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<mods:title id="6321076FCB357B2A1062521E69816DFD">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34952CFFCBCFF75F81FDD325C9" ID-CoL="6LSLL" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName=": Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,554,1420,1446]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narkidae" genus="Heteronarce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75F81FDD325C9" bold="true" box="[151,554,1420,1446]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75F81FE6825C9" bold="true" box="[151,401,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Heteronarce garmani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCEF85F81FDD325C9" author="Regan" box="[408,554,1420,1446]" firstAuthor="Regan" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="412 - 420" refId="ref112167" refString="Regan, C. T. (1921) New fishes from deepwater off the coast of Natal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 7 (41), 412 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632540" type="journal article" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCEF65FD8FD9E2580" author="Regan" box="[406,615,1493,1519]" firstAuthor="Regan" page="414" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="412 - 420" refId="ref112167" refString="Regan, C. T. (1921) New fishes from deepwater off the coast of Natal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 7 (41), 412 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632540" type="journal article" year="1921">Regan, 1921: 414</bibRefCitation>
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(unique):
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.1.3. Type locality:
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75C13FEA52657" bold="true" box="[151,348,1566,1592]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34952CFFCBCE0C5C12FCC52657" ID-CoL="6LSLL" authority=": Regan, 1921: 414" authorityName=": Regan" authorityPageNumber="414" authorityYear="1921" box="[364,828,1566,1593]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narkidae" genus="Heteronarce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCE0C5C12FDA62657" box="[364,607,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Heteronarce garmani</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCD0F5C12FCC52657" author="Regan" box="[623,828,1566,1593]" firstAuthor="Regan" page="414" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="412 - 420" refId="ref112167" refString="Regan, C. T. (1921) New fishes from deepwater off the coast of Natal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 7 (41), 412 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632540" type="journal article" year="1921">Regan, 1921: 414</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCC295C13FBC92656" author="Gilchrist" box="[841,1072,1566,1593]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="50" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="41 - 79" refId="ref102709" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. (1922 b) Deep-sea fishes procured by the S. A. &quot; Pickle &quot; (Part I.). Special Report (3), Report of the Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa, 2, 41 - 79." type="journal article" year="1922" yearSuffix="b">Gilchrist, 1922b: 50</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCB5D5C12FA6E2657" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[1085,1431,1566,1593]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 14</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCFA65C4EFE6C2632" author="Barnard" box="[198,405,1603,1630]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="92" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 92</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCEC25C4EFD782632" author="Fowler" box="[418,641,1603,1630]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="193" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="187 - 268" refId="ref100995" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1925 b) Fishes from Natal, Zululand and Portuguese East Africa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1925, 77, 187 - 268." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="b">Fowler, 1925b: 193</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCDED5C4EFC812632" author="Barnard" box="[653,888,1603,1629]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="1016" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="419 - 1065" refId="ref92485" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1927) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part II (Teleostei - Discocephali to end. Appendix). Annals of the South African Museum 21, 419 - 1065." type="journal article" year="1927">Barnard, 1927: 1016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCCE55C4EFBB02632" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[901,1097,1603,1629]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 74</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 90;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCBCE5C4EFA8A2632" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1198,1395,1603,1629]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964: 291</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 29a;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCF9E5C65FE4E26ED" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[254,439,1639,1666]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 74</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 90;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCD7D5C65FD0126ED" author="Wallace, J. H." box="[541,760,1639,1666]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref118396" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 a) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part III: skates and electric rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 17, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace, 1967a: 55</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 28;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCC005C65FBA426ED" author="Compagno" box="[864,1117,1640,1666]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="113" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref95556" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1986">Compagno, 1986: 113</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 24.1;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCBB95C65FED326C8" author="Compagno" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="82" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCA3C5C65FA7726ED" box="[1372,1422,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 82
</bibRefCitation>
, pl.;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCE005C80FDA226C9" author="Compagno" box="[352,603,1676,1703]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="116" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCD065C80FC1B26C8" author="Compagno &amp; Heemstra" box="[614,994,1677,1703]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="43" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="15 - 49" refId="ref96182" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (2007) Electrolux addisoni, a new genus and species of electric ray from the east coast of South Africa (Rajiformes: Torpedinoidei: Narkidae), with a review of torpedinoid taxonomy. Smithiana, 7, 15 - 49." type="journal article" year="2007">Compagno &amp; Heemstra, 2007: 43</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCC8D5C80FB5526C8" author="NPOA" box="[1005,1196,1676,1703]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="52" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 52</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCBD75C81FF0A26A4" author="da Silva" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="247" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
da Silva
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCA785C80FAB126C9" box="[1304,1352,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 247
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCE625CBCFDA426A4" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[258,605,1713,1740]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="146" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 146</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCD0C5CBCFC8626A3" author="de Carvalho" box="[620,895,1713,1740]" firstAuthor="de Carvalho" page="175" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="509 - 510" refId="ref113583" refString="Seret, B. &amp; de Carvalho, M. R. (2016) Sixgill stingrays. Family Hexatrygonidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 509 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016">de Carvalho, 2016: 175</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 16.3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCB615CBCFAFA26A4" author="Weigmann, S." box="[1025,1283,1713,1739]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 912</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34952CFFCBCA715CBFFD99269F" ID-CoL="6M4LM" authority="von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 14" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1923" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narkidae" genus="Heteronarce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCA715CBFFEF7269F" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Heteronarce regani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCE745CDAFD99269F" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[276,608,1750,1777]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 14</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 2, pl. 22 (original descrption).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34952CFFCBCC885CDAFA6E269F" ID-CoL="45PB3" authority="Fowler, 1925 a: 198" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="1925" box="[1000,1431,1750,1777]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narkidae" genus="Narcine" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCC885CDAFB40269F" box="[1000,1209,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Narcine natalensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCBDE5CDBFA6E269F" author="Fowler" box="[1214,1431,1750,1777]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="198" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="195 - 200" refId="ref100959" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1925 a) Descriptions of three new marine fishes from the Natal coast. Annals of the Natal Museum, 5 (2), 195 - 200." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">Fowler, 1925a: 198</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 2 (original description).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34952CFFCBCD635CF1FC5E277A" authority="Fowler, 1925 b: 193" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1925" box="[515,935,1787,1814]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narkidae" genus="Narcine" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCD635CF1FD3B277A" box="[515,706,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Narcine garmani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46952CFFCBCDA95CF6FC5E277A" author="Fowler" box="[713,935,1787,1814]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="193" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="187 - 268" refId="ref100995" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1925 b) Fishes from Natal, Zululand and Portuguese East Africa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1925, 77, 187 - 268." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="b">Fowler, 1925b: 193</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C952CFFCBCFF75D12FEA82730" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7952CFFCBCFF75D12FEA82730" blockId="69.[151,1437,1420,2034]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA952CFFCBCFF75D12FEA82730" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574629" collectionCode="ORI" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="BMNH 1921.3, SAIAB 16568, SAIAB 10439, B 834" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75D12FDFA2756" bold="true" box="[151,515,1823,1850]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627952CFFCBCFF75D12FED62756" box="[151,303,1823,1849]" name="South Africa" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">South Africa</collectingCountry>
voucher material
</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="54808815952CFFCBCD725D2DFD862755" box="[530,639,1824,1850]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC952CFFCBCDEA5D2DFCC02755" box="[650,825,1824,1850]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">BMNH 1921.3</specimenCode>
.1.3. Non-types:
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC952CFFCBCC8E5D2DFB6A2755" box="[1006,1171,1823,1850]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 16568</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC952CFFCBCBFE5D2DFAC62755" box="[1182,1343,1824,1850]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10439</specimenCode>
[former
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72952CFFCBCFA65D48FF0F2730" box="[198,246,1861,1887]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">ORI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC952CFFCBCF9D5D48FEBE2730" box="[253,327,1860,1887]" collectionCode="ORI" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">B 834</specimenCode>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C952CFFCBCFF75D64FC9827EB" box="[151,865,1897,1924]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7952CFFCBCFF75D64FC9827EB" blockId="69.[151,1437,1420,2034]" box="[151,865,1897,1924]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75D64FE2A27EC" bold="true" box="[151,467,1897,1923]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">South African distribution</emphasis>
: Algoa
<collectingRegion id="49FFF855952CFFCBCD4C5D67FDA027EB" box="[556,601,1898,1924]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Bay</collectingRegion>
(EC) to northern KZN.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C952CFFCBCFF75D83FDE8279D" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="C321653C952CFFCBCFF75D83FDE727A2" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7952CFFCBCFF75D83FDE727A2" blockId="69.[151,1437,1420,2034]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75D83FEFD27C7" bold="true" box="[151,260,1934,1960]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Remarks</emphasis>
: A very rare, small, regionally endemic electric ray known only from the east coast of
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627952CFFCBCA645D83FA6127C7" box="[1284,1432,1934,1960]" name="South Africa" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627952CFFCBCFA65DBEFEA327A2" box="[198,346,1971,1997]" name="Mozambique" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627952CFFCBCEF05DBEFDE027A2" box="[400,537,1971,1997]" name="Madagascar" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C952CFFCBCFF75DDAFDE8279D" box="[151,529,2007,2034]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7952CFFCBCFF75DDAFDE8279D" blockId="69.[151,1437,1420,2034]" box="[151,529,2007,2034]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5952CFFCBCFF75DDAFE7D279D" bold="true" box="[151,388,2007,2034]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Conservation status</emphasis>
: NT (2020).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>