H. P. tiliacea Baill. J–K. P. capitulifera De Block sp. nov. L. P. russata De Block sp. nov. Photographs: P. De Block (B–E, G, I–L); S. Dessein (A, H); L. Gautier (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358814/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Figs 1H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13002A46FF88974C5F001A13FCAB6F41" box="[770,809,1812,1838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1470,1496]" captionTargetBox="[207,1371,275,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[189,1398,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Overview of the placentation in Paracephaelis Baill. A–K. Abaxial views of placenta and ovules. A’. Adaxial view of placenta and ovules with zone of attachment of the placenta indicated. A–C. Typical placentation type of Paracephaelis, with many ovules arranged at the periphery of the placenta.D–E. Idem, with fewer ovules. F–H. Idem, but ovules restricted to the top of the placenta. I. Typical placentation type in P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block, P. comorensis De Block sp. nov. and P. trichantha (Baker) De Block. J–K. Idem, with fewer ovules. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From Perrier de la Bâthie 13452 (P. tiliacea Baill., A, A’); Pervillé 633 (P. tiliacea Baill., B); Capuron 23451-SF (P. longipedicellata De Block sp. nov., C); McPherson et al. 14875A (P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block, D); Gautier et al. 4188 (P. gautieri De Block sp. nov., E); De Block et al. 1280 (P. bardotiae De Block sp. nov., F); De Block et al. 1048 (P. russata De Block sp. nov., G–H); Capuron 23073-SF (P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block, I); Barthelat et al. 732 (P. comorensis De Block sp. nov., J); and Labat &amp; Pascal 2887 (P. comorensis De Block sp. nov., K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358820/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">2A</figureCitation>
, A’, B, 21
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF88974C5CBF1A5EFDE26FF4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF88974C5CBF1A5EFDE26FF4" blockId="79.[189,1399,1881,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<bibCitation id="5E113EAFFF88974C5CBF1A5EFDD86F1C" box="[189,602,1881,1907]" journal="Adansonia" page="316" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" score="9.729594737742866" volume="12" year="1879">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5CBF1A5EFEB96F1C" box="[189,315,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Adansonia</emphasis>
12: 316 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF88974C5DB21A5EFDD26F1C" author="Baillon H." box="[432,592,1881,1907]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="311 - 316" refId="ref65071" refString="Baillon H. 1879. Observations sur les Naucleees. Adansonia, ser. 1, 12: 311 - 316." type="journal article" year="1879">Baillon 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</bibCitation>
;
<bibCitation id="5E113EAFFF88974C5E651A5DFBEB6F1C" box="[615,1129,1881,1908]" journal="Histoire des Plantes" page="496" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" score="0.02721365495461083" volume="7" year="1880">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5E651A5DFCDB6F1C" box="[615,857,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Histoire des Plantes</emphasis>
7: 496 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF88974C5FBD1A5EFBE26F1C" author="Baillon H." box="[959,1120,1881,1907]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref65093" refString="Baillon H. 1880. Histoire des Plantes 7. Hachette, Paris." type="book" year="1880">Baillon 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</bibCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C58741A5EFAF46F1B" box="[1142,1398,1881,1908]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Notulae Systematicae</emphasis>
16: 9, pl. 1, 1–7 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF88974C5DB51A87FDD16FF4" author="Arenes J." box="[439,595,1920,1947]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="6 - 19" refId="ref64992" refString="Arenes J. 1960. A propos de quelques genres Malgaches de Rubiacees. Notulae Systematicae 16: 6 - 19." type="journal article" year="1960">Arènes 1960</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF8897535E641A87FB9E6B29" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF88974C5E641A87FDD16F86" blockId="79.[189,1399,1881,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5E641A87FD2F6FF5" bold="true" box="[614,685,1920,1946]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Type:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF88974C5EB71A87FB636FAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276786" collectingDate="1841-02-14" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Perville" country="Madagascar" location="Soalala District" municipality="Boeny Region" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCode="P00274300" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FF88974C5EB71A87FC0F6FF5" box="[693,909,1920,1946]" name="Madagascar" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5FAF1A87FE2E6FAE" bold="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF88974C5FAF1A87FB366FF5" box="[941,1204,1920,1946]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mahajanga Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FF88974C58C01A87FAF06FF5" box="[1218,1394,1920,1946]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Boeny Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE46018FF88974C5CE91AA0FE2E6FAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF88974C5CE91AA0FE2E6FAE" box="[235,428,1959,1985]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Boeny Region" name="Soalala District" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province">Soalala District</location>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EE46018FF88974C5DC61AA0FDBF6FAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF88974C5DC61AA0FDBF6FAE" box="[452,573,1959,1985]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Boeny Region" name="Ambongo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province">Ambongo</location>
;
<date id="FF851003FF88974C5E481AA0FD6A6FAE" box="[586,744,1959,1985]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1841-02-14">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF88974C5E481AA0FD6A6FAE" box="[586,744,1959,1985]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1841-02-14">14 Feb. 1841</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF88974C5F1B1AA0FC2B6FAE" box="[793,937,1959,1985]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF88974C5F1B1AA0FCF46FAE" box="[793,886,1959,1985]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Pervillé</collectorName>
633
</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus id="54808861FF88974C5FBB1AA0FBA66FAE" box="[953,1060,1959,1985]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF88974C58321AA0FBC36FAD" box="[1072,1089,1959,1986]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DB9D9EB8FF88974C584A1AA0FB546FAD" box="[1096,1238,1959,1986]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P00274300</specimenCode>
];
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF88974C58E81AA0FDD16F86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276786" collectingDate="1841-02-14" collectionCode="K, P" collectorName="Perville" country="Madagascar" location="Soalala District" municipality="Boeny Region" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCode="P00115282, P00274301" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="54808861FF88974C58E81AA0FACD6FAE" box="[1258,1359,1959,1985]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF88974C59581AAFFAF06FAD" box="[1370,1394,1960,1986]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF88974C5CE81AC9FF796F86" box="[234,251,1998,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DB9D9EB8FF88974C5D001AC9FE0D6F86" box="[258,399,1998,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P00115282</specimenCode>
],
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF88974C5DA31AC9FE306F86" box="[417,434,1998,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DB9D9EB8FF88974C5DBB1AC9FDC56F86" box="[441,583,1998,2025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P00274301</specimenCode>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9797535CBF1C0FFE59694D" blockId="80.[189,475,264,290]" box="[189,475,264,290]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9797535CBF1C0FFE59694D" bold="true" box="[189,475,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535CBF1C0FFE59694D" bold="true" box="[189,475,264,290]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Other material studied</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9797535CBF1C3FFB9E6B29" blockId="80.[189,1399,311,839]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535CBF1C3FFE226919" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276773" collectingDate="1906-01" collectorName="d'Alleizette" country="Madagascar" county="Boeny Region, Soalala District" location="Ambongo" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FF9797535CBF1C3FFE17693D" box="[189,405,312,338]" name="Madagascar" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535DB01C30FBC2693E" bold="true" box="[434,1088,311,338]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9797535DB01C30FD3A693E" box="[434,696,311,337]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mahajanga Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFF9797535EC71C3FFBC2693E" box="[709,1088,311,338]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Boeny Region, Soalala District</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EE46018FF97975358551C30FB52693E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF97975358551C30FB52693E" box="[1111,1232,311,337]" country="Madagascar" county="Boeny Region, Soalala District" name="Ambongo" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Mahajanga Province">Ambongo</location>
;
<date id="FF851003FF97975358D91C3FFACD693E" box="[1243,1359,311,338]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1906-01">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF97975358D91C3FFACD693E" box="[1243,1359,311,338]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1906-01">Jan. 1906</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535CBF1C5CFE03691A" box="[189,385,347,373]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535CBF1C5CFEC3691A" box="[189,321,347,373]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">d’Alleizette</collectorName>
1472
</emphasis>
; P
</materialsCitation>
. –
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535DBC1C5CFF6F69F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276669" collectingDate="1921-01" collectionCode="K, L, P" collectorName="Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" county="District" location="Majunga" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535DBC1C5CFD43691A" bold="true" box="[446,705,347,373]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9797535DBC1C5CFD43691A" box="[446,705,347,373]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mahajanga I District</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535ED41C5CFCC3691A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535ED41C5CFCC3691A" box="[726,833,347,373]" country="Madagascar" county="District" name="Majunga" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Majunga</location>
, dunes;
<date id="FF851003FF9797535F9F1C5BFB8C691A" box="[925,1038,347,374]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1921-01">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF9797535F9F1C5BFB8C691A" box="[925,1038,347,374]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1921-01">Jan. 1921</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF979753581B1C5BFACE691A" box="[1049,1356,347,373]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF979753581B1C5BFB7C691A" box="[1049,1278,347,373]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Perrier de la Bâthie</collectorName>
13452
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF97975359581C5BFAF06919" box="[1370,1394,348,374]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535CBF1C87FF5369F5" box="[189,209,384,410]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">L</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535CDE1C87FF6F69F5" box="[220,237,384,410]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">P</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. –
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535D0B1C78FD2569D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276486" collectingDate="1966-03-29" collectingDateMax="1966-03-31" collectingDateMin="1966-03-29" collectionCode="BR, P, TEF" collectorName="Capuron" country="Madagascar" county="Melaky Region, Antsalova District" location="foret de Tsimembo" municipality="d'Ambereny" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535D0B1C78FD2D69F6" bold="true" box="[265,687,383,409]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFF9797535D0B1C78FD2D69F6" box="[265,687,383,409]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Melaky Region, Antsalova District</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535EC41C78FC2369F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535EC41C78FC2369F6" box="[710,929,383,409]" country="Madagascar" county="Melaky Region, Antsalova District" municipality="d'Ambereny" name="foret de Tsimembo" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Mahajanga">forêt de Tsimembo</location>
,
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535FA81C87FB6A69F5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535FA81C87FB6A69F5" box="[938,1256,383,410]" country="Madagascar" county="Melaky Region, Antsalova District" municipality="d'Ambereny" name="E d'Ambereny (Antsalova)" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Mahajanga">E d’Ambereny (Antsalova)</location>
;
<date id="FF851003FF97975358F01C78FF7969D2" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1966-03-29" valueMax="1966-03-31" valueMin="1966-03-29">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF97975358F01C78FF7969D2" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1966-03-29" valueMax="1966-03-31" valueMin="1966-03-29">29–31 Mar. 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535D2E1CA4FD8C69D2" box="[300,526,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D2E1CA4FE1169D2" box="[300,403,419,445]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Capuron</collectorName>
24573-SF
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535E1D1CA4FDCB69D2" box="[543,585,419,445]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535E571CA4FDE769D2" box="[597,613,419,445]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535E731CA4FD2569D2" box="[625,679,419,445]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" name="Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rural" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">TEF</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. –
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535ECB1CA4FAF4698E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276557" collectingDate="1974-05-28" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Abraham" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" location="foret de Marosalaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara Province">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535ECB1CA4FAF469D2" bold="true" box="[713,1398,419,445]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9797535ECB1CA4FC1E69D2" box="[713,924,419,445]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Toliara Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E54E4FFF9797535FAB1CA4FAF469D2" box="[937,1398,419,445]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Menabe Region, Morondava District</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535CCD1CC0FE39698E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535CCD1CC0FE39698E" box="[207,443,455,481]" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" name="foret de Marosalaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara Province">forêt de Marosalaza</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535DC51CC1FD61698E" box="[455,739,454,481]" location="Morondava" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535DC51CC1FD92698E" box="[455,528,454,481]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
N de Morondava
</locationDeviation>
; 0 m a.s.l.;
<date id="FF851003FF9797535F6B1CC0FB8B698E" box="[873,1033,455,481]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1974-05-28">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF9797535F6B1CC0FB8B698E" box="[873,1033,455,481]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="1974-05-28">28 May 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF979753583A1CC0FB48698E" box="[1080,1226,455,481]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF979753583A1CC0FB27698E" box="[1080,1189,455,481]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Abraham</collectorName>
88
</emphasis>
, part A;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF97975359331CC0FAD9698E" box="[1329,1371,455,481]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
, P
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535CCD1CEDFBDD6A46" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276798" collectingDate="2018-02-21" collectionCode="BR, MO, TAN" collectorName="Atalahy &amp; Razafindrahaja &amp; Swenson &amp; Razafimandimbison" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" elevation="64" location="Kirindi forest" municipality="Kirindi forest" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FF9797535CCD1CEDFEF06A6B" box="[207,370,490,516]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kirindi forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535D7C1CEDFD726A6B" box="[382,752,490,517]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">along RN 8 to Belo-Tsiribihina</locationDeviation>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FF9797535EFE1CEDFCFA6A6B" box="[764,888,490,517]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="64.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535EFE1CEDFCBA6A6A" box="[764,824,490,517]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FF9797535F841CECFBA76A6A" box="[902,1061,490,517]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2018-02-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF9797535F841CECFBA76A6A" box="[902,1061,490,517]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2018-02-21">21 Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF97975358531CEDFDDF6A47" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF97975358531CEDFB2C6A6B" box="[1105,1198,490,516]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Atalahy</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF97975358B81CEDFAF06A6B" box="[1210,1394,490,516]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Razafindrahaja</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535CBF1F08FEA66A46" box="[189,292,527,553]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Swenson</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D451F09FDAC6A47" box="[327,558,526,552]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Razafimandimbison</collectorName>
111
</emphasis>
; BR n.v., MO n.v., P online, S n.v., TAN n.v
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF97975358781F09FC0F6A1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276533" collectingDate="2000-02-21" collectionCode="BR, K, P, TAN" collectorName="Davis &amp; Rakotonasolo &amp; Wilkin" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" elevation="20" location="foret de Kirindi (foret d'Andalandahalo)" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
<location id="8EE46018FF97975358781F09FE166A22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF97975358781F09FE166A22" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" name="foret de Kirindi (foret d'Andalandahalo)" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara">forêt de Kirindi (forêt d’Andalandahalo)</location>
,
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535D9D1F35FDD16A23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535D9D1F35FDD16A23" box="[415,595,562,588]" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" name="Pandanus walk" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara">Pandanus walk</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535E5D1F35FCD16A23" box="[607,851,562,588]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">by the river Kirindry</locationDeviation>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535F5D1F35FB086A23" box="[863,1162,562,589]" location="Morondava" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F5D1F35FC2B6A23" box="[863,937,562,589]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
NE of Morondava
</locationDeviation>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FF97975358941F35FA936A23" box="[1174,1297,562,588]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="20.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358941F35FB536A23" box="[1174,1233,562,588]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FF979753591D1F35FF796A1F" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2000-02-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF979753591D1F35FF796A1F" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2000-02-21">21 Feb. 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535D281F51FD526A1F" box="[298,720,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D281F51FEF36A00" box="[298,369,598,623]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Davis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D7F1F51FD9C6A1F" box="[381,542,598,624]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535E411F51FD0C6A1F" box="[579,654,598,624]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Wilkin</collectorName>
2580
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535EDD1F51FC8B6A1F" box="[735,777,598,624]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535F171F51FCAF6A1F" box="[789,813,598,624]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535F3A1F51FCCA6A1F" box="[824,840,598,624]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535F511F51FC0F6A1F" box="[851,909,598,624]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535FA41F51FD856AD8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276822" collectingDate="2000-02-22" collectionCode="BR, K, P, TAN" collectorName="Davis &amp; Rakotonasolo &amp; Wilkin" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" elevation="5" location="Tsimafana" municipality="Marofadilia" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535FA41F51FC906AFC" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
between Marofadilia and Tsimafana, on road to Belo, ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D7D1F7EFE5D6AFC" box="[383,479,633,660]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="68.5">68.5 km</quantity>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535DED1F7DFDAA6AFB" box="[495,552,634,660]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">GPS</collectionCode>
) NE of Morondava
</locationDeviation>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FF9797535F1C1F7EFC096AFC" box="[798,907,633,660]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="5.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F1C1F7EFCC96AFB" box="[798,843,633,660]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FF9797535F9B1F7DFBB56AFB" box="[921,1079,633,660]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2000-02-22">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF9797535F9B1F7DFBB56AFB" box="[921,1079,633,660]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2000-02-22">22 Feb. 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF97975358611F7DFECB6AD8" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF97975358611F7DFB286AFC" box="[1123,1194,634,659]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Davis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF97975358B51F7EFADA6AFC" box="[1207,1368,633,659]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535CBF1F9AFE8A6AD8" box="[189,264,669,695]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Wilkin</collectorName>
2585
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535D5B1F99FE016AD7" box="[345,387,670,696]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535D8D1F99FE256AD7" box="[399,423,670,696]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535DB01F99FE406AD7" box="[434,450,670,696]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535DCF1F9AFD856AD8" box="[461,519,669,695]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535E221F9AFB406AB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276729" collectingDate="2007-01-19" collectionCode="BR, MO, TAN" collectorName="De Block &amp; Rakotonasolo &amp; Groeninckx &amp; Dessein" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" elevation="89" location="Kirindi forest" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535E221F9AFD406AD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535E221F9AFD406AD8" box="[544,706,669,695]" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" name="Kirindi forest" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara">Kirindi forest</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535ECF1F99FB0C6AD7" box="[717,1166,669,696]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N part, piste vers le point de vue km 7</locationDeviation>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FF97975358991F9AFA946AD8" box="[1179,1302,669,696]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="89.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358991F9AFB556AD7" box="[1179,1239,669,696]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="89.0">89 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FF97975359211F9AFF7E6AB4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2007-01-19">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF97975359211F9AFF7E6AB4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2007-01-19">19 Jan. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535D2E1FC5FC386AB4" box="[300,954,705,731]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D2E1FC5FE1D6AB4" box="[300,415,705,731]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">De Block</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535DAF1FC6FDD76AB4" box="[429,597,705,731]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535E601FC6FD6E6AB4" box="[610,748,705,731]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Groeninckx</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535F141FC5FCF76AB4" box="[790,885,706,731]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Dessein</collectorName>
2172
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535FC91FC5FC746AB3" box="[971,1014,706,732]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
, K,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF979753582B1FC6FBDE6AB4" box="[1065,1116,705,731]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF97975358851FC6FB406AB4" box="[1159,1218,705,731]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF97975358DD1FC6FDDC6B4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276379" collectingDate="2007-01-20" collectionCode="BR, MO, TAN" collectorName="Groeninckx &amp; Rakotonasolo &amp; Dessein &amp; De Block" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" elevation="30" location="Lamboukily" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
<location id="8EE46018FF97975358DD1FC6FAF06AB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF97975358DD1FC6FAF06AB4" box="[1247,1394,705,731]" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" name="Lamboukily" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara">Lamboukily</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A362FE1FF9797535CBF1FE2FDE26A90" box="[189,608,741,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535CBF1FE2FE846A90" box="[189,262,741,767]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
of basement camp in Kirindi
</locationDeviation>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FF9797535E691FE2FD646A90" box="[619,742,741,767]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535E691FE2FD246A90" box="[619,678,741,767]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FF9797535EF11FE2FC096A90" box="[755,907,741,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2007-01-20">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF9797535EF11FE2FC096A90" box="[755,907,741,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2007-01-20">20 Jan. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
; fl;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535FB41FE2FEDE6B4C" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535FB41FE2FBC36A90" box="[950,1089,741,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Groeninckx</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF979753584E1FE2FB726A90" box="[1100,1264,741,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF97975358FE1FE1FADB6A90" box="[1276,1369,742,767]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Dessein</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535CBF1E0EFEA86B4D" box="[189,298,776,802]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">De Block</collectorName>
113
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535D6F1E0EFE156B4C" box="[365,407,777,803]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">BR</collectionCode>
, G,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535DCB1E0EFE796B4C" box="[457,507,777,803]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, P,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FF9797535E261E0EFDDC6B4C" box="[548,606,777,803]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFF9797535E7B1E0EFB9E6B29" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276637" collectingDate="2011-03-18" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Kainulainen &amp; Razafimandimbison &amp; Razafindraibe &amp; Wikstrom" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" location="Andranomena Reserve" municipality="Bemanonga" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
commune
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FF9797535EF71E0EFC066B4C" box="[757,900,777,803]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Bemanonga</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE46018FF9797535F8D1E0FFB1D6B4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FF8897515E731BEAFAF56E91:8EE46018FF9797535F8D1E0FFB1D6B4C" box="[911,1183,776,803]" country="Madagascar" county="Menabe Region, Morondava District" municipality="Bemanonga" name="Andranomena Reserve" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Toliara">Andranomena Reserve</location>
;
<date id="FF851003FF97975358AE1E0EFACC6B4C" box="[1196,1358,777,803]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2011-03-18">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFF97975358AE1E0EFACC6B4C" box="[1196,1358,777,803]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2011-03-18">18 Mar. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535CBF1E2BFC3D6B29" box="[189,959,812,839]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535CBF1E2BFED36B29" box="[189,337,812,838]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kainulainen</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535D5F1E2BFDCA6B29" box="[349,584,812,838]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Razafimandimbison</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535E511E2BFD7A6B29" box="[595,760,812,838]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Razafindraibe</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FF9797535F1F1E2BFC0E6B29" box="[797,908,812,838]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Wikström</collectorName>
167
</emphasis>
; BR, S.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9797525CBF1E69FD3E6905" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9797535CBF1E69FECC6BE7" blockId="80.[189,334,878,904]" box="[189,334,878,904]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9797535CBF1E69FECC6BE7" bold="true" box="[189,334,878,904]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535CBF1E69FECC6BE7" bold="true" box="[189,334,878,904]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9797525CBF1E9AFD3E6905" blockId="80.[187,1400,925,2025]" lastBlockId="81.[188,1398,265,362]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
Shrub,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D161E9AFEE26BD7" box="[276,352,925,952]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 m</quantity>
tall, or small tree,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535E451E9AFD116BD7" box="[583,659,925,952]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 m</quantity>
tall, dbh
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F051E99FCF16BD7" box="[775,883,926,952]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 cm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9797535F831E9AFB806BD8" box="[897,1026,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Terminalia</emphasis>
-branching pattern; pubescence reddish brown, tawny or whitish. Young shoots brown or reddish brown (because of pubescence), densely covered with long erect hairs; older branches greyish or greyish brown, glabrous. Leaves clustered at the end of long and short shoots, probably deciduous. Petioles
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F9D190EFC746C4C" box="[927,1014,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
long, densely covered with long erect hairs. Leaf blades broadly elliptic or broadly ovate, often orbiculate, 7–20 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535870192BFB586C28" box="[1138,1242,1068,1095]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, drying brown or greenish brown above and somewhat paler below, upper surface moderately to densely covered with short erect hairs (hairs denser and somewhat longer on midrib and secondary veins), lower surface densely covered with long erect hairs; base strongly cordate, cordate or unequally truncate; tip shortly acuminate, acumen
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F0C19BBFCFF6CB9" box="[782,893,1212,1238]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 mm</quantity>
long; domatia absent; 5–8 secondary veins on each side of midrib, impressed above, prominently raised below; higher order venation visible or inconspicuous above, visible below. Stipules caducous, triangular with short needle-like awn, keeled; outer surface of youngest stipule pairs densely covered with long erect hairs, inner surface glabrous with row of colleters interspaced with long hairs at the base; sheath
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535FD8184CFBB86D0A" box="[986,1082,1355,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
long; awn
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358BF184DFAB66D0A" box="[1213,1332,1354,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 mm</quantity>
long. Inflorescences terminal on short lateral shoots with leaves fallen, later becoming pseudo-axillary, sessile, compact, 1–7 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D711895FE496DC2" box="[371,459,1426,1453]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 cm</quantity>
, with numerous flowers; inflorescence parts densely covered with long erect hairs; first order axes
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D7618B1FE7A6DBF" box="[372,504,1462,1489]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 cm</quantity>
long; second order bracts with stipular parts broadly triangular, up to
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF979753593018B1FAF56DBF" box="[1330,1399,1462,1488]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
high, and foliar parts trilobed, consisting of a basal sheath
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F7718DEFC6F6D9B" box="[885,1005,1497,1524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, topped by triangular lobes, central lobe
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D4D18FAFE2D6E77" box="[335,431,1533,1560]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 mm</quantity>
long, lateral lobes
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535E8C18FAFD726E77" box="[654,752,1533,1560]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
long; higher order bracts with stipular parts reduced or absent, foliar parts triangular and vaulted,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535EAD1B26FC936E53" box="[687,785,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long, or trilobed with central lobe up to
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358ED1B26FAB16E53" box="[1263,1331,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long; bracteoles on pedicel just below ovary, opposite, stipular parts absent, foliar parts narrowly triangular,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535CBC1B6EFEA26EEC" box="[190,288,1641,1667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long, tips acute. Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, pedicels
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF979753581C1B6EFB036EEC" box="[1054,1153,1641,1667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2 mm</quantity>
long. Calyx densely covered with ± long erect hairs outside, inner surface densely covered with long appressed hairs; tube
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535CBF1BB7FECE6EA4" box="[189,332,1712,1739]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
long; lobes triangular, (1.5–)
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535EA71BB7FCA36EA4" box="[677,801,1712,1739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.0">2–3.5 mm</quantity>
long, tips acute. Corolla tube
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358891BB7FB6F6EA4" box="[1163,1261,1712,1739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
long, inner surface sparsely covered with appressed hairs over entire length; lobes
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535FF61BD3FBE86E80" box="[1012,1130,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5 mm</quantity>
long. Anthers ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975359361BD3FAF56E80" box="[1332,1399,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long, basal part (ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D991BFFFE5E6F7D" box="[411,476,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long) often included in corolla tube at anthesis; filaments ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF97975358921BFFFB656F7D" box="[1168,1255,1784,1811]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long. Ovary
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535CBF1A1BFE9D6F59" box="[189,287,1820,1846]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long, densely covered with ± long erect hairs; per locule 4–10 ovules arranged at periphery of placenta attached to upper half of septum, rarely with some ovules on abaxial surface of placenta. Style and stigma
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D401A64FE3D6F11" box="[322,447,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="14.0">14–18 mm</quantity>
long, exserted for
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535E941A64FD7B6F11" box="[662,761,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
; style moderately covered with long upwardly directed hairs from ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535D5E1A80FE376FCE" box="[348,437,1927,1954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
from base to just below papillate zone; stigmatic lobes
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF979753583B1A80FB1B6FCE" box="[1081,1177,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
long. Fruits ovoid, faintly ribbed longitudinally (when dried), ca 7 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535F0E1AADFCD66FAA" box="[780,852,1962,1989]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
, densely covered with ± long erect hairs; fruit wall thin, with sclerified vascular bundles; pyrenes hemi-ovoid, ca 5 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9797535FF61AC9FBB86F86" box="[1012,1082,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, crustaceous, with rounded base, acute tip, small adaxial opening somewhat above the middle and longitudinal central ridge running from the apex to the top of the adaxial opening and continuing into a longitudinal depression below it. Seeds 1–2(–6) per fruit, 3–3.5 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9697525E3F1C48FD356905" box="[573,695,335,362]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF44664BFF9697525CBF1A8FFC696F87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358864/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" startId="81.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[221,1396,424,1876]" targetPageId="81">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9697525CBF1A8FFC696F87" blockId="81.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525CBF1A8FFE9E6FCD" bold="true" box="[189,284,1928,1954]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FF9697525D261A8FFCA16FCD" authority="Baill. A. Flowering" box="[292,803,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiliacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525D261A8FFDB06FCD" box="[292,562,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Paracephaelis tiliacea</emphasis>
Baill.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525E811A8FFD1A6FCD" bold="true" box="[643,664,1928,1954]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">A</emphasis>
. Flowering
</taxonomicName>
branch.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525F8E1A8FFC226FCD" bold="true" box="[908,928,1928,1954]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">B</emphasis>
. Branch bearing young infructescence.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525CBF1AACFF506FAA" bold="true" box="[189,210,1963,1989]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">C</emphasis>
. Stipule.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525D521AACFEE76FAA" bold="true" box="[336,357,1963,1989]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">D</emphasis>
. Bracteole, ovary and calyx.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525EDC1AACFD706FAA" bold="true" box="[734,754,1963,1989]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">E</emphasis>
. Corolla, stamens, style and stigma. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525DB31AC8FDFB6F87" box="[433,633,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Davis et al. 2585</emphasis>
(A, C–E) and
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9697525F271AC9FC376F87" box="[805,949,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Pervillé 633</emphasis>
(B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9597515CBF1C0FFAC469F0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1C0FFED4694D" blockId="82.[189,342,264,290]" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9597515CBF1C0FFED4694D" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515CBF1C0FFED4694D" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1C3DFAC469F0" blockId="82.[187,1399,314,416]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Restricted to western
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FF9597515DBC1C3DFDCC693B" box="[446,590,314,340]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Recent material is only known from the region of Kirindy Forest in Morondava. Present in: Soalala and
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9597515E5B1C58FD586916" box="[601,730,351,377]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
I Districts, Boeny Region, and Antsalova District, Melaky Region (
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9597515D1D1C82FD9B69CF" box="[287,537,389,416]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Mahajanga Province</collectingRegion>
); Morondava District, Menabe Region (
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FF9597515FE91C82FB3169CF" box="[1003,1203,389,416]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Toliara Province</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13002A46FF95975158C91C82FABA69F0" box="[1227,1336,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="88.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[390,1182,270,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-11@88.[363,1224,265,1712]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution maps of Malagasy species of Paracephaelis. A. P. aristata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. bardotiae De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. capitulifera De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. gautieri De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. grandifructa De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). B. P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block (black dot). C. P. longipedicellata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. orientalis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. pauciflora De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. ranirisonii De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. seyrigii De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). D. P. russata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. sambavensis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block (green dot), P. sericea (Arènes) De Block (red dot), and P. tiliacea Baill. (yellow dot)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358868/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 23D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9597515CBF1CCEFE476A55" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1CCEFE5E698C" blockId="82.[189,476,457,483]" box="[189,476,457,483]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9597515CBF1CCEFE5E698C" bold="true" box="[189,476,457,483]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515CBF1CCEFE5E698C" bold="true" box="[189,476,457,483]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Habitat and phenology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1CFDFE476A55" blockId="82.[189,1398,506,570]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Low-elevation dry deciduous forest; on white sand or laterite; elev.
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9597515FC21CFDFBAA6A7A" box="[960,1064,506,533]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="m" value="325.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="0.0">
0–
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFF9597515FDE1CFDFBAA6A7A" box="[988,1064,506,533]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="generic">650 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Flowers: January–February; Fruits: February–May.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9597515CBF1F63FE5C6ADF" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1F63FE166A11" blockId="82.[189,404,612,638]" box="[189,404,612,638]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9597515CBF1F63FE166A11" bold="true" box="[189,404,612,638]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515CBF1F63FE166A11" bold="true" box="[189,404,612,638]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Vernacular name</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1F92FE5C6ADF" blockId="82.[189,478,661,688]" box="[189,478,661,688]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Papolany (
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515D391F92FE4F6AC0" box="[315,461,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Abraham 88</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9597515CBF1FDEFE466D9D" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1FDEFDAF6A9C" blockId="82.[189,557,729,755]" box="[189,557,729,755]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9597515CBF1FDEFDAF6A9C" bold="true" box="[189,557,729,755]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515CBF1FDEFDAF6A9C" bold="true" box="[189,557,729,755]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Provisional IUCN assessment</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1E0DFE466D9D" blockId="82.[187,1400,778,1522]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Endangered: EN B2ab(iii). This assessment is based on 11 collections with detailed locality data, collected between 1841 and 2018. Using GeoCAT, the EOO of
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515F2A1E36FCF16B25" box="[808,883,816,842]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">P. tilia</emphasis>
is estimated to be 39
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF95975158691E37FB406B25" box="[1131,1218,816,843]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="km" value="353.0">353 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4E9B8BFF95975158C11E28FB4E6B52" attach="right" box="[1219,1228,815,829]" fontSize="6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">2</superScript>
, far exceeding the upper limit of any threat category under criterion B1. However, this seems to be an overestimation since it includes a large inland region, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FF9597515F021E7BFCF56BFA" box="[768,887,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiliacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515F021E7BFCF56BFA" box="[768,887,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">P. tiliacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
typically occurs less than
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF95975158B81E7CFA846BFA" box="[1210,1286,891,918]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
from the coast. The AOO is
<quantity id="4CC39B26FF9597515D951EA6FE5C6BD4" box="[407,478,929,955]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4E9B8BFF9597515DDC1EA6FE656BC0" attach="left" box="[478,487,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">2</superScript>
, which complies with the Endangered category under criterion B2. The species occurs in 4 locations, which complies with the Endangered category under subcriterion ‘a’ of criterion B2. Most specimens are collected from the Menabe-Antimena Protected Area, and more specifically from Kirindi Forest (1 location). A second location is in the protected area of Tsimembo Manambolomaty. From the other two locations (Majunga and Ambongo), no specimens were collected after 1921. The dry deciduous forests in western
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FF9597515E451959FD576C17" box="[583,725,1118,1144]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
are being destroyed at a more rapid pace than any other Malagasy forest
<typeStatus id="54808861FF9597515D821983FE316CF1" box="[384,435,1156,1182]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515DC31983FD2D6CF1" author="Moat J. &amp; Smith P." box="[449,687,1156,1182]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="1432 - 1437" refId="ref69433" refString="Moat J. &amp; Smith P. 2007. Atlas of the Vegetation of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Nicoll M. E. 2003. Forests outside protected areas. In: Goodman S. M. &amp; Benstead J. P. (eds) The Natural History of Madagascar: 1432 - 1437. University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London." type="book chapter" year="2007">Moat &amp; Smith 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Clearing for subsistence farming, bushfires, and logging for wood and for the production of charcoal are the main threats (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515F9919ADFB0D6CAB" author="Moat J. &amp; Smith P." box="[923,1167,1194,1220]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="1432 - 1437" refId="ref69433" refString="Moat J. &amp; Smith P. 2007. Atlas of the Vegetation of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Nicoll M. E. 2003. Forests outside protected areas. In: Goodman S. M. &amp; Benstead J. P. (eds) The Natural History of Madagascar: 1432 - 1437. University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London." type="book chapter" year="2007">Moat &amp; Smith 2007</bibRefCitation>
). These threats also affect the two protected areas, Menabe-Antimena and Tsimembo Manambolomaty (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF959751588619C8FA856C85" author="Filou E." box="[1156,1287,1231,1258]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref67663" refString="Filou E. 2019. Illegal corn farming menaces a Madagascar protected area. Available from https: // news. mongabay. com / 2019 / 02 / illegal-corn-farming-menaces-a-madagascar-protected-area / [accessed 1 Sep. 2020]." type="url" year="2019">Filou 2019</bibRefCitation>
; BirdLife
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515CBF19F2FE256D60" author="International" box="[189,423,1269,1295]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref65360" refString="BirdLife International 2020 c. Important bird areas factsheet: Manambolomaty wetland complex and Tsimembo Classified Forest. Available from http: // www. birdlife. org [accessed 1 Sep. 2020]." type="url" year="2020">International 2020c</bibRefCitation>
). Another important factor in the Menabe-Antimena Protected Area is the clearance of forest for the production of the cash crop corn. Rates of deforestation in the region are unprecedented with predictions that more than 80% of the forest in the Menabe-Antimena region could be cleared by 2025 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515D041861FE4F6DEF" author="Vieilledent G. &amp; Grinand C. &amp; Pedrono M. &amp; Rabetrano T. &amp; Rakotoarijaona J. - R. &amp; Rakotoarivelo B. &amp; Rakotomalala F. A. &amp; Razafimpahanana D." box="[262,461,1382,1408]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref71356" refString="Vieilledent G., Grinand C., Pedrono M., Rabetrano T., Rakotoarijaona J. - R., Rakotoarivelo B., Rakotomalala F. A. &amp; Razafimpahanana D. 2016. Deforestation Process in the Dry Forests of the Menabe Region, Western Madagascar - Mission report. Available from bioscenemada. cirad. fr [accessed 1 Sep. 2020]." type="book" year="2016">Vieilledent 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515DDA1861FDD96DEE" author="Filou E." box="[472,603,1382,1409]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref67663" refString="Filou E. 2019. Illegal corn farming menaces a Madagascar protected area. Available from https: // news. mongabay. com / 2019 / 02 / illegal-corn-farming-menaces-a-madagascar-protected-area / [accessed 1 Sep. 2020]." type="url" year="2019">Filou 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FF9597515E641861FCCA6DEE" author="Hudson M. &amp; Andrianandrasana H. &amp; Lewis R. &amp; Gerrie R. &amp; Concannon L." box="[614,840,1382,1409]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref69000" refString="Hudson M., Andrianandrasana H., Lewis R., Gerrie R. &amp; Concannon L. 2020. Unprecedented rates of deforestation in Menabe Antimena: Can we halt this catastrophic damage? Available from https: // www. documentcloud. org / documents / 5744009 - Durrell- 2018 - Unprecedented-rates-of. html [accessed 1 Sep. 2020]." type="url" year="2020">
Hudson
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515ECA1860FC806DEF" box="[712,770,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). The main threat to
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FF95975158371860FB2A6DEF" box="[1077,1192,1382,1408]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tiliacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF95975158371860FB2A6DEF" box="[1077,1192,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">P. tiliacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the destruction of its habitat for the above-mentioned factors and a reduction in the extent and quality of its habitat is inferred. This, in combination with the low AOO and the low number of locations, qualifies the species for Endangered status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FF9597515CBF1B1BFAF56E91" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1B1BFF7A6E59" blockId="82.[189,248,1564,1590]" box="[189,248,1564,1590]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFF9597515CBF1B1BFF7A6E59" bold="true" box="[189,248,1564,1590]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515CBF1B1BFF7A6E59" bold="true" box="[189,248,1564,1590]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Note</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FF9597515CBF1B4AFAF56E91" blockId="82.[187,1400,1613,1791]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Fruit and seed characters are based on a single fruiting specimen,
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FF9597515FAF1B4AFBBE6E08" box="[941,1084,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Abraham 88</emphasis>
, from which
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFF95975158D71B49FAF56E08" box="[1237,1399,1613,1640]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="immature">two immature</specimenCount>
fruits were studied. In one fruit, each of the two pyrenes enclosed a single developing seed and several aborted ones, resulting in two potentially viable seeds. In the other fruit, the two pyrenes developed, but one of these only contained aborted seeds, resulting in a single viable seed. It is presumed here that more seeds can develop within a single fruit. The fruit size given is the size of the boiled immature fruits.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink