634 lines
90 KiB
XML
634 lines
90 KiB
XML
<document id="49F36B90C848E9F16C0494E0F7B525E4" ID-CLB-Dataset="5952" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3760.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ba5f9ac-4317-459f-9829-2975de0a42ff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908324" ID-ZooBank="C0E4CA6E-6D93-477E-99F6-14FFB652A2A7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623095615282" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Michonneau, François & Paulay, Gustav" docDate="2014" docId="038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03760p140.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3760 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phyrella fragilis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="FFB6FFFFC110434AFFFBEA5BFFEEFFFB" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Phyrella (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) with the description of a new species from Guam" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="112" updateTime="1699002177088" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="242AB3AB8E4D5D5807E88DB2EDA578B3">Revision of the genus Phyrella (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) with the description of a new species from Guam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="307B654BC2877124F0E296D4417D1A0D">Paulay, Gustav</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7EBE20AFB525BD276CC4B99F209AB858">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9C2E4211B990745A7697458165F4379C">2014</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CEB34FC9EFE71" bold="true" box="[151,880,367,394]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FF6CEB34FEB5FE72" ID-CoL="6VGFT" baseAuthorityName="Mitsukuri & Ohshima" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[151,347,367,393]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CEB34FEB5FE72" bold="true" box="[151,347,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
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(Mitsukuri & Ohshima in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11B4341FD50EB2BFC86FE71" author="Ohshima, H." box="[683,872,368,394]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref20522" refString="Ohshima, H. (1912) On the system of Phyllophorinae with descriptions of the species found in Japan. Annotationes zoologicae Japonenses, 8, 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1912">Ohshima, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C651AC11B4341FF6CEBC9FE9BFE51" box="[151,373,402,427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF6CEBC9FE9BFE51" blockId="11.[151,880,367,427]" box="[151,373,402,427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FF6CEBC9FEF1FE50" box="[151,287,402,427]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStart-4="FIGURE 8" captionStart-5="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="12.[151,249,1985,2007]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,249,1866,1888]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,249,1135,1157]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionStartId-4="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionStartId-5="16.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox-0="[174,1410,193,1960]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1113]" captionTargetBox-3="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetBox-4="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetBox-5="[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetId-0="figure-25@12.[174,1410,193,1960]" captionTargetId-1="figure-40@13.[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetId-2="figure-425@14.[151,1436,193,1113]" captionTargetId-3="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetId-4="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetId-5="figure-112@16.[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionTargetPageId-5="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Syntypes of Phyrella fragilis UMUTZ-Ecn-H-Den-144." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Live appearance of Phyrella fragilis from Okinawa, Japan. A: UF 11011, about 50 mm long; B: UF 11013; about 55 mm long." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Holotype of Thyonidiella oceana ZMUC HOL-253. Scale bar, 1 cm." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." captionText-4="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." captionText-5="FIGURE 9. Rosettes from cloacal region (A) and introvert (B) of Phyrella fragilis UF 4096. Scale bar, 20 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908338" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908340" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908344" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908358" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4908338/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4908340/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4908344/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4908358/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Figures 4–9</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FED0EBC9FE9BFE51" box="[299,373,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,534,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-173@35.[177,1410,531,1892]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Calcareous rings. a–c: Phyrella fragilis (a: UF 4096, b: WAM Z26012, c: WAM Z26013); d–e: Phyrella trapeza, syntypes (d: MCZ HOL1488, thick body wall; e: MCZ HOL1488, thin body wall); f: Phyrella thyonoides, holotype (MCZ HOL1654); g: Phyrella cf. thyonoides (UF 9601); h: Phyrella mookiei, paratype (UF 4770); i: Phyllophorus aculeatus, holotype (USNM 1871)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908418/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">27 a–c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C651AC11B4341FF6CEB81FCC1FD53" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF6CEB81FC28FDD5" blockId="11.[151,1436,474,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FF6CEB81FDB6FE0B" ID-CoL="4H9SW" authority="Mitsukuri & Ohshima" authorityName="Mitsukuri & Ohshima" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,600,474,496]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyllophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CEB81FE81FE0B" box="[151,367,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Phyllophorus fragilis</emphasis>
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Mitsukuri & Ohshima
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in
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<treatmentCitation id="0A871080C11B4341FD81EB81FC89FE0B" author="Ohshima, H." box="[634,871,474,496]" page="81" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11B4341FD81EB81FC89FE0B" author="Ohshima, H." box="[634,871,474,496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref20522" refString="Ohshima, H. (1912) On the system of Phyllophorinae with descriptions of the species found in Japan. Annotationes zoologicae Japonenses, 8, 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1912">Ohshima, 1912: 81–87</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Pl. I,
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<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FC51EB81FC06FE0B" box="[938,1000,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,249,948,970]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,193,926]" captionTargetId="figure-450@10.[182,1404,193,926]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rosettes from introvert of Phyrella trapeza MCZ HOL1488. Scale bar, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908334/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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; textfig 6.
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<typeStatus id="549D8833C11B4341FBA3EB81FB5BFE0B" box="[1112,1205,474,496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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UMUTZ-Ecn-H-Den- 144 (was
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Mitsukuri & Ohshima,
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), Nishino-omote, Tanegashima, Stasuma; Satsukawa, Amami- Oshima (
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); Sakibaru, near Naha, Okinawa island (
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)
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<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF6CE86DFEC4FD71" blockId="11.[151,1436,474,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611BFC11B4341FF6CE86DFEC4FD71" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A871080C11B4341FF6CE86DFD5FFDB7" box="[151,689,566,588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FF6CE86DFD5FFDB7" ID-CoL="6VGFT" authority=": Heding & Panning, 1954: 185 - 186" authorityName=": Heding & Panning" authorityPageNumber="185 - 186" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,689,566,588]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CE86DFEAAFDB7" box="[151,324,566,588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Phyrella fragilis:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11B4341FEB0E86DFD5FFDB7" author="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A." box="[331,689,566,588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref19970" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des zoologischen museums. in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding & Panning, 1954: 185–186</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Fig. 90
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<treatmentCitation id="0A871080C11B4341FF6CE80EFD27FD90" box="[151,713,597,619]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FF6CE80EFD27FD90" ID-CoL="f1faaed8-6acb-420c-8531-f946f849223d" authority="Heding & Panning, 1954: 172 - 173" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityPageNumber="172 - 173" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,713,597,619]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CE80EFE88FD90" box="[151,358,597,619]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11B4341FE97E80EFD27FD90" author="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A." box="[364,713,597,619]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref19970" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des zoologischen museums. in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding & Panning, 1954:172–173</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Fig. 82.
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<typeStatus id="549D8833C11B4341FCDCE80EFC67FD90" box="[807,905,597,619]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: ZMUC HOL-253; type locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FB21E80EFAC7FD90" box="[1242,1321,597,619]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ambon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FAC8E80EFA76FD90" box="[1331,1432,597,619]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FF3CE82FFEC4FD71" box="[199,298,628,650]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF6CE8C9FCC1FD53" blockId="11.[151,1436,474,680]" box="[151,815,658,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611BFC11B4341FF6CE8C9FCC1FD53" box="[151,815,658,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A871080C11B4341FF6CE8C9FD77FD53" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[151,665,658,680]" page="232" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1988">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FF6CE8C9FD77FD53" ID-CoL="f1faaed8-6acb-420c-8531-f946f849223d" authority=": Cherbonnier, 1988: 229 - 232" authorityName=": Cherbonnier" authorityPageNumber="229 - 232" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,665,658,680]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
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<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CE8C9FE88FD53" box="[151,358,658,680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
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:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11B4341FE88E8C9FD77FD53" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[371,665,658,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" refId="ref19474" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Echinodermes: Holothurides. Faune de Madagascar, 70. Faune de Madagascar. Vol. 70. ORSTOM, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier, 1988: 229–232</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 102 A–H
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C651AC11B4341FF6CE88EFC1FFC59" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF6CE88EFC1FFC59" blockId="11.[151,1437,725,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF6CE88EFE66FD15" bold="true" box="[151,392,725,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FE6EE88EFEFDFCEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708320" collectingDate="1922-02" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="Th. Mortensen" country="Indonesia" location="Ambon" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="HOL-253" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE54C11B4341FE6EE88EFE08FD15" box="[405,486,725,750]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FE16E88EFDB4FD15" box="[493,602,725,750]" collectionCode="HOL-" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">HOL-253</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C11B4341FD95E88EFD36FD15" box="[622,728,725,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11B4341FCF1E88EFC1BFD16" authorityName=": Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1988" box="[778,1013,725,750]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FCF1E88EFC1BFD16" box="[778,1013,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FBE9E88EFB87FD15" box="[1042,1129,725,750]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF981051C11B4341FB81E88EFAC9FD15" box="[1146,1319,725,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="1922-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B9C11B4341FB81E88EFAC9FD15" box="[1146,1319,725,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="1922-02">February 1922</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FA8DE88EFEFDFCEA" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Th. Mortensen</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FEDBE8A1FED4FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708321" collectingDate="2005-05-14" collectionCode="UF" collectorName="Kris Netchy & Robert Lasley" country="Taiwan" location="Wanlitung" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="UF 4096" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FEDBE8A1FE68FCE9" box="[288,390,761,786]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF 4096</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FE68E8A2FE06FCE9" box="[403,488,761,786]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC11B4341FE0DE8A2FD83FCE9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC11B4341FE0DE8A2FD83FCE9" box="[502,621,761,786]" country="Taiwan" name="Wanlitung" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Wanlitung</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2B2FB3C11B4341FD81E8A1FC2DFCE9" box="[634,963,761,786]" location="Kenting National Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">W of Kenting National Park</locationDeviation>
|
||
, 0 m,
|
||
<date id="FF981051C11B4341FBF7E8A2FB44FCE9" box="[1036,1194,761,786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2005-05-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B9C11B4341FBF7E8A2FB44FCE9" box="[1036,1194,761,786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2005-05-14">14 May 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FB09E8A2FA93FCE9" box="[1266,1405,761,786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Kris Netchy</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FF6CE946FED4FCCD" box="[151,314,797,822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Robert Lasley</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FEBCE945FE53FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708322" box="[327,445,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="UF 11011" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FEBCE945FE57FCCD" box="[327,441,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF 11011</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FE3DE945FDD2FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708341" box="[454,572,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="UF 11013" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FE3DE945FDD7FCCD" box="[454,569,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF 11013</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FDBDE945FD52FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708302" box="[582,700,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="UF 11014" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FDBDE945FD56FCCD" box="[582,696,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF 11014</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FD3EE945FD48FCA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708330" collectingDate="2011-05-19" collectionCode="UF" collectorName="Yoshida Ryuta." country="Japan" location="Sunabe" municipality="Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCode="UF 11016" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB809EEAC11B4341FD3EE945FCD6FCCD" box="[709,824,797,822]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF 11016</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C11B4341FCBEE945FC66FCCE" box="[837,904,798,821]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2F873C11B4341FC6EE946FC14FCCD" box="[917,1018,797,822]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACEBC11B4341FBF8E946FBA4FCCD" box="[1027,1098,797,822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC11B4341FBACE946FB47FCCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC11B4341FBACE946FB47FCCD" box="[1111,1193,797,822]" country="Japan" municipality="Island" name="Sunabe" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Okinawa">Sunabe</location>
|
||
(adjacent to the type locality),
|
||
<date id="FF981051C11B4341FEFCE91AFE46FCA1" box="[263,424,833,858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2011-05-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B9C11B4341FEFCE91AFE46FCA1" box="[263,424,833,858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2011-05-19">19 May 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FE0EE91AFD48FCA1" box="[501,678,833,858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Yoshida Ryuta.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FD4AE91AFC60FC85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708316" accessionNumber="Z26012" collectingDate="2009-10-08" collectionCode="WAM" collectorName="A. Sampey" country="Japan" county="Western Australia" latitude="-17.3975" location="Coulomb Point" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="122.1485" municipality="Kimberley" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE54C11B4341FD4AE91AFD1BFCA1" box="[689,757,833,858]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||
Z26012,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F84E1DC11B4341FC9DE919FBD9FCA1" box="[870,1079,833,858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Western Australia</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACEBC11B4341FBBCE91AFB2EFCA1" box="[1095,1216,833,858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Kimberley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC11B4341FB2BE91AFA6DFCA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC11B4341FB2BE91AFA6DFCA1" box="[1232,1411,833,858]" country="Japan" county="Western Australia" latitude="-17.3975" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="122.1485" municipality="Kimberley" name="Coulomb Point" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Okinawa">Coulomb Point</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C11B4341FA68E919FF1BFC85" degrees="17.3975" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" precision="5" value="-17.3975">- 17.3975</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C11B4341FEFAE93EFE67FC85" box="[257,393,869,894]" degrees="122.148500" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" precision="1" value="122.1485">122.148500</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC11B4341FE6DE93EFE26FC85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC11B4341FE6DE93EFE26FC85" box="[406,456,869,894]" country="Japan" county="Western Australia" latitude="-17.3975" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="122.1485" municipality="Kimberley" name="Tide" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Okinawa">Tide</location>
|
||
pool,
|
||
<date id="FF981051C11B4341FDE9E93EFD28FC85" box="[530,710,869,894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2009-10-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B9C11B4341FDE9E93EFD28FC85" box="[530,710,869,894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2009-10-08">8 October 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FCF7E93EFC60FC85" box="[780,910,869,894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">A. Sampey</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CCCC11B4341FC61E93EFC1FFC59" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311708334" accessionNumber="Z26013" collectingDate="2009-10-07" collectionCode="WAM" collectorName="G. Young." country="Japan" county="Western Australia" latitude="-17.501667" location="James Price Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.143166" municipality="Kimberley" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE54C11B4341FC61E93EFC30FC85" box="[922,990,869,894]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||
Z26013
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F84E1DC11B4341FBBEE93DFAFCFC85" box="[1093,1298,869,894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Western Australia</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACEBC11B4341FAE4E93EFA76FC85" box="[1311,1432,869,894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Kimberley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC11B4341FF6CE9D1FE8FFC59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC11B4341FF6CE9D1FE8FFC59" box="[151,353,905,930]" country="Japan" county="Western Australia" latitude="-17.501667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.143166" municipality="Kimberley" name="James Price Point" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Okinawa">James Price Point</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C11B4341FE97E9D2FE01FC59" box="[364,495,905,930]" degrees="17.501667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" precision="1" value="-17.501667">-17.501667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C11B4341FE01E9D2FD6CFC59" box="[506,642,905,930]" degrees="122.143167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" precision="1" value="122.143166">122.143167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF981051C11B4341FD76E9D1FCD0FC59" box="[653,830,905,930]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2009-10-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9B9C11B4341FD76E9D1FCD0FC59" box="[653,830,905,930]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2009-10-07">7 October 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C11B4341FC7AE9D2FC1FFC59" box="[897,1009,905,930]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">G. Young.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C651AC11B4344FF3CE9F6FEA7F8FF" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF3CE9F6FC06FA61" blockId="11.[151,1437,725,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CE9F6FD9BFC3D" bold="true" box="[199,629,941,966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CE9F6FEB7FC3D" box="[199,345,941,966]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
External morphology.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body wall soft, fairly thin and covered with tube feet. Color in preservative, beige (UF 11011, UF 11013, UF 11014, UF 11016, ZMUC HOL-253,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FBB0E98AFB71FC11" box="[1099,1183,977,1002]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,249,1866,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-40@13.[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Live appearance of Phyrella fragilis from Okinawa, Japan. A: UF 11011, about 50 mm long; B: UF 11013; about 55 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908340/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) to gray (UF 4096) to orange (WAM Z26012, WAM Z26013), some with deep purple patches usually in the middle of the body and/or with small brown spots that can be fairly abundant all over body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FC8CEE42FC3FFBC9" box="[887,977,1049,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,249,1866,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-40@13.[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Live appearance of Phyrella fragilis from Okinawa, Japan. A: UF 11011, about 50 mm long; B: UF 11013; about 55 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908340/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); some specimens with darker coloration on both ends (e.g., UF 11011,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FDFBEE66FDB7FBAD" box="[512,601,1085,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,249,1866,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-40@13.[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Live appearance of Phyrella fragilis from Okinawa, Japan. A: UF 11011, about 50 mm long; B: UF 11013; about 55 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908340/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body arched, slightly U-shaped, generally cylindrical with a tapering posterior end. Largest animal (UF 4096)
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FD9DEE3AFD5BFB82" box="[614,693,1121,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
|
||
along dorsum,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FC9EEE3AFC5AFB82" box="[869,948,1121,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
|
||
along venter, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FB7EEE3AFB3AFB82" box="[1157,1236,1121,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide across midbody; most
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FEDDEEDEFE71FB66" box="[294,415,1157,1182]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="40.0">40–55 mm</quantity>
|
||
along dorsum,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FDA6EEDEFD38FB66" box="[605,726,1157,1182]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="65.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="55.0">55–75 mm</quantity>
|
||
along venter, and 20+/- mm wide. Introvert retracted in all specimens examined, short (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FE24EEF2FDCFFB3A" box="[479,545,1193,1218]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FD95EEF2FD41FB3A" box="[622,687,1193,1218]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide for UF 4096), variable in color from almost white to dark brown. Tube feet same color as body wall and purple when originating in patches of this color; very abundant, evenly spread across radial and inter-radial areas, more abundant on venter and toward extremities; fairly large (~
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FF4DEF4EFF19FAD6" box="[182,247,1301,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ~
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FEAEEF4EFE78FAD6" box="[341,406,1301,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide relaxed). 15–17 tentacles of varying size [UF 4096: 17 tentacles (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FB45EF4EFB16FAD5" box="[1214,1272,1301,1326]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
outer circle,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FA75EF4DFF43FAA9" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
inner circle), WAM Z26012: 16 tentacles (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FD6AEF62FD25FAA9" box="[657,715,1337,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
outer circle,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FC9BEF62FC65FAA9" box="[864,907,1337,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
inner circle), WAM Z26013: 15 tentacles (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FA8BEF62FA72FAA9" box="[1392,1436,1337,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
|
||
outer circle,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FECBEF06FE8FFA8D" box="[304,353,1373,1398]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
inner circle), ZMUC HOL-253: 15 tentacles (disposition too difficult to discern)]. Cloacal membrane white. Cloaca surrounded by 5 small, lightly calcified anal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF3CEFFEFB0BF925" blockId="11.[151,1437,725,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CEFFEFE4EFA46" box="[199,416,1445,1470]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CEFFEFE76FA45" bold="true" box="[199,408,1445,1470]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Internal anatomy</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Polian vesicle single, white with sparse small brown spots; variable in size and with no clear relation to size of animal (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FDE4EF92FD8FFA1A" box="[543,609,1481,1506]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in UF 4096,>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FCE4EF92FC80FA1A" box="[799,878,1481,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in all other dissected specimens). Stone canal inconspicuous, lightly calcified, at least proximally embedded in either the membrane surrounding the calcareous ring or the dorsal mesentery. Madreporite single, white, inconspicuous, small (<
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FBBDEC4AFB69F9D2" box="[1094,1159,1553,1578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter), spherical, either embedded in membrane surrounding calcareous ring, dorsal mesentery or free in the body cavity. Gonads well developed in mature individuals, in two tufts; composed of simple, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11B4341FBE1EC02FBB5F98A" box="[1050,1115,1625,1650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, white or yellow tubes branching dichotomously up to a few times. Four of six dissected specimens examined were eviscerated, these retaining gonads, both respiratory trees, and a small anterior portion of the esophagus. Intestine long, distended when packed with fine, muddy sand. Respiratory trees white, extending almost entire body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11B4341FF3CECB2FA7DF84D" blockId="11.[151,1437,725,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CECB2FE60F8FA" box="[199,398,1769,1794]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11B4341FF3CECB2FE69F8F9" bold="true" box="[199,391,1769,1794]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Calcareous ring</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Calcareous ring embedded in a relatively thick membrane; radials and inter-radials typically highly fragmented elements; radial and inter-radial elements closely associated along most of their length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FF64ED6AFECBF8B1" box="[159,293,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,534,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-173@35.[177,1410,531,1892]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Calcareous rings. a–c: Phyrella fragilis (a: UF 4096, b: WAM Z26012, c: WAM Z26013); d–e: Phyrella trapeza, syntypes (d: MCZ HOL1488, thick body wall; e: MCZ HOL1488, thin body wall); f: Phyrella thyonoides, holotype (MCZ HOL1654); g: Phyrella cf. thyonoides (UF 9601); h: Phyrella mookiei, paratype (UF 4770); i: Phyllophorus aculeatus, holotype (USNM 1871)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908418/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 27a,b,c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin of radial plates unequally divided by a well formed notch. Anterior margin of the inter-radial plates arrow-head shaped. Fragmentation of radial and inter-radial elements appears to increase with size; with inter-radials entire in one of the smallest specimens studied (WAM Z26012,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FBDFED22FB6CF869" box="[1060,1154,1913,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,534,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-173@35.[177,1410,531,1892]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Calcareous rings. a–c: Phyrella fragilis (a: UF 4096, b: WAM Z26012, c: WAM Z26013); d–e: Phyrella trapeza, syntypes (d: MCZ HOL1488, thick body wall; e: MCZ HOL1488, thin body wall); f: Phyrella thyonoides, holotype (MCZ HOL1654); g: Phyrella cf. thyonoides (UF 9601); h: Phyrella mookiei, paratype (UF 4770); i: Phyllophorus aculeatus, holotype (USNM 1871)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908418/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 27b</figureCitation>
|
||
), to fragmented to 15–20 elements each, in largest (UF 4096,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11B4341FDD9EDC6FD91F84D" box="[546,639,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,534,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-173@35.[177,1410,531,1892]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Calcareous rings. a–c: Phyrella fragilis (a: UF 4096, b: WAM Z26012, c: WAM Z26013); d–e: Phyrella trapeza, syntypes (d: MCZ HOL1488, thick body wall; e: MCZ HOL1488, thin body wall); f: Phyrella thyonoides, holotype (MCZ HOL1654); g: Phyrella cf. thyonoides (UF 9601); h: Phyrella mookiei, paratype (UF 4770); i: Phyllophorus aculeatus, holotype (USNM 1871)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908418/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Fig. 27a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Radials extend posteriorly as long tails that tend to recurve at their tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C11C4346FF6CED9AFCBEF82C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908338" box="[151,848,1985,2007]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908338/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" startId="12.[151,249,1985,2007]" targetBox="[174,1410,193,1960]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11C4346FF6CED9AFCBEF82C" blockId="12.[151,848,1985,2007]" box="[151,848,1985,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11C4346FF6CED9AFEFCF82D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1985,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11C4346FE6CED9AFDD3F82C" authorityName=": Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[407,573,1985,2007]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11C4346FE6CED9AFDD3F82C" box="[407,573,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
UMUTZ-Ecn-H-Den-144.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C11D4347FF6CED11FEF6F885" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908340/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" startId="13.[151,249,1866,1888]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1844]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11D4347FF6CED11FEF6F885" blockId="13.[151,1435,1866,1918]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11D4347FF6CED11FEFDF8A4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1866,1888]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Live appearance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11D4347FE1FED11FD64F89B" authorityName=": Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[484,650,1866,1888]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11D4347FE1FED11FD64F89B" box="[484,650,1866,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Okinawa, Japan. A: UF 11011, about 50 mm long; B: UF 11013; about 55 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C11E4344FF6CEE34FC21FB7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908344" box="[151,975,1135,1157]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908344/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" startId="14.[151,249,1135,1157]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1113]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11E4344FF6CEE34FC21FB7F" blockId="14.[151,975,1135,1157]" box="[151,975,1135,1157]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FF6CEE34FEFCFB7F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1135,1157]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11E4344FE62EE34FD59FB7E" authority="ZMUC" authorityName="ZMUC" box="[409,695,1135,1157]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FE62EE34FD86FB7E" box="[409,616,1135,1157]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
|
||
ZMUC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HOL-253. Scale bar, 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11E4344FF3CEEF7FEA7F8FF" blockId="14.[151,1436,1196,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FF3CEEF7FE5AFB3F" box="[199,436,1196,1221]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FF3CEEF7FE43FB3E" bold="true" box="[199,429,1196,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Ossicle assemblage</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FE44EEF7FCC4FB3E" bold="true" box="[447,810,1196,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Dorsal and ventral body wall</emphasis>
|
||
with tables only. Tables variable, disc with complete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FF64EE8BFF1EFB12" box="[159,240,1232,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7b</figureCitation>
|
||
) or incomplete rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FE14EE8BFDBDFB12" box="[495,595,1232,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7f,d</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FD9FEE8BFD26FB12" box="[612,712,1232,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8a,d</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FD1FEE8BFC8DFB13" box="[740,867,1232,1257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="112.5" valueMax="125.0" valueMin="100.0">
|
||
100–125
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FCA8EE8AFC8DFB13" box="[851,867,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m in diameter; central perforation
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FAFAEE8BFA8DFB13" box="[1281,1379,1232,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="22.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
10–35
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FAA8EE8AFA8DFB13" box="[1363,1379,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m in diameter, surrounded by a ring of 8 perforations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FD24EEAFFCABFAF6" box="[735,837,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7b,c</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FCAEEEAFFC48FAF6" box="[853,934,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FC73EEAFFC48FAF6" box="[904,934,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), rarely with additional holes peripheral to these; margins slightly raised; spire formed by four pillars connected by a single cross-beam half way up, terminating in a narrow, often incomplete crown; irregular and incomplete tables also present, spire completely (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FF64EF3BFEEDFA82" box="[159,259,1376,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7a,g</figureCitation>
|
||
) or partially wanting (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FDF0EF3BFD93FA82" box="[523,637,1376,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8d, h</figureCitation>
|
||
), often with larger central perforation than regular tables. Podia with perforated plates
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FEA1EFDFFE3AFA67" box="[346,468,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="205.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="160.0">
|
||
160–250
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FE3FEFDEFE3AFA67" box="[452,468,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FDA1EFDFFD2BFA67" box="[602,709,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="82.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="65.0">
|
||
65–100
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FD4EEFDEFD2BFA67" box="[693,709,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m wide, with holes decreasing in size toward periphery; margins serrated; serrations most developed along the more convex margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FC70EFF3FC15FA3A" box="[907,1019,1448,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7h–k</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FBFEEFF3FB95FA3A" box="[1029,1147,1448,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8e,f,k</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FB74EFF3FA8AFA3A" bold="true" box="[1167,1380,1448,1473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Cloacal body wall</emphasis>
|
||
with tables and rosettes. Tables similar to those found elsewhere in body wall. Rosettes abundant,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FB13EF97FAA7FA1F" box="[1256,1353,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">
|
||
20–30
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FAC2EF96FAA7FA1F" box="[1337,1353,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FF64EFABFF17F9F2" box="[159,249,1520,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-112@16.[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Rosettes from cloacal region (A) and introvert (B) of Phyrella fragilis UF 4096. Scale bar, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908358/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Podia with shorter perforated plates, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FD07EFABFCD1F9F3" box="[764,831,1520,1545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="150.0">
|
||
150
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FCD4EFAAFCD1F9F3" box="[815,831,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FC59EFABFC06F9F2" box="[930,1000,1520,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig.7r</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FC0EEFABFBB6F9F2" box="[1013,1112,1520,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8q,r</figureCitation>
|
||
). Podia that flank anal teeth with rods,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FEF5EC4FFE85F9D7" box="[270,363,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="52.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="40.0">
|
||
40–65
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FEA0EC4EFE85F9D7" box="[347,363,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FE31EC4FFDF6F9D6" box="[458,536,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8s</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some rosettes.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FCFFEC4FFC00F9D6" bold="true" box="[772,1006,1556,1581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Introvert body wall</emphasis>
|
||
with tables and rosettes (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FAF1EC4FFA87F9D7" box="[1290,1385,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">
|
||
20–30
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FAA2EC4EFA87F9D7" box="[1369,1385,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m in length) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FF0DEC63FEA0F9AA" box="[246,334,1592,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-112@16.[340,1247,1531,1869]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Rosettes from cloacal region (A) and introvert (B) of Phyrella fragilis UF 4096. Scale bar, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908358/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
); tables drop out toward tentacles. Tables similar to, but typically smaller (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FB65EC63FB10F9AB" box="[1182,1278,1592,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="60.0">
|
||
60–90
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FB15EC62FB10F9AB" box="[1262,1278,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FAD5EC63FA79F9AA" box="[1326,1431,1592,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7l–n</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FF6CEC07FEEAF98E" box="[151,260,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8n–p</figureCitation>
|
||
) than those elsewhere in the body wall. Podia with perforated plates variable and mostly similar to those of body wall near cloaca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FE41ECDBFDC7F963" box="[442,553,1664,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7o–q</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FDCEECDBFD70F962" box="[565,670,1664,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" captionTargetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-110@16.[159,1427,193,1346]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8l,m</figureCitation>
|
||
); and with rosettes, mostly toward the base of podia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FB0FECDBFA8DF962" bold="true" box="[1268,1379,1664,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Tentacles</emphasis>
|
||
with rods,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C11E4344FF2EECFFFEDDF947" box="[213,307,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="67.5" valueMax="95.0" valueMin="40.0">
|
||
40–95
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FED8ECFEFEDDF947" box="[291,307,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">µ</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
m long, with no, one or a few perforations toward ends, some with serrations along margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C11E4344FAC5ECFFFA60F946" box="[1342,1422,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-63@15.[203,1383,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ossicle assemblage of Phyrella fragilis (UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 7s</figureCitation>
|
||
). No ossicles were observed in the cloacal, longitudinal and retractor muscles; intestine; cloacal wall; gonads; and respiratory tree.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C651AC11E435BFF3CED4BFC55FBEB" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11E4344FF3CED4BFD2DF826" blockId="14.[151,1436,1196,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FF3CED4BFED5F8D2" bold="true" box="[199,315,1808,1833]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Mitsukuri noted in his original description (quoted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11E4344FC33ED4BFB97F8D2" author="Ohshima, H." box="[968,1145,1808,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref20522" refString="Ohshima, H. (1912) On the system of Phyllophorinae with descriptions of the species found in Japan. Annotationes zoologicae Japonenses, 8, 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1912">Ohshima, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that the species has 15 tentacles (10 large and 5 small); however Ohshima adding to this description in the same paper notes that this species has “invariably” 20 tentacles.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C11E4344FDA7ED03FC7EF88A" author="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A." box="[604,912,1880,1905]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref19970" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des zoologischen museums. in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding & Panning (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed Ohshima to assign this species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11E4344FF6CED27FF18F86E" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,246,1916,1941]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FF6CED27FF18F86E" box="[151,246,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Phyrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on having 20 tentacles. Specimens examined had 15–17 tentacles. This species can be distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11E4344FEEEEDFBFE9AF842" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[277,372,1952,1977]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11E4344FEEEEDFBFE9AF842" box="[277,372,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Phyrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the abundant, large tube feet, the regular tables in the body wall and the large serrations on the more convex margins of the perforated plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C11F4345FF6CEDDAFD1EF82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908348/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" startId="15.[151,249,1921,1943]" targetBox="[216,1377,195,1893]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C11F4345FF6CEDDAFD1EF82F" blockId="15.[151,1436,1921,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11F4345FF6CEDDAFEFAF86D" bold="true" box="[151,276,1921,1943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Ossicle assemblage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C11F4345FDF3EDDAFD41F86C" authorityName=": Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[520,687,1921,1943]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C11F4345FDF3EDDAFD41F86C" box="[520,687,1921,1943]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UF 4096). a–i: tables (a–g) and perforated plates (h–i) from mid-dorsal body wall; j–k: perforated plates from mid-ventral body wall; l–q: tables (l–n) and perforated plates (o–q) from introvert; r: perforated plate from cloacal region; s: rods from tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C100435AFF6CEF0CFD2DFA32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908352" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908352/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" startId="16.[151,249,1367,1389]" targetBox="[165,1425,201,1341]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C100435AFF6CEF0CFD2DFA32" blockId="16.[151,1436,1367,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C100435AFF6CEF0CFEFDFA97" bold="true" box="[151,275,1367,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Ossicle assemblage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C100435AFDF9EF0CFD46FA96" authorityName=": Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[514,680,1367,1389]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C100435AFDF9EF0CFD46FA96" box="[514,680,1367,1389]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. a–f: tables (a–d) and perforated plates (e,f) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26012; g–k: tables (g–j) and perforated plate (k) from mid-dorsal body wall of WAM Z26013; l–p: perforated plates (l– m) and tables (n–p) from introvert of WAM Z26012; q–r: perforated plates from podia of cloacal region of WAM Z26012; s: rods from podia that flank anal teeth of WAM Z26012.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF596619C100435AFF6CED39FB15F883" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908358" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4908358" box="[151,1275,1890,1912]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908358/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" startId="16.[151,249,1890,1912]" targetBox="[340,1247,1531,1869]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C100435AFF6CED39FB15F883" blockId="16.[151,1275,1890,1912]" box="[151,1275,1890,1912]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C100435AFF6CED39FEFCF88C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1890,1912]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Rosettes from cloacal region (A) and introvert (B) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C100435AFCCCED39FBEDF883" authority="UF" authorityName="UF" box="[823,1027,1890,1912]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C100435AFCCCED39FC32F883" box="[823,988,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
UF
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
4096. Scale bar, 20
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C100435AFB29ED38FB0EF883" box="[1234,1248,1891,1912]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">µ</emphasis>
|
||
m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C101435BFF3CEACCFD1FFE0E" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFF3CEACCFDB1FF4B" bold="true" box="[199,607,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
Synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFE97EACCFDB6FF54" box="[364,600,151,176]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFE97EACCFDB6FF54" bold="true" box="[364,600,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C101435BFD9CEACCFC63FF4B" author="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A." box="[615,909,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref19970" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des zoologischen museums. in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding & Panning (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20FD18C101435BFC16EACCFB4CFF4B" box="[1005,1186,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
that they attributed to their
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFF2FEAE7FE52FF2F" box="[212,444,188,213]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFF2FEAE7FE52FF2F" box="[212,444,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Thyonidiella oceana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, one from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFDBBEAE7FD7AFF2E" box="[576,660,188,213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and two from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFCBFEAE7FC5AFF2E" box="[836,948,188,213]" name="Mauritius" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
, designating the first as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFB06EAE7FA8DFF2E" box="[1277,1379,188,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFF6CEA84FEEAFF03" box="[151,260,223,248]" name="Mauritius" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens pertain to
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFDF1EA84FD0BFF03" box="[522,741,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFDF1EA84FD83FF03" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[522,621,223,248]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Phyrella</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFD78EA84FD0BFF03" baseAuthorityName="Cherbonnier" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[643,741,223,248]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Lipotrapeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ambigua">ambigua</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(see below). Heding & Panning noted that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFAE7EA84FA90FF03" box="[1308,1406,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B74C101435BFF6CEB5FFF08FEE0" box="[151,230,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, appears contracted so that the body wall is thick, both mouth and anus are dorsal, and possesses 10 large and 5 small tentacles. They illustrated the calcareous ring showing that both radials and inter-radials are fragmented, and the inter-radials have posterior projections. They also noted that the body wall lacks ossicles, as they were able to recover only tube feet end plates. The absence of signs of corrosion on the latter suggested to the authors that the absence of ossicles was not an artifact. They end their description by providing notes from Mortensen who collected the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFDFAEBECFDBBFE2B" box="[513,597,439,464]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen and indicated that it lives buried in the sand under rocks (presumably in the intertidal), and eviscerates readily.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C101435BFF3CEBA4FF14FCA6" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C101435BFF3CEBA4FE48FDE3" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[199,422,511,536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" refId="ref19474" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Echinodermes: Holothurides. Faune de Madagascar, 70. Faune de Madagascar. Vol. 70. ORSTOM, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed and illustrated the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFCF0EBA4FC9FFDE3" box="[779,881,511,536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. He noted that the specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFAFEEBA4FA9CFDE3" box="[1285,1394,511,536]" name="Mauritius" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
are devoid of ossicles except for tube feet end plates and rosettes in the cloacal region. This may explain why Heding & Panning did not find ossicles if they only examined the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFCBFE81CFC5FFD9B" box="[836,945,583,608]" name="Mauritius" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens for ossicles. In his description, Cherbonnier confirmed Heding & Panning's description, and in particular the absence of ossicles in the ventral body wall of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFEAEE8D4FE55FD53" box="[341,443,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. However, he found and illustrated ossicles in the dorsal body wall. These include tables with a four pillar spire, and a crown which can be incomplete; perforated plates; and rosettes in the introvert and cloacal region. He concluded by noting that the original description is incomplete due to the lack of illustration of the dorsal body wall ossicles, and that the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFD88E8A7FD29FCEE" box="[627,711,764,789]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen appears to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFC20E8A7FA84FCEE" authority="(Ludwig, 1875)" authorityName="Rowe & Richmond" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Ludwig" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[987,1386,764,789]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Semperiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFC20E8A7FB41FCEF" box="[987,1199,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Semperiella tenera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C101435BFB44E8A7FA8FFCEE" author="Ludwig, H. L." box="[1215,1377,764,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="77 - 118" refId="ref20290" refString="Ludwig, H. L. (1875) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Holothurien. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologisch-Zootmoischen Institut in Wurzburg, 2, 77 - 118." type="journal article" year="1875">Ludwig, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. His concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFEE8E97BFE99FCC3" authorityName="Rowe & Richmond" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Ludwig" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[275,375,800,824]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Semperiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFEE8E97BFE99FCC3" box="[275,375,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">S. tenera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on Heding & Panning account for this species, which in turn was not based on type material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C101435BFF3CE93CFC55FBEB" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
The ossicles and calcareous ring of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFD87E93CFD30FC7B" box="[636,734,871,896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFCF9E932FC80FC7B" box="[770,878,873,896]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFCF9E932FC80FC7B" box="[770,878,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">T. oceana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B60C101435BFBC9E93CFAE4FC7B" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[1074,1290,871,896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" refId="ref19474" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Echinodermes: Holothurides. Faune de Madagascar, 70. Faune de Madagascar. Vol. 70. ORSTOM, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier (1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Fig 102) are indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFE61E9D7FDBFFC5E" box="[410,593,908,933]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFE61E9D7FDBFFC5E" box="[410,593,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D8833C101435BFCC0E9D7FC73FC5E" box="[827,925,908,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFC39E9D6FBC0FC5F" box="[962,1070,909,932]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyonidiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="oceana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFC39E9D6FBC0FC5F" box="[962,1070,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">T. oceana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A14C101435BFBC6E9D7FB6FFC5E" box="[1085,1153,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,249,1135,1157]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-425@14.[151,1436,193,1113]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Holotype of Thyonidiella oceana ZMUC HOL-253. Scale bar, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4908344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4908344/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), confirms Cherbonnier's observations (absence of ossicles in the ventral body wall, tables and perforated plates in the dorsal body wall and tube feet, fragmented inter-radial elements in the calcareous ring), and we found no difference between it and specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFECAE9A2FE73FBEB" box="[305,413,1015,1040]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFECAE9A2FE73FBEB" box="[305,413,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">P. fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taken near the type locality of the latter species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C651AC101435BFF3CEE47FAB8FAF6" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B993691C101435BFF3CEE47FAB8FAF6" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFF3CEE47FE0BFBCE" bold="true" box="[199,485,1052,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ecology & distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFE15EE47FD46FBCE" box="[494,680,1052,1077]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFE15EE47FD46FBCE" box="[494,680,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Phyrella fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an intertidal species found under rocks in calcareous sand; the animal usually covers itself with large sand grains and pieces of shells. It is common in intertidal areas of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E2F873C101435BFAACEE64FEAAFB86" country="Philippines" name="Ilocos Norte" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ilocos Norte province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFEABEE3FFE20FB86" box="[336,462,1124,1149]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C101435BFE25EE3FFD8DFB86" box="[478,611,1124,1149]" degrees="17.501667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" precision="1" value="-17.501667">-17.501667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE125056C101435BFD94EE3FFD17FB86" box="[623,761,1124,1149]" degrees="122.143167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" precision="1" value="122.143166">122.143167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), where it is commercially harvested and eaten by the local population who call it
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFE69EEDCFE13FB5B" box="[402,509,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">sorsorbot</emphasis>
|
||
(R. Olavides, pers.comm.).
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C101435BFCC2EEDCFC70FB5B" box="[825,926,1159,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ohshima</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C101435BFC3AEEDCFBC1FB5B" box="[961,1071,1159,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Mitsukuri</collectorName>
|
||
(1912) named the species for its propensity to eviscerate, noting: “As soon as the stone under which these animals live are lifted up, they throw off the viscera, even before they are touched in any way.”
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C101435BFCD8EE94FCBBFB13" box="[803,853,1231,1256]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">This</collectorName>
|
||
species has the widest known distribution of any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D12C101435BFF6CEEAFFF18FAF6" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,246,1268,1293]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA83C101435BFF6CEEAFFF18FAF6" box="[151,246,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Phyrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, extending from
|
||
<location id="8EF9604AC101435BFE4CEEAFFD6DFAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8787C11B435BFF6CEB34FAB8FAF6:8EF9604AC101435BFE4CEEAFFD6DFAF6" box="[439,643,1268,1293]" country="Philippines" latitude="-17.501667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.143166" name="Western Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" stateProvince="Ilocos Norte">Western Australia</location>
|
||
, through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFD17EEAFFCB7FAF6" box="[748,857,1268,1293]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFC43EEAFFBD7FAF6" box="[952,1081,1268,1293]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3317601C101435BFB9AEEAFFB5DFAF6" box="[1121,1203,1268,1293]" name="Taiwan" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26D35347C101435BFB11EEAFFABDFAF6" box="[1258,1363,1268,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Okinawa</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |