treatments-xml/data/03/92/87/039287A19575FF92CFF75A9AFDE92412.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

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<mods:title id="2A8A8AAE078B98A582431C22D490DE7C">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CFF75A9AFD9020DE" ID-CoL="3BM7L" ID-ENA="335012" authority="(Gunther, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[151,617,150,177]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Etmopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF75A9AFE5C20DE" bold="true" box="[151,421,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etmopterus granulosus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CED55A9BFD9920DF" bold="true" box="[437,608,150,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Günther, 1880</emphasis>
)
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF75AB6FE6E20BA" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,407,187,213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Southern Lanternshark</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF75AD2FD1B2172" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CFF75AD2FE9E2096" authorityName=": Norman" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,359,223,249]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Spinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF75AD2FE9E2096" box="[151,359,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spinax granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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G̹nther, 1880: 19, fig. C, pl. 2.
<typeStatus id="548088159575FF92CDBD5AD2FCB32096" box="[733,842,223,249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9575FF92CC355AD2FBF82096" box="[853,1025,222,249]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH 1879.5</specimenCode>
.14.460. Type locality:
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coast of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACCD9575FF92CE455B0EFE362172" box="[293,463,259,285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South America</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E54E3B9575FF92CEBA5B0EFD532172" box="[474,682,259,285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CEBA5B0EFDA12172" box="[474,600,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Challenger</emphasis>
station
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305.
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF75B2AFEB22252" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF75B2AFEA3212E" bold="true" box="[151,346,295,321]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CE0A5B2AFC9A212E" authority=": Gilchrist, 1922 b: 49" authorityName="Gilchrist" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1922" box="[362,867,295,321]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Etmopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CE0A5B2AFD96212E" box="[362,623,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etmopterus granulosus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CD1E5B2AFC9A212E" author="Gilchrist" box="[638,867,295,321]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="49" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="41 - 79" refId="ref102709" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. (1922 b) Deep-sea fishes procured by the S. A. &quot; Pickle &quot; (Part I.). Special Report (3), Report of the Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa, 2, 41 - 79." type="journal article" year="1922" yearSuffix="b">Gilchrist, 1922b: 49</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CC0F5B2AFBC7212E" author="Barnard" box="[879,1086,294,321]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="49" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 49</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 8, pl. 2;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CBB45B2AFA6E212E" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1236,1431,294,321]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 58</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 50;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CE7D5B46FD78210A" author="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" box="[285,641,330,357]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="55" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref93762" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. (1957) A study of the sharks of the suborder Squaloidea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 117 (1), 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1957">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1957: 55</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CDED5B46FCB8210A" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[653,833,330,357]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 58</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 50;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CCC35B46FB65210A" author="Compagno" box="[931,1180,331,357]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="77" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="ref95434" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 a) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 250." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">Compagno, 1984a: 77</bibRefCitation>
, fig.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CBBC5B46FF1B21E6" author="Bass, A. J. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V." editor="Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C." journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, Johannesburg" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="104 - 105" refId="ref93292" refString="Bass, A. J. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105." title="Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Smith's Sea Fishes" year="1986">
Bass
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CA785B46FAB1210A" box="[1304,1352,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 1986: 55
</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559575FF92CF915B62FED521E6" box="[241,300,367,393]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cape</collectingRegion>
Point);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CEE85B62FD4E21E6" author="Compagno" box="[392,695,367,393]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="28" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CD6A5B62FDC521E6" box="[522,572,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 28
</bibRefCitation>
, pl.; Straube
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CC2D5B62FC8621E6" box="[845,895,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2011a: 138;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CB405B62FB2821E6" author="Ebert D. A." box="[1056,1233,367,393]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref98340" refString="Ebert D. A. (2013) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 1. Sharks. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 8. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome, 256 pp." type="book" year="2013">Ebert, 2013: 84</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 117;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CA245B62FED521C2" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Fowler, S. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref99433" refString="Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp." type="book" year="2013">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CAE85B62FF2521C2" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
a: 132, fig., pl. 9; Ebert &amp; Mostada, 2013: 31, fig.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CC395B9EFBFE21C2" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[857,1031,402,429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref98428" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2015) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 9. FAO, Rome, 251 pp." type="book" year="2015">Ebert, 2015: 78</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 91; Ebert &amp; Mostada, 2015: 25, fig.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CF9A5BBAFDB921BE" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[250,576,438,465]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="144" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 144</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CD2B5BBAFCB721BE" author="Straube, N. &amp; Leslie, R. W. &amp; Clerkin, P. J. &amp; Ebert, D. A. &amp; Rochel, E. &amp; Corrigan, S. L. &amp; Chenhong, L. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P." box="[587,846,438,465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="11 - 17" refId="ref116744" refString="Straube, N., Leslie, R. W., Clerkin, P. J., Ebert, D. A., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S. L., Chenhong, L. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (2015) On the occurrence of the southern lanternshark, Etmopteus granulosus, off South Africa, with comments on the validity of E. compagnoi. Deepsea Research II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 115, 11 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.04.004" type="journal article" year="2015">
Straube
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CDC75BBAFD2E21BE" box="[679,727,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 11
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CC395BBAFBAB21BE" author="Weigmann, S." box="[857,1106,438,465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 895</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CB3D5BBAFED0219A" authority=": Norman, 1935: 37" authorityName=": Norman" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1935" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Spinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CB3D5BBAFAD221BE" box="[1117,1323,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spinax granulosus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69575FF92CA595BBAFED0219A" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CA595BBAFED0219A" author="Norman" firstAuthor="Norman" page="37" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935: 37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(SW of
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559575FF92CEE95BD6FE3A219A" box="[393,451,475,501]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cape</collectingRegion>
Town,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50709575FF92CD765BD6FD89219A" box="[534,624,475,501]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-34.133335">34°08'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50709575FF92CD1D5BD6FD23219A" box="[637,730,475,501]" degrees="17" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="17.55">17°33'E</geoCoordinate>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CD8D5BD6FAAD219A" authority=": Compagno et al., 1991: 63" authorityName="Compagno" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1991" box="[749,1364,475,501]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Etmopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CD8D5BD6FC97219B" box="[749,878,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etmopterus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CCFA5BD6FBEF219A" box="[922,1046,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">granulosus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CB455BD6FAAD219A" author="Compagno" box="[1061,1364,475,501]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="63" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="43 - 139" refId="ref96066" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664" type="journal article" year="1991">
Compagno
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF759A3FB4F23A6" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,1206,942,969]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF759A3FE3D23A7" bold="true" box="[151,452,942,968]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279575FF92CFF759A3FED623A7" box="[151,303,942,968]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa</collectingCountry>
distribution
</emphasis>
: West coast from
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559575FF92CDEE59A2FD3123A6" box="[654,712,943,969]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cape</collectingRegion>
Columbine (WC) to about Algoa Bay (EC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9575FF92CFF759DEFDE92412" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF759DEFD682436" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF759DEFEFD2382" bold="true" box="[151,260,979,1005]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
: The taxonomic history of this species off
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279575FF92CD8159DEFC882382" box="[737,881,979,1005]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, like most members of this genus, has been rather convoluted, although
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469575FF92CEA059FAFD49247E" author="Straube, N. &amp; Leslie, R. W. &amp; Clerkin, P. J. &amp; Ebert, D. A. &amp; Rochel, E. &amp; Corrigan, S. L. &amp; Chenhong, L. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P." box="[448,688,1014,1041]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="11 - 17" refId="ref116744" refString="Straube, N., Leslie, R. W., Clerkin, P. J., Ebert, D. A., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S. L., Chenhong, L. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (2015) On the occurrence of the southern lanternshark, Etmopteus granulosus, off South Africa, with comments on the validity of E. compagnoi. Deepsea Research II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 115, 11 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.04.004" type="journal article" year="2015">
Straube
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CD7F59FAFDAD247E" box="[543,596,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. (2015)
</bibRefCitation>
clarified the name status of this species.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349575FF92CBF459FAFA65247E" box="[1172,1436,1015,1041]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Etmopteridae" genus="Etmopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CBF459FAFA65247E" box="[1172,1436,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etmopterus granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the most common lanternsharks off the South African west coast. It is wide-ranging throughout the Southern Hemisphere at higher latitudes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79575FF92CFF75E6FFDE92412" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[151,528,1122,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59575FF92CFF75E6FFE7D2412" bold="true" box="[151,388,1122,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Conservation status</emphasis>
: LC (2018).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>