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<mods:title id="8CAB853A64092D4359859B9768ADCA43">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="106C043FAFF8F004A62EB0C1CC9BC60D">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3848F83FCEAB40C601402DB264BE7C22">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="484B9493E4561AA6BDB6D87FE3BE7CB5">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039287A19537FFD0CFF759A4FDE926B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4697766" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181007000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4697766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19537FFD0CFF759A4FDE926B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19537FFD0CFF759A4FDE926B4" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF759A4FD6523AC" box="[151,668,937,964]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF759A4FD6523AC" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" box="[151,668,937,964]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="D0CC81DB9537FFD0CFF759A4FD6523AC" bold="true" box="[151,668,937,964]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CFF759A4FD6523AC" ID-CoL="4Q2NB" ID-ENA="651723" authority="(Bonaparte, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[151,668,937,964]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pteroplatytrygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF759A4FD6523AC" bold="true" box="[151,668,937,964]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF759A4FE4723AB" bold="true" box="[151,446,937,964]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Pteroplatytrygon violacea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CEAE59A4FD6D23AC" author="Bonaparte" box="[462,660,937,963]" firstAuthor="Bonaparte" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref94176" refString="Bonaparte, C. L. (1832) Iconografia delle fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati, Roma, Tomo III, Pesci., Fasc. 1, puntata 1 - 6, 2 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 70395" type="book chapter" year="1832">Bonaparte, 1832</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF759C0FEA92388" box="[151,336,973,999]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF759C0FEA92388" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" box="[151,336,973,999]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Pelagic Stingray</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF759FFFEC72520" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF759FFFD262440" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CFF759FFFCDE2463" box="[151,807,1009,1036]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CFF759FFFDEA2464" ID-CoL="7CYBM" authority="Bonaparte, 1832" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1832" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[151,531,1009,1036]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Trygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF759FFFEB42464" box="[151,333,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Trygon violacea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CE3559FFFDEA2464" author="Bonaparte" box="[341,531,1009,1036]" firstAuthor="Bonaparte" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref94176" refString="Bonaparte, C. L. (1832) Iconografia delle fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati, Roma, Tomo III, Pesci., Fasc. 1, puntata 1 - 6, 2 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 70395" type="book chapter" year="1832">Bonaparte, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: fasc. 1, punt. 6, Pl. 155
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="548088159537FFD0CC5359FCFC672464" box="[819,926,1009,1035]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9537FFD0CCC859FCFBDA2463" box="[936,1059,1009,1036]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">ANSP 385</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9537FFD0CB4D59FCFB512464" box="[1069,1192,1009,1035]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">ANSP 386</specimenCode>
,?NMW 91239 (dry). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CE075E18FE622440" box="[359,411,1045,1071]" name="Italy" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EE4606C9537FFD0CEC75E1BFD222440" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19537FFD0CFF759A4FDE926B4:8EE4606C9537FFD0CEC75E1BFD222440" box="[423,731,1045,1072]" country="Italy" name="western Mediterranean Sea" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">western Mediterranean Sea</location>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF75E34FEC72520" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF75E34FEA2243C" bold="true" box="[151,347,1081,1107]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CE0C5E37FDD3243C" ID-CoL="7CYBQ" authority=": Smith" authorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[364,554,1082,1107]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Trygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CE0C5E37FDD3243C" box="[364,554,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Trygon purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CD5A5E34FB99243B" box="[570,1120,1081,1108]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
Smith [A.]
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CDDB5E37FD28243C" box="[699,721,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">in</emphasis>
M̹ller &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CC2C5E34FBEB243C" author="Henle" box="[844,1042,1081,1107]" firstAuthor="Henle" page="160" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="103 - 200" refId="ref110052" refString="M ʾ ller, J. &amp; Henle, F. G. J. (1841) s. n. In: Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Plagiostomen, Berlin, pp. 103 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1841">Henle, 1841: 160</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 52
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="548088159537FFD0CB105E34FB5B243C" box="[1136,1186,1081,1107]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CA665E34FA61243C" box="[1286,1432,1081,1107]" name="South Africa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, no known
<typeStatus id="548088159537FFD0CE5D5E53FE852417" box="[317,380,1118,1144]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">types</typeStatus>
; based on drawing by A. Smith [BMNH]);
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CC045E50FBD62417" box="[868,1071,1117,1144]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CC045E50FBD62417" author="Bleeker, P." box="[868,1071,1117,1144]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neerlandicae" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 14" part="8" refId="ref94042" refString="Bleeker, P. (1860 a) Elfde bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Amboina. Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neerlandicae, 8 (5), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 144153" title="Elfde bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Amboina" type="journal article" year="1860">Bleeker, 1860: 58</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CB5C5E50FAD82418" author="Gilchrist" box="[1084,1313,1117,1143]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="169" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="97 - 179" refId="ref102454" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. (1902) Catalogue of fishes recorded from South Africa. Cape of Good Hope, Department of Agriculture, Marine Investigations in South Africa, 1, 97 - 179." type="journal article" year="1902">Gilchrist, 1902: 169</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CA4C5E50FED424F4" authority=": Thompson, 1914: 163" authorityName="Thompson" authorityPageNumber="163" authorityYear="1914" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasybatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CA4C5E50FED424F4" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dasybatis purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CE215E8CFDBC24F4" box="[321,581,1153,1179]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CE215E8CFDBC24F4" author="Thompson, W. W." box="[321,581,1153,1179]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="132 - 167" refId="ref117072" refString="Thompson, W. W. (1914) Catalogue of the fishes of the Cape Province (Pt 1). Marine Biological Report, Cape Town, 2 (8), 132 - 167." type="journal article" year="1914">Thompson, 1914: 163</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CD365E8FFC3D24F4" box="[598,964,1153,1180]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CD365E8FFC3D24F4" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[598,964,1153,1180]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 16</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CCB65E8CFB5724F4" author="Barnard" box="[982,1198,1153,1180]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="79" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 79</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CBA05E8CFA6124F4" author="Barnard" box="[1216,1432,1153,1180]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="27" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref92752" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1959) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp." type="book" year="1959">Barnard, 1959: 27</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CFA65EABFD8624D0" ID-CoL="347D6" authority=": Barnard, 1934: 229" authorityName="Barnard" authorityPageNumber="229" authorityYear="1934" box="[198,639,1189,1216]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFA65EABFE6C24D0" box="[198,405,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dasyatis purpurea</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CEC45EA8FD8624D0" author="Barnard" box="[420,639,1189,1215]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="229" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="230 - 235" refId="ref92528" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1934) New records and descriptions of two new species of South African marine fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 13 (15), 230 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654806" type="journal article" year="1934">Barnard, 1934: 229</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CDE95EABFBCD24D0" ID-CoL="347D5" authority=": Smith, 1949 a: 71" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1949" box="[649,1076,1189,1216]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CDE95EABFC9A24D0" box="[649,867,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dasyatis purpureus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CC125EA8FBCD24D0" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[882,1076,1189,1215]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 71</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CB5F5EA8FAF824D0" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1087,1281,1189,1215]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref115467" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1961 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 4 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., Cape Town, 580 pp." type="book" year="1961">Smith, 1961a: 71</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CA6C5EA8FF1C248C" author="Smith, J. L. B." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 71</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CF935EC7FCB2248B" ID-CoL="347DS" authority=": Compagno &amp; Heemstra, 1984: 5" authorityName="Compagno &amp; Heemstra" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1984" box="[243,843,1225,1252]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CF935EC7FE47248C" box="[243,446,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dasyatis violacea</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CEB05EC4FCB2248B" author="Compagno &amp; Heemstra" box="[464,843,1225,1252]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="5" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref95933" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (1984) Himantura draco, a new species of stingray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from South Africa, with a key to the Dasyatidae and the first record of Dasyatis kuhlii (M ʾ ller &amp; Henle, 1841) from southern Africa. J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 33, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1984">Compagno &amp; Heemstra, 1984: 5</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CC3B5EC4FBA4248C" author="Compagno" box="[859,1117,1225,1251]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="137" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref95556" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1986">Compagno, 1986: 137</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 30.5.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CBBE5EC4FD802568" ID-CoL="4Q2NB" authority=": Compagno et al., 1989: 104" authorityName="Compagno" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1989" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pteroplatytrygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CBBE5EC4FEDC2568" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Pteroplatytrygon violacea</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CE565EE0FD802568" author="Compagno" box="[310,633,1261,1288]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="104" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CEDA5EE3FE142568" box="[442,493,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 104
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CDD65EE0FC832568" author="NPOA" box="[694,890,1261,1287]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="61" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 61</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CCE85EE0FB562567" author="Ebert &amp; Dando" box="[904,1199,1261,1288]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="95" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref99385" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome &amp; Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp." type="book" year="2014">Ebert &amp; Dando, 2014: 95</bibRefCitation>
, fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69537FFD0CB945EE0FEC02544" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CB945EE0FEC02544" author="da Silva" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="246" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
da Silva
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CA3B5EE3FA772568" box="[1371,1422,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 246
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CE255F1CFD742544" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[325,653,1297,1324]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CDF85F1FFC6F2543" author="Last" box="[664,918,1297,1324]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="356" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="345 - 368" refId="ref107497" refString="Last, P. R., Naylor, G. J. P. &amp; Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M. (2016 h) A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa, 4139 (3), 345 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4139.3.2" type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="h">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CDAF5F1FFCF92544" box="[719,768,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 2016h: 356
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CCC15F1FFB612544" author="Last" box="[929,1176,1297,1324]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="604" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="522 - 618" refId="ref107378" refString="Last, P. R., Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M., Naylor, G. J. P. &amp; White, W. T. (2016 i) Stingrays. Family Dasyatidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 522 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="i">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CCB85F1FFBF02544" box="[984,1033,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
.,
<date id="FF8510779537FFD0CB7D5F1CFB982544" box="[1053,1121,1297,1323]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="2016-01">2016i</date>
: 604
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 25.75;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CA7D5F1CFEC32520" author="Weigmann, S." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 976</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF75F54FD40251B" box="[151,697,1369,1396]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF75F54FD40251B" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" box="[151,697,1369,1396]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF75F54FDFB251C" bold="true" box="[151,514,1369,1395]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CFF75F54FED6251C" box="[151,303,1369,1395]" name="South Africa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
voucher material
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729537FFD0CD715F54FD9C251C" box="[529,613,1369,1395]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25936.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF75F70FABB25F7" box="[151,1346,1405,1432]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF75F70FABB25F7" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" box="[151,1346,1405,1432]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF75F70FE2A25F8" bold="true" box="[151,467,1405,1431]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South African distribution</emphasis>
: False
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559537FFD0CD445F73FDA825F7" box="[548,593,1406,1432]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Bay</collectingRegion>
(WC) to Algoa
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559537FFD0CC655F73FCCB25F7" box="[773,818,1406,1432]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Bay</collectingRegion>
(EC), but likely wider ranging along the coast.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF75FACFDE926B4" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF75FACFEDC26D8" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF75FACFEDC26D8" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF75FACFEFD25D4" bold="true" box="[151,260,1441,1467]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Remarks</emphasis>
: The species has a complicated taxonomic history in
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CC3B5FACFC1325D4" box="[859,1002,1441,1467]" name="South Africa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
having been confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CA445FACFF1D25B0" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Seale" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pateobatis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fai">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CA445FACFF1D25B0" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Pateobatis fai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in KZN. Smith [A.] (
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CEB05FCBFE1F25B0" box="[464,486,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">in</emphasis>
M̹ller &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CD395FC8FD1B25B0" author="Henle" box="[601,738,1477,1503]" firstAuthor="Henle" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="103 - 200" refId="ref110052" refString="M ʾ ller, J. &amp; Henle, F. G. J. (1841) s. n. In: Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Plagiostomen, Berlin, pp. 103 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1841">Henle, 1841</bibRefCitation>
) described
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CC015FCBFBE425B0" box="[865,1053,1478,1503]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Trygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CC015FCBFBE425B0" box="[865,1053,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Trygon purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CB225FCBFB4225B0" box="[1090,1211,1477,1503]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pteroplatytrygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CB225FCBFB4225B0" box="[1090,1211,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">P. violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) citing
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CA6F5FC8FA6425B0" box="[1295,1437,1477,1503]" name="South Africa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
as the
<typeStatus id="548088159537FFD0CE6E5FE7FEC7266B" box="[270,318,1514,1540]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">type</typeStatus>
locality, but the species apparently was not seen again until a specimen was caught off Kalk Bay in False Bay in 1933 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CEC35C00FDB32648" author="Barnard" box="[419,586,1549,1575]" firstAuthor="Barnard" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="230 - 235" refId="ref92528" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1934) New records and descriptions of two new species of South African marine fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 13 (15), 230 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933408654806" type="journal article" year="1934">Barnard, 1934</bibRefCitation>
). Although
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CDAE5C00FC7F2647" author="Wallace, J. H." box="[718,902,1549,1576]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref118483" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 c) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part II: manta, eagle, duckbill, cownose, butterfly and sting rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 16, 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace (1967c)</bibRefCitation>
referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CB6C5C03FB112648" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1949" box="[1036,1256,1550,1575]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CB6C5C03FB112648" box="[1036,1256,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dasyatis purpureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, his description and figure 24 are clearly that of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CD585C3FFD8B2624" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Seale" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[568,626,1585,1611]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pateobatis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fai">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CD585C3FFD8B2624" box="[568,626,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">P. fai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or a similar looking species, but not
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349537FFD0CB7C5C3FFB612624" box="[1052,1176,1585,1611]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pteroplatytrygon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CB7C5C3FFB612624" box="[1052,1176,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">P. violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The species was once thought to be quite rare in
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279537FFD0CE8F5C58FD862600" box="[495,639,1621,1647]" name="South Africa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, with only a few specimens known (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469537FFD0CB775C58FAE52600" author="Compagno" box="[1047,1308,1621,1648]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CBFB5C5BFB352600" box="[1179,1228,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 1989
</bibRefCitation>
). However, it appears to be somewhat commonly caught in the chokka (= squid) fishery, but is usually not reported as bycatch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9537FFD0CFF75CCCFDE926B4" box="[151,528,1729,1756]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79537FFD0CFF75CCCFDE926B4" blockId="94.[151,1437,937,1756]" box="[151,528,1729,1756]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59537FFD0CFF75CCCFE7D26B4" bold="true" box="[151,388,1729,1755]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Conservation status</emphasis>
: LC (2019).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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