128 lines
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128 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="7B34D1C82BCE13CED56E601871C57DD0" ID-CLB-Dataset="31367" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="543c4afc-4ffb-4e11-a858-a6d1d9745214" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1063854" ID-ZooBank="7C684128-FFA7-48AA-B395-B9C6BC39353A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1511249334103" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus" docDate="2017" docId="0392879B7352AB0043D5FE00FD7DFD7C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4352.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4352 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bombus Latreille" docType="treatment" docVersion="22" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFABFFE37375AB274342FFD0FF94FF9B" masterDocTitle="The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698503246731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="04E0637B715D7B7F1ACB1A793E739119">The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BE46C3D1D30AFF5B22A09054C77299BC">Gibbs, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="56DBC1074C0D703C7ABA836BB3BDAB7A">Ascher, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A42C09B190A41CDD20A8AB68191BBA3E">Rightmyer, Molly G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="70C01595FBAE34EC3236F9F73CAF4145">Isaacs, Rufus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F5FE4A47B3A3237ADBFD278DCD8B92B2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5CD3B85447125B8852C34B37982D440F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="931A18D3D4920A7054E7C92C7454581E">2017-11-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F9C7A805C7D8424CBD6AF92D69B5487F">4352</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0392879B7352AB0043D5FE00FD7DFD7C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6002617" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137467429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6002617" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392879B7352AB0043D5FE00FD7DFD7C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392879B7352AB0043D5FE00FD7DFD7C" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C32165067352AB0043D5FE00FE50FE71" box="[151,452,464,490]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7352AB0043D5FE00FE50FE71" blockId="39.[151,452,464,490]" box="[151,452,464,490]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0CC81E17352AB0043D5FE00FE50FE71" bold="true" box="[151,452,464,490]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB0043D5FE00FE50FE71" bold="true" box="[151,452,464,490]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D0E7352AB0043ACFE00FE50FE71" ID-CoL="62H8K" ID-ENA="144708" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" box="[238,452,464,490]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB0043ACFE00FEC6FE71" bold="true" box="[238,338,464,490]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Bombus</emphasis>
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Latreille
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32165067352AB0043D5FDC6FAE8FDB4" box="[151,1404,534,559]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7352AB0043D5FDC6FAE8FDB4" blockId="39.[151,1436,534,743]" box="[151,1404,534,559]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB0043D5FDC6FE89FDB4" bold="true" box="[151,285,534,559]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Taxonomy:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004266FDC6FE58FDB4" author="Milliron" box="[292,460,534,559]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref95968" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1971) A monograph of the Western Hemisphere bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). I. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 103, 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10382 fv" type="journal article" year="1971">Milliron (1971</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB00429AFDC7FD8BFDB4" author="Milliron" box="[472,543,535,559]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="81 - 235" refId="ref96021" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973 a) A monograph of the Western Hemisphere bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 105, 81 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10589 fv" type="journal article" year="1973" yearSuffix="a">1973a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004168FDC6FDAFFDB4" author="Milliron" box="[554,571,534,559]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="239 - 333" refId="ref96075" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973 b) A monograph of the Western Hemisphere bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). III. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 105, 239 - 333. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10591 fv" type="journal article" year="1973" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004112FDC6FC90FDB4" author="Mitchell" box="[592,772,534,559]" firstAuthor="Mitchell" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 557" refId="ref96606" refString="Mitchell, T. B. (1962) Bees of the Eastern United States: volume II. N. C. Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bulletin, 152, 1 - 557." type="book chapter" year="1962">Mitchell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004052FDC7FBBAFDB4" author="Laverty & Harder" box="[784,1070,534,559]" firstAuthor="Laverty" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="965 - 967" refId="ref93237" refString="Laverty, T. M. & Harder, L. D. (1988) The bumble bees of eastern Canada. The Canadian Entomologist, 120, 965 - 967. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / ent 120965 - 11" type="journal article" year="1988">Laverty & Harder (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB00477BFDC6FABCFDB4" author="Williams" box="[1081,1320,534,559]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="46 - 74" refId="ref105916" refString="Williams, P. H., Cameron, S. A., Hines, H. M., Cederberg, B. & Rasmont, P. (2008) A simplified subgeneric classification of the bumblebees (genus Bombus). Apidologie, 39, 46 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / apido: 2007052" type="journal article" year="2008">
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Williams
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB0047E7FDC7FB49FDB4" box="[1189,1245,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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(2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004676FDC7FAE5FDB4" author="Williams" box="[1332,1393,535,559]" firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref105981" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America: An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32165067352AB004385FDEEFD7DFD7C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B84368D7352AB004385FDEEFD7DFD7C" blockId="39.[151,1436,534,743]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB004385FDEEFEB3FDCC" bold="true" box="[199,295,574,599]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Biology.</emphasis>
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Bumble bees are primarily eusocial with annual colonies, with the exception of social parasites, which in the continental United States are entirely within the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D0E7352AB004085FDB2FBA5FDE0" box="[967,1073,610,635]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Psithyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB004085FDB2FBA5FDE0" box="[967,1073,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Psithyrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004703FDB2FB7DFDE0" author="Heinrich" box="[1089,1257,610,635]" firstAuthor="Heinrich" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref90233" refString="Heinrich, B. (2004) Bumblebee economics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 249 pp." type="book" year="2004">Heinrich 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB0047B4FDB2FF47FD04" author="Husband" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Husband" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="225 - 239" refId="ref91135" refString="Husband, R. W., Fischer, R. L. & Porter, T. W. (1980) Description and biology of bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist, 13, 225 - 239." type="journal article" year="1980">
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Husband
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB004620FDB3FA08FDE0" box="[1378,1436,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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1980
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB0043A4FD56FE0FFD04" author="Michener" box="[230,411,646,671]" firstAuthor="Michener" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref95239" refString="Michener, C. D. (1974) The social behavior of the bees. Belknap Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 404 pp." type="book" year="1974">Michener 1974</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB0042EDFD56FD67FD04" author="Plowright & Laverty" box="[431,755,646,671]" firstAuthor="Plowright" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="175 - 199" refId="ref99193" refString="Plowright, R. C. & Laverty, T. M. (1984) The ecology and sociobiology of bumble bees. Annual Review of Entomology, 29, 175 - 199. https: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. ento. 29.1.175" type="journal article" year="1984">Plowright & Laverty 1984</bibRefCitation>
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). Nests are commonly made in abandoned rodent nests underground (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004274FD7AFDB7FD58" author="Husband" box="[310,547,682,707]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Husband" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="225 - 239" refId="ref91135" refString="Husband, R. W., Fischer, R. L. & Porter, T. W. (1980) Description and biology of bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist, 13, 225 - 239." type="journal article" year="1980">
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Husband
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<emphasis id="B94FEA9F7352AB0042E6FD7BFE4AFD58" box="[420,478,682,707]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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1980
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</bibRefCitation>
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), but other similar cavities may be used, including walls of houses, and some species typically nest above ground (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B7C7352AB004171FD1EFD48FD7C" author="Richards" box="[563,732,718,743]" firstAuthor="Richards" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="301 - 318" refId="ref100346" refString="Richards, K. W. (1978) Nest site selection by bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in southern Alberta. The Canadian Entomologist, 110, 301 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / ent 110301 - 3" type="journal article" year="1978">Richards 1978</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |