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<document id="E5C5A7A250CB93DAE341A4B8F801A1DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. &amp; Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC918FF92F9EBFF40FBC7F748" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin 1990" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AC34B474FD212B9E5685DFAEBFD69943">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="12188CBD27CCB6D2E62BD19D7F00B5CD">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9CCD522431B39C6BB2D7C3B8814EEE2">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038F878BC918FF92F9EBFF40FBC7F748" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688327" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160134035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5688327" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC918FF92F9EBFF40FBC7F748" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC918FF92F9EBFF40FBC7F748" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBFF40FD2EF2A9" blockId="11.[151,695,153,216]" box="[151,695,153,180]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0D181F1C918FF92F9EBFF40FD2EF2A9" bold="true" box="[151,695,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBFF40FD2EF2A9" authority="Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990" authorityName="Opresko &amp; Genin" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,695,153,180]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFF40FD2EF2A9" bold="true" box="[151,695,153,180]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFF40FE1EF2A9" bold="true" box="[151,391,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stichopathes spiessi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F8F3FF40FD2EF2A9" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[399,695,153,179]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9EBFF64FF6CF2CD" box="[151,245,189,216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBFF64FF6CF2CD" blockId="11.[151,695,153,216]" box="[151,245,189,216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92F9EBFF64FF42F2C2" box="[151,219,189,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1972,1997]" captionTargetBox="[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. MNRJ 6757: Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. a—Corallum morphology; b—Apical end; c—Organization of spines; d—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528952/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92F99BFF64FF6CF2CD" box="[231,245,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,813,838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,794]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,174,794]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. Yelllow circles: records extracted from the literature (Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990) and based on Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Red circle: record made in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528954/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBFEDBFCDEF300" blockId="11.[151,839,257,282]" box="[151,839,257,282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBFEDBFD5CF300" authority="Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990: 301 - 310" authorityName="Opresko &amp; Genin" authorityPageNumber="301" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,709,257,282]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFEDBFEFAF303" box="[151,355,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stichopathes spiessi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F815FED8FD5CF300" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[361,709,257,282]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="301 - 310" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990: 301–310</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 1, 2, 3.
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFE91FE2DF378" bold="true" box="[151,436,327,354]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Types and type locality.</emphasis>
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):
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,
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seamount,
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,
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,
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;
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seamount
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,
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, 900–
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;
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seamount,
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,
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, 950–
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.
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seamount,
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,
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;
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,
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<elevation id="000BD1AEC918FF92FB99FE6DFCFEF3D5" box="[741,871,436,463]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.64" metricValueMax="4.88" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="464.0" valueMax="488.0" valueMin="440.0">
440–
<specimenCount id="9D20FD14C918FF92FA62FE6DFCFEF3D5" box="[798,871,436,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">488 m</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBFE0EFD8FF00D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBFE0EFD8FF00D" blockId="11.[151,1437,327,1363]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBFE0EFE2DF3E8" bold="true" box="[199,436,471,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CC0C918FF92F8C2FE01FD8BF00D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446839580" collectingDate="2002-09-17" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" elevation="540" latitude="-28.866667" location="Date" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.983334" municipality="Depth" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="MNRJ 6757" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92F8C2FE01FD9CF3E8" box="[446,517,472,498]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, off Santa Catarina.
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC918FF92FB8AFE0EFC07F3E8" box="[758,926,471,498]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="0.001" value="-28.866667">28º52’0.001”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC918FF92FAD0FE0EFBF1F3E9" box="[940,1128,471,499]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="59.999" value="-46.983334">46º58’59.999”W</geoCoordinate>
.
<location id="8EF96046C918FF92FD05FE00FB2BF3E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC918FF92F9EBFF40FBC7F748:8EF96046C918FF92FD05FE00FB2BF3E9" box="[1145,1202,473,499]" country="Brazil" latitude="-28.866667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.983334" municipality="Depth" name="Date" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Date</location>
:
<date id="FF98105DC918FF92FDC3FE01FADBF3E8" box="[1215,1346,472,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2002-09-17">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B5C918FF92FDC3FE01FADBF3E8" box="[1215,1346,472,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2002-09-17">17/09/2002</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACE7C918FF92FC2CFE01FA00F3E8" box="[1360,1433,472,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Depth</collectingMunicipality>
:
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F9EBFE22FF47F00D" box="[151,222,507,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="540.0">
<elevation id="000BD1AEC918FF92F9EBFE22FF47F00D" box="[151,222,507,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="540.0">540 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="DB809EE6C918FF92F990FE25FEE2F00C" box="[236,379,507,534]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MNRJ 6757</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D20FD14C918FF92F8FAFE25FD93F00D" box="[390,522,508,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBFDC6FC3DF0D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBFDC6FC3DF0D0" blockId="11.[151,1437,327,1363]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBFDC6FEDBF020" bold="true" box="[199,322,543,570]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Corallum monopodial, in irregular spirals. Spines conical, laterally compressed, round, with small tubercles on the apex, usually covering around 1/3 of the distal surface of the spines. Spines
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FDEFFD9DFAACF045" box="[1171,1333,580,607]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.19" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.14">0.14–0.24 mm</quantity>
in height (mostly smaller than
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F8F8FDB1FE42F099" box="[388,475,616,643]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
) from the center of the base to the apex. Spines in seven to 10 longitudinal rows, with around five to six complete rows in side view. Polyps
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FB8BFD55FCE7F0BD" box="[759,894,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
in transverse diameter, with three to five polyps per centimeter along the axis (adapted from
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FBFBFD69FC01F0D0" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[647,920,688,714]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBFD0AFC46F1B8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBFD0AFC46F1B8" blockId="11.[151,1437,327,1363]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBFD0AFDEEF0F4" bold="true" box="[199,631,723,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description of Brazilian specimens.</emphasis>
Corallum monopodial, unpinnulated and unbranched, whip-like; axis spiral, around
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F84BFD21FEE2F109" box="[311,379,760,787]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="29.0">29 cm</quantity>
in height (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92F88EFD21FDABF108" box="[498,562,759,786]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1972,1997]" captionTargetBox="[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. MNRJ 6757: Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. a—Corallum morphology; b—Apical end; c—Organization of spines; d—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528952/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a–b). Thickness of the stem at the base is
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FA82FD21FBFCF109" box="[1022,1125,760,787]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.14">2.14 mm</quantity>
. First spiral occurring about
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F9EBFCC5FF42F12D" box="[151,219,796,823]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
from the base. Diameter of spirals around
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FBC0FCC5FD6EF12D" box="[700,759,796,823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
. Spines conical, with apex covered by tubercles, arranged in six to eight rows (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92F827FC99FE02F140" box="[347,411,831,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1972,1997]" captionTargetBox="[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. MNRJ 6757: Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. a—Corallum morphology; b—Apical end; c—Organization of spines; d—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528952/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
c–d). Height of polypar spines between 0.13 and
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FACBFC99FB84F141" box="[951,1053,832,859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
; abpolypar spines
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FD94FC99FA04F141" box="[1256,1437,832,859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.115" valueMax="0.13" valueMin="0.1">0.10 to 0.13 mm</quantity>
in height. Base of spines
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F8C9FCBDFDC0F165" box="[437,601,868,895]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.225" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.27 mm</quantity>
in proximal-distal direction. Distance between spines varying from
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FC21FCBAFF5AF1B9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.819999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.582">0.582 mm</quantity>
to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F99BFC51FEC0F1B9" box="[231,345,904,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.100 mm</quantity>
in each row; density of around two spines per millimeter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBFC75FAC6F6FC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBFC75FAC6F6FC" blockId="11.[151,1437,327,1363]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBFC75FEA2F1DC" bold="true" box="[199,315,940,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</emphasis>
Maximum height of spines examined herein did not exceed those described for the
<typeStatus id="549D883FC918FF92FD8CFC75FACBF1DC" box="[1264,1362,940,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(up to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F9EBFC09FF66F1F1" box="[151,255,976,1003]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F86DFC09FDB1F1F0" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[273,552,976,1002]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin (1990)</bibRefCitation>
described remarkable variation in size, density and surface of the spines within a same specimen and between different specimens. The surface of spines of our specimen resembles that described for the
<typeStatus id="549D883FC918FF92F990FBC1FEC8F628" box="[236,337,1048,1074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, with tubercles only on the distal third of the spines. Our specimen differs from the latter in the morphology of the corallum, due to its regular spirals in contrast with the irregular pattern of the type specimens.
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBFBB9FEE3F660" authorityName="Opresko &amp; Genin" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,378,1120,1146]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFBB9FEE3F660" box="[151,378,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stichopathes spiessi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92FB6DFBB9FCCBF660" authority="(Brook, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[529,850,1120,1146]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paucispina">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92FB6DFBB9FD33F660" box="[529,682,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. paucispina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FBC6FBB9FCD3F660" author="Brook" box="[698,842,1120,1146]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
mainly by having spines shorter and more rounded (up to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F99CFB5DFEDFF685" box="[224,326,1156,1183]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
, in contrast with
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FB7AFB5DFDF5F685" box="[518,620,1156,1183]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.34">0.34 mm</quantity>
, respectively).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FA6AFB5DFBB7F684" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[790,1070,1156,1182]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin (1990)</bibRefCitation>
provided a detailed comparison, pointing out several other differences among these species, like the polyp size. Among the specimens examined herein,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F997FB15FECBF6FC" authorityName="Opresko &amp; Genin" authorityYear="1990" box="[235,338,1228,1254]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F997FB15FECBF6FC" box="[235,338,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. spiessi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has more rounded spines and with tubercles less pronounced than
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92FD41FB15FB4DF6FC" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1085,1236,1228,1254]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paucispina">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92FD41FB15FB4DF6FC" box="[1085,1236,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. paucispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92FD9FFB15FABCF6FC" box="[1251,1317,1227,1254]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1972,1997]" captionTargetBox="[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[239,1347,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. MNRJ 6757: Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. a—Corallum morphology; b—Apical end; c—Organization of spines; d—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528952/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
c–d).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBFB36FBC7F748" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBFB36FBC7F748" blockId="11.[151,1437,327,1363]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBFB36FEF8F710" bold="true" box="[199,353,1263,1290]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
Dominant megafaunal component on rocky bottoms between 450 and
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FD07FB29FB5BF711" box="[1147,1218,1264,1291]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
deep. Northeastern Pacific Seamounts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F80FFACDFD1BF734" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[371,642,1300,1326]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
), and Southwestern Atlantic,
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92FABAFACDFB94F734" box="[966,1037,1300,1326]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, off Santa Catarina (this work) (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92FC13FACDFF3EF749" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,813,838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,794]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,174,794]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of Stichopathes spiessi Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990. Yelllow circles: records extracted from the literature (Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990) and based on Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Red circle: record made in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528954/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
); from
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F987FAE1FEDBF749" box="[251,322,1336,1363]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="440.0">440 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F82CFAE1FDF9F748" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[336,608,1336,1362]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
) to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FBF0FAE1FD79F749" box="[652,736,1336,1363]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
depths (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FA42FAE1FBC8F748" author="Opresko &amp; Genin" box="[830,1105,1336,1362]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="301 - 310" refId="ref49304" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Genin, A. (1990) A new species of antipatharian (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from seamounts in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (2), 301 - 310." type="journal article" year="1990">Opresko &amp; Genin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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