159 lines
19 KiB
XML
159 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="E0DD6C286E61971FDEA0793B267542A8" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. & Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC914FF9EF9EBFB73FDEDF4ED" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Antipathes furcata Gray 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5B7FFF85CD737A210751C5C9F4E69D4C">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9A7E495801FFEC077E373E93B367609">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9716A91EF5028EDC3CC7A5551E094D58">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BAA390C53BFF8DEAB81C0C7BEADBEE98">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9434402C0F0E70942ACBFF4A89DEBDEF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="40F5F9B7C3821A220425B34615242E34">
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<mods:date id="129859E60E54C2A505B7BE5CC5E48D93">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DE25A3115AAD74AC728B5D74D41CBD59">2019-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9A49D9FED9629388386FAB6F0DFA532A">4692</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038F878BC914FF9EF9EBFB73FDEDF4ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688323" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160134042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5688323" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC914FF9EF9EBFB73FDEDF4ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC914FF9EF9EBFB73FDEDF4ED" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9EBFB73FD90F6DE" box="[151,521,1194,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9EBFB73FD90F6DE" blockId="7.[151,521,1194,1256]" box="[151,521,1194,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0D181F1C914FF9EF9EBFB73FD90F6DE" bold="true" box="[151,521,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC914FF9EF9EBFB73FD90F6DE" ID-CoL="F29Q" ID-ENA="795029" authority="Gray, 1857" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,521,1194,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="furcata">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9EBFB73FD90F6DE" bold="true" box="[151,521,1194,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9EBFB73FEE0F6DE" bold="true" box="[151,377,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes furcata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EF8FCFB73FD90F6DE" author="Gray" box="[384,521,1194,1220]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="278 - 294" refId="ref47448" refString="Gray, D. R. (1857) Synopsis of the families and genera of axiferous zoophytes or barked corals. Journal of Zoology, 25 (1), 278 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01242. x" type="journal article" year="1857">Gray, 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9EBFB17FF7EF6F2" box="[151,231,1229,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9EBFB17FF7EF6F2" blockId="7.[151,521,1194,1256]" box="[151,231,1229,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation id="131D2A18C914FF9EF9EBFB17FF7EF6F2" box="[151,231,1229,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,995,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,995,1903]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution of antipatharians species occurring in the Southwestern Atlantic not analyzed in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3529016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3529016/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9EBFACAFC61F75F" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9EBFACAFC61F75F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1298,1350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611B3C914FF9EF9EBFACAFC61F75F" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC914FF9EF9EBFACAFE70F732" ID-CoL="F29Q" authority="Gray, 1857: 291" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="291" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,489,1298,1320]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="furcata">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9EBFACAFEDEF732" box="[151,327,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes furcata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC914FF9EF830FACAFE70F732" author="Gray, D. R." box="[332,489,1298,1320]" page="291" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1857">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EF830FACAFE70F732" author="Gray" box="[332,489,1298,1320]" firstAuthor="Gray" page="291" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="278 - 294" refId="ref47448" refString="Gray, D. R. (1857) Synopsis of the families and genera of axiferous zoophytes or barked corals. Journal of Zoology, 25 (1), 278 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01242. x" type="journal article" year="1857">Gray, 1857: 291</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Schultze, 1903:92;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFBD5FACBFC19F732" author="Opresko" box="[681,896,1298,1320]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="60 - 67" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref48640" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1974) A study of the classification of the Antipatharia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with redescriptions of eleven species. Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, University of Miami, Miami, 149 pp." type="book" year="1974">Opresko, 1974: 60–67</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFABAFACBFB57F732" author="Loiola & Castro" box="[966,1230,1298,1320]" firstAuthor="Loiola" page="2 - 4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref47684" refString="Loiola, L L. & Castro, C. B. (2001) Three new records of Antipatharia (Cnidaria) from Brazil, including the first record of a Schizopathidae. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Serie Zoologia, 455, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2001">Loiola & Castro, 2001: 2–4</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 2, 3, 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFC39FACBFEDCF75F" author="Opresko, D. M." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003: 487</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 3d;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC914FF9EF8E6FAE9FD51F75F" author="Opresko, D. M. & Sanchez, J. A." box="[410,712,1328,1350]" page="497" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EF8E6FAE9FD51F75F" author="Opresko & Sanchez" box="[410,712,1328,1350]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="497" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. & Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko & Sanchez, 2005: 497</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 4;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC914FF9EFA6EFAE9FC6DF75F" author="Molodtsova, T. N." box="[786,1012,1328,1350]" page="148" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="2006">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFA6EFAE9FC6DF75F" author="Molodtsova" box="[786,1012,1328,1350]" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" page="148" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="141 - 151" refId="ref48053" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Biogeography of the Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter" year="2006">Molodtsova, 2006: 148</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9EBFAACFABAF794" box="[151,1315,1396,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9EBFAACFABAF794" blockId="7.[151,1436,1396,1783]" box="[151,1315,1396,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9EBFAACFE3DF795" bold="true" box="[151,420,1396,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type and type locality.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CC0C914FF9EF8D7FAACFA86F794" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446839781" box="[427,1311,1396,1423]" collectingDate="1843-02-06" collectionCode="BMNH" location="Madeira" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madeira" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C914FF9EF8D7FAACFE66F795" box="[427,511,1397,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BMNH</collectionCode>
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<date id="FF98105DC914FF9EFB7AFAADFDFEF794" box="[518,615,1396,1422]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1843-02-06">
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<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B5C914FF9EFB7AFAADFDFEF794" box="[518,615,1396,1422]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1843-02-06">1843.2.6</collectingDate>
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</date>
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or 8 (
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<typeStatus id="549D883FC914FF9EFBD6FAADFC89F794" box="[682,784,1396,1422]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFA3AFAADFC76F795" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[838,1007,1396,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="49E2F87FC914FF9EFD7EFAADFBFBF794" box="[1026,1122,1396,1422]" country="Portugal" name="Madeira" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Madeira</collectingRegion>
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, depth unknown
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9BBFA41FBE1F491" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9BBFA41FBE1F491" blockId="7.[151,1436,1396,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9BBFA41FEDBF7A9" bold="true" box="[199,322,1432,1459]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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“Small colonies (less than ~
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||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFBFAFA40FD54F7A9" box="[646,717,1433,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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||
in height) fan-shaped, branched mostly in one plane; with very long, straight, ascending branches. Larger colonies (
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFB95FA64FCC5F7CD" box="[745,860,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20–40 cm</quantity>
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in height) densely branched, in a thick plane with numerous overlapping branches. Branches directed upward and away from the centre, with most reaching to the top of the corallum; branch angles very narrow, 30° or less. Spines short, triangular, smooth,
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFD10F9DDFA99F405" box="[1132,1280,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.075" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.05">0.05–0.1 mm</quantity>
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tall and
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<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFC21F9DCFF74F459" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.085" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.07">0.07– 0.1 mm</quantity>
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wide at their base; arranged in 6–8 rows with 30–40 spines per centimeter in each row. Spines occasionally bifid or forked. Polyps 0.7–1.0 mm in transverse diameter; arranged in a single series on one side of branches; 6–8 polyps per centimeter. Colonies white in color when alive.” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFA43F9A9FBF5F491" author="Opresko & Sanchez" box="[831,1132,1648,1675]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. & Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko & Sanchez, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C914FF9EF9BBF94DFDEDF4ED" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC914FF9EF9BBF94DFDEDF4ED" blockId="7.[151,1436,1396,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC914FF9EF9BBF94DFEF8F4B5" bold="true" box="[199,353,1684,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
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||
Madeira Island (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFB59F94CFD30F4B5" author="Gray" box="[549,681,1684,1711]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="278 - 294" refId="ref47448" refString="Gray, D. R. (1857) Synopsis of the families and genera of axiferous zoophytes or barked corals. Journal of Zoology, 25 (1), 278 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01242. x" type="journal article" year="1857">Gray, 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Caribbean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFA08F94DFBB9F4B5" author="Opresko" box="[884,1056,1684,1711]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref48640" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1974) A study of the classification of the Antipatharia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with redescriptions of eleven species. Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, University of Miami, Miami, 149 pp." type="book" year="1974">Opresko, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFD52F94DFAC7F4B5" author="Opresko & Sanchez" box="[1070,1374,1684,1711]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. & Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko & Sanchez, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC914FF9EF9EBF961FF42F4C8" box="[151,219,1720,1746]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(fig. 35) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EF82DF961FDCFF4C9" author="Loiola & Castro" box="[337,598,1720,1747]" firstAuthor="Loiola" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref47684" refString="Loiola, L L. & Castro, C. B. (2001) Three new records of Antipatharia (Cnidaria) from Brazil, including the first record of a Schizopathidae. Boletim do Museu Nacional, Serie Zoologia, 455, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2001">Loiola & Castro, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFBD7F961FD7EF4C9" box="[683,743,1720,1747]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
, in Caribbean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EFABAF961FB6AF4C9" author="Opresko & Sanchez" box="[966,1267,1720,1747]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. & Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko & Sanchez, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C914FF9EFC5DF960FAE0F4C9" box="[1313,1401,1721,1747]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2480.0">2480 m</quantity>
|
||
, in Northeastern Atlantic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC914FF9EF8EAF905FDF0F4ED" author="Molodtsova" box="[406,617,1756,1783]" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="141 - 151" refId="ref48053" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Biogeography of the Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter" year="2006">Molodtsova, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |