731 lines
80 KiB
XML
731 lines
80 KiB
XML
<document id="A67F2384CEE723B10252247AD6BA1733" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. & Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC92EFFA7F9EBFF40FA13F4C2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Antipatharia Milne-Edwards & Haime 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="811F062DCF39E703320C6C7AC7A85023">
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<mods:title id="E971DE9B59693C5686F27B180244EB40">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B8B4F9AA563EDFC972FD741A4DA09A88">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2A88F13EB10F9CAE8DD43AFCC2559336">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="865455A471EEA28BC9FC7E20B95955FF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="52676B6C4337CBEBB888E3CC6ED03453">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="512E789BB42E124AE9760DE175F44C48">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2417AE4B36FA8DFB14F3EEDC0F720445">
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<mods:date id="7A895DE5449276CAD8A59442A24CCFDE">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4C05F126E37F1BED67CE399BDEB0D978">2019-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DE97A37D8FFF7027237FC65083C255A4">4692</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="547D6E48B29D99E0BDCDBE3F9596174B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="038F878BC92EFFA7F9EBFF40FA13F4C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8396029" ID-GBIF-Taxon="213632541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8396029" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC92EFFA7F9EBFF40FA13F4C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC92EFFA7F9EBFF40FA13F4C2" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92EFFA4F9EBFF40FD4DF2A9" box="[151,724,153,180]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFF40FD4DF2A9" blockId="61.[151,724,153,180]" box="[151,724,153,180]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<heading id="D0D181F1C92EFFA4F9EBFF40FD4DF2A9" bold="true" box="[151,724,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4F9EBFF40FD4DF2A9" bold="true" box="[151,724,153,180]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Artifical key to South Atlantic Antipatharians</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92EFFA7F9EBFF07FA04F338" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="key">
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<key id="FFB761ACC92EFFA7F9EBFF07FA04F338" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFF07FA05F30A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFF07FA05F2E9" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,221,243]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFF07FA05F2E9" box="[151,1436,221,243]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">1A: Colony unbranched (filiform)............................................................................ 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFF23FA05F30A" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,250,272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFF23FA05F30A" box="[151,1436,250,272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">1B: Colony monopodial and pinnulate or branched, with or without pinnules......................................... 5</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFECEFA05F353" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFECEFA04F336" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,279,301]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFECEFA04F336" box="[151,1437,279,301]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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2A: Polyps in more than one row............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDB1FECEFA04F336" ID-CoL="5Z8NG" authorityName=", Loiola" authorityYear="2007" box="[1229,1437,279,300]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirrhipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secchini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDB1FECEFA04F336" box="[1229,1437,279,300]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Cirrhipathes secchini</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFEEDFA05F353" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,308,330]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFEEDFA05F353" box="[151,1436,308,330]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">2B: Polyps in one single row................................................................................ 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFE88FA05F399" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE88FA05F37C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,337,359]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE88FA05F37C" box="[151,1436,337,359]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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3A: Polypar spines up to
|
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in height.................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDD4FE88FA05F37C" ID-CoL="52J4C" authorityName=": Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1192,1436,337,358]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDD4FE88FA05F37C" box="[1192,1436,337,358]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stichopathes occidentalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFEB7FA05F399" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,365,387]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFEB7FA05F399" box="[151,1436,365,387]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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3B: Polypar spines more than
|
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8A7FEB7FDA9F399" box="[475,560,366,387]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
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in height................................................................ 4
|
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</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFE53FA05F3A7" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE53FA05F3BA" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,394,416]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE53FA05F3BA" box="[151,1436,394,416]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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4A: Spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F823FE53FE2DF3BA" box="[351,436,394,416]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDA0FE53FA05F3BA" authorityName="Opresko & Genin" authorityYear="1990" box="[1244,1436,394,416]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDA0FE53FA05F3BA" box="[1244,1436,394,416]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stichopathes spiessi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE7EFA05F3A7" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,423,445]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE7EFA05F3A7" box="[151,1436,423,445]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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4B: Spines up to
|
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F823FE7EFE2DF3A7" box="[351,436,423,445]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.34">0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDCEFE7EFA05F3A7" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1202,1436,423,445]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paucispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDCEFE7EFA05F3A7" box="[1202,1436,423,445]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stichopathes paucispina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFE1DFA05F3EC" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE1DFA05F3C0" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,452,474]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE1DFA05F3C0" box="[151,1436,452,474]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">5A: Corallum not pinnulated................................................................................ 6</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE39FA05F3EC" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,480,503]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE39FA05F3EC" box="[151,1436,480,503]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">5B: Corallum pinnulated................................................................................... 9</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
|
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFE24FA05F02A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFE24FA04F008" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,509,531]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFE24FA04F008" box="[151,1437,509,531]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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6A: Spines anisomorphic..................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDBDFE24FA04F008" ID-CoL="8YZG" authorityName=": Opresko" authorityYear="2004" box="[1217,1437,509,530]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Acanthopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="humilis">
|
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDBDFE24FA04F008" box="[1217,1437,509,530]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Acanthopathes humilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFDC3FA05F02A" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,538,560]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFDC3FA05F02A" box="[151,1436,538,560]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">6B: Spines isomorphic.................................................................................... 7</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
|
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFDEEFA05F073" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFDEEFA05F056" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,567,589]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFDEEFA05F056" box="[151,1436,567,589]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">7A: Spines on the entire corallum............................................................................ 8</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFD8DFA05F073" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,596,618]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFD8DFA05F073" box="[151,1436,596,618]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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7B: Spines only on terminal branchlets.......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDBDFD8DFA05F073" ID-CoL="3SYZQ" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1217,1436,596,617]" class="Anthozoa" family="Leiopathidae" genus="Leiopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glaberrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDBDFD8DFA05F073" box="[1217,1436,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Leiopathes glaberrima</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</keyStep>
|
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<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFDA8FA05F0B9" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFDA8FA05F09C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,625,647]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFDA8FA05F09C" box="[151,1436,625,647]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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8A: Corallum branching in one plane, usually fan-shaped..........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDA6FDA8FA05F09C" ID-CoL="F28R" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1857" box="[1242,1436,625,646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="atlantica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDA6FDA8FA05F09C" box="[1242,1436,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antipathes atlantica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFD57FA05F0B9" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,653,675]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFD57FA05F0B9" box="[151,1436,653,675]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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||
8B: Corallum branching in more than one plane; broom like, with long ascending branches................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FD97FD54FA05F0B9" ID-CoL="F29Q" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1857" box="[1259,1436,653,675]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="furcata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FD97FD54FA05F0B9" box="[1259,1436,653,675]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antipathes furcata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFD73FA05F0C6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFD73FA05F0A5" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,682,704]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFD73FA05F0A5" box="[151,1436,682,704]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
9A: Polyps
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F855FD73FEF9F0DA" box="[297,352,682,704]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
or more in transverse diameter............................................................... 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFD1EFA05F0C6" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,711,733]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFD1EFA05F0C6" box="[151,1436,711,733]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
9B: Polyps usually less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8B2FD1EFD9CF0C7" box="[462,517,711,733]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter........................................................ 23
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFD3DFA05F129" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFD3DFA05F0E3" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,740,762]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFD3DFA05F0E3" box="[151,1436,740,762]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">10A: Spines simple, smooth, deltoid, conical and acicular in lateral view; polyps without secondary mesenteries............. 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFCD8FA05F129" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFCD8FA05F129" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">10B: Spines simple or with multiple bifurcations, triangular, laterally compressed; polyps with six primary and four secondary mesenteries........................................................................................... 14</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFCE3FA05F176" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFCE3FA05F155" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFCE3FA05F155" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
11A: Primary pinnules irregularly arranged, sometimes in clusters of three............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDB0FCE3FA05F155" ID-CoL="VPQJ" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1228,1436,826,847]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Cladopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDB0FCE3FA05F155" box="[1228,1436,826,847]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Cladopathes plumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFC8EFA05F176" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFC8EFA05F176" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">11B: Primary pinnules in four or more regular rows............................................................. 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFCADFA05F1BC" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFCADFA05F193" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,884,906]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFCADFA05F193" box="[151,1436,884,906]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
12A: Primary pinnules in four rows........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDD2FCADFA05F193" ID-CoL="59362" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1198,1436,884,906]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDD2FCADFABEF193" box="[1198,1319,884,905]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Trissopathes</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FC30FCADFA05F193" box="[1356,1436,884,905]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">tristicha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFC48FA05F1BC" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,913,935]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFC48FA05F1BC" box="[151,1436,913,935]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">12B: Primary pinnules in six rows........................................................................... 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFC77FA05F1E6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFC77FA05F1C5" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFC77FA05F1C5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
13A: Around two secondary pinnules per posterior primary; 22 to 33 primary pinnules per centimeter......................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDE5FC13FA05F1C5" ID-CoL="5Z38L" authorityName="Opresko & Loiola" authorityYear="2008" box="[1177,1436,970,991]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Chrysopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="micracantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDE5FC13FA05F1C5" box="[1177,1436,970,991]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chrysopathes micracantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFC3EFA05F1E6" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,999,1021]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFC3EFA05F1E6" box="[151,1436,999,1021]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
13B: One secondary pinnule per posterior primary; 18 to 21 primary pinnules per centimeter...........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDD5FC3EFA05F1E6" ID-CoL="5YQWM" authorityName="Opresko & Loiola" authorityYear="2008" box="[1193,1436,999,1020]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Chrysopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oligocrada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDD5FC3EFA05F1E6" box="[1193,1436,999,1020]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chrysopathes oligocrada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFBDDFA05F62C" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFBDDFA05F600" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1028,1050]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFBDDFA05F600" box="[151,1436,1028,1050]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
14A: Polyps reaching
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8FEFBDDFE48F603" box="[386,465,1028,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter..................................................................... 15
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFBF8FA05F62C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1057,1079]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFBF8FA05F62C" box="[151,1436,1057,1079]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
14B: Polyps
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F855FBF8FEF9F62C" box="[297,352,1057,1078]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
or more in diameter....................................................................... 17
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFBE4FA05F66A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFBE4FA05F649" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1085,1107]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFBE4FA05F649" box="[151,1436,1085,1107]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
15A: Corallum branched to the third or fourth order..................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FD83FBE4FA05F649" ID-CoL="54ZZD" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1279,1436,1085,1107]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Taxipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="recta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FD83FBE4FA05F649" box="[1279,1436,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Taxipathes recta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFB83FA05F66A" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1114,1136]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFB83FA05F66A" box="[151,1436,1114,1136]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">15B: Corallum monopodial or sparsely branched................................................................ 16</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFBAEFA05F6B3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFBAEFA05F696" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1143,1165]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFBAEFA05F696" box="[151,1436,1143,1165]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
16A: Spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F823FBAEFE2DF697" box="[351,436,1143,1165]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDC6FBAEFA05F696" ID-CoL="4D6SZ" authorityName="Van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" box="[1210,1436,1143,1164]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laricides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDC6FBAEFA05F696" box="[1210,1436,1143,1164]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Parantipathes laricides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFB4DFA05F6B3" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1172,1194]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFB4DFA05F6B3" box="[151,1436,1172,1194]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
16B: Spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F823FB4DFE2DF6B3" box="[351,436,1172,1193]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDE6FB4DFA05F6B3" ID-CoL="4D6SX" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[1178,1436,1172,1193]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDE6FB4DFA05F6B3" box="[1178,1436,1172,1193]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Parantipathes helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFB68FA05F6F9" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFB68FA05F6DC" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1201,1223]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFB68FA05F6DC" box="[151,1436,1201,1223]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
17A: Pinnules in two rows, subpinnulated.................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDECFB68FA05F6DC" ID-CoL="6CK76" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[1168,1436,1201,1222]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Dendrobathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDECFB68FA05F6DC" box="[1168,1436,1201,1222]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Dendrobathypathes grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFB17FA05F6F9" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1229,1251]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFB17FA05F6F9" box="[151,1436,1229,1251]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">17B: Pinnules in two rows, simple........................................................................... 18</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFB33FA05F706" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFB33FA05F6E5" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1258,1280]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFB33FA05F6E5" box="[151,1436,1258,1280]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">18A: Corallum branched................................................................................... 19</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFADEFA05F706" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1287,1309]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFADEFA05F706" box="[151,1436,1287,1309]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">18B: Corallum unbranched................................................................................. 20</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFAFDFA05F74C" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFAFDFA05F720" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1316,1338]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFAFDFA05F720" box="[151,1436,1316,1338]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
19A: Pinnules short, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8D1FAFDFE45F723" box="[429,476,1316,1337]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDB8FAFDFA05F720" ID-CoL="6ZHXN" baseAuthorityName="Roule" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1220,1436,1316,1338]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDB8FAFDFA05F720" box="[1220,1436,1316,1338]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stauropathes punctata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA98FA05F74C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1345,1367]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA98FA05F74C" box="[151,1436,1345,1367]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
19B: Pinnules long, more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8A4FA98FD9EF74C" box="[472,519,1345,1366]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long..........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FD92FA98FA05F74C" box="[1262,1436,1345,1366]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Telopathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="magna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FD92FA98FA05F74C" box="[1262,1436,1345,1366]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Telopathes magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFA87FA05F795" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA87FA04F769" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,1373,1395]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA87FA04F769" box="[151,1437,1373,1395]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
20A: Corallum not attached...................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDA6FA84FA04F769" ID-CoL="4VC24" authorityName=": Hickson" authorityYear="1907" box="[1242,1437,1373,1395]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Schizopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDA6FA84FA04F769" box="[1242,1437,1373,1395]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Schizopathes crassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFAA3FA05F795" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1402,1424]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFAA3FA05F795" box="[151,1436,1402,1424]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">20B: Corallum attached.................................................................................... 21</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFA4EFA05F7D3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA4EFA05F7B6" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1431,1453]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA4EFA05F7B6" box="[151,1436,1431,1453]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
21A: Pinnules decreasing in size distally toward the corallum apex...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDD6FA4EFA05F7B6" ID-CoL="65XR3" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1194,1436,1431,1452]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Alternatipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alternata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDD6FA4EFA05F7B6" box="[1194,1436,1431,1452]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Alternatipathes alternata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA6DFA05F7D3" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1460,1482]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA6DFA05F7D3" box="[151,1436,1460,1482]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">21B: Pinnules longest in the middle of the corallum............................................................. 22</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBFA08FA05F418" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA08FA04F7FC" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,1489,1511]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA08FA04F7FC" box="[151,1437,1489,1511]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
22A: Spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F823FA08FE2DF7FC" box="[351,436,1489,1511]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height.........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDBDFA08FA04F7FC" ID-CoL="KXGJ" authorityName="Pasternak" authorityYear="1977" box="[1217,1437,1489,1510]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="galatheae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDBDFA08FA04F7FC" box="[1217,1437,1489,1510]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Bathypathes galatheae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBFA37FA05F418" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1517,1539]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBFA37FA05F418" box="[151,1436,1517,1539]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
22B: Spines usually less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8B1FA37FD8FF419" box="[461,534,1518,1539]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height....................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FD9EFA34FA05F418" ID-CoL="KXGL" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1250,1436,1517,1538]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="patula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FD9EFA34FA05F418" box="[1250,1436,1517,1538]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Bathypathes patula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF9D3FA05F426" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF9D3FA05F405" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1546,1568]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF9D3FA05F405" box="[151,1436,1546,1568]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">23A: Pinnules and subpinnules in rows or pairs................................................................. 24</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF9FEFA05F426" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1575,1597]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF9FEFA05F426" box="[151,1436,1575,1597]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">23B: Pinnules and subpinnules in verticils..................................................................... 32</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF99DFA05F46C" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF99DFA05F440" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1604,1626]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF99DFA05F440" box="[151,1436,1604,1626]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">24A: Pinnules subpinnulated................................................................................ 25</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF9B8FA05F46C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1633,1655]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF9B8FA05F46C" box="[151,1436,1633,1655]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">24B: Pinnules simple...................................................................................... 30</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF9A4FA05F4AA" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF9A4FA04F488" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,1661,1683]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF9A4FA04F488" box="[151,1437,1661,1683]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
25A: Colony densely branched................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDABF9A4FA04F488" ID-CoL="54N3Q" authorityName=": Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[1239,1437,1661,1682]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDABF9A4FA04F488" box="[1239,1437,1661,1682]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes hirta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF943FA05F4AA" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1690,1712]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF943FA05F4AA" box="[151,1436,1690,1712]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">25B: Colony monopodial or sparsely ramified.................................................................. 26</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF96EFA05F4F3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF96EFA04F4D6" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,1719,1741]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF96EFA04F4D6" box="[151,1437,1719,1741]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
26A: Secondary pinnules up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4F8A7F96EFD87F4D7" box="[475,542,1719,1741]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
|
||
long...............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDF7F96EFA04F4D6" ID-CoL="54N3R" authorityName="Loiola & Castro" authorityYear="2005" box="[1163,1437,1719,1740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longipinnula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDF7F96EFA04F4D6" box="[1163,1437,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes longipinnula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF90DFA05F4F3" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1748,1770]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF90DFA05F4F3" box="[151,1436,1748,1770]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
26B: Secondary pinnules usually up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92EFFA4FB5BF90DFDF3F4F3" box="[551,618,1748,1769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.............................................................. 27
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF928FA05F539" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF928FA05F51C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1777,1799]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF928FA05F51C" box="[151,1436,1777,1799]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
27A: Posterior primary pinnules bearing up to 42 secondary pinnules............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDE4F928FA05F51C" ID-CoL="54N3W" authorityName="Loiola & Castro" authorityYear="2005" box="[1176,1436,1777,1798]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="thalassoros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDE4F928FA05F51C" box="[1176,1436,1777,1798]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes thalassoros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF8D7FA05F539" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1805,1827]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF8D7FA05F539" box="[151,1436,1805,1827]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">27B: Posterior primary pinnules bearing up to 18 secondary pinnules................................................ 28</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF8F3FA05F546" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF8F3FA04F525" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1437,1834,1856]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF8F3FA04F525" box="[151,1437,1834,1856]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
28A: Posterior primary pinnules bearing 8 to 10 secondary pinnules................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDCFF8F3FA04F525" ID-CoL="54N3X" baseAuthorityName="Warner" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1203,1437,1834,1855]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="thamnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDCFF8F3FA04F525" box="[1203,1437,1834,1855]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes thamnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF89EFA05F546" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1863,1885]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF89EFA05F546" box="[151,1436,1863,1885]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">28B: Posterior primary pinnules bearing less than 7 secondary pinnules.............................................. 29</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF8BDFA05F58C" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF8BDFA05F560" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1892,1914]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF8BDFA05F560" box="[151,1436,1892,1914]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
29A: Posterior primary pinnules bearing 3 to 7 secondary......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDDEF8BDFA05F560" ID-CoL="54N3V" baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1186,1436,1892,1914]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tanacetum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDDEF8BDFA05F560" box="[1186,1436,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes tanacetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF858FA05F58C" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1921,1943]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF858FA05F58C" box="[151,1436,1921,1943]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
29B: Posterior primary pinnules bearing less than 3 secondary.................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDECF858FA05F58C" ID-CoL="54N3N" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1168,1436,1921,1942]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDECF858FA05F58C" box="[1168,1436,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanacetipathes barbadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA4F9EBF847FA05F5D5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF847FA05F5A8" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1949,1971]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF847FA05F5A8" box="[151,1436,1949,1971]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
30A: Pinnules/branchlets in one to four irregular rows...........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDC0F844FA05F5A8" ID-CoL="F28D" authorityName=": Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[1212,1436,1949,1970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wollastoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDC0F844FA05F5A8" box="[1212,1436,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antipathella wollastoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA4F9EBF863FA05F5D5" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" box="[151,1436,1978,2000]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA4F9EBF863FA05F5D5" box="[151,1436,1978,2000]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">30B: Pinnules in two regular rows........................................................................... 31</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92EFFA7F9EBF80EFA04F338" blockId="61.[151,1437,221,2029]" lastBlockId="62.[151,1437,153,291]" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyStep id="30D22E38C92EFFA7F9EBF80EFA04F338" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D795A8C92EFFA7F9EBF80EFA04F338" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
31A: Distance between pinnules in a same row 1.6–2.0 mm.......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92EFFA4FDC1F80EFA05F5F7" ID-CoL="4KJ5K" authorityName=": Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[1213,1436,2007,2029]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Plumapathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pennacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92EFFA4FDC1F80EFA05F5F7" box="[1213,1436,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Plumapathes pennacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
31B: Distance between pinnules in a same row
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92DFFA7FB09FF43FD5DF2B5" box="[629,708,154,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FDC8FF40FA05F2B4" ID-CoL="4KJ5J" authorityName=": Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[1204,1436,153,174]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Plumapathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fernandezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FDC8FF40FA05F2B4" box="[1204,1436,153,174]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Plumapathes fernandezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
32A: Corallum branched, mainly from near the base........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FDFAFF6FFA04F2D1" ID-CoL="7CP2M" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1158,1437,182,204]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="triadocrada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FDFAFF6FFA9CF2D1" box="[1158,1285,182,203]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Triadopathes</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FC56FF6FFA04F2D1" box="[1322,1437,182,203]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">triadocrada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
32B: Corallum monopodial, rarely branched................................................................... 33 33A: Subpinnules rarely covering the “worm run”..............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FDC0FF29FA05F31F" ID-CoL="7B38B" baseAuthorityName="Duchassaing" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1212,1436,240,261]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Stylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="columnaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FDC0FF29FA05F31F" box="[1212,1436,240,261]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stylopathes columnaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
33B: Subpinnules always covering the “worm run”.............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FDC5FED4FA04F338" ID-CoL="7B38C" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2006" box="[1209,1437,269,290]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Stylopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="adinocrada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FDC5FED4FA04F338" box="[1209,1437,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stylopathes adinocrada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92DFFA7F9EBFEACFCE7F395" box="[151,894,373,400]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9EBFEACFCE7F395" blockId="62.[151,894,373,400]" box="[151,894,373,400]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<heading id="D0D181F1C92DFFA7F9EBFEACFCE7F395" bold="true" box="[151,894,373,400]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F9EBFEACFCE7F395" bold="true" box="[151,894,373,400]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Distribution of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F8F8FEACFDBEF395" ID-CoL="6227G" ID-ENA="44168" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1857" box="[388,551,373,399]" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="order">Antipatharia</taxonomicName>
|
||
order in the South Atlantic
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C92DFFA7F9EBFE62FA13F4C2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9EBFE62FB46F098" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
There are currently 97 antipatharian species recorded from the Atlantic Ocean (Supplementary file), with representatives of all seven families. Of this total, approximately 59% (~ 57 spp.) of the species occur in the western North Atlantic, this being the region that holds the largest number of records (Supplementary file). About 58 species of the order are endemic to the Atlantic. Five genera are unique to this region:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FAB2FDFAFABEF027" authority="Opresko, 2004" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2004" box="[974,1319,547,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Distichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FAB2FDFAFBEFF027" box="[974,1142,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Distichopathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD02FDFAFABEF027" author="Opresko" box="[1150,1319,547,573]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="209 - 240" refId="ref48958" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2004) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part IV. Establishment of a new family, Aphanipathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 78, 209 - 240." type="journal article" year="2004">Opresko, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FC18FDFAFE05F045" authority="Opresko, 2004" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2004" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Elatopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FC18FDFAFF77F045" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Elatopathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F989FD9CFE05F045" author="Opresko" box="[245,412,581,607]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="209 - 240" refId="ref48958" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2004) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part IV. Establishment of a new family, Aphanipathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 78, 209 - 240." type="journal article" year="2004">Opresko, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB46FD9CFD76F045" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2004" box="[570,751,581,607]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Aphanipathidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB86FD9CFBC9F045" authority="Opresko, 2001" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[762,1104,581,607]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FB86FD9CFC3AF045" box="[762,931,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Tanacetipathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FAD5FD9CFBC9F045" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[937,1104,581,607]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="343 - 370" refId="ref48821" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2001) Revision of theAntipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part I. Establishment of a new family, Myriopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 75, 343 - 370." type="journal article" year="2001">Opresko, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FD8CFD9CFA00F045" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2001" box="[1264,1433,581,607]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriopathidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F9BBFDB1FE4BF098" authority="Brook, 1889" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[199,466,616,642]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Taxipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F9BBFDB1FEA6F098" box="[199,319,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Taxipathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F83AFDB1FE4BF098" author="Brook" box="[326,466,616,642]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB74FDB1FC13F098" authority="MacIsaac & Best 2013" authorityName="MacIsaac & Best" authorityYear="2013" box="[520,906,616,643]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Telopathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FB74FDB1FD19F098" box="[520,640,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Telopathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FBF4FDB0FC13F098" author="MacIsaac & Best" box="[648,906,616,643]" firstAuthor="MacIsaac" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="237 - 258" refId="ref47839" refString="MacIsaac, K. G., Best, M., Brugler, M. R., Kenchington, E. L. R., Anstey, L. J. & Jordan, T. (2013) Telopathes magna gen. nov. spec. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae) from deep waters off Atlantic Canada and the first molecular phylogeny of the deep-sea family Schizopathidae. Zootaxa, 3700 (2), 237 - 258. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3700.2.3" type="journal article" year="2013">MacIsaac & Best 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FD50FDB1FB42F098" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1068,1243,616,642]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Schizopathidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBFD52FDC1F117" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Of the 97 black coral species recorded for the entire Atlantic, three species (about 3%) are endemic to the southwestern region and none are endemic to the southeastern region so far. The southeastern Atlantic has only one black coral record,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F853FD09FC96F0F0" authority="Opresko, 1999" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[303,783,720,746]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F853FD09FDC4F0F0" box="[303,605,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Parantipathes helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FB1AFD09FC96F0F0" author="Opresko" box="[614,783,720,746]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref48774" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1999) New species of Antipathes and Parantipathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from coastal waters of south Australia and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum, 32 (2), 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">Opresko, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Valdivia seamount, which forms part of the Walvis Ridge (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F995FD2AFDD5F117" author="Molodtsova & Pasternak" box="[233,588,754,781]" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="169 - 179" refId="ref48255" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. & Pasternak, F. A. (2005) Redescription of Parantipathes euantha (Pasternak, 1958) (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from Kurile-Kamchatka Trench. Invertebrate Zoology, 2 (2), 169 - 179. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 02.2.02" type="journal article" year="2005">Molodtsova & Pasternak, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBFCCFFD02F18D" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
As of 2009 approximately 40 black coral species (16% of the diversity of antipatharians species currently known worldwide) were recorded from the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7FBA5FCE1FCB6F148" box="[729,815,824,850]" name="Mexico" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(data compiled in this paper;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD01FCE1FABEF148" author="Opresko" box="[1149,1319,824,850]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref49123" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2009) Antipatharia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity, 1, 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2009">Opresko, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Caribbean Sea, being one of the regions with the best documented antipatharian faunas of the world (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD91FC82FA0EF16F" author="Opresko" box="[1261,1431,859,885]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref49123" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2009) Antipatharia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity, 1, 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2009">Opresko, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F9EBFCA7FEEEF182" author="Wagner" box="[151,375,893,920]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wagner" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="277 - 289" refId="ref50406" refString="Wagner, D. & Opresko, D. M. (2015) Description of a new species of Leiopathes (Antipatharia: Leiopathidae) from the Hawaiian Islands. Zootaxa, 3974 (2), 277 - 289. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3974.2.11" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Wagner
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F989FCA7FEB4F18D" box="[245,301,893,919]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has 57 recorded species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBFC79FCF8F690" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
The major biogeographic barriers which were thought to separate the shallow-water fauna of the Caribbean Sea and the northeastern part of South America from the rest of the Atlantic coast of South America are the mouth of the Amazon River and the mouth of the Orinoco River. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FA2DFC3CFBDCF61A" author="Cordeiro" box="[849,1093,997,1024]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cordeiro" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="491 - 510" refId="ref46842" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Neves, B. M., Rosa-Filho, J. S. & Perez, C. D. (2015) Mesophotic coral ecosystems occur offshore and north of the Amazon River. Bulletin of Marine Science, 91 (4), 491 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.5343 / bms. 2015.1025" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Cordeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FAC7FC3FFC6DF1E5" box="[955,1012,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recently verified the existence of a mesophotic reef between 18 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92DFFA7FB4EFBDEFDE1F639" box="[562,632,1031,1059]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="125.0">125 m</quantity>
|
||
deep at
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92DFFA7FBAFFBDEFC80F638" box="[723,793,1031,1058]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
off the mouth of the Amazon River, and recorded 38 coral species for this region, including a species in the antipatharian genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FACFFBF2FBDBF65F" authorityName="de Blainville" authorityYear="1830" box="[947,1090,1067,1093]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirrhipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FACFFBF2FBDBF65F" box="[947,1090,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Cirrhipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, corals occurring below
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C92DFFA7F9EBFB94FF48F672" box="[151,209,1101,1128]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
do not suffer from the direct influence of the Amazon plume (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FAF3FB94FBE6F672" author="Cordeiro" box="[911,1151,1101,1128]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cordeiro" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="491 - 510" refId="ref46842" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Neves, B. M., Rosa-Filho, J. S. & Perez, C. D. (2015) Mesophotic coral ecosystems occur offshore and north of the Amazon River. Bulletin of Marine Science, 91 (4), 491 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.5343 / bms. 2015.1025" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Cordeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FA80FB97FBA5F67D" box="[1020,1084,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), thereby enabling faunal connectivity between the Caribbean Sea and the South Atlantic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBFB4AFBDFF72D" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Approximately 25 black coral species occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7FBA0FB4AFCB9F6B7" box="[732,800,1171,1197]" name="Brazil" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including records documented in the present work). Of these, 15 are shared with the Caribbean Sea. The best documented region in the western South Atlantic corresponds to the region between 13° and
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC92DFFA7F880FB01FDA4F6E8" box="[508,573,1240,1266]" degrees="22" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="55555" value="-22.0">22° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FB31FB01FCCFF6E8" author="Loiola & Castro" box="[589,854,1240,1266]" firstAuthor="Loiola" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref47684" refString="Loiola, L L. & Castro, C. B. (2001) Three new records of Antipatharia (Cnidaria) from Brazil, including the first record of a Schizopathidae. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Serie Zoologia, 455, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2001">Loiola & Castro, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FA18FB01FBF3F6E8" author="Loiola & Castro" box="[868,1130,1239,1266]" firstAuthor="Loiola" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref47732" refString="Loiola, L. L. & Castro, C. B. (2005) Tanacetipathes Opresko, 2001 (Cnidaria: Antipatharia: Myriopathidae) from Brazil, including two new species. Zootaxa, 1081 (1), 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1081.1.1" type="journal article" year="2005">Loiola & Castro, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD04FB01FA94F6E8" author="Loiola" box="[1144,1293,1240,1266]" firstAuthor="Loiola" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="253 - 264" refId="ref47648" refString="Loiola, L. L. (2007) Black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from Brazil: an overview. Bulletin of Marine Science, 81 (3), 253 - 264." type="journal article" year="2007">Loiola, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FC67FB01FE99F70F" author="Cordeiro" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cordeiro" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="826 - 828" refId="ref46754" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Maranhao, H. A., Lima, S. T. S. & Perez, C. D. (2012) First record of Stichopathes occidentalis (Gray, 1860) and range extensions of Antipathes atlantica Gray, 1857 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Check List, 8 (4), 826 - 828. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 8.4.826" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Cordeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FCF4FB00FF22F70F" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although there is a record of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB96FB22FB43F70F" authority="(Pourtales, 1880)" authorityName="Pourtales" authorityYear="1880" baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[746,1242,1275,1301]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tanacetum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FB96FB22FB89F70F" box="[746,1040,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Tanacetipathes tanacetum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD63FB22FB4BF70F" author="Pourtales" box="[1055,1234,1275,1301]" firstAuthor="Pourtales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="95 - 120" refId="ref49788" refString="Pourtales, L. F. (1880) Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878 - 79, by the United States coast survey steamer " Blake ". VI. Report on the corals and Antipatharia. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 6 (4), 95 - 120." type="journal article" year="1880">Pourtalès, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the Parcel of Manuel Luís, the northern region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7FB53FAC4FDEAF72D" box="[559,627,1309,1335]" name="Brazil" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
still represents a great gap in knowledge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBFA99FAB3F41D" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
This study contains the first description of the black coral fauna of the Rio Grande Rise, and identifies nine species for the region. However, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB3EFABAFC79F767" authority="(Esper, 1788)" authorityName="Esper" authorityYear="1788" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[578,992,1379,1405]" class="Anthozoa" family="Leiopathidae" genus="Leiopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glaberrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FB3EFABAFCD8F767" box="[578,833,1379,1405]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Leiopathes glaberrima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FA2CFABAFC4EF767" author="Esper" box="[848,983,1379,1405]" firstAuthor="Esper" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref47021" refString="Esper, E. J. C. (1788) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen, 3, 1 - 96. [not consulted]" type="journal article" year="1788">Esper, 1788</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shared with the Brazilian continental margin. Other two species [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F8B4FA5CFCFFF785" authority="(Esper, 1788)" authorityName="Esper" authorityYear="1788" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[456,870,1413,1439]" class="Anthozoa" family="Leiopathidae" genus="Leiopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glaberrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F8B4FA5CFD5EF785" box="[456,711,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Leiopathes glaberrima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FBA8FA5CFCC7F785" author="Esper" box="[724,862,1413,1439]" firstAuthor="Esper" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref47021" refString="Esper, E. J. C. (1788) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen, 3, 1 - 96. [not consulted]" type="journal article" year="1788">Esper, 1788</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FA0CFA5CFA94F7BA" authority="(Roule, 1905)" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Roule" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[880,1293,1413,1440]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FA0CFA5CFBF2F785" box="[880,1131,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stauropathes punctata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD05FA5CFA9CF7BA" author="Roule" box="[1145,1285,1413,1440]" firstAuthor="Roule" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref49909" refString="Roule, L. (1905) Description des Antipathaires et Cerianthaires recueillis par SAS le Prince de Monaco dans l'Atlantique nord (1886 - 1902). Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques, 30, 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59328" type="journal article" year="1905">Roule, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] occur in the northeastern Atlantic, while three species [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FB0BFA71FBCCF7D8" authority="Opresko, 1999" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[631,1109,1448,1474]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FB0BFA71FC3DF7D8" box="[631,932,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Parantipathes helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FAD0FA71FBCCF7D8" author="Opresko" box="[940,1109,1448,1474]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref48774" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1999) New species of Antipathes and Parantipathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from coastal waters of south Australia and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum, 32 (2), 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">Opresko, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FD1DFA71FEB8F7FF" authority="Van Pesch, 1914" authorityName="Van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laricides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FD1DFA71FAF0F7D8" box="[1121,1385,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Parantipathes laricides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FC0DFA70FEB8F7FF" author="Van Pesch" firstAuthor="Van Pesch" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">Van Pesch, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F827FA12FC98F7FF" authority="Brook, 1889" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[347,769,1482,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paucispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F827FA12FDF5F7FF" box="[347,620,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stichopathes paucispina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FB0EFA12FC98F7FF" author="Brook" box="[626,769,1482,1509]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] occur in IndoPacific.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FA82FA12FAA8F7FF" box="[1022,1329,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FA82FA12FAB4F7FF" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[1022,1325,1483,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">Parantipathes helicosticha</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
orginally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7F839FA34FE35F41D" box="[325,428,1517,1543]" name="Australia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2F87FC92DFFA7F89EFA34FDC9F41D" box="[482,592,1517,1543]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
, also has a record for the Walvis Range in the Southeast Atlantic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBF9C8FAEBF475" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
In the future, more specimens collected in the Rio Grande Rise may also allow confirmation of the identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7F99AF9EAFD31F457" authority="(Van Pesch, 1914)" authorityName="Van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[230,680,1587,1613]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F99AF9EAFE4EF457" box="[230,471,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Trissopathes tristicha</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F899F9EAFD39F457" author="Van Pesch" box="[485,672,1587,1613]" firstAuthor="Van Pesch" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">Van Pesch, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC92DFFA7FBA1F9EAFB23F457" authority="(Opresko, 1999)" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[733,1210,1587,1613]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stylopathidae" genus="Triadopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="triadocrada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7FBA1F9EAFC64F457" box="[733,1021,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Triadopathes triadocrada</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7FD77F9EAFB28F457" author="Opresko" box="[1035,1201,1587,1613]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref48774" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1999) New species of Antipathes and Parantipathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from coastal waters of south Australia and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum, 32 (2), 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">Opresko, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the South Atlantic. Both species were also originally described for the western Pacific, in waters adjacent to coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7FC78F98CFAF7F475" box="[1284,1390,1621,1647]" name="Australia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC92DFFA7F9BBF9A1FA13F4C2" blockId="62.[151,1437,443,1752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Although the invertebrate fauna of the Rio Grande Rise has just begun to be studied in this decade, the icthyofauna already recorded has a high similarity with that found in the Walvis and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC92DFFA7FD71F942FB0DF4AF" box="[1037,1172,1691,1717]" name="Madagascar" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
Cordillera, the latter in the Indian Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC92DFFA7F819F964FDB6F4CD" author="Perez" box="[357,559,1725,1751]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="16 - 31" refId="ref49604" refString="Perez, J. A. A., Alves, E. D. S., Clark, M. R., Bergstad, O. A., Gebruk, A., Cardoso, I. A. & Rogacheva, A. (2012) Patterns of life on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Compiling what is known and addressing future research. Oceanography, 25, 16 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5670 / oceanog. 2012.102" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pérez
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC92DFFA7F8D0F967FE72F4CD" box="[428,491,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, any biogeographic inference for antipatharians is still premature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |